2005 Nevada Revised Statutes - Chapter 484 — Traffic Laws

CHAPTER 484 - TRAFFIC LAWS

GENERAL PROVISIONS

NRS 484.011 Purposesof chapter.

NRS 484.013 Definitions.

NRS 484.014 Administrativeroadblock defined.

NRS 484.015 Alleydefined.

NRS 484.017 Authorizedemergency vehicle defined.

NRS 484.019 Bicycledefined.

NRS 484.021 Busdefined.

NRS 484.023 Busstand defined.

NRS 484.027 Businessdistrict defined.

NRS 484.029 Centerand centerline defined.

NRS 484.031 Centralbusiness district defined.

NRS 484.033 Citydefined.

NRS 484.035 Combinationof vehicles defined.

NRS 484.037 Commercialvehicle defined.

NRS 484.038 Concentrationof alcohol of 0.08 or more in his blood or breath defined. [Effective untilthe date of the repeal of the federal law requiring each state to make itunlawful for a person to operate a motor vehicle with a blood alcoholconcentration of 0.08 percent or greater as a condition to receiving federalfunding for the construction of highways in this State.]

NRS 484.038 Concentrationof alcohol of 0.10 or more in his blood or breath defined. [Effective on thedate of the repeal of the federal law requiring each state to make it unlawfulfor a person to operate a motor vehicle with a blood alcohol concentration of0.08 percent or greater as a condition to receiving federal funding for theconstruction of highways in this State.]

NRS 484.041 Controlled-accesshighway defined.

NRS 484.043 Crosswalkdefined.

NRS 484.045 Curbloading zone defined.

NRS 484.048 Dividedhighway defined.

NRS 484.051 Driveaway-towawayoperation defined.

NRS 484.053 Driverdefined.

NRS 484.057 Explosivesdefined.

NRS 484.059 Farmtractor defined.

NRS 484.061 Flammableliquid defined.

NRS 484.063 Freightcurb loading zone defined.

NRS 484.064 Funeralprocession defined.

NRS 484.065 Highwaydefined.

NRS 484.067 Housecoach defined.

NRS 484.069 Housetrailer defined.

NRS 484.071 Implementof husbandry defined.

NRS 484.073 Intersectiondefined.

NRS 484.074 Interstatehighway defined.

NRS 484.075 Lanedhighway defined.

NRS 484.077 Licenseto drive a motor vehicle defined.

NRS 484.079 Localauthority defined.

NRS 484.0792 Manufacturedhome defined.

NRS 484.0795 Mobilehome defined.

NRS 484.0798 Mopeddefined.

NRS 484.081 Motorvehicle defined.

NRS 484.083 Motorcycledefined.

NRS 484.085 Nonresidentdefined.

NRS 484.087 Nonresidentsdriving privilege defined.

NRS 484.089 Officialtraffic-control device defined.

NRS 484.091 Ownerdefined.

NRS 484.097 Parkand parking defined.

NRS 484.099 Parkingmeter defined.

NRS 484.101 Passengercar defined.

NRS 484.109 Passengercurb loading zone defined.

NRS 484.111 Pedestriandefined.

NRS 484.1115 Personwith a disability of moderate duration defined.

NRS 484.112 Personwith a disability which limits or impairs the ability to walk defined.

NRS 484.1135 Personwith a permanent disability defined.

NRS 484.1145 Personwith a temporary disability defined.

NRS 484.116 Poletrailer defined.

NRS 484.118 Policeofficer defined.

NRS 484.122 Premisesto which the public has access defined.

NRS 484.124 Privateway and driveway defined.

NRS 484.1245 Prohibitedsubstance defined.

NRS 484.126 Publicauthority defined.

NRS 484.128 Railroaddefined.

NRS 484.131 Railroadsign and railroad signal defined.

NRS 484.134 Railroadtrain defined.

NRS 484.1342 Recreationalvehicle defined.

NRS 484.1345 Regulatoryagency defined.

NRS 484.136 Residencedistrict defined.

NRS 484.138 Revocationof drivers license defined.

NRS 484.141 Right-of-waydefined.

NRS 484.144 Roaddefined.

NRS 484.145 Roadwaydefined.

NRS 484.1455 Ruralarea defined.

NRS 484.146 Safetyzone defined.

NRS 484.148 Schoolbus defined.

NRS 484.1485 Schoolcrossing zone defined.

NRS 484.149 Schoolzone defined.

NRS 484.157 Securityagreement defined.

NRS 484.159 Securityinterest defined.

NRS 484.168 Semitrailerdefined.

NRS 484.171 Sidewalkdefined.

NRS 484.173 Specialmobile equipment defined.

NRS 484.183 Standand standing defined.

NRS 484.185 Stopdefined.

NRS 484.187 Stopand stopping defined.

NRS 484.189 Streetdefined.

NRS 484.1905 Tandemaxle defined.

NRS 484.191 Taxicabdefined.

NRS 484.193 Taxicabstand defined.

NRS 484.194 Temporaryroadblock defined.

NRS 484.199 Throughhighway defined.

NRS 484.201 Towcar defined.

NRS 484.202 Towabletools or equipment defined.

NRS 484.203 Trafficdefined.

NRS 484.205 Traffic-controlsignal defined.

NRS 484.207 Trailerdefined.

NRS 484.209 Traveledportion of highway defined.

NRS 484.211 Truckdefined.

NRS 484.213 Truck-tractordefined.

NRS 484.215 Two-directionalhighway defined.

NRS 484.2155 Urbanarea defined.

NRS 484.216 U-turndefined.

NRS 484.217 Vehicledefined.

ACCIDENTS AND REPORTS OF ACCIDENTS

NRS 484.219 Dutyto stop at scene of accident involving death or personal injury; penalty.

NRS 484.221 Dutyto stop at scene of accident involving damage to vehicle or property.

NRS 484.223 Dutyto give information and render aid.

NRS 484.225 Dutyupon damaging unattended vehicle or other property.

NRS 484.227 Immediatenotice to police officer of accident involving unattended vehicle or otherproperty.

NRS 484.228 Seizureand impoundment of vehicle for failure to surrender license plates andcertificate of registration upon suspension of registration.

NRS 484.229 Writtenreport of accident to Department by driver or owner; exceptions;confidentiality; use as evidence at trial.

NRS 484.236 Failureto report; false report; penalties.

NRS 484.238 StateRegistrar of Vital Statistics to report death to Department.

NRS 484.241 Garageor repair shop to maintain record of repairs made to vehicle involved inaccident.

NRS 484.243 Policeto report to Department; report not confidential.

NRS 484.247 Formsfor report of accident.

NRS 484.249 Departmentto tabulate and analyze reports.

RULES OF THE ROAD

General Duties of Drivers; Applicability and Effect of Traffic Laws

NRS 484.253 Obedienceto police officer.

NRS 484.254 Obedienceto signal of authorized flagman; prosecution of violations; penalties.

NRS 484.257 Rightsand duties of person riding animal or driving vehicle drawn by animal.

NRS 484.259 Applicabilityof chapter to person, motor vehicle or other equipment engaged in work uponhighway.

NRS 484.261 Privilegesgranted to driver of authorized emergency vehicle, official vehicle ofregulatory agency or vehicle escorting funeral procession; application ofprivileges; limitation of privileges.

NRS 484.262 Rentalagency not liable for traffic violation by user of rented vehicle.

 

Traffic Signs, Signals and Markings

NRS 484.278 Obedienceto devices for control of traffic; placement of devices; additional penalty forviolation committed in work zone.

NRS 484.283 Coloredlights and lighted arrows as signals on device for control of traffic.

NRS 484.285 Flashingsignals.

NRS 484.287 Displayof unauthorized signs, signals or markings; removal as public nuisance;exceptions; use of advertising revenues to repay bonds.

NRS 484.289 Interferencewith official device for control of traffic or sign or signal for railroadprohibited; additional penalty for violation committed in work zone.

NRS 484.2895 Devicesand mechanisms capable of interfering with or altering signal oftraffic-control signal: General prohibition against operating and selling;seizure by police; presence in or on vehicle as prima facie evidence ofviolation; penalty; exceptions for providers of mass transit and responseagencies.

 

Driving on Right Side of Highway; Overtaking and Passing; Use ofHighway

NRS 484.291 Drivingon right half of highway required; exceptions; additional penalty for violationcommitted in work zone.

NRS 484.293 Dutiesof drivers passing vehicles proceeding in opposite directions; additionalpenalty for violation committed in work zone.

NRS 484.295 Overtakingvehicle on left side: Duties of drivers of overtaking and overtaken vehicle;additional penalty for violation committed in work zone.

NRS 484.297 Whenovertaking on right side allowed; additional penalty for violation committed inwork zone.

NRS 484.299 Limitationson overtaking on left side; additional penalty for violation committed in workzone.

NRS 484.301 Zonesin which overtaking on left side or making left-hand turn prohibited;exceptions; additional penalty for violation committed in work zone.

NRS 484.303 One-wayhighway; rotary traffic island.

NRS 484.305 Drivingon highway having multiple marked lanes for traffic; additional penalty forviolation committed in work zone.

NRS 484.307 Followingtoo closely.

NRS 484.309 Drivingon divided highway: Prohibited turns; additional penalty for violationcommitted in work zone.

NRS 484.311 Restrictedaccess onto or from controlled-access highway; additional penalty for violationcommitted in work zone.

NRS 484.312 Carpoollanes: Authority of Department of Transportation to designate; duties ofDepartment; prohibited use; penalty; regulations.

NRS 484.313 Restrictionson use of controlled-access highway; penalty.

 

Right-of-Way

NRS 484.315 Vehicleapproaching or entering intersection.

NRS 484.317 Vehicleturning left.

NRS 484.319 Vehicleentering intersection marked stop or yield.

NRS 484.321 Vehicleentering highway from private way.

NRS 484.322 Vehicleentering or exiting controlled-access highway: Duty to yield right-of-way.

NRS 484.323 Operationof vehicle on approach of authorized emergency vehicle or official vehicle ofregulatory agency.

NRS 484.324 Vehiclesand bicycles.

 

Pedestrians

NRS 484.3245 Dutiesof driver of motor vehicle to pedestrian.

NRS 484.325 Right-of-wayin crosswalk; obedience to signals and other devices for control of traffic.

NRS 484.327 Crossingother than at crosswalk.

NRS 484.328 Right-of-wayof blind person; penalty.

NRS 484.329 Useof right half of crosswalk.

NRS 484.331 Walkingalong and upon highways; solicitation of ride, business or contribution fromdriver or occupant of vehicle; presence of intoxicated pedestrian withintraveled portion of highway; applicability to riders of animals; criminalpenalty.

 

Turning and Starting and Signals on Stopping and Turning

NRS 484.333 Requiredposition and method of turning at intersections.

NRS 484.335 Disobedienceof directions of device for control of traffic unlawful; additional penalty forviolation committed in work zone.

NRS 484.337 Allowedand prohibited U-turns; additional penalty for violation committed in workzone.

NRS 484.339 Turningon curve or crest of grade prohibited.

NRS 484.341 Startingparked vehicle.

NRS 484.343 Movementand signals for turning; signal for stopping or decreasing speed.

NRS 484.345 Signalby hand and arm or signal lamp or device.

NRS 484.347 Methodsof giving signals by hand and arm.

 

Special Stops Required

NRS 484.348 Stoprequired on signal of peace officer; penalties.

NRS 484.349 Obedienceto signal indicating approach of railroad train.

NRS 484.351 Stoprequired at certain grade crossings of railroad.

NRS 484.353 Certainvehicles required to stop at all grade crossings of railroad; exceptions.

NRS 484.355 Movingheavy equipment at grade crossing of railroad.

NRS 484.356 Stoprequired in obedience to direction or traffic-control signal of school crossingguard; penalty.

NRS 484.357 Overtakingand passing school bus; penalty.

NRS 484.358 Reportby driver of school bus of violation of NRS484.357; submission of report to school district and Department; provisionof notice to owner of vehicle.

NRS 484.359 Administrativeroadblock: Establishment; minimum requirements.

NRS 484.3591 Temporaryroadblock: Establishment; minimum requirements.

NRS 484.3593 Authorityof police officers not limited by provisions relating to roadblocks.

NRS 484.3595 Failureto stop at roadblock; penalties.

 

Restrictions on Speed

NRS 484.361 Basicrule; additional penalty for violation committed in work zone.

NRS 484.363 Dutyof driver to decrease speed under certain circumstances; additional penalty forviolation committed in work zone.

NRS 484.364 Approachto stopped authorized emergency vehicle making use of flashing lights: Dutiesof approaching driver; penalty.

NRS 484.365 Schoolbus: Maximum speed.

NRS 484.366 Schoolzone or school crossing zone: Speed limit; designation; signs; determination ofhours in which speed limit is in effect.

NRS 484.3665 Schoolzone or school crossing zone: Requirements for signs; placement of portablesigns.

NRS 484.3667 Doublepenalty for certain traffic violations committed in work zones.

NRS 484.367 Speedlimit in unincorporated town; additional penalty for violation committed inwork zone.

NRS 484.368 Speedlimit: Establishment for vehicles on highways constructed and maintained byDepartment of Transportation; additional penalty for violation committed inwork zone.

NRS 484.3685 Certainviolations of speed limit in rural areas: Fines; Department not to recordviolation on drivers record; violation not deemed moving traffic violation.

NRS 484.369 Speedzones and signs.

NRS 484.371 Slowdriving; establishment of minimum speed limit.

NRS 484.373 Dutiesof driver driving motor vehicle at speed so slow as to impede forward movementof traffic; prohibition against stopping vehicle on roadway so as to impede orblock normal and reasonable movement of traffic; exception.

NRS 484.374 Dutyof driver of slow-moving vehicle to turn off roadway; circumstances in whichduty arises; criminal penalty.

NRS 484.375 Speciallimitations on speed.

 

Aggressive Driving; Reckless Driving; Vehicular Manslaughter

NRS 484.3765 Aggressivedriving; additional penalty for violation committed in work zone.

NRS 484.377 Recklessdriving; penalty for willful or wanton disregard for safety causing death orsubstantial bodily harm; additional penalties.

NRS 484.3775 Vehicularmanslaughter; additional penalty for violation committed in work zone;notification to Department of conviction by court; recordation of convictionupon driving record of violator.

 

Driving Under the Influence of Intoxicating Liquor or Controlled orProhibited Substance

NRS 484.379 Unlawfulacts; affirmative defense; additional penalty for violation committed in workzone. [Effective until the date of the repeal of the federal law requiring eachstate to make it unlawful for a person to operate a motor vehicle with a bloodalcohol concentration of 0.08 percent or greater as a condition to receivingfederal funding for the construction of highways in this State.]

NRS 484.379 Unlawfulacts; affirmative defense; additional penalty for violation committed in workzone. [Effective on the date of the repeal of the federal law requiring eachstate to make it unlawful for a person to operate a motor vehicle with a bloodalcohol concentration of 0.08 percent or greater as a condition to receivingfederal funding for the construction of highways in this State.]

NRS 484.3791 Civilpenalty.

NRS 484.3792 Penalties;segregation of offender; probation, suspension of sentence and plea bargainingrestricted; intermittent confinement; consecutive sentences.

NRS 484.3793 Evaluationand treatment for alcohol or drug abuse: Definitions.

NRS 484.37935 Evaluationand treatment for alcohol or drug abuse: Standards for approval of evaluationcenter.

NRS 484.37937 Evaluationand treatment for alcohol or drug abuse: Application by first-time offender toundergo program of treatment; sentencing of offender and conditional suspensionof sentence; notice to Department.

NRS 484.3794 Evaluationand treatment for alcohol or drug abuse: Application by second-time offender toundergo program of treatment; sentencing of offender and conditional suspensionof sentence; notice to Department.

NRS 484.37943 Evaluationand treatment for alcohol or drug abuse: Evaluation of certain offenders;evaluation to be conducted at evaluation center; exceptions; offender to paycost of evaluation.

NRS 484.37945 Evaluationand treatment for alcohol or drug abuse: Placement of offender under clinicalsupervision of treatment facility; payment of charges for treatment; liabilityof facility limited.

NRS 484.37947 Evaluationand treatment for alcohol or drug abuse: Evaluation or treatment by privatecompany authorized.

NRS 484.3795 Penaltyif death or substantial bodily harm results; exception; segregation ofoffender; plea bargaining prohibited; affirmative defense; aggravating factor.[Effective until the date of the repeal of the federal law requiring each stateto make it unlawful for a person to operate a motor vehicle with a bloodalcohol concentration of 0.08 percent or greater as a condition to receivingfederal funding for the construction of highways in this State.]

NRS 484.3795 Penaltyif death or substantial bodily harm results; exception; segregation ofoffender; plea bargaining prohibited; affirmative defense; aggravating factor.[Effective on the date of the repeal of the federal law requiring each state tomake it unlawful for a person to operate a motor vehicle with a blood alcoholconcentration of 0.08 percent or greater as a condition to receiving federalfunding for the construction of highways in this State.]

NRS 484.37955 Vehicularhomicide; segregation of offender; plea bargaining prohibited; affirmativedefense; aggravating factor. [Effective until the date of the repeal of thefederal law requiring each state to make it unlawful for a person to operate amotor vehicle with a blood alcohol concentration of 0.08 percent or greater asa condition to receiving federal funding for the construction of highways inthis State.]

NRS 484.37955 Vehicularhomicide; segregation of offender; plea bargaining prohibited; affirmativedefense; aggravating factor. [Effective on the date of the repeal of thefederal law requiring each state to make it unlawful for a person to operate amotor vehicle with a blood alcohol concentration of 0.08 percent or greater asa condition to receiving federal funding for the construction of highways inthis State.]

NRS 484.3796 Evaluationof certain offenders before sentencing; persons qualified to conductevaluation; results of evaluation to be forwarded to Director of Department ofCorrections.

NRS 484.3797 Offenderto attend meeting of panel of victims and provide proof of attendance to court.

NRS 484.37975 Mandatorysuspension of registration of each motor vehicle registered to person convictedof second or subsequent violation or convicted of vehicular homicide; durationof suspension; court to forward copy of order to Department; contents of order;limited exceptions.

NRS 484.3798 Feefor chemical analysis.

NRS 484.382 Impliedconsent to preliminary test; failure to submit to test; use of results of test.

NRS 484.383 Impliedconsent to evidentiary test; exemption from blood test; choice of test;circumstances in which police officer may direct person to submit to bloodtest; restrictions on requiring urine test; failure to submit to test;notification of parent or guardian of minor directed to submit to test.

NRS 484.384 Testshowing concentration of alcohol of 0.08 or more in blood or breath; revocationof license, permit or privilege; periods of ineligibility to run consecutively.[Effective until the date of the repeal of the federal law requiring each stateto make it unlawful for a person to operate a motor vehicle with a bloodalcohol concentration of 0.08 percent or greater as a condition to receivingfederal funding for the construction of highways in this State.]

NRS 484.384 Testshowing concentration of alcohol of 0.10 or more in blood or breath; revocationof license, permit or privilege; periods of ineligibility to run consecutively.[Effective on the date of the repeal of the federal law requiring each state tomake it unlawful for a person to operate a motor vehicle with a blood alcohol concentrationof 0.08 percent or greater as a condition to receiving federal funding for theconstruction of highways in this State.]

NRS 484.385 Seizureof license or permit; order of revocation; administrative and judicial review;temporary license; sufficiency of notice. [Effective until the date of therepeal of the federal law requiring each state to make it unlawful for a personto operate a motor vehicle with a blood alcohol concentration of 0.08 percentor greater as a condition to receiving federal funding for the construction ofhighways in this State.]

NRS 484.385 Seizureof license or permit; order of revocation; administrative and judicial review;temporary license; sufficiency of notice. [Effective on the date of the repealof the federal law requiring each state to make it unlawful for a person tooperate a motor vehicle with a blood alcohol concentration of 0.08 percent orgreater as a condition to receiving federal funding for the construction ofhighways in this State.]

NRS 484.386 Requirementsfor evidentiary test of breath to determine concentration of alcohol in breath;use of reasonable force to obtain sample or conduct test.

NRS 484.387 Hearingby Department; additional temporary license; judicial review; cancellation oftemporary license. [Effective until the date of the repeal of the federal lawrequiring each state to make it unlawful for a person to operate a motorvehicle with a blood alcohol concentration of 0.08 percent or greater as acondition to receiving federal funding for the construction of highways in thisState.]

NRS 484.387 Hearingby Department; additional temporary license; judicial review; cancellation oftemporary license. [Effective on the date of the repeal of the federal lawrequiring each state to make it unlawful for a person to operate a motorvehicle with a blood alcohol concentration of 0.08 percent or greater as acondition to receiving federal funding for the construction of highways in thisState.]

NRS 484.388 Committeeon Testing for Intoxication: Creation; appointment and qualifications ofmembers; meetings; quorum; appeal from decision of Committee.

NRS 484.3882 Committeeon Testing for Intoxication: Certification of breath-testing devices; creationand maintenance of list of such devices; presumption of accuracy and reliabilityof device; other evidence of concentration of alcohol in breath not precluded.

NRS 484.3884 Committeeon Testing for Intoxication: Adoption of regulations to prescribe standards andprocedures to calibrate breath-testing devices; issuance of certificates byDirector of Department of Public Safety.

NRS 484.3886 Committeeon Testing for Intoxication: Adoption of regulations for certification ofpersons to operate device to test concentration in breath; judicial notice;presumption of proper operation; evidence of test performed by others notprecluded.

NRS 484.3888 Committeeon Testing for Intoxication: Adoption of regulations for calibration of devicesto test blood or urine and certification of persons who calibrate or operatedevices or who examine operators; adoption of regulations concerning operationof devices to test blood or urine.

NRS 484.389 Admissibilityof evidence of refusal to submit to evidentiary test and results of test;availability of results of test.

NRS 484.391 Opportunity of arrested person to choose qualified person to administer test; substitutionof test prohibited.

NRS 484.393 Admissibilityof results of blood test in hearing or criminal action; immunity from liabilityfor person administering blood test in certain circumstances.

NRS 484.3935 Presumptionthat solution or gas used to calibrate device for testing breath is properly prepared.

NRS 484.394 Analysisof blood of deceased victim of accident involving motor vehicle to determinepresence and concentration of alcohol.

NRS 484.3941 Deviceto prevent person who has consumed alcohol from starting vehicle: Devicedefined.

NRS 484.3943 Deviceto prevent person who has consumed alcohol from starting vehicle: Imposition bycourt order; installation and inspection; exceptions.

NRS 484.3945 Deviceto prevent person who has consumed alcohol from starting vehicle: Penalties fortampering with or driving without device; probation and suspension of sentenceprohibited; plea bargaining restricted.

NRS 484.3947 Deviceto prevent person who has consumed alcohol from starting vehicle: Regulations.

 

Stopping, Standing and Parking

NRS 484.395 Stopping,standing or parking outside of business or residence district.

NRS 484.397 Policeofficer authorized to remove certain vehicles; protocol for selection and useof towing services; duties and liability of tow car operator.

NRS 484.398 Preservationof criminal evidence on removal of vehicle from highway.

NRS 484.399 Stopping,standing or parking prohibited in specified places.

NRS 484.401 Prohibitedparking in front of theaters, hotels and other buildings.

NRS 484.403 Paralleland angle parking; stopping, standing and parking on highways underjurisdiction of Department of Transportation.

NRS 484.405 Obedienceto devices permitting angle parking.

NRS 484.407 Speciallicense plate or plates and special or temporary parking placards and stickers:Use; alternative use of special plate or plates issued to disabled veterans;limitations.

NRS 484.408 Parkingspace designated for handicapped: Signs; required plates, stickers or placardsfor parking; prohibited acts; penalty.

NRS 484.4085 Locallaw enforcement agency authorized to appoint volunteers to enforce certain lawsconcerning parking for handicapped.

NRS 484.409 Parkedvehicle at nighttime: Reflectors; lights.

NRS 484.411 Stopping,standing or parking in alley.

NRS 484.413 All-nightparking prohibited.

NRS 484.418 Parkingfor certain purposes prohibited.

NRS 484.421 Parkingadjacent to school.

NRS 484.423 Parkingon narrow highway.

NRS 484.425 Standingor parking on one-way street.

NRS 484.427 Standingor parking on one-way roadway.

NRS 484.429 Stopping,standing or parking near hazardous or congested place.

NRS 484.431 Stopping,standing or parking in zone for loading passengers at curb.

NRS 484.433 Stopping,standing or parking in zone for loading freight at curb.

NRS 484.435 Stopping,standing or parking in restricted parking zone.

NRS 484.437 Stopping,standing and parking of bus or taxicab.

NRS 484.439 Restricteduse of bus and taxicab stands.

NRS 484.441 Regulationof stopping, standing or parking by local authority.

NRS 484.443 Stopping,standing or parking in metered parking zone; unlawful tampering with meter.

NRS 484.444 Localauthority authorized to file notice of nonpayment with Department if registeredowner of motor vehicle fails to pay certain penalties, fines or other charges;contents of notice; regulations.

 

Miscellaneous Rules

NRS 484.445 Unattendedmotor vehicle: Stopping engine, locking ignition and removing key.

NRS 484.447 Unattendedmotor vehicle: Standing on grade.

NRS 484.448 Drinkingalcoholic beverage while driving motor vehicle unlawful; open container ofalcoholic beverage; additional penalty for violation committed in work zone.

NRS 484.449 Limitationson backing.

NRS 484.451 Drivingupon sidewalk.

NRS 484.453 Obstructionof or interference with drivers view; interference with drivers control overdriving mechanism; vision of driver through required glass equipment;additional penalty for violation committed in work zone.

NRS 484.455 Ridingin house trailer.

NRS 484.457 Drivingon mountain highway.

NRS 484.459 Coastingprohibited.

NRS 484.461 Followingfire apparatus prohibited.

NRS 484.463 Crossingfire hose.

NRS 484.465 Puttingglass or other injurious substance on highway prohibited.

NRS 484.466 Violationof curfew by drivers who are 16 or 17 years of age; exception for scheduledevents; violation does not constitute primary offense.

NRS 484.467 Drivingthrough funeral or other procession.

NRS 484.469 Drivingin procession.

NRS 484.471 Permitsrequired for certain parades and processions, sound trucks and oversized oroverweight vehicles or equipment; penalty for violation.

NRS 484.473 Unlawfulriding.

NRS 484.474 Childless than 6 years of age and weighing 60 pounds or less to be secured in childrestraint system while being transported in motor vehicle; requirements forsystem; programs of training; fees; penalties; exceptions.

NRS 484.475 Boardingor alighting from vehicle; opening door of vehicle.

NRS 484.477 Motormust be shut off when supply tank being filled with fuel.

NRS 484.479 Highwayclosed to traffic: Removal of barriers and signs unlawful; driving on highwayunlawful; additional penalty for violation committed in work zone.

NRS 484.491 Fusee:Limitation on color.

NRS 484.493 Policeofficer to remove lights and sirens unlawfully installed or operated.

NRS 484.495 Drivingthrough safety zone prohibited.

NRS 484.496 Reflectivematerial required for person directing or controlling traffic near school.

NRS 484.497 Operatorof tow car: Placement of warning signs when rendering assistance to disabledvehicle on certain roadways.

NRS 484.499 Operatorof tow car: Placement of flares, warning lights or reflectors near warningsigns when rendering assistance to disabled vehicle on highway during darkness.

 

Operation of Bicycles and Vehicles for Play

NRS 484.501 Penalty;responsibility of parent or guardian of minor; applicability to bicycle.

NRS 484.503 Trafficlaws apply to person riding bicycle.

NRS 484.504 Personsexempt from traffic laws otherwise applicable to person riding bicycle;exception.

NRS 484.505 Ridingon bicycle.

NRS 484.507 Clingingto another vehicle on roadway prohibited.

NRS 484.509 Operatingbicycle on roadway.

NRS 484.511 Carryingarticles.

NRS 484.513 Lamps,reflectors and brakes required on bicycles.

 

Operation of Low-Speed Vehicles

NRS 484.527 Low-speedvehicle defined; highways upon which low-speed vehicles may be operated;exception.

EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES

Scope and Effect of Regulations

NRS 484.541 Generalrequirements for equipment.

 

Lamps and Other Equipment for Lighting

NRS 484.545 Whenlighted lamps are required.

NRS 484.547 Distanceof visibility and mounted height of lamps.

NRS 484.549 Headlamps on motor vehicles and special mobile equipment.

NRS 484.551 Taillamps.

NRS 484.553 Reflectors.

NRS 484.555 Stoplamps.

NRS 484.557 Turnsignals.

NRS 484.559 Requirementsfor pole trailer.

NRS 484.561 Additionalequipment for lighting required on certain vehicles.

NRS 484.563 Colorsof certain lamps, lights and reflectors.

NRS 484.565 Mountingof reflectors, clearance lamps and side marker lamps.

NRS 484.567 Visibilityrequirements for reflectors, clearance lamps, identification lamps and markerlamps.

NRS 484.569 Obstructedlights.

NRS 484.571 Lampson parked vehicle.

NRS 484.573 Lampsand reflectors on farm tractors, farm equipment and implements of husbandry.

NRS 484.575 Lampsand reflectors on other vehicles.

NRS 484.577 Spotlamps, auxiliary lamps and lamps for fog.

NRS 484.579 Flashingamber warning light: Limitations on operation and display; permit to mount oncertain vehicles; fee.

NRS 484.582 Displayof flashing amber warning light and signs by certain vehicles used to sell foodor beverage.

NRS 484.583 Displayof flashing amber warning light by vehicle of public utility.

NRS 484.584 Useand display of blue tail lamps by certain vehicles of Department ofTransportation; conditions.

NRS 484.585 Additionalequipment for lighting.

NRS 484.587 Equipmentfor lighting road with multiple beams.

NRS 484.589 Useof equipment for lighting road with multiple beams.

NRS 484.591 Numberand intensity of lamps on front of vehicle.

 

Brakes

NRS 484.593 Equipmentrequired.

NRS 484.595 Requirementsfor performance.

NRS 484.597 Maintenance.

NRS 484.599 Equipmentfor towing vehicle.

NRS 484.601 Arrangementof system; device for control.

NRS 484.603 Reservoirs.

NRS 484.605 Warningsignals and devices for certain buses, trucks and truck-tractors.

NRS 484.6055 Conditionsupon use of compression brakes; penalty.

 

Odometers

NRS 484.606 Definitions.

NRS 484.6061 Unlawfuldevices.

NRS 484.6062 Unlawfulchange of mileage.

NRS 484.6063 Operationwith intent to defraud unlawful.

NRS 484.6064 Conspiracy.

NRS 484.6065 Lawfulservice, repair or replacement; notice to be attached to vehicle when odometeradjusted to read zero.

NRS 484.60665 Departmentto enforce provisions of federal law relating to disclosure of odometer readingof motor vehicle and certain other information.

NRS 484.6067 Criminalpenalties.

NRS 484.6068 Civilpenalties.

NRS 484.6069 Injunctiverelief.

 

Other Equipment

NRS 484.607 Hornsand other warning devices.

NRS 484.609 Unlawfulto operate out-of-state or foreign privately owned motor vehicle equipped withred light or siren; exception; penalty.

NRS 484.6101 Standardsand regulations for noise emission; compliance.

NRS 484.611 Mufflers:Prevention of emissions.

NRS 484.612 Mudguards.

NRS 484.613 Mirrorson trucks.

NRS 484.617 Mirrorson all motor vehicles.

NRS 484.619 Windshieldand windows must be unobstructed.

NRS 484.6195 Restrictionson tinting of windshield or side or rear window.

NRS 484.621 Windshieldwipers.

NRS 484.623 Safetyglazing material in motor vehicles and campers.

NRS 484.625 Replacementof glazing materials.

NRS 484.627 Certainvehicles to carry pot torches, lanterns or reflectors; display of devices whenvehicle is disabled.

NRS 484.629 Displayof warning devices by vehicle of public utility parked at site of work.

NRS 484.631 Towcars required to be equipped with broom, shovel and fire extinguisher; dutiesof driver; failure to perform duties.

NRS 484.633 Equipmentfor tow car: Flashing amber warning lamp; flares, lanterns, lights orreflectors.

NRS 484.637 Equipmentfor tow car: Rear and stop lamps; portable electric extension cord.

NRS 484.638 Eventrecording device: Disclosure by manufacturer of new motor vehicle in ownersmanual; downloading or retrieval of data; subscription services; penalty.

NRS 484.639 Television-typereceiving equipment.

NRS 484.641 Safetybelts and shoulder harness assembly; requirements for child and otherpassenger; penalty; exemptions. [Effective until the date the FederalGovernment rescinds the requirement for the installation of automaticrestraints in new private passenger motor vehicles, if that action is basedupon the enactment or continued operation of certain amendatory and transitoryprovisions contained in chapter 480, Statutes of Nevada 1987.]

NRS 484.641 Safetybelts and shoulder harness assembly. [Effective on the date the FederalGovernment rescinds the requirement for the installation of automaticrestraints in new private passenger motor vehicles, if that action is basedupon the enactment or continued operation of certain amendatory and transitoryprovisions contained in chapter 480, Statutes of Nevada 1987.]

NRS 484.6415 Useof safety belts within taxicabs.

NRS 484.642 Pneumatictires: Standards; sale or use of nonconforming tire prohibited.

NRS 484.6425 Useof certain studded tires prohibited.

NRS 484.643 Tractiondevices, tire chains or snow tires: Use required where highway marked orposted.

NRS 484.6432 Tractiondevices, tire chains or snow tires: Requirements under certain circumstances.

NRS 484.6434 Tractiondevices, tire chains or snow tires: Installation and mounting.

NRS 484.6436 Mechanicaldevice to provide traction.

NRS 484.644 Devicefor control of pollution: Use required; disconnection or alteration prohibited;exceptions.

NRS 484.6441 Devicefor control of pollution: Penalty; proof of conformity may be required.

NRS 484.646 Emblemfor slow moving vehicle displayed on certain vehicles; standards.

INSPECTION OF VEHICLES

NRS 484.695 Inspectionby peace officer or inspector; citation or notice of violation; centers forinspection; standards for tires and brakes.

NRS 484.697 Operationof vehicle without required equipment or in unsafe condition prohibited;exceptions.

NRS 484.701 Penaltyfor failure or refusal to stop and submit to inspection or test.

SIZE, WEIGHT AND LOAD

NRS 484.737 Prohibitedacts concerning size or weight of vehicle; special permit; emergencies; exceptions.

NRS 484.738 Heightof vehicle: Maximum heights with load; exception; unlawful acts.

NRS 484.7385 Heightof vehicle: Maximum ground clearance; exceptions.

NRS 484.739 Lengthof vehicle: Restrictions; special permit; exceptions.

NRS 484.741 Lengthof vehicle: Penalty.

NRS 484.743 Authorizedmovement of vehicle on public highway in excess of limits on size and weight;permit; fee.

NRS 484.744 Operationof motor vehicle exceeding its declared gross weight unlawful.

NRS 484.745 Maximumweight of vehicle on any axle or per tire.

NRS 484.748 Limitationson weight for vehicle used by licensed hauler of garbage and refuse.

NRS 484.7485 Limitationson weight for vehicle used by regional transportation commission or itscontractor to provide public mass transportation; exception for certainvehicles used as part of demonstration project; definitions.

NRS 484.751 Measurementof distance between axles.

NRS 484.752 Applicabilityof limits on weight to federal highways; reduction of limits by Department ofTransportation or governing body of city or county.

NRS 484.753 Exemptionfor traction engine and tractor; circular metal band required.

NRS 484.755 Enforcementby officer of Nevada Highway Patrol; weighing; requiring removal of excess load;penalty.

NRS 484.757 Finesfor violations of limits on weight.

NRS 484.759 Maximumwidth of vehicle; permit for increased size or weight.

NRS 484.7595 Maximumwidth of bus.

NRS 484.7598 Maximumwidth of recreational vehicle.

NRS 484.760 Maximumwidth of trailer, semitrailer, special mobile equipment or equipment forconstruction or maintenance of highway.

NRS 484.7605 Widthof load of loosely piled agricultural products; restrictions for implement ofhusbandry moved over highway.

NRS 484.7615 Applicabilityof limits on width to federal highways.

NRS 484.762 Permitfor movement of oversized manufactured or mobile home or similar structure:Requirements; conditions; regulations.

NRS 484.7625 Permitfor movement of oversized manufactured or mobile home or similar structure:Additional requirements and conditions; designation of highways; regulations.

NRS 484.7631 Permitto operate oversized vehicle; coordination with affected entities; regulationslimiting hours, days or routes for movement of oversized vehicle; meetings withaffected industries; expedited procedure.

NRS 484.764 Contentsof application for permit.

NRS 484.765 Maximumweight of vehicle for continuous permit; fee; revocation.

NRS 484.767 Carryingand inspection of permit.

NRS 484.769 Penaltiesfor operation of oversized or overweight vehicle without permit or in violationof permit.

NRS 484.771 Loadon vehicle.

NRS 484.773 Regulations:Loading and securing loads; safety chains and cables for combinations ofvehicles.

NRS 484.775 Displayof red lights or flag on load.

RESPECTIVE POWERS OF STATE AND LOCAL AUTHORITIES

NRS 484.777 Provisionsuniform throughout State; local authority prohibited from enacting certainordinances; trial for same offense prohibited.

NRS 484.778 Citymay adopt penalties for misdemeanors imposed by NRS 484.3792.

NRS 484.779 Powersof local authority.

NRS 484.781 Adoptionof manual and specifications for devices for control of traffic by Departmentof Transportation.

NRS 484.783 Localdevice for control of traffic.

NRS 484.785 Designationof through highways and intersections requiring stop or yield; vehicle enteringintersection.

NRS 484.787 Designationof authorized emergency vehicles; equipment; limitations on use of warningdevices.

NRS 484.789 Permitfor authorized emergency vehicle issued to other vehicles; certain vehicles notconsidered emergency vehicles.

PROCEDURE UPON ARREST

NRS 484.791 Arrestwithout warrant for certain offenses.

NRS 484.792 Citationfor operation of vehicle without insurance or for failure to present proof ofinsurance.

NRS 484.793 Whenperson must be taken immediately before magistrate.

NRS 484.795 Whenpeace officer has option to take person before magistrate.

NRS 484.797 Arrestof nonresident.

NRS 484.799 Citation:Contents; 5-day notice to appear in court; written promise to appear.

NRS 484.800 Matchingof certain information before driver arrested for prior offense.

NRS 484.801 Authorityof peace officer at scene of accident.

NRS 484.803 Appearancebefore magistrate having jurisdiction.

NRS 484.805 Releaseof defendant when magistrate not available.

NRS 484.807 Failureto obey citation.

NRS 484.809 Procedureprescribed for arrest without warrant not exclusive.

NRS 484.810 Issuanceof warrant for failure to obey citation for parking violation.

NRS 484.811 Issuanceof forms for traffic citations; records.

NRS 484.813 Dispositionand records of traffic citations.

NRS 484.815 Auditof records of traffic citations.

NRS 484.817 Copyof citation deemed lawful complaint.

MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS

NRS 484.900 Sponsorof special event to provide for control of vehicular traffic.

NRS 484.910 Useby governmental entity or agent of photographic, video or digital equipment togather evidence for issuance of traffic citation.

GENERAL VIOLATIONS OF CHAPTER

NRS 484.999 Generalrule: Performance of act forbidden by chapter or failure to perform actrequired by chapter is misdemeanor; authority of court to order repeat offenderto pay for and attend school for driver training.

_________

 

GENERAL PROVISIONS

NRS 484.011 Purposesof chapter. The purposes of this chapter areto:

1. Establish traffic laws which are uniform throughoutthe State of Nevada, whether or not incorporated into local ordinances.

2. Minimize the differences between the traffic lawsof the State of Nevada and those of other states.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1482)

NRS 484.013 Definitions. As used in this chapter, unless the context otherwiserequires, the words and terms defined in NRS484.014 to 484.217, inclusive, havethe meanings ascribed to them in those sections.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1202, 1476; A 1973, 448; 1975,1076; 1981, 621; 1987, 1073; 1989, 291, 798; 1993, 1392, 1414, 2586; 1995, 568;1999, 3415; 2003, 380; 2005, 21, 72)

NRS 484.014 Administrativeroadblock defined. Administrative roadblockmeans any structure, device or means used by police officers to control alltraffic through a point on the highway whereby all vehicles may be slowed orstopped for a lawful purpose other than identifying the occupants of thevehicles or an emergency.

(Added to NRS by 1987, 1072)

NRS 484.015 Alleydefined. Alley means a highway:

1. Within a city block set apart for public use,vehicular traffic and local convenience.

2. Which primarily services access to the rearentrance of abutting property.

3. Designed for the special accommodation of abuttingproperty, but not a cul-de-sac.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1476)

NRS 484.017 Authorizedemergency vehicle defined. Authorizedemergency vehicle means a vehicle permitted to depart from certain trafficlaws when equipped and operated in the manner provided by law.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1476)

NRS 484.019 Bicycledefined. Bicycle means a device propelled byhuman power upon which a person may ride, having two tandem wheels either ofwhich is over 14 inches in diameter, or every such device generally recognizedas a bicycle though equipped with two front or two rear wheels except a moped.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1476; A 1975, 1077)

NRS 484.021 Busdefined. Bus means a vehicle owned by theState, a political subdivision or a private school or nursery, designed forcarrying more than 10 passengers and used for the transportation of persons, ora vehicle, other than a taxicab, designed and used for the transportation ofpersons for compensation.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1476)

NRS 484.023 Busstand defined. Bus stand means a fixed areain or adjacent to the highway to be occupied exclusively by buses for layoverand operating schedules or in receiving or discharging passengers.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1476)

NRS 484.027 Businessdistrict defined. Business district meansthe territory contiguous to and including a highway when within any 600 feetalong such highway there are buildings in use for business or industrialpurposes, including but not limited to hotels, banks or office buildings,railroad stations and public buildings which occupy at least 300 feet offrontage on one side or 300 feet collectively on both sides of the highway.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1476)

NRS 484.029 Centerand centerline defined. Center orcenterline means a continuous or broken line marked upon the surface of ahighway by paint or otherwise to indicate each portion of a highway allocatedto traffic proceeding in the two opposite directions, and, if a line is notmarked, it is an imaginary line in the highway equally distant from the edgesor curbs of the highway.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1477)

NRS 484.031 Centralbusiness district defined. Central businessdistrict means all highways within the area described as such by an ordinanceof an incorporated city.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1477)

NRS 484.033 Citydefined. City means any incorporated city,whether incorporated under general or special law.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1477; A 1987, 1725)

NRS 484.035 Combinationof vehicles defined. Combination of vehiclesmeans two or more vehicles coupled together.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1477)

NRS 484.037 Commercialvehicle defined. Commercial vehicle meansevery vehicle designed, maintained or used primarily for the transportation ofproperty in furtherance of commercial enterprise.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1477; A 1973, 448)

NRS 484.038 Concentrationof alcohol of 0.08 or more in his blood or breath defined. [Effective untilthe date of the repeal of the federal law requiring each state to make itunlawful for a person to operate a motor vehicle with a blood alcoholconcentration of 0.08 percent or greater as a condition to receiving federalfunding for the construction of highways in this State.] The phrase concentration of alcohol of 0.08 or more inhis blood or breath means 0.08 gram or more of alcohol per 100 milliliters ofthe blood of a person or per 210 liters of his breath.

(Added to NRS by 1989, 291; A 1999, 2451; 2003, 2559)

NRS 484.038 Concentration of alcohol of 0.10 ormore in his blood or breath defined. [Effective on the date of the repeal ofthe federal law requiring each state to make it unlawful for a person tooperate a motor vehicle with a blood alcohol concentration of 0.08 percent orgreater as a condition to receiving federal funding for the construction ofhighways in this State.] The phraseconcentration of alcohol of 0.10 or more in his blood or breath means 0.10gram or more of alcohol per 100 milliliters of the blood of a person or per 210liters of his breath.

(Added to NRS by 1989, 291; A 1999, 2451; 2003, 2559,effective on the date of the repeal of the federal law requiring each state tomake it unlawful for a person to operate a motor vehicle with a blood alcoholconcentration of 0.08 percent or greater as a condition to receiving federalfunding for the construction of highways in this State)

NRS 484.041 Controlled-accesshighway defined. Controlled-access highwaymeans every highway to or from which owners or occupants of abutting lands andother persons have no legal right of access except at such points only and insuch manner as may be determined by a public authority.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1477)

NRS 484.043 Crosswalkdefined. Crosswalk means:

1. That part of a highway at an intersection includedwithin the connections of the lateral lines of the sidewalks on opposite sidesof the highway measured from the curbs or, in the absence of curbs, from theedges of the traveled portions of highways; or

2. Any portion of a highway at an intersection orelsewhere distinctly indicated for pedestrian crossing by lines or othermarkings on the surface.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1477)

NRS 484.045 Curbloading zone defined. Curb loading zonemeans a space adjacent to a curb reserved for the exclusive use of vehiclesduring the loading or unloading of passengers or materials.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1477)

NRS 484.048 Dividedhighway defined. Divided highway means ahighway divided into two or more roadways by means of a physical barrier ordividing section, constructed so as to impede the conflict of vehicular traffictraveling in opposite directions.

(Added to NRS by 1973, 447)

NRS 484.051 Driveaway-towawayoperation defined. Driveaway-towawayoperation means any operation in which any motor vehicle, trailer or semitrailer,singly or in combination, new or used, constitutes the commodity beingtransported, when one set or more of wheels of any such vehicle are on thehighway during the course of transportation, whether or not any such vehiclefurnishes the motive power.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1203)

NRS 484.053 Driverdefined. Driver means every person whodrives or is in actual physical control of a vehicle.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1477)

NRS 484.057 Explosivesdefined. Explosives means any chemicalcompound or mechanical mixture that is commonly used or intended for thepurpose of producing an explosion and which contains any oxidizing andcombustive units or other ingredients in such proportions, quantities orpacking that an ignition by fire, by friction, by concussion, by percussion or bydetonator of any part of the compound or mixture may cause such a suddengeneration of highly heated gases that the resultant gaseous pressures arecapable of producing destructive effects on contiguous objects or of destroyinglife or limb.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1477)

NRS 484.059 Farmtractor defined. Farm tractor means everymotor vehicle designed and used primarily as a farm implement for drawingplows, mowing machines and other implements of husbandry.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1477)

NRS 484.061 Flammableliquid defined. Flammable liquid means anyliquid which has a flash point of 70F., or less, as determined by a tagliabue or equivalent closed-cup test device.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1478)

NRS 484.063 Freightcurb loading zone defined. Freight curbloading zone means a space adjacent to a curb for the exclusive use ofvehicles during the loading or unloading of freight.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1478)

NRS 484.064 Funeralprocession defined. Funeral processionmeans a procession of two or more vehicles accompanying a vehicle containingthe body of a deceased person.

(Added to NRS by 1985, 944)

NRS 484.065 Highwaydefined. Highway means the entire width betweenthe boundary lines of every way dedicated to a public authority when any partof the way is open to the use of the public for purposes of vehicular traffic,whether or not the public authority is maintaining the way.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1478; A 1981, 1690)

NRS 484.067 Housecoach defined. House coach means a motorvehicle which is designed, constructed and equipped as a dwelling place orliving abode, either permanently or temporarily.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1478)

NRS 484.069 Housetrailer defined. House trailer means:

1. A trailer or a semitrailer which is designed,constructed and equipped as a dwelling place, living abode or sleeping place,either permanently or temporarily, and is equipped for use as a conveyance on ahighway; or

2. A trailer or semitrailer whose chassis and exteriorshell is designed and constructed for use as a house trailer, as defined insubsection 1, but which is used instead permanently or temporarily for theadvertising, sales, display or promotion of merchandise or services, or for anyother commercial purpose except the transportation of property for hire or thetransportation of property for distribution by a private carrier.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1478)

NRS 484.071 Implementof husbandry defined. Implement of husbandrymeans every vehicle designed and adapted exclusively for agricultural, horticulturalor livestock-raising operations or for lifting or carrying an implement ofhusbandry and in either case not subject to registration if used upon thehighways.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1203)

NRS 484.073 Intersectiondefined. Intersection means:

1. The area embraced within the prolongation orconnection of the lateral curb lines, or, if none, then the lateral boundarylines of the roadways of two highways which join one another at, orapproximately at, right angles, or the area within which vehicles travelingupon different highways joining at any other angle may come in conflict.

2. Where a highway includes two roadways 30 feet ormore apart, then every crossing of each roadway of such divided highway by anintersecting highway shall be regarded as a separate intersection. In the eventsuch intersecting highway also includes two roadways 30 feet or more apart,then every crossing of two roadways of such highways shall be regarded as aseparate intersection.

3. The junction of an alley with a street, road orhighway shall not constitute an intersection.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1478)

NRS 484.074 Interstatehighway defined. Interstate highway means aportion of the Dwight D. Eisenhower National System of Interstate and DefenseHighways located within this State as officially designated pursuant to theprovisions of Title 23 of the United States Code.

(Added to NRS by 2005, 71)

NRS 484.075 Lanedhighway defined. Laned highway means a highwaywhich is divided into two or more clearly marked lanes for vehicular traffic.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1478)

NRS 484.077 Licenseto drive a motor vehicle defined. License todrive a motor vehicle means any license or permit to drive a motor vehicleissued under the laws of this State, including:

1. Any temporary license or instruction permit.

2. The privilege of any person to drive a motorvehicle whether or not such person holds a valid license.

3. Any nonresidents driving privilege.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1478)

NRS 484.079 Localauthority defined. Local authority meansthe governing board of a county, city or other political subdivision havingauthority to enact laws or ordinances or promulgate regulations relating totraffic over a highway.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1478)

NRS 484.0792 Manufacturedhome defined. Manufactured home has themeaning ascribed to it in NRS 489.113.

(Added to NRS by 1989, 798)

NRS 484.0795 Mobilehome defined.

1. Mobile home means a vehicular structure which isbuilt on a chassis or frame, is designed to be used with or without a permanentfoundation, is capable of being drawn by a motor vehicle and may be used as adwelling when connected to utilities.

2. Mobile home includes a vehicular structure asdescribed in subsection 1 which is used permanently or temporarily for theadvertising, display, promotion or sale of merchandise or services.

(Added to NRS by 1973, 448)

NRS 484.0798 Mopeddefined. Moped means a vehicle which looksand handles essentially like a bicycle and is propelled by a small engine whichproduces not more than 2 gross brake horsepower and which has a displacement ofnot more than 50 cubic centimeters, and:

1. Is designed to travel on not more than three wheelsin contact with the ground but is not a tractor; and

2. Is capable of a maximum speed of not more than 30miles per hour on a flat surface with not more than 1 percent grade in anydirection when the motor is engaged.

(Added to NRS by 1975, 1076; A 1983, 895)

NRS 484.081 Motorvehicle defined. Motor vehicle means everyvehicle which is self-propelled but not operated upon rails.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1479)

NRS 484.083 Motorcycledefined. Motorcycle means every motor vehicleequipped with a seat or saddle for the use of the driver and designed to travelon not more than three wheels in contact with the ground, including a powercycle but excluding a tractor or a moped.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1479; A 1971, 1472; 1975,1077)

NRS 484.085 Nonresidentdefined. Nonresident means every person whois not a resident of this State.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1479)

NRS 484.087 Nonresidentsdriving privilege defined. Nonresidentsdriving privilege means the privilege conferred upon a nonresident by the lawsof this State pertaining to the driving by such person of a motor vehicle, orthe use of a vehicle owned by such person, in this State.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1479)

NRS 484.089 Officialtraffic-control device defined. Officialtraffic-control device means every sign, signal, marking and device notinconsistent with this chapter or prohibited by law, placed or erected by apublic authority or railroad for the purpose of regulating, warning or guidingtraffic.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1479; A 1973, 448)

NRS 484.091 Ownerdefined. Owner means a person who holds thelegal title to a vehicle. The term includes a conditional vendee or lessee, inthe event a vehicle is the subject of an agreement for the conditional sale orlease thereof, with or without the right of purchase upon performance of theconditions stated in the agreement and with an immediate right of possessionvested in the conditional vendee or lessee. The term also includes a mortgagor,in the event of a mortgage of the vehicle, when the mortgagor of a vehicle isentitled to possession.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1479; A 1973, 448)

NRS 484.097 Parkand parking defined. Park or parkingmeans the standing of a vehicle, whether occupied or not, otherwise thantemporarily for the purpose of and while actually engaged in loading orunloading of merchandise or passengers.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1479)

NRS 484.099 Parkingmeter defined. Parking meter means a mechanicaltiming device authorized by an ordinance of a municipality to be used for thepurpose of regulating parking.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1479)

NRS 484.101 Passengercar defined. Passenger car means everymotor vehicle, except motorcycles, power cycles and motor-driven cycles,designed for carrying 10 passengers or less and used for the transportation ofpersons.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1203)

NRS 484.109 Passengercurb loading zone defined. Passenger curbloading zone means an area adjacent to a curb or edge of a highway reservedfor the exclusive use of vehicles during the loading or unloading ofpassengers.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1479)

NRS 484.111 Pedestriandefined. Pedestrian means a person afoot, aperson in a manual or motorized wheelchair, or a person on an electric personalassistive mobility device as defined in NRS482.029.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1479; A 2003, 1206)

NRS 484.1115 Personwith a disability of moderate duration defined. Personwith a disability of moderate duration has the meaning ascribed to it in NRS 482.3833.

(Added to NRS by 2003, 380)

NRS 484.112 Personwith a disability which limits or impairs the ability to walk defined. Person with a disability which limits or impairs theability to walk has the meaning ascribed to it in NRS 482.3835.

(Added to NRS by 1993, 1392)

NRS 484.1135 Personwith a permanent disability defined. Personwith a permanent disability has the meaning ascribed to it in NRS 482.3837.

(Added to NRS by 2003, 380)

NRS 484.1145 Personwith a temporary disability defined. Personwith a temporary disability has the meaning ascribed to it in NRS 482.3839.

(Added to NRS by 2003, 380)

NRS 484.116 Poletrailer defined. Pole trailer means everyvehicle without motive power designed to be drawn by another vehicle andattached to the towing vehicle by means of a reach or pole, or by being boomedor otherwise secured to the towing vehicle, and ordinarily used fortransporting long or irregularly shaped loads such as poles, pipes or structuralmembers capable, generally, of sustaining themselves as beams between thesupporting connections.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1203)

NRS 484.118 Policeofficer defined. Police officer means everyofficer authorized to direct or regulate traffic or to make arrests forviolations of traffic laws, ordinances or regulations.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1479)

NRS 484.122 Premisesto which the public has access defined.

1. Premises to which the public has access meansproperty in private or public ownership onto which members of the publicregularly enter, are reasonably likely to enter, or are invited or permitted toenter as invitees or licensees, whether or not access to the property by somemembers of the public is restricted or controlled by a person or a device.

2. The term includes, but is not limited to:

(a) A parking deck, parking garage or other parkingstructure.

(b) A paved or unpaved parking lot or other paved orunpaved area where vehicles are parked or are reasonably likely to be parked.

(c) A way that provides access to or is appurtenant to:

(1) A place of business;

(2) A governmental building;

(3) An apartment building;

(4) A mobile home park;

(5) A residential area or residential communitywhich is gated or enclosed or the access to which is restricted or controlledby a person or a device; or

(6) Any other similar area, community, buildingor structure.

3. The term does not include:

(a) A private way on a farm.

(b) The driveway of an individual dwelling.

(Added to NRS by 1983, 1065; A 1997, 325)

NRS 484.124 Privateway and driveway defined. Private way ordriveway means every way or place in private ownership and used for vehiculartravel by the owner and those having express or implied permission from theowner, but not by other persons.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1479)

NRS 484.1245 Prohibitedsubstance defined. Prohibited substance meansany of the following substances if the person who uses the substance has notbeen issued a valid prescription to use the substance and the substance isclassified in schedule I or II pursuant to NRS453.166 or 453.176 when it is used:

1. Amphetamine.

2. Cocaine or cocaine metabolite.

3. Heroin or heroin metabolite (morphine or6-monoacetyl morphine).

4. Lysergic acid diethylamide.

5. Marijuana or marijuana metabolite.

6. Methamphetamine.

7. Phencyclidine.

(Added to NRS by 1999, 3414)

NRS 484.126 Publicauthority defined. Public authority meansthe Department of Transportation or the local authority having jurisdiction toenact laws or ordinances or adopt regulations relating to traffic over ahighway.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1479; A 1979, 1801)

NRS 484.128 Railroaddefined. Railroad means a carrier of personsor property upon cars, other than streetcars, operated upon stationary rails.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1480)

NRS 484.131 Railroadsign and railroad signal defined. Railroadsign or railroad signal means any sign, signal or device erected by a publicauthority or by a railroad and intended to give notice of the presence ofrailroad tracks or the approach of a railroad train.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1480)

NRS 484.134 Railroadtrain defined. Railroad train means asteam, electric or other motor engine, with or without cars coupled thereto,operated upon stationary rails, except streetcars.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1480)

NRS 484.1342 Recreationalvehicle defined. Recreational vehicle hasthe meaning ascribed to it in NRS 482.101.

(Added to NRS by 2005, 21)

NRS 484.1345 Regulatoryagency defined. Regulatory agency means anyof the agencies granted police or enforcement powers under the provisions ofsubsection 2 of NRS 289.250, NRS 289.260, subsection 2 of NRS 289.270, NRS 289.280, subsection 3 of NRS 289.290 or NRS 289.320, 289.340, 407.065,472.040, 481.048, 501.349,565.155 or 706.8821.

(Added to NRS by 1985, 25; A 1985, 2002; 1993, 2540; 2003, 2166; 2005, 677)

NRS 484.136 Residencedistrict defined. Residence district meansthe territory contiguous to a highway not comprising a business district whenthe frontage on such for a distance of 300 feet or more is mainly occupied bydwellings or by dwellings and buildings in use for residence.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1480)

NRS 484.138 Revocationof drivers license defined. Revocation ofdrivers license means the termination by formal action of the Department of apersons license to drive a motor vehicle.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1480; A 1985, 1943)

NRS 484.141 Right-of-waydefined. Right-of-way means the right of onevehicle or pedestrian to proceed in a lawful manner in preference to another vehicleor pedestrian approaching under such circumstances of direction, speed andproximity as to give rise to danger of collision unless one grants precedenceto the other.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1480)

NRS 484.144 Roaddefined. Road means the entire width betweenthe boundary lines of every highway outside the territorial limits of a cityand open to the use of the public for purposes of vehicular traffic.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1480)

NRS 484.145 Roadwaydefined. Roadway means that portion of ahighway which is improved and ordinarily used for vehicular traffic, exclusiveof the shoulder.

(Added to NRS by 1973, 448)

NRS 484.1455 Ruralarea defined. Rural area means the area ofthe State which is not included within an urban area.

(Added to NRS by 1973, 448)

NRS 484.146 Safetyzone defined. Safety zone means the areaofficially set aside within a highway for the exclusive use of pedestrians andwhich is so plainly marked or indicated by proper signs as to be plainlyvisible at all times while set apart as a safety zone.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1480)

NRS 484.148 Schoolbus defined.

1. School bus means every motor vehicle owned by orunder the control of a public or governmental agency or a private school andregularly operated for the transportation of children to or from school or aschool activity or privately owned and regularly operated for compensation forthe transportation of children to or from school or a school activity.

2. School bus does not include a passenger caroperated under a contract to transport children to and from school, a commoncarrier or commercial vehicle under the jurisdiction of the SurfaceTransportation Board or the Transportation Services Authority when such vehicleis operated in the regular conduct of its business in interstate or intrastatecommerce within the State of Nevada.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1480; A 1997, 1619, 2007)

NRS 484.1485 Schoolcrossing zone defined. School crossing zonemeans those sections of streets not adjacent to school property that pupilscross while following a designated walking route to school.

(Added to NRS by 1993, 2586)

NRS 484.149 Schoolzone defined. School zone means thosesections of streets which are adjacent to school property.

(Added to NRS by 1993, 2586)

NRS 484.157 Securityagreement defined. Security agreement meansa written agreement which reserves or creates a security interest.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1480)

NRS 484.159 Securityinterest defined. Security interest meansan interest in a vehicle reserved or created by agreement and which securespayment or performance of an obligation. The term includes the interest of alessor under a lease intended as security. A security interest is perfectedwhen it is valid against third parties generally, subject only to specificstatutory exceptions.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1480)

NRS 484.168 Semitrailerdefined. Semitrailer means every vehicle sodesigned and used in conjunction with a motor vehicle that some part of its ownweight and that of its own load rests upon or is carried by another vehicle,except a pole trailer.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1480)

NRS 484.171 Sidewalkdefined. Sidewalk means that portion of ahighway between the curb lines or the lateral lines of a highway and theadjacent property lines intended for the use of pedestrians.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1481)

NRS 484.173 Specialmobile equipment defined.

1. Special mobile equipment means every vehicle notdesigned or used primarily for the transportation of persons or property andonly incidentally operated or moved upon a highway, including but not limitedto scoopmobiles, forklifts, ditch-digging apparatus, well-boring apparatus androad construction and maintenance machinery such as asphalt graders, bituminousmixers, bucket loaders, tractors other than truck-tractors, leveling graders,finishing machines, motor graders, road rollers, scarifiers, earth-movingcarryalls and scrapers, power shovels and draglines, and self-propelled cranesand earth-moving equipment.

2. Special mobile equipment does not include housetrailers, dump trucks, truck-mounted transit mixers, or other vehicles designedfor the transportation of persons or property to which machinery has beenattached.

3. The Director may make an individual determinationas to whether any particular vehicle, not specifically enumerated insubsections 1 and 2, is special mobile equipment as defined in this section.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1203; A 1973, 448)

NRS 484.183 Standand standing defined. Stand or standingmeans the halting of a vehicle, whether occupied or not, otherwise than for thepurpose of and while actually engaged in receiving or discharging passengers.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1481)

NRS 484.185 Stopdefined. Stop, when required, means completecessation from movement.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1481)

NRS 484.187 Stopand stopping defined. Stop or stoppingmeans, when prohibited, any halting, even momentarily, of a vehicle, whetheroccupied or not, except when necessary to avoid conflict with other traffic orin compliance with the directions of a police officer or officialtraffic-control device.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1481)

NRS 484.189 Streetdefined. Street means the entire widthbetween the boundary lines of every highway inside the territorial limits of acity when any part of such highway is open to the use of the public forpurposes of vehicular traffic.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1481)

NRS 484.1905 Tandemaxle defined. Tandem axle means any two ormore consecutive axles whose centers are more than 40 inches, but not more than96 inches apart and are individually attached to or articulated from a commonattachment to the vehicle including a connecting mechanism designed to equalizethe load between axles.

(Added to NRS by 1993, 1414)

NRS 484.191 Taxicabdefined. Taxicab means a motor vehicle designedor constructed to accommodate and transport not more than six passengers,including the driver, and used to transport passengers for a charge or fee.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1481)

NRS 484.193 Taxicabstand defined. Taxicab stand means a fixedarea in a highway parallel and adjacent to the curb or edge of the highway andset aside for taxicabs to stand for passengers.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1481)

NRS 484.194 Temporaryroadblock defined. Temporary roadblockmeans any structure, device or means used by police officers to control trafficat a place on a highway whereby vehicles may be slowed or stopped:

1. To identify the occupants of those vehicles; or

2. Because of the existence of an emergency.

(Added to NRS by 1987, 1072)

NRS 484.199 Throughhighway defined. Through highway meansevery highway or portion thereof on which vehicular traffic is given theright-of-way, and at the entrances to which vehicular traffic from intersectinghighways is required by law to yield right-of-way to vehicles on such throughhighway in obedience to either an authorized stop sign or a yield sign, orother official traffic-control device.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1481)

NRS 484.201 Towcar defined. Tow car means a motor vehiclewhich has been altered or designed and equipped for and exclusively used in thebusiness of towing vehicles by means of a crane, hoist, tow bar, towline ordolly, or is otherwise exclusively used to render assistance to other vehicles.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1481)

NRS 484.202 Towabletools or equipment defined.

1. Towable tools or equipment means all tools orequipment:

(a) Mounted on wheels;

(b) Whose body does not exceed 70 inches in width;

(c) Designed for towing by a motor vehicle; and

(d) Which is not designed or used primarily for thetransportation of persons or property, but is only incidentally operated ormoved upon a highway.

2. The term includes without limitation aircompressors, concrete mixers, arc welders, tarpots, engine hoists, concretepumps, plaster mixers, mortar mixers, grout pumps, portable conveyors,generators, log splitters, brush chippers, spray rigs, tree spades, scissorlifts, light towers, pumps, steam cleaners, sand blasters, welders, stumpgrinders, radial arm saws, sod cutters, aerators, pavement rollers, and scaffolding.

(Added to NRS by 1981, 620)

NRS 484.203 Trafficdefined. Traffic means pedestrians, riddenor herded animals, vehicles and other conveyances either singly or togetherusing any highway for purposes of travel.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1481)

NRS 484.205 Traffic-controlsignal defined. Traffic-control signalmeans any official traffic-control device, whether manually, electrically ormechanically operated, placed or erected by a public authority or railroad, bywhich traffic is alternately directed to stop or proceed.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1481; A 1973, 449)

NRS 484.207 Trailerdefined. Trailer means every vehicledesigned to be drawn by a motor vehicle and so constructed that no part of itsweight rests upon the towing vehicle, except a pole trailer.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1481)

NRS 484.209 Traveledportion of highway defined. Traveled portionof highway means that portion of a highway improved, designed or ordinarilyused for vehicular traffic, exclusive of the berm or shoulder.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1481)

NRS 484.211 Truckdefined. Truck means every motor vehiclewhich is used for the transportation or delivery of goods with a body built anddesigned for that purpose.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1481)

NRS 484.213 Truck-tractordefined. Truck-tractor means every motorvehicle designed and used primarily for drawing other vehicles and not so constructedas to carry a load other than the part of the weight of the vehicle and load sodrawn.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1203)

NRS 484.215 Two-directionalhighway defined. Two-directional highwaymeans an undivided highway upon which vehicles are allowed to proceed inopposite directions.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1482; A 1973, 449)

NRS 484.2155 Urbanarea defined. Urban area means the areaencompassed within the city limits of a city whose population is 10,000 ormore.

(Added to NRS by 1973, 448; A 1979, 555; 1989, 1931)

NRS 484.216 U-turndefined. U-turn means the turning of avehicle upon a highway so as to proceed in the opposite direction, whetheraccomplished by one continuous movement or not.

(Added to NRS by 1971, 1141)

NRS 484.217 Vehicledefined. Vehicle means every device in, uponor by which any person or property is or may be transported or drawn upon ahighway, except:

1. Devices moved by human power or used exclusivelyupon stationary rails; and

2. Electric personal assistive mobility devices asdefined in NRS 482.029.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1482; A 2003, 1206)

ACCIDENTS AND REPORTS OF ACCIDENTS

NRS 484.219 Dutyto stop at scene of accident involving death or personal injury; penalty.

1. The driver of any vehicle involved in an accidenton a highway or on premises to which the public has access resulting in bodilyinjury to or the death of a person shall immediately stop his vehicle at thescene of the accident or as close thereto as possible, and shall forthwithreturn to and in every event shall remain at the scene of the accident until hehas fulfilled the requirements of NRS484.223.

2. Every such stop must be made without obstructingtraffic more than is necessary.

3. A person failing to comply with the provisions ofsubsection 1 is guilty of a category B felony and shall be punished byimprisonment in the state prison for a minimum term of not less than 2 yearsand a maximum term of not more than 15 years and by a fine of not less than$2,000 nor more than $5,000.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1482; A 1979, 1484; 1983,1066; 1993, 2135; 1995, 1297)

NRS 484.221 Dutyto stop at scene of accident involving damage to vehicle or property. The driver of any vehicle involved in an accidentresulting only in damage to a vehicle or other property which is driven orattended by any person shall immediately stop his vehicle at the scene of theaccident or, if his vehicle is obstructing traffic, at a location as closethereto as possible that does not obstruct traffic, and shall forthwith returnto and remain at the scene of the accident until he has fulfilled therequirements of NRS 484.223.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1483; A 1997, 2798)

NRS 484.223 Dutyto give information and render aid.

1. The driver of any vehicle involved in an accidentresulting in injury to or death of any person or damage to any vehicle or otherproperty which is driven or attended by any person shall:

(a) Give his name, address and the registration numberof the vehicle he is driving, and shall upon request and if available exhibithis license to operate a motor vehicle to any person injured in such accidentor to the driver or occupant of or person attending any vehicle or otherproperty damaged in such accident;

(b) Give such information and upon request manuallysurrender such license to any police officer at the scene of the accident orwho is investigating the accident; and

(c) Render to any person injured in such accidentreasonable assistance, including the carrying, or the making of arrangementsfor the carrying, of such person to a physician, surgeon or hospital formedical or surgical treatment if it is apparent that such treatment isnecessary, or if such carrying is requested by the injured person.

2. If no police officer is present, the driver of anyvehicle involved in such accident after fulfilling all other requirements ofsubsection 1 and NRS 484.219, insofar aspossible on his part to be performed, shall forthwith report such accident tothe nearest office of a police authority or of the Nevada Highway Patrol andsubmit thereto the information specified in subsection 1.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1483)

NRS 484.225 Dutyupon damaging unattended vehicle or other property. Thedriver of any vehicle which collides with or is involved in an accident withany vehicle or other property which is unattended, resulting in any damage tosuch other vehicle or property, shall immediately stop and shall then and therelocate and notify the operator or owner of such vehicle or other property ofthe name and address of the driver and owner of the vehicle striking theunattended vehicle or other property or shall attach securely in a conspicuousplace in or on such vehicle or property a written notice giving the name andaddress of the driver and of the owner of the vehicle doing the striking.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1483)

NRS 484.227 Immediatenotice to police officer of accident involving unattended vehicle or otherproperty.

1. The driver of a vehicle which collides with or isinvolved in an accident with any vehicle or other property which is unattended,resulting in any damage to such other vehicle or property, shall immediately bythe quickest means of communication give notice of such accident to the nearestoffice of a police authority or of the Nevada Highway Patrol.

2. Whenever the driver of a vehicle is physicallyincapable of giving an immediate notice of an accident as required insubsection 1 and there was another occupant in the vehicle at the time of theaccident capable of doing so, such occupant shall make or cause to be given thenotice not given by the driver.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1483)

NRS 484.228 Seizureand impoundment of vehicle for failure to surrender license plates andcertificate of registration upon suspension of registration.

1. A peace officer at the scene of an accidentinvolving a motor vehicle shall, by radio, request that the information on filewith the Department be checked regarding the validity of the registration foreach motor vehicle involved in the accident. If he is informed that theregistration of a motor vehicle involved in the accident has been suspendedpursuant to any provision of chapter 485 ofNRS, he shall determine whether the license plates and certificate ofregistration for the motor vehicle have been surrendered as required by NRS 485.320. If the license plates andcertificate have not been surrendered, the peace officer shall:

(a) Issue a traffic citation in the manner provided in NRS 484.799 charging the registered ownerwith a violation of NRS 485.320 and 485.330; and

(b) Without a warrant, seize and take possession of themotor vehicle and cause it to be towed and impounded until the owner claims itby:

(1) Presenting proof that the vehiclesregistration has been reinstated by the Department; and

(2) Paying the cost of the towing andimpoundment.

2. Neither the peace officer nor the governmentalentity which employs him is civilly liable for any damage to the vehicle thatoccurs after the vehicle is seized, but before the towing process begins.

(Added to NRS by 1987, 319)

NRS 484.229 Writtenreport of accident to Department by driver or owner; exceptions;confidentiality; use as evidence at trial.

1. Except as otherwise provided in subsections 2, 3and 4, the driver of a vehicle which is in any manner involved in an accidenton a highway or on premises to which the public has access, if the accidentresults in bodily injury to or the death of any person or total damage to anyvehicle or item of property to an apparent extent of $750 or more, shall,within 10 days after the accident, forward a written report of the accident tothe Department. Whenever damage occurs to a motor vehicle, the operator shallattach to the accident report an estimate of repairs or a statement of thetotal loss from an established repair garage, an insurance adjuster employed byan insurer licensed to do business in this State, an adjuster licensed pursuantto chapter 684A of NRS or an appraiserlicensed pursuant to chapter 684B of NRS.The Department may require the driver or owner of the vehicle to filesupplemental written reports whenever the original report is insufficient inthe opinion of the Department.

2. A report is not required from any person if theaccident was investigated by a law enforcement agency and the report of theinvestigating officer contains:

(a) The name and address of the insurance companyproviding coverage to each person involved in the accident;

(b) The number of each policy; and

(c) The dates on which the coverage begins and ends.

3. The driver of a vehicle subject to the jurisdictionof the Surface Transportation Board or the Transportation Services Authorityneed not submit in his report the information requested pursuant to subsection3 of NRS 484.247 until the 10th day ofthe month following the month in which the accident occurred.

4. A written accident report is not required pursuantto this chapter from any person who is physically incapable of making a report,during the period of his incapacity. Whenever the driver is physicallyincapable of making a written report of an accident as required in this sectionand he is not the owner of the vehicle, the owner shall within 10 days afterknowledge of the accident make the report not made by the driver.

5. All written reports required in this section to beforwarded to the Department by drivers or owners of vehicles involved inaccidents are without prejudice to the person so reporting and are for theconfidential use of the Department or other state agencies having use of therecords for accident prevention, except that the Department may disclose to aperson involved in an accident or to his insurer the identity of another personinvolved in the accident when his identity is not otherwise known or when hedenies his presence at the accident. The Department may also disclose the nameof his insurer and the number of his policy.

6. A written report forwarded pursuant to theprovisions of this section may not be used as evidence in any trial, civil orcriminal, arising out of an accident except that the Department shall furnishupon demand of any party to such a trial, or upon demand of any court, acertificate showing that a specified accident report has or has not been madeto the Department in compliance with law, and, if the report has been made, thedate, time and location of the accident, the names and addresses of the drivers,the owners of the vehicles involved and the investigating officers. The reportmay be used as evidence when necessary to prosecute charges filed in connectionwith a violation of NRS 484.236.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1484; A 1981, 1126, 1865;1983, 1067; 1985, 1174, 1943; 1995, 2732; 1997, 1620, 2008)

NRS 484.236 Failureto report; false report; penalties.

1. If a person willfully fails, refuses or neglects tomake a report of an accident in accordance with the provisions of this chapter,his driving privilege may be suspended. Suspension action taken under thissection remains in effect for 1 year unless terminated by receipt of the reportof the accident or upon receipt of evidence that failure to report was notwillful.

2. Any person who gives information in oral or writtenreports as required in this chapter, knowing or having reason to believe thatsuch information is false, is guilty of a gross misdemeanor.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1484; A 1981, 1127)

NRS 484.238 StateRegistrar of Vital Statistics to report death to Department. The State Registrar of Vital Statistics shall on or beforethe 10th day of each month report in writing to the Department the death of anyperson resulting from a vehicle accident, giving the time and place of accidentand the circumstances relating thereto.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1484; A 1985, 1944)

NRS 484.241 Garageor repair shop to maintain record of repairs made to vehicle involved inaccident. The person in charge of any garageor repair shop to which is brought any motor vehicle which shows evidence ofhaving been involved in an accident and which is repaired in that garage orrepair shop shall maintain for 2 years a record of those repairs including the:

1. Registration number of the vehicle;

2. Vehicle identification number;

3. Color of the vehicle before the repairs;

4. Location on the vehicle of the damage repaired;

5. Total amount of the damage; and

6. Name and address of the person who requested therepairs.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1484; A 1975, 142; 1987, 685)

NRS 484.243 Policeto report to Department; report not confidential.

1. Every police officer who investigates a vehicleaccident of which a report must be made as required in this chapter, or whootherwise prepares a written report as a result of an investigation either atthe time of and at the scene of the accident or thereafter by interviewing theparticipants or witnesses, shall forward a written report of the accident tothe Department within 10 days after his investigation of the accident.

2. The written reports required to be forwarded bypolice officers and the information contained therein are not privileged orconfidential.

3. Every sheriff, chief of police or office of theNevada Highway Patrol receiving any report required under NRS 484.223 to 484.238, inclusive, shall immediatelyprepare a copy thereof and file the copy with the Department.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1485; A 1985, 1945; 1987, 685)

NRS 484.247 Formsfor report of accident.

1. The Department shall prepare and upon requestsupply to police departments, sheriffs and other appropriate agencies orpersons forms for written accident reports as required in this chapter,suitable with respect to the persons required to make the reports and thepurposes to be served. The forms must be designed to call for sufficientlydetailed information to disclose with reference to an accident the cause,conditions then existing, the persons and vehicles involved, the name and addressof the insurance company, the number of the policy providing coverage and thedates on which the coverage begins and ends.

2. The form prepared for a report to be made bypersons pursuant to NRS 484.229 mustcall for such information as is required by the Department to enable it todetermine whether the requirements for the deposit of security under chapter 485 of NRS are inapplicable. TheDepartment may rely upon the accuracy of information supplied by a driver orowner on the form unless it has reason to believe that the information iserroneous.

3. Every accident report required to be made inwriting must be made on the appropriate form approved by the Department andmust contain all the information required therein unless it is not available.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1485; A 1981, 1127; 1985,1175, 1945; 1999,3578)

NRS 484.249 Departmentto tabulate and analyze reports. The Departmentshall tabulate and analyze all accident reports received in compliance withthis chapter and shall publish annually, or at more frequent intervals,statistical information based thereon as to the number and circumstances ofvehicle accidents.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1485; A 1985, 1945)

RULES OF THE ROAD

General Duties of Drivers; Applicability and Effect ofTraffic Laws

NRS 484.253 Obedienceto police officer. It is unlawful for anyperson willfully to fail or refuse to comply with any lawful order or directionof any police officer while he is performing his duties in the enforcement ofthis chapter.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1482; A 1973, 282)

NRS 484.254 Obedienceto signal of authorized flagman; prosecution of violations; penalties.

1. It is unlawful for a driver of a vehicle to fail orrefuse to comply with any signal of an authorized flagman serving in a trafficcontrol capacity in a clearly marked area of highway construction ormaintenance.

2. A district attorney shall prosecute all violationsof subsection 1 which occur in his jurisdiction and which result in injury toany person performing highway construction or maintenance unless the districtattorney has good cause for not prosecuting the violation. In addition to anyother penalty, if a driver violates any provision of subsection 1 and theviolation results in injury to any person performing highway construction ormaintenance, or in damage to property in an amount of not less than $1,000, thedriver shall be punished by a fine of not less than $1,000 or more than $2,000,and ordered to perform 120 hours of community service.

3. A person who violates any provision of subsection 1may be subject to the additional penalty set forth in NRS 484.3667.

4. As used in this section, authorized flagmanserving in a traffic control capacity means:

(a) An employee of the Department of Transportation orof a contractor performing highway construction or maintenance for theDepartment of Transportation while he is carrying out the duties of hisemployment;

(b) An employee of any other governmental entity or ofa contractor performing highway construction or maintenance for thegovernmental entity while he is carrying out the duties of his employment; or

(c) Any other person employed by a private entityperforming highway construction or maintenance while he is carrying out theduties of his employment if the person has satisfactorily completed training asa flagman approved or recognized by the Department of Transportation.

(Added to NRS by 1975, 1024; A 1979, 1801; 2003, 3236)

NRS 484.257 Rightsand duties of person riding animal or driving vehicle drawn by animal. Every person riding an animal or driving any animal-drawnvehicle upon a highway shall be granted all of the rights and shall be subjectto all of the duties applicable to the driver of a vehicle, except thoseprovisions which by their nature can have no application.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1482)

NRS 484.259 Applicability of chapter to person,motor vehicle or other equipment engaged in work upon highway.

1. Except forthe provisions of NRS 484.379 to 484.3947, inclusive, and any provisionsmade applicable by specific statute, the provisions of this chapter do notapply to persons, teams, motor vehicles and other equipment while actuallyengaged in work upon the surface of a highway.

2. The provisions of this chapter apply to thepersons, teams, motor vehicles and other equipment described in subsection 1when traveling to or from such work.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1482; A 1973, 1323; 1983,1068; 1999, 3415;2005, 139)

NRS 484.261 Privilegesgranted to driver of authorized emergency vehicle, official vehicle ofregulatory agency or vehicle escorting funeral procession; application ofprivileges; limitation of privileges.

1. The driver of an authorized emergency vehicle or anofficial vehicle of a regulatory agency, when responding to an emergency callor when in pursuit of an actual or suspected violator of the law or whenresponding to but not upon returning from a fire alarm, or a vehicle escortinga funeral procession, may:

(a) Proceed past a red or stop signal or stop sign, butonly after slowing down as may be necessary for safe operation.

(b) Exceed any speed limits so long as he does notendanger life or property, except that a vehicle escorting a funeral processionmay not exceed the speed limit by more than 15 miles per hour to overtake theprocession and direct traffic at the next intersection.

(c) Disregard regulations governing direction ofmovement or turning in specified directions. The driver of a vehicle escortinga funeral procession may direct the movements of the vehicles in the processionin a similar manner and may direct the movements of other vehicles.

2. The privileges granted in subsection 1 apply onlywhen the vehicle is making use of:

(a) Audible and visual signals; or

(b) Visual signals only,

as requiredby law.

3. The driver of an authorized emergency vehicle or anofficial vehicle of a regulatory agency may park or stand without regard to theprovisions of this chapter if he makes use of a warning lamp.

4. The provisions of this section do not relieve thedriver from the duty to drive with due regard for the safety of all persons anddo not protect the driver from the consequences of his reckless disregard forthe safety of others.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1506; A 1985, 25, 944, 1040; 2001, 740)

NRS 484.262 Rentalagency not liable for traffic violation by user of rented vehicle. No automobile rental agency shall be liable for anytraffic violation arising out of the use of a leased or rented motor vehicleduring the period such motor vehicle is not in the possession of the agency.This section does not absolve any such agency from liability for anymisdemeanor committed by an officer, employee or agent of the agency.

(Added to NRS by 1973, 1160)

Traffic Signs, Signals and Markings

NRS 484.278 Obedienceto devices for control of traffic; placement of devices; additional penalty forviolation committed in work zone.

1. It is unlawful for any driver to disobey theinstructions of any official traffic-control device placed in accordance withthe provisions of this chapter, unless at the time otherwise directed by apolice officer.

2. No provision of this chapter for which such devicesare required may be enforced against an alleged violator if at the time andplace of the alleged violation the device is not in proper position andsufficiently legible to be seen by an ordinarily observant person. Whenever aparticular provision of this chapter does not state that such devices arerequired, the provision is effective even though no devices are erected or inplace.

3. Whenever devices are placed in positionapproximately conforming to the requirements of this chapter, such devices arepresumed to have been so placed by the official act or direction of a publicauthority, unless the contrary is established by competent evidence.

4. Any device placed pursuant to the provisions ofthis chapter and purporting to conform to the lawful requirements pertaining tosuch devices is presumed to comply with the requirements of this chapter unlessthe contrary is established by competent evidence.

5. A person who violates any provision of subsection 1may be subject to the additional penalty set forth in NRS 484.3667.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1489; A 2003, 3237)

NRS 484.283 Coloredlights and lighted arrows as signals on device for control of traffic.

1. Whenever traffic is controlled by officialtraffic-control devices exhibiting different colored lights, or colored lightedarrows, successively one at a time or in combination as declared in the manualand specifications adopted by the Department of Transportation, only the colorsgreen, yellow and red may be used, except for special pedestrian-controldevices carrying a word legend as provided in NRS484.325. The lights, arrows and combinations thereof indicate and apply todrivers of vehicles and pedestrians as provided in this section.

2. When the signal is circular green alone:

(a) Vehicular traffic facing the signal may proceedstraight through or turn right or left unless another device at the placeprohibits either or both such turns. Such vehicular traffic, including vehiclesturning right or left, must yield the right-of-way to other vehicles and topedestrians lawfully within the intersection or an adjacent crosswalk at thetime the signal is exhibited.

(b) Pedestrians facing such a signal may proceed acrossthe highway within any marked or unmarked crosswalk, unless directed otherwiseby another device as provided in NRS 484.325.

3. Where the signal is circular green with a greenturn arrow:

(a) Vehicular traffic facing the signal may proceed tomake the movement indicated by the green turn arrow or such other movement asis permitted by the circular green signal, but the traffic must yield theright-of-way to pedestrians lawfully within an adjacent crosswalk and to othertraffic lawfully using the intersection at the time the signal is exhibited.Drivers turning in the direction of the arrow when displayed with the circulargreen are thereby advised that so long as a turn arrow is illuminated, oncomingor opposing traffic simultaneously faces a steady red signal.

(b) Pedestrians facing such a signal may proceed acrossthe highway within any marked or unmarked crosswalk, unless directed otherwiseby another device as provided in NRS 484.325.

4. Where the signal is a green turn arrow alone:

(a) Vehicular traffic facing the signal may proceedonly in the direction indicated by the arrow signal so long as the arrow isilluminated, but the traffic must yield the right-of-way to pedestrianslawfully within the adjacent crosswalk and to other traffic lawfully using theintersection.

(b) Pedestrians facing such a signal shall not enterthe highway until permitted to proceed by another device as provided in NRS 484.325.

5. Where the signal is a green straight-through arrowalone:

(a) Vehicular traffic facing the signal may proceedstraight through, but must not turn right or left. Such vehicular traffic mustyield the right-of-way to other vehicles and to pedestrians lawfully within theintersection or an adjacent crosswalk at the time the signal is exhibited.

(b) Pedestrians facing such a signal may proceed acrossthe highway within the appropriate marked or unmarked crosswalk, unless directedotherwise by another device as provided in NRS484.325.

6. Where the signal is a steady yellow signal alone:

(a) Vehicular traffic facing the signal is therebywarned that the related green movement is being terminated or that a steady redindication will be exhibited immediately thereafter, and such vehicular trafficshall not enter the intersection when the red signal is exhibited.

(b) Pedestrians facing such a signal, unless otherwisedirected by another device as provided in NRS484.325, are thereby advised that there is insufficient time to cross thehighway.

7. Where the signal is a steady red signal alone:

(a) Vehicular traffic facing the signal must stopbefore entering the crosswalk on the nearest side of the intersection where thesign or pavement marking indicates where the stop must be made, or in theabsence of any such crosswalk, sign or marking, then before entering theintersection, and, except as provided in paragraph (c), must remain stopped orstanding until the green signal is shown.

(b) Pedestrians facing such a signal shall not enterthe highway, unless permitted to proceed by another device as provided in NRS 484.325.

(c) After complying with the requirement to stop, vehiculartraffic facing such a signal and situated on the extreme right of the highwaymay proceed into the intersection for a right turn only when the intersectinghighway is two-directional or one-way to the right, or vehicular traffic facingsuch a signal and situated on the extreme left of a one-way highway may proceedinto the intersection for a left turn only when the intersecting highway isone-way to the left, but must yield the right-of-way to pedestrians and othertraffic proceeding as directed by the signal at the intersection.

(d) Vehicular traffic facing the signal may not proceedon or through any private or public property to enter the intersecting streetwhere traffic is not facing a red signal to avoid the red signal.

8. Where the signal is a steady red with a green turnarrow:

(a) Vehicular traffic facing the signal may enter theintersection only to make the movement indicated by the green turn arrow, butmust yield the right-of-way to pedestrians lawfully within an adjacentcrosswalk and to other traffic lawfully using the intersection. Drivers turningin the direction of the arrow are thereby advised that so long as the turnarrow is illuminated, oncoming or opposing traffic simultaneously faces asteady red signal.

(b) Pedestrians facing such a signal shall not enterthe highway, unless permitted to proceed by another device as provided in NRS 484.325.

9. If a signal is erected and maintained at a placeother than an intersection, the provisions of this section are applicableexcept as to those provisions which by their nature can have no application.Any stop required must be made at a sign or pavement marking indicating wherethe stop must be made, but in the absence of any such device the stop must bemade at the signal.

10. Whenever signals are placed over the individuallanes of a highway, the signals indicate, and apply to drivers of vehicles, asfollows:

(a) A downward-pointing green arrow means that a driverfacing the signal may drive in any lane over which the green signal is shown.

(b) A red X symbol means a driver facing the signalmust not enter or drive in any lane over which the red signal is shown.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1490; A 1973, 1323; 1979,1802; 1981, 864)

NRS 484.285 Flashingsignals. Whenever an illuminated flashing redor yellow signal is used in conjunction with an official traffic-controldevice, it shall require obedience by vehicular traffic as follows:

1. When a red lens is illuminated with rapidintermittent flashes, drivers of vehicles shall stop before entering thenearest crosswalk in an intersection or at a limit line when marked, or, ifnone, then before entering the intersection, and the right to proceed shall besubject to the rules applicable after making a required stop.

2. When a yellow lens is illuminated with rapidintermittent flashes, drivers of vehicles may proceed past such signal andthrough the intersection or other hazardous location only with caution.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1492)

NRS 484.287 Displayof unauthorized signs, signals or markings; removal as public nuisance;exceptions; use of advertising revenues to repay bonds.

1. It is unlawful for any person to place, maintain ordisplay upon or in view of any highway any unauthorized sign, signal, markingor device which purports to be or is an imitation of or resembles an officialtraffic-control device or railroad sign or signal, or which attempts to directthe movement of traffic, or which hides from view or interferes with theeffectiveness of any such device, sign or signal, and except as otherwiseprovided in subsection 4, a person shall not place or maintain nor may anypublic authority permit upon any highway any sign, signal or marking bearingthereon any commercial advertising except on benches and shelters forpassengers of public mass transportation for which a franchise has been grantedpursuant to NRS 244.187 and 244.188, 268.081and 268.083, 269.128 and 269.129, or 373.1183, or on monorail stations.

2. Every such prohibited sign, signal or marking ishereby declared to be a public nuisance, and the proper public authority mayremove the same or cause it to be removed without notice.

3. This section does not prohibit the erection uponprivate property adjacent to highways of signs giving useful directionalinformation and of a type that cannot be mistaken for official traffic-controldevices.

4. A person may place and maintain commercialadvertising in an airspace above a highway under the conditions specifiedpursuant to subsection 3 of NRS 405.110,and a public authority may permit commercial advertising that has been placedin an airspace above a highway under the conditions specified pursuant tosubsection 3 of NRS 405.110.

5. If a franchisee receives revenues from commercialadvertising authorized by subsection 1 and the franchisee is obligated to repaya bond issued by the State of Nevada, the franchisee shall use all revenuegenerated by the advertising authorized by subsection 1 to meet its obligationsto the State of Nevada as set forth in the financing agreement and bondindenture, including, without limitation, the payment of operations andmaintenance obligations, the funding of reserves and the payment of debtservice. To the extent that any surplus revenue remains after the payment ofall such obligations, the surplus revenue must be used solely to repay the bonduntil the bond is repaid.

6. As used in this section, monorail station means:

(a) A structure for the loading and unloading ofpassengers from a monorail for which a franchise has been granted pursuant to NRS 705.695 or an agreement has beenentered into pursuant to NRS 705.695;and

(b) Any facilities or appurtenances within such astructure.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1492; A 1989, 996; 1999, 1261; 2001, 848; 2003, 3237; 2005, 2315)

NRS 484.289 Interferencewith official device for control of traffic or sign or signal for railroadprohibited; additional penalty for violation committed in work zone.

1. A person shall not, without lawful authority,attempt to or alter, deface, injure, knock down or remove any officialtraffic-control device or any railroad sign or signal or any inscription,shield or insigne thereon, or any other part thereof.

2. A person who violates any provision of this sectionmay be subject to the additional penalty set forth in NRS 484.3667.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1492; A 2003, 3238)

NRS 484.2895 Devicesand mechanisms capable of interfering with or altering signal oftraffic-control signal: General prohibition against operating and selling;seizure by police; presence in or on vehicle as prima facie evidence ofviolation; penalty; exceptions for providers of mass transit and response agencies.

1. Except as otherwise provided in this section:

(a) A person shall not operate a vehicle on thehighways of this State if the vehicle is equipped with any device or mechanism,including, without limitation, a mobile transmitter, that is capable of interferingwith or altering the signal of a traffic-control signal.

(b) A person shall not operate any device or mechanism,including, without limitation, a mobile transmitter, that is capable ofinterfering with or altering the signal of a traffic-control signal.

2. Except as otherwise provided in this subsection, aperson shall not in this State sell or offer for sale any device or mechanism,including, without limitation, a mobile transmitter, that is capable ofinterfering with or altering the signal of a traffic-control signal. Theprovisions of this subsection do not prohibit a person from selling or offeringfor sale:

(a) To a provider of mass transit, a signalprioritization device; or

(b) To a response agency, a signal preemption device ora signal prioritization device, or both.

3. A police officer:

(a) Shall, without a warrant, seize any device ormechanism, including, without limitation, a mobile transmitter, that is capableof interfering with or altering the signal of a traffic-control signal; or

(b) May, without a warrant, seize and take possessionof a vehicle equipped with any device or mechanism that is capable ofinterfering with or altering the signal of a traffic-control signal, including,without limitation, a mobile transmitter, if the device or mechanism cannot beremoved from the motor vehicle by the police officer, and may cause the vehicleto be towed and impounded until:

(1) The device or mechanism is removed from thevehicle; and

(2) The owner claims the vehicle by paying thecost of the towing and impoundment.

4. Neither the police officer nor the governmentalentity which employs him is civilly liable for any damage to a vehicle seizedpursuant to the provisions of paragraph (b) of subsection 3 that occurs afterthe vehicle is seized but before the towing process begins.

5. Except as otherwise provided in subsection 8, thepresence of any device or mechanism, including, without limitation, a mobiletransmitter, that is capable of interfering with or altering the signal of atraffic-control signal in or on a vehicle on the highways of this Stateconstitutes prima facie evidence of a violation of this section. The State neednot prove that the device or mechanism in question was in an operativecondition or being operated.

6. A person who violates the provisions of subsection1 or 2 is guilty of a misdemeanor.

7. A provider of mass transit shall not operate orcause to be operated a signal prioritization device in such a manner as toimpede or interfere with the use by response agencies of signal preemptiondevices.

8. The provisionsof this section do not:

(a) Except as otherwise provided in subsection 7,prohibit a provider of mass transit from acquiring, possessing or operating asignal prioritization device.

(b) Prohibit a response agency from acquiring,possessing or operating a signal preemption device or a signal prioritizationdevice, or both.

9. As used in this section:

(a) Mobile transmitter means a device or mechanismthat is:

(1) Portable, installed within a vehicle orcapable of being installed within a vehicle; and

(2) Designed to affect or alter, through theemission or transmission of sound, infrared light, strobe light or any otheraudible, visual or electronic method, the normal operation of a traffic-controlsignal.

The termincludes, without limitation, a signal preemption device and a signalprioritization device.

(b) Provider of mass transit means a governmentalentity or a contractor of a governmental entity which operates, in whole or inpart:

(1) A public transit system, as that term isdefined in NRS 377A.016; or

(2) A system of public transportation referredto in NRS 373.1165.

(c) Response agency means an agency of this State orof a political subdivision of this State that provides services related to lawenforcement, firefighting, emergency medical care or public safety. The termincludes a nonprofit organization or private company that, as authorizedpursuant to chapter 450B of NRS:

(1) Provides ambulance service; or

(2) Provides intermediate or advanced medicalcare to sick or injured persons at the scene of an emergency or whiletransporting those persons to a medical facility.

(d) Signal preemption device means a mobiletransmitter that, when activated and when a vehicle equipped with such a deviceapproaches an intersection controlled by a traffic-control signal, causes:

(1) The signal, in the direction of travel ofthe vehicle, to remain green if the signal is already displaying a green light;

(2) The signal, in the direction of travel ofthe vehicle, to change from red to green if the signal is displaying a redlight;

(3) The signal, in other directions of travel,to remain red or change to red, as applicable, to prevent other vehicles fromentering the intersection; and

(4) The applicable functions described in subparagraphs(1), (2) and (3) to continue until such time as the vehicle equipped with thedevice is clear of the intersection.

(e) Signal prioritization device means a mobiletransmitter that, when activated and when a vehicle equipped with such a deviceapproaches an intersection controlled by a traffic-control signal, causes:

(1) The signal, in the direction of travel ofthe vehicle, to display a green light a few seconds sooner than the green lightwould otherwise be displayed;

(2) The signal, in the direction of travel ofthe vehicle, to display a green light for a few seconds longer than the greenlight would otherwise be displayed; or

(3) The functions described in bothsubparagraphs (1) and (2).

(f) Traffic-control signal means a traffic-controlsignal, as defined in NRS 484.205, whichis capable of receiving and responding to an emission or transmission from amobile transmitter.

(Added to NRS by 2005, 936)

Driving on Right Side of Highway; Overtaking and Passing;Use of Highway

NRS 484.291 Drivingon right half of highway required; exceptions; additional penalty for violationcommitted in work zone.

1. Upon all highways of sufficient width a vehiclemust be driven upon the right half of the highway, except as follows:

(a) When overtaking and passing another vehicleproceeding in the same direction under the laws governing such movements;

(b) When the right half of the highway is closed totraffic;

(c) Upon a highway divided into three lanes for trafficunder the laws applicable thereon;

(d) Upon a highway designated and posted for one-waytraffic; or

(e) When the highway is not of sufficient width.

2. A person who violates any provision of this sectionmay be subject to the additional penalty set forth in NRS 484.3667.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1498; A 2003, 3238)

NRS 484.293 Duties of drivers passing vehicles proceeding in opposite directions; additionalpenalty for violation committed in work zone.

1. Drivers of vehicles proceeding in oppositedirections shall pass each other keeping to the right, and upon highways havingwidth for not more than one line of traffic in each direction, each drivershall give to the other at least one-half of the paved portion of the highwayas nearly as possible.

2. A person who violates any provision of this sectionmay be subject to the additional penalty set forth in NRS 484.3667.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1499; A 2003, 3238)

NRS 484.295 Overtakingvehicle on left side: Duties of drivers of overtaking and overtaken vehicle;additional penalty for violation committed in work zone.

1. The driver of a vehicle overtaking another vehicleproceeding in the same direction shall pass to the left thereof at a safedistance and shall not again drive to the right side of the highway untilsafely clear of the overtaken vehicle.

2. Except when overtaking and passing on the right ispermitted, the driver of an overtaken vehicle shall give way to the right infavor of the overtaking vehicle upon observing the overtaking vehicle orhearing a signal. The driver of an overtaken vehicle shall not increase thespeed of his vehicle until completely passed by the overtaking vehicle.

3. A person who violates any provision of this sectionmay be subject to the additional penalty set forth in NRS 484.3667.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1499; A 1973, 1325; 2003, 3239)

NRS 484.297 Whenovertaking on right side allowed; additional penalty for violation committed inwork zone.

1. The driver of a vehicle may overtake and pass uponthe right of another vehicle only under the following conditions:

(a) When the driver of the vehicle overtaken is makingor signaling to make a left turn.

(b) Upon a highway with unobstructed pavement, notoccupied by parked vehicles, of sufficient width for two or more lines ofmoving vehicles in each direction.

(c) Upon any highway on which traffic is restricted toone direction of movement, where the highway is free from obstructions and ofsufficient width for two or more lines of moving vehicles.

2. The driver of a vehicle may overtake and passanother vehicle upon the right only under conditions permitting such movementin safety.

3. The driver of a vehicle shall not overtake and passanother vehicle upon the right when such movement requires driving off thepaved portion of the highway.

4. A person who violates any provision of this sectionmay be subject to the additional penalty set forth in NRS 484.3667.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1499; A 2003, 3239)

NRS 484.299 Limitationson overtaking on left side; additional penalty for violation committed in workzone.

1. A vehicle must not be driven to the left side ofthe center of a two-lane, two-directional highway and overtaking and passinganother vehicle proceeding in the same direction, unless such left side isclearly visible and is free of oncoming traffic for a sufficient distance aheadto permit such overtaking and passing to be completely made without interferingwith the safe operation of any vehicle approaching from the opposite directionor any vehicle overtaken.

2. A vehicle must not be driven to the left side ofthe highway at any time:

(a) When approaching the crest of a grade or upon acurve in the highway where the drivers view is obstructed within such distanceas to create a hazard in the event another vehicle might approach from theopposite direction.

(b) When approaching within 100 feet or traversing anyintersection or railroad grade crossing.

(c) When the view is obstructed upon approaching within100 feet of any bridge, viaduct or tunnel.

3. Subsection 2 does not apply upon a one-way highway.

4. A person who violates any provision of this sectionmay be subject to the additional penalty set forth in NRS 484.3667.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1499; A 2003, 3239)

NRS 484.301 Zonesin which overtaking on left side or making left-hand turn prohibited;exceptions; additional penalty for violation committed in work zone.

1. The Department of Transportation with respect tohighways constructed under the authority of chapter408 of NRS, and local authorities with respect to highways under theirjurisdiction, may determine those zones of highways where overtaking andpassing to the left or making a left-hand turn would be hazardous, and may bythe erection of official traffic-control devices indicate such zones. When suchdevices are in place and clearly visible to an ordinarily observant person,every driver of a vehicle shall obey the directions thereof.

2. Except as otherwise provided in subsections 3 and4, a driver shall not drive on the left side of the highway within such zone ordrive across or on the left side of any pavement striping designed to mark suchzone throughout its length.

3. A driver may drive across a pavement stripingmarking such zone to an adjoining highway if he has first given the appropriateturn signal and there will be no impediment to oncoming or following traffic.

4. Except where otherwise provided, a driver may driveacross a pavement striping marking such a zone to make a left-hand turn if hehas first given the appropriate turn signal in compliance with NRS 484.343, if it is safe and if it wouldnot be an impediment to oncoming or following traffic.

5. A person who violates any provision of this sectionmay be subject to the additional penalty set forth in NRS 484.3667.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1489; A 1973, 1325; 1979,1804; 2003, 3240)

NRS 484.303 One-wayhighway; rotary traffic island.

1. Upon a highway designated and signposted forone-way traffic a vehicle shall be driven only in the direction designated.

2. A vehicle passing around a rotary traffic islandshall be driven only to the right of such island.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1500)

NRS 484.305 Drivingon highway having multiple marked lanes for traffic; additional penalty forviolation committed in work zone.

1. If a highway has two or more clearly marked lanesfor traffic traveling in one direction, vehicles must:

(a) Be driven as nearly as practicable entirely withina single lane; and

(b) Not be moved from that lane until the driver has giventhe appropriate turn signal and ascertained that such movement can be made withsafety.

2. Upon a highway which has been divided into threeclearly marked lanes, a vehicle must not be driven in the extreme left lane atany time. A vehicle on such a highway must not be driven in the center laneexcept:

(a) When overtaking and passing another vehicle wherethe highway is clearly visible and the center lane is clear of traffic for asafe distance;

(b) In preparation for a left turn; or

(c) When the center lane is allocated exclusively totraffic moving in the direction in which the vehicle is proceeding and a signis posted to give notice of such allocation.

3. If a highway has been designed to provide a singlecenter lane to be used only for turning by traffic moving in both directions,the following rules apply:

(a) A vehicle may be driven in the center turn laneonly for the purpose of making a left-hand turn onto or from the highway.

(b) A vehicle must not travel more than 200 feet in acenter turn lane before making a left-hand turn from the highway.

(c) A vehicle must not travel more than 50 feet in acenter turn lane after making a left-hand turn onto the highway before mergingwith traffic.

4. If a highway has been designed to provide a singleright lane to be used only for turning, a vehicle must:

(a) Be driven in the right turn lane only for thepurpose of making a right turn; and

(b) While being driven in the right turn lane, nottravel through an intersection.

5. A person who violates any provision of this sectionmay be subject to the additional penalty set forth in NRS 484.3667.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1500; A 1973, 1326; 1999, 1664; 2003, 3240; 2005, 309)

NRS 484.307 Followingtoo closely.

1. The driver of a vehicle shall not follow anothervehicle more closely than is reasonable and prudent, having due regard for thespeed of such vehicles and the traffic upon and the condition of the highway.

2. The driver of any truck or combination of vehicles80 inches or more in overall width, which is following a truck, or combinationof vehicles 80 inches or more in overall width, shall, whenever conditionspermit, leave a space of 500 feet so that an overtaking vehicle may enter andoccupy such space without danger, but this shall not prevent a truck orcombination of vehicles from overtaking and passing any vehicle or combinationof vehicles. This subsection does not apply to any vehicle or combination ofvehicles while moving on a highway on which there are two or more lanesavailable for traffic moving in the same direction.

3. Motor vehicles being driven upon any highwayoutside of a business district in a caravan or motorcade, whether or not towingother vehicles, shall be operated to allow sufficient space between each suchvehicle or combination of vehicles so as to enable any other vehicle orcombination of vehicles to enter and occupy such space without danger.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1489)

NRS 484.309 Drivingon divided highway: Prohibited turns; additional penalty for violationcommitted in work zone.

1. Every vehicle driven upon a divided highway must bedriven only upon the right-hand roadway and must not be driven over, across orwithin any dividing space, barrier or section or make any left turn,semicircular turn or U-turn, except through an opening in the barrier ordividing section or space or at a crossover or intersection established by apublic authority.

2. A person who violates any provision of this sectionmay be subject to the additional penalty set forth in NRS 484.3667.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1500; A 1973, 449; 2003, 3241)

NRS 484.311 Restrictedaccess onto or from controlled-access highway; additional penalty for violationcommitted in work zone.

1. When official traffic-control devices are erectedgiving notice thereof, a person shall not drive a vehicle onto or from any controlled-accesshighway except at those entrances and exits which are indicated by suchdevices.

2. A person who violates any provision of this sectionmay be subject to the additional penalty set forth in NRS 484.3667.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1500; A 2003, 3241)

NRS 484.312 Carpoollanes: Authority of Department of Transportation to designate; duties of Department;prohibited use; penalty; regulations.

1. The Department of Transportation, with respect tohighways under its jurisdiction, may designate a lane on a highway for thepreferential or exclusive use of high-occupancy vehicles.

2. The Department of Transportation shall, for eachlane that it designates pursuant to this section for the use of high-occupancyvehicles:

(a) Determine the conditions for use of the lane,including, without limitation:

(1) The number of occupants required per vehicle;and

(2) The hours of the day that the use of thelane is restricted.

(b) Place and maintain signs and other officialtraffic-control devices that:

(1) Identify the lane as designated for the useof high-occupancy vehicles; and

(2) Advise operators of vehicles of the requiredconditions for the use of the lane.

3. A person shall not operate a vehicle in a lanedesignated for the use of high-occupancy vehicles except in conformity with theestablished conditions which are placed and maintained on signs and otherofficial traffic-control devices pursuant to subsection 2 or established byregulation.

4. A person who violates subsection 3 is guilty of amisdemeanor and shall be fined $250 for each offense.

5. The Department of Transportation may adoptregulations necessary to carry out the provisions of this section.

6. As used in this section, high-occupancy vehiclemeans:

(a) A vehicle that is transporting more than oneperson;

(b) A motorcycle, regardless of the number ofpassengers;

(c) A bus, regardless of the number of passengers; and

(d) Any other vehicle designated by regulation.

(Added to NRS by 2005, 72)

NRS 484.313 Restrictionson use of controlled-access highway; penalty.

1. The Department of Transportation or a localauthority, after considering the advice of the Nevada Bicycle Advisory Board,may with respect to any controlled-access highway under its jurisdiction:

(a) Require a permit for the use of the highway bypedestrians, bicycles or other nonmotorized traffic or by any person operatinga power cycle; or

(b) If it determines that the use of the highway forsuch a purpose would not be safe, prohibit the use of the highway bypedestrians, bicycles or other nonmotorized traffic or by any person operatinga power cycle.

2. Any person who violates any prohibition orrestriction enacted pursuant to subsection 1 is guilty of a misdemeanor.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1500; A 1979, 1804; 1987,1103; 1991, 2229)

Right-of-Way

NRS 484.315 Vehicleapproaching or entering intersection.

1. The driver of a vehicle approaching an intersectionshall yield the right-of-way to a vehicle which has entered the intersectionfrom a different highway.

2. When two vehicles enter an intersection fromdifferent highways at approximately the same time, the driver of the vehicle onthe left shall yield the right-of-way to the vehicle on the right.

3. When two vehicles enter an intersection atapproximately the same time, one vehicle traveling on a highway which ends atthe intersection and the other vehicle traveling on a through highway, thedriver of the vehicle on the highway which ends at the intersection shall yieldthe right-of-way to the other vehicle.

4. When a vehicle enters an intersection controlled bya traffic-control signal which is installed and has its vehicular signalsuncovered, but is inoperative at the time the vehicle enters the intersection,the driver of the vehicle shall proceed as if a stop sign had been erected ateach entrance to the intersection and shall stop at a clearly marked stop lineor, if there is none, before entering the crosswalk on the near side of theintersection or, if there is none, at the point nearest the intersection wherethe driver has a view of approaching traffic on the through highway. Aftermaking such a stop, the driver shall proceed cautiously, yielding to vehicleswhich have previously completed a stop or are within the intersection.

5. Except as otherwise provided in subsection 4, thissection does not apply at intersections controlled by official traffic-controldevices or to vehicles approaching each other from opposite directions, whenthe driver of one of the vehicles is intending to or is making a left turn.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1497; A 1981, 866; 1993, 33)

NRS 484.317 Vehicleturning left. The driver of a vehicle withinan intersection intending to turn to the left shall yield the right-of-way toany vehicle approaching from the opposite direction which is within theintersection or so close thereto as to constitute an immediate hazard, but suchdriver, having so yielded and having given a signal when and as required, maymake such left turn and the drivers of all other vehicles approaching theintersection from the opposite direction shall yield the right-of-way to thevehicle making the left turn.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1497; A 1973, 1326)

NRS 484.319 Vehicleentering intersection marked stop or yield. Exceptwhen traffic is being controlled by a police officer or a traffic-controlsignal:

1. When proper signs have been erected, the driver ofa vehicle shall stop or yield at a clearly marked stop line or, if there isnone, before entering the crosswalk on the near side of the intersection or, ifthere is none, then at the point nearest the intersection where the driver hasa view of approaching traffic on the through highway. After having stopped or,in the event of a yield sign, slowed or stopped, the driver shall yield theright-of-way to other vehicles which have entered the intersection from suchthrough highway or which are approaching so closely on such through highway asto constitute an immediate hazard during the time such driver is moving acrossor within the intersection.

2. The driver of a vehicle shall stop in obedience toa stop sign or yield in compliance with a yield sign, in compliance with themanner prescribed in subsection 1, prior to entering an intersection if a stopsign or a yield sign is erected at one or more entrances thereto although not apart of a through highway and shall proceed cautiously, yielding to vehiclesnot so obligated to stop or yield and which are within the intersection orapproaching so closely as to constitute an immediate hazard during the timesuch driver is moving across or within the intersection.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1496; A 1973, 1326)

NRS 484.321 Vehicleentering highway from private way. The driverof a vehicle about to enter or cross a highway from a private way shall yieldthe right-of-way to all vehicles approaching on such highway.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1497)

NRS 484.322 Vehicleentering or exiting controlled-access highway: Duty to yield right-of-way. The driver of a vehicle about to enter or exit acontrolled-access highway shall yield the right-of-way to all vehiclesapproaching on the highway whose proximity constitutes an immediate hazard andshall continue to yield the right-of-way to that traffic until the driver mayproceed with reasonable safety.

(Added to NRS by 1981, 863; A 1993, 1445; 2003, 350)

NRS 484.323 Operationof vehicle on approach of authorized emergency vehicle or official vehicle ofregulatory agency. Upon the immediate approachof an authorized emergency vehicle or an official vehicle of a regulatoryagency, making use of flashing lights meeting the requirements of subsection 3of NRS 484.787, the driver of everyother vehicle shall yield the right-of-way and shall immediately drive to aposition parallel to, and as close as possible to, the right-hand edge or curbof a highway clear of any intersection and shall stop and remain in suchposition until the authorized emergency vehicle or official vehicle has passed,except when otherwise directed by a police officer.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1495; A 1985, 26; 1993, 1445;1995, 577)

NRS 484.324 Vehiclesand bicycles.

1. The driver of a motor vehicle shall not:

(a) Intentionally interfere with the movement of aperson lawfully riding a bicycle; or

(b) Overtake and pass a person riding a bicycle unlesshe can do so safely without endangering the person riding the bicycle.

2. The driver of a motor vehicle shall yield theright-of-way to any person riding a bicycle on the pathway or lane. The driverof a motor vehicle shall not enter, stop, stand, park or drive within a pathwayor lane provided for bicycles except:

(a) When entering or exiting an alley or driveway;

(b) When operating or parking a disabled vehicle;

(c) To avoid conflict with other traffic;

(d) In the performance of official duties;

(e) In compliance with the directions of a policeofficer; or

(f ) In anemergency.

3. Except as otherwise provided in subsection 2, thedriver of a motor vehicle shall not enter or proceed through an intersectionwhile driving within a pathway or lane provided for bicycles.

4. The driver of a motor vehicle shall:

(a) Exercise due care to avoid a collision with aperson riding a bicycle; and

(b) Give an audible warning with the horn of thevehicle if appropriate and when necessary to avoid such a collision.

5. The operator of a bicycle shall not:

(a) Intentionally interfere with the movement of amotor vehicle; or

(b) Overtake and pass a motor vehicle unless he can doso safely without endangering himself or the occupants of the motor vehicle.

(Added to NRS by 1991, 2228; A 1997, 739; 1999, 1664)

Pedestrians

NRS 484.3245 Dutiesof driver of motor vehicle to pedestrian. Adriver of a motor vehicle shall:

1. Exercise due care to avoid a collision with apedestrian;

2. Give an audible warning with the horn of thevehicle if appropriate and when necessary to avoid such a collision; and

3. Exercise proper caution upon observing a pedestrianon or near a highway, street or road or in or near a school crossing zonemarked in accordance with NRS 484.366 ora marked or unmarked crosswalk.

(Added to NRS by 1997, 739)

NRS 484.325 Right-of-wayin crosswalk; obedience to signals and other devices for control of traffic. Except as otherwise provided in NRS 484.327, 484.328 and 484.356:

1. When official traffic-control devices are not inplace or not in operation the driver of a vehicle shall yield the right-of-way,slowing down or stopping if need be so to yield, to a pedestrian crossing thehighway within a crosswalk when the pedestrian is upon the half of the highwayupon which the vehicle is traveling, or when the pedestrian is approaching soclosely from the opposite half of the highway as to be in danger.

2. A pedestrian shall not suddenly leave a curb orother place of safety and walk or run into the path of a vehicle which is soclose that it is impossible for the driver to yield.

3. Whenever a vehicle is stopped at a marked crosswalkor at an unmarked crosswalk at an intersection, the driver of any other vehicleapproaching from the rear shall not overtake and pass the stopped vehicle untilthe driver has determined that the vehicle being overtaken was not stopped forthe purpose of permitting a pedestrian to cross the highway.

4. Whenever signals exhibiting the words Walk orDont Walk are in place, such signals indicate as follows:

(a) While the Walk indication is illuminated,pedestrians facing the signal may proceed across the highway in the directionof the signal and must be given the right-of-way by the drivers of allvehicles.

(b) While the Dont Walk indication is illuminated,either steady or flashing, a pedestrian shall not start to cross the highway inthe direction of the signal, but any pedestrian who has partially completed hiscrossing during the Walk indication shall proceed to a sidewalk, or to asafety zone if one is provided.

(c) Whenever the word Wait still appears in a signal,the indication has the same meaning as assigned in this section to the DontWalk indication.

(d) Whenever a signal system provides a signal phasefor the stopping of all vehicular traffic and the exclusive movement ofpedestrians, and Walk and Dont Walk indications control pedestrianmovement, pedestrians may cross in any direction between corners of theintersection offering the shortest route within the boundaries of theintersection when the Walk indication is exhibited, and when signals andother official traffic-control devices direct pedestrian movement in the mannerprovided in this section and in NRS 484.283.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1492; A 1981, 669, 1918; 2003, 364)

NRS 484.327 Crossingother than at crosswalk. Except as provided inNRS 484.328:

1. Every pedestrian crossing a highway at any pointother than within a marked crosswalk or within an unmarked crosswalk at anintersection shall yield the right-of-way to all vehicles upon the highway.

2. Any pedestrian crossing a highway at a point wherea pedestrian tunnel or overhead pedestrian crossing has been provided shallyield the right-of-way to all vehicles upon the highway.

3. Between adjacent intersections at which officialtraffic-control devices are in operation pedestrians shall not cross at anyplace except in a marked crosswalk.

4. A pedestrian shall not cross an intersection diagonallyunless authorized by official traffic-control devices.

5. When authorized to cross diagonally, pedestriansshall cross only in accordance with the official traffic-control devicespertaining to such crossing movements.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1493; A 1981, 670, 1919)

NRS 484.328 Right-of-wayof blind person; penalty.

1. A blind person who is on foot and using a serviceanimal or carrying a cane or walking stick white in color, or white tipped withred, has the right-of-way when entering or when on a highway, street or road ofthis State. Any driver of a vehicle who approaches or encounters such a blindperson shall yield the right-of-way, come to a full stop, if necessary, andtake precautions before proceeding to avoid accident or injury to the blindperson.

2. Any person who violates subsection 1 shall bepunished by imprisonment in the county jail for not more than 6 months or by afine of not less than $100 nor more than $500, or by both fine andimprisonment.

(Added to NRS by 1981, 669; A 1995, 1993; 2005, 631)

NRS 484.329 Useof right half of crosswalk. Pedestrians shallmove whenever practicable upon the right half of crosswalks.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1493)

NRS 484.331 Walkingalong and upon highways; solicitation of ride, business or contribution fromdriver or occupant of vehicle; presence of intoxicated pedestrian withintraveled portion of highway; applicability to riders of animals; criminalpenalty.

1. Where sidewalks are provided, it is unlawful forany pedestrian to walk along and upon an adjacent highway.

2. Pedestrians walking along highways where sidewalksare not provided shall walk on the left side of those highways facing theapproaching traffic.

3. A person shall not stand in a highway to solicit aride or any business from the driver or any occupant of a vehicle. A personshall not, without a permit issued pursuant to NRS 244.3555 or 268.423, solicit any contribution from thedriver or any occupant of a vehicle.

4. It is unlawful for any pedestrian who is under theinfluence of intoxicating liquors or any narcotic or stupefying drug to bewithin the traveled portion of any highway.

5. The provisions of this section apply to riders ofanimals, except that the provisions of subsections 1, 2 and 3 do not apply to apeace officer who rides an animal while performing his duties as a peaceofficer.

6. A person who violates the provisions of thissection is guilty of a misdemeanor.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1493; A 1991, 143; 2001, 997)

Turning and Starting and Signals on Stopping and Turning

NRS 484.333 Requiredposition and method of turning at intersections. Ifthe driver of a vehicle intends to turn at an intersection and:

1. The turn is a right turn, both the approach for theright turn and the right turn must be made from the right turn lane if thehighway has a right turn lane as set forth in subsection 4 of NRS 484.305, or must be made from theextreme right lane.

2. Both intersecting highways are two-directional:

(a) The approach for a left turn must be made in thatportion of the right half of the highway nearest the centerline thereof;

(b) After entering the intersection, the left turn mustbe made so as to leave the intersection to the right of the centerline of thehighway being entered; and

(c) Except as otherwise directed by officialtraffic-control devices, simultaneous left turns by opposing traffic must bemade in front of each other.

3. The turn is a left turn from a two-directionalhighway onto a one-way highway, the approach for the left turn must be made inthat portion of the right half of the highway nearest the centerline thereof,and the turn must be made by turning from the right of the centerline where itenters the intersection as close as practicable to the left-hand curb of theone-way highway.

4. The turn is a left turn from a one-way highway ontoa two-directional highway, the left turn must be made by passing to the rightof the centerline of the highway being entered upon leaving the intersection,and the approach for the left turn must be made as close as practicable to theleft-hand curb of the one-way highway.

5. The turn is a left turn where both intersectinghighways are one-way, both the approach for the left turn and the left turnmust be made as close as practicable to the left-hand curb or edge of thehighway.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1497; A 1999, 1665)

NRS 484.335 Disobedienceof directions of device for control of traffic unlawful; additional penalty forviolation committed in work zone.

1. Whenever official traffic-control devices areerected indicating that no right or left turn is permitted, it is unlawful forany driver of a vehicle to disobey the directions of any such devices.

2. A person who violates any provision of this sectionmay be subject to the additional penalty set forth in NRS 484.3667.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1498; A 2003, 3241)

NRS 484.337 Allowed and prohibited U-turns; additional penalty for violation committed in workzone.

1. A U-turn may be made on any road where the turn canbe made with safety, except as prohibited by this section and by the provisionsof NRS 484.309 and 484.339.

2. If an official traffic-control device indicatesthat a U-turn is prohibited, the driver shall obey the directions of thedevice.

3. The driver of a vehicle shall not make a U-turn ina business district, except at an intersection or on a divided highway where anappropriate opening or crossing place exists.

4. Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of thissection, local authorities and the Department of Transportation may prohibitU-turns at any location within their respective jurisdictions.

5. A person who violates any provision of this sectionmay be subject to the additional penalty set forth in NRS 484.3667.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1498; A 1971, 1142; 1991, 247;2003, 3241)

NRS 484.339 Turningon curve or crest of grade prohibited. Avehicle shall not be turned so as to proceed in the opposite direction upon anycurve, or upon the approach to or near the crest of a grade, where such vehiclecannot be seen by the driver of any other vehicle approaching from eitherdirection within 500 feet.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1489)

NRS 484.341 Startingparked vehicle. A person, except whenstopping, standing or parking where no parking is permitted, shall not start avehicle which is stopped, standing or parked on a highway nor enter upon ahighway unless and until such movement can be made with safety.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1498)

NRS 484.343 Movementand signals for turning; signal for stopping or decreasing speed.

1. A driver shall not turn a vehicle from a directcourse upon a highway unless and until such movement can be made withreasonable safety, and then only after giving a clearly audible signal bysounding the horn if any pedestrian may be affected by such movement and aftergiving an appropriate signal if any other vehicle may be affected by suchmovement.

2. A signal of intention to turn right or left, orotherwise turn a vehicle from a direct course, shall be given continuouslyduring not less than the last 100 feet traveled in a business or residentialdistrict and not less than the last 300 feet traveled in any other area priorto changing the course of a vehicle. This rule shall be observed, regardlessof the weather.

3. A driver shall not stop or suddenly decrease thespeed of a vehicle without first giving an appropriate signal to the driver ofany vehicle immediately to the rear.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1494; A 1973, 1327)

NRS 484.345 Signalby hand and arm or signal lamp or device. Anysignal required by this chapter to be made by a driver when making a turn or astop must be given either by means of a hand and arm or by a signal lamp orsignal device of a type approved by the department, except if a vehicle is soconstructed or loaded that a hand and arm signal would not be visible both tothe front and rear of the vehicle, the signals must be given by a signal lampor signal device.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1498; A 1985, 1946)

NRS 484.347 Methodsof giving signals by hand and arm. All signalsgiven by hand and arm shall be given by hand and arm extended beyond the leftside of the vehicle in the following manner, and shall indicate the turns thatfollow:

1. Left turn: Hand and arm extended horizontally.

2. Right turn: Hand and arm extended upward.

3. Stop or decrease speed: Hand and arm extendeddownward.

4. Reentering lane of traffic from parked position:Hand and arm extended horizontally.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1498)

Special Stops Required

NRS 484.348 Stoprequired on signal of peace officer; penalties.

1. Except as otherwise provided in this section, thedriver of a motor vehicle who willfully fails or refuses to bring his vehicleto a stop, or who otherwise flees or attempts to elude a peace officer in areadily identifiable vehicle of any police department or regulatory agency,when given a signal to bring his vehicle to a stop is guilty of a misdemeanor.

2. The signal by the peace officer described insubsection 1 must be by flashing red lamp and siren.

3. Unless the provisions of NRS 484.377 apply if, while violating theprovisions of subsection 1, the driver of the motor vehicle:

(a) Is the proximate cause of damage to the property ofa person other than himself; or

(b) Operates the motor vehicle in a manner whichendangers or is likely to endanger any person other than himself or theproperty of any person other than himself,

the driveris guilty of a category B felony and shall be punished by imprisonment in thestate prison for a minimum term of not less than 1 year and a maximum term ofnot more than 6 years, or by a fine of not more than $5,000, or by both fineand imprisonment.

4. If, while violating the provisions of subsection 1,the driver of the motor vehicle is the proximate cause of the death of orbodily harm to any person other than himself, the driver is guilty of acategory B felony and shall be punished by imprisonment in the state prison fora minimum term of not less than 2 years and a maximum term of not more than 15years, or by a fine of not more than $10,000, or by both fine and imprisonment.

(Added to NRS by 1975, 320; A 1979, 1805; 1981, 533;1983, 1014; 1985, 26; 1989, 1194; 1993, 524; 1995, 1297, 1725; 1997, 547; 2003, 487)

NRS 484.349 Obedienceto signal indicating approach of railroad train.

1. Whenever any person driving a vehicle approaches arailroad grade crossing and a clearly visible official traffic-control orrailroad device gives warning of the immediate approach of a train, the driverof such vehicle shall stop within 50 feet but not less than 15 feet from thenearest track of such railroad and shall not proceed until he can do so safely.The foregoing requirements shall apply when:

(a) A clearly visible electric or mechanical signaldevice gives warning of the immediate approach of a railroad train.

(b) A crossing gate is lowered or when a flagman givesor continues to give a signal of the approach or passage of a railroad train.

(c) A railroad train approaching within approximately1,500 feet of the highway crossing emits a signal audible from such distanceand such railroad train, by reason of its speed or nearness to such crossing,is an immediate hazard.

(d) An approaching railroad train is plainly visibleand is in hazardous proximity to such crossing.

2. A person shall not drive any vehicle through,around or under any crossing gate or barrier at a railroad crossing while suchgate or barrier is closed or is being opened or closed.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1493)

NRS 484.351 Stoprequired at certain grade crossings of railroad. TheDepartment of Transportation, and local authorities with the approval of theDepartment of Transportation, may designate dangerous highway grade crossingsof railroads and erect official traffic-control devices at such crossingsdirecting a stop. When such stop signs are erected the driver of any vehicleshall stop within 50 feet but not less than 15 feet from the nearest track ofsuch a grade crossing and afterward may proceed only upon exercising due care.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1494; A 1979, 1804)

NRS 484.353 Certainvehicles required to stop at all grade crossings of railroad; exceptions.

1. Except as otherwise provided in this section, thedriver of any motor vehicle carrying passengers for hire, or of any school buscarrying any school child, or of any vehicle carrying any explosive orflammable liquid as a cargo or part of a cargo, before crossing at grade anytrack or tracks of a railroad, shall stop that vehicle within 50 feet but notless than 15 feet from the nearest rail of the railroad and while so stoppedshall listen and look in both directions along the track for any approachingtrain, and for signals indicating the approach of a train, and shall notproceed until he can do so safely.

2. After stopping as required in this section and uponproceeding when it is safe to do so, the driver of any such vehicle shall crossonly in a gear of the vehicle that there will be no necessity for changinggears while traversing the crossing and the driver shall not shift gears whilecrossing the track or tracks.

3. When stopping is required at a railroad crossingthe driver shall keep as far to the right of the highway as possible and shallnot form two lanes of traffic unless the highway is marked for four or morelanes of traffic.

4. No such stop need be made at a railroad crossing:

(a) Where a police officer or official traffic-controldevice controls the movement of traffic.

(b) Which is marked with a device indicating that thecrossing is abandoned.

(c) Which is a streetcar crossing or is usedexclusively for industrial switching purposes within an area designated as abusiness district.

(d) Which is marked with a sign identifying it as anexempt crossing. Signs identifying a crossing as exempt may be erected only:

(1) If the tracks are an industrial or spurline;

(2) By or with the consent of the appropriatestate or local authority which has jurisdiction over the road; and

(3) After the State or the local authority hasheld a public hearing to determine whether the crossing should be designated anexempt crossing.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1495; A 1979, 1117)

NRS 484.355 Movingheavy equipment at grade crossing of railroad.

1. It is unlawful for any person to operate or moveany crawler-type tractor, power shovel, derrick, roller, or any vehicle,equipment or structure having a normal operating speed of 10 or less miles perhour or a vertical body or load clearance of less than one-half inch per footof the distance between any two adjacent axles or in any event of less than 9inches, measured above the level surface of a highway, upon or across anytracks at a railroad grade crossing without first complying with this section.

2. Before making any such crossing the personoperating or moving any such vehicle or equipment shall first stop the same notless than 15 feet nor more than 50 feet from the nearest rail of such railroadand while so stopped shall listen and look in both directions along such trackfor any approaching train and for signals indicating the approach of a train,and shall not proceed until the crossing can be made safely.

3. No such crossing shall be made when warning isgiven by automatic signal or crossing gates or a flagman or otherwise of theimmediate approach of a railroad train or car. If a flagman is provided by therailroad, movement over the crossing shall be under his direction.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1494)

NRS 484.356 Stoprequired in obedience to direction or traffic-control signal of school crossingguard; penalty.

1. The driver of a vehicle:

(a) Shall stop in obedience to the direction ortraffic-control signal of a school crossing guard; and

(b) Shall not proceed until the highway is clear of allpersons, including, without limitation, the school crossing guard.

2. A person who violates any of the provisions of thissection is guilty of a misdemeanor.

3. As used in this section, school crossing guardmeans a volunteer or paid employee of a local authority, local law enforcementagency or school district whose duties include assisting pupils to cross ahighway.

(Added to NRS by 2003, 364)

NRS 484.357 Overtakingand passing school bus; penalty.

1. Except as otherwise provided in subsection 2, thedriver of any vehicle upon a highway, street or road, when meeting orovertaking, from either direction, any school bus, equipped with signs andsignals required by law, which has stopped on the highway, street or road toreceive or discharge any pupil and is displaying a flashing red light signalvisible from the front and rear, shall bring his vehicle to an immediate stopand shall not attempt to overtake or proceed past the school bus until theflashing red signal ceases operation.

2. The driver of a vehicle upon a divided highway neednot stop upon meeting or passing a school bus which is positioned in the otherroadway. The driver of a vehicle need not stop upon meeting or passing a schoolbus where traffic is controlled by a traffic officer.

3. Any person who violates any of the provisions ofthis section is guilty of a misdemeanor and:

(a) For a third or any subsequent offense within 2years after the most recent offense, shall be punished by a fine of not morethan $1,000 and his drivers license must be suspended for not more than 1year.

(b) For a second offense within 1 year after the firstoffense, shall be punished by a fine of not less than $250 nor more than $500and his drivers license must be suspended for 6 months.

(c) For a first offense or any subsequent offense forwhich a punishment is not provided for in paragraph (a) or (b), shall bepunished by a fine of not less than $250 nor more than $500.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1506; A 1975, 825; 1991, 276;1997, 3060)

NRS 484.358 Reportby driver of school bus of violation of NRS 484.357; submission of report toschool district and Department; provision of notice to owner of vehicle.

1. The driver of a school bus who observes a violationof NRS 484.357 may prepare a report ofthe violation. The report must be signed by the driver and include:

(a) The date, time and approximate location of theviolation;

(b) The number and state of issuance of the licenseplate of the vehicle whose driver committed the violation; and

(c) An identification of the vehicle by type and color.

2. The driver of a school bus who prepares a reportpursuant to subsection 1 shall, within 2 working days after the violation, sendthe report to the superintendent of his school district and a copy to theDepartment, which shall thereupon mail to the last known registered owner ofthe vehicle a notice containing:

(a) The information included in the report;

(b) The provisions of NRS484.357; and

(c) An explanation that the notice is not a citationbut a warning of the seriousness of the violation.

(Added to NRS by 1997, 3060)

NRS 484.359 Administrativeroadblock: Establishment; minimum requirements.

1. The police officers in this State may establish, intheir respective jurisdictions, administrative roadblocks upon the highways ofthis State for any lawful purpose other than identifying the occupants of avehicle or because of the existence of an emergency.

2. To warn and protect the traveling public,administrative roadblocks established by police officers must meet thefollowing requirements:

(a) The administrative roadblock must be established ata point on the highway clearly visible to approaching traffic at a distance ofnot less than 100 yards in either direction.

(b) At the point of the administrative roadblock, asign must be placed near the centerline of the highway displaying the wordStop in letters of sufficient size and luminosity to be readable at adistance of not less than 50 yards in the direction affected by the roadblock,either in daytime or darkness.

(c) At the same point of the administrative roadblock,at least one red flashing or intermittent light, on and burning, must be placedat the side of the highway, clearly visible to the oncoming traffic at adistance of not less than 100 yards.

(d) At a distance of not less than one-quarter of amile from the point of the administrative roadblock, warning signs must beplaced at the side of the highway, containing any wording of sufficient sizeand luminosity to warn the oncoming traffic that a police stop lies ahead. Aburning beam light, flare or lantern must be placed near the signs to attractthe attention of the traffic to the sign.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1495; A 1987, 1073)

NRS 484.3591 Temporaryroadblock: Establishment; minimum requirements.

1. The police officers in this State may establish, intheir respective jurisdictions, or in other jurisdictions within this State,temporary roadblocks upon the highways of this State:

(a) To apprehend persons known to be wanted forviolation of the laws of this State, another state or the United States, andusing the highways of this State for the purpose of escape; or

(b) To control traffic at or near the scene of apotential or existing emergency or hazard.

2. To warn and protect the traveling public, temporaryroadblocks established by police officers must meet the following requirements:

(a) The temporary roadblock must be established at apoint on the highway clearly visible at a distance of not less than 100 yardsin either direction.

(b) At the point of the temporary roadblock, anauthorized emergency vehicle, plainly and clearly marked as such and with itswarning lights in operation, must be placed so as to be clearly visible totraffic affected by the roadblock at a distance of not less than 100 yards.When so placed, at least one of the vehicles flashing red lights must bevisible to approaching traffic at a distance of not less than 100 yards.

(c) At the same point of the temporary roadblock,sufficient cones, reflectors, burning flares or similar devices must be inplace to identify the point of the roadblock and direct, as necessary, the pathto be followed by a vehicle approaching the roadblock. The devices, when in place,must be clearly visible to traffic affected by the roadblock at a distance ofnot less than 100 yards.

(d) At a point located not less than 200 yards, but notmore than 400 yards, from the point of the temporary roadblock, cones,reflectors, burning flares or similar devices must be placed on both shouldersof the highway and near the centerline of the highway to warn traffic that acondition hazardous to traffic exists in the immediate vicinity.

(Added to NRS by 1987, 1072)

NRS 484.3593 Authorityof police officers not limited by provisions relating to roadblocks. The provisions of NRS484.359 and 484.3591 do not limitthe existing authority of police officers in the performance of their dutiesinvolving traffic control.

(Added to NRS by 1987, 1073)

NRS 484.3595 Failureto stop at roadblock; penalties.

1. It is unlawful for a person to:

(a) Proceed or travel through an administrativeroadblock or a temporary roadblock without subjecting himself to the trafficcontrol established at the roadblock.

(b) Disobey the lawful orders or directions of a policeofficer at an administrative roadblock or a temporary roadblock.

2. A person who unlawfully proceeds through anadministrative roadblock or a temporary roadblock shall be punished:

(a) If he is the direct cause of a death or substantialbodily harm to any person, or damage to property in excess of $1,000, for acategory B felony by imprisonment in the state prison for a minimum term of notless than 1 year and a maximum term of not more than 6 years, or by a fine ofnot more than $5,000, or by both fine and imprisonment.

(b) If no death, substantial bodily harm or damage toproperty in excess of $1,000 occurs, for a gross misdemeanor.

(Added to NRS by 1987, 1073; A 1995, 1298)

Restrictions on Speed

NRS 484.361 Basicrule; additional penalty for violation committed in work zone.

1. It is unlawful for any person to drive or operate avehicle of any kind or character at:

(a) A rate of speed greater than is reasonable orproper, having due regard for the traffic, surface and width of the highway,the weather and other highway conditions.

(b) Such a rate of speed as to endanger the life, limbor property of any person.

(c) A rate of speed greater than that posted by apublic authority for the particular portion of highway being traversed.

(d) In any event, a rate of speed greater than 75 milesper hour.

2. A person who violates any provision of this sectionmay be subject to the additional penalty set forth in NRS 484.3667.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1486; A 1975, 754; 1987, 656;1995, 2441, 2442; 2003,3241)

NRS 484.363 Dutyof driver to decrease speed under certain circumstances; additional penalty forviolation committed in work zone.

1. The fact that the speed of a vehicle is lower thanthe prescribed limits does not relieve a driver from the duty to decrease speedwhen approaching and crossing an intersection, when approaching and goingaround a curve, when approaching a hill crest, when traveling upon any narrowor winding highway, or when special hazards exist or may exist with respect topedestrians or other traffic, or by reason of weather or other highwayconditions, and speed must be decreased as may be necessary to avoid collidingwith any person, vehicle or other conveyance on or entering a highway incompliance with legal requirements and the duty of all persons to use due care.

2. Any person who fails to use due care as required bysubsection 1 may be subject to the additional penalty set forth in NRS 484.3667.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1495; A 2003, 3242)

NRS 484.364 Approachto stopped authorized emergency vehicle making use of flashing lights: Dutiesof approaching driver; penalty.

1. Upon approaching an authorized emergency vehiclewhich is stopped and is making use of flashing lights meeting the requirementsof subsection 3 of NRS 484.787, thedriver of the approaching vehicle shall, in the absence of other directiongiven by a peace officer:

(a) Decrease the speed of his vehicle to a speed thatis:

(1) Reasonable and proper, pursuant to thecriteria set forth in subsection 1 of NRS484.361; and

(2) Less than the posted speed limit, if a speedlimit has been posted;

(b) Proceed with caution;

(c) Be prepared to stop; and

(d) If possible, drive in a lane that is not adjacentto the lane in which the emergency vehicle is stopped, unless roadway, traffic,weather or other conditions make doing so unsafe or impossible.

2. A person who violates subsection 1 is guilty of amisdemeanor.

(Added to NRS by 2003, 486)

NRS 484.365 Schoolbus: Maximum speed. A school bus shall notexceed a speed of 55 miles per hour when transporting pupils to and from schoolor any activity which is properly a part of a school program.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1486; A 1973, 1297; 1977, 407)

NRS 484.366 Schoolzone or school crossing zone: Speed limit; designation; signs; determination ofhours in which speed limit is in effect.

1. A person shall not drive a motor vehicle at a speedin excess of 15 miles per hour in an area designated as a school zone except:

(a) On a day on which school is not in session;

(b) During the period from a half hour after school isno longer in operation to a half hour before school is next in operation;

(c) If the zone is designated by an operational speedlimit beacon, during the hours when the pupils of the school are in class andthe yellow lights of the speed limit beacon are not flashing in the mannerwhich indicates that the speed limit is in effect; or

(d) If the zone is not designated by an operationalspeed limit beacon, during the times when the sign designating the school zoneindicates that the speed limit is not in effect.

2. A person shall not drive a motor vehicle at a speedin excess of 25 miles per hour in an area designated as a school crossing zoneexcept:

(a) On a day on which school is not in session;

(b) During the period from a half hour after school isno longer in operation to a half hour before school is next in operation;

(c) If the zone is designated by an operational speedlimit beacon, during the hours when the pupils of the school are in class andthe yellow lights of the speed limit beacon are not flashing in the mannerwhich indicates that the speed limit is in effect; or

(d) If the zone is not designated by an operationalspeed limit beacon, during the times when the sign designating the school zoneindicates that the speed limit is not in effect.

3. The governing body of a local government or theDepartment of Transportation shall designate school zones and school crossingzones. An area must not be designated as a school zone if imposing a speedlimit of 15 miles per hour would be unsafe because of higher speed limits inadjoining areas.

4. Each such governing body and the Department shallprovide signs to mark the beginning and end of each school zone and schoolcrossing zone which it respectively designates. Each sign marking the beginningof such a zone must include a designation of the hours when the speed limit isin effect or that the speed limit is in effect when children are present.

5. With respect to each school zone and schoolcrossing zone in a school district, the superintendent of the school districtor his designee, in conjunction with the Department of Transportation and thegoverning body of the local government that designated the school zone orschool crossing zone and after consulting with the principal of the school andthe agency that is responsible for enforcing the speed limit in the zone, shalldetermine the times when the speed limit is in effect.

6. As used in this section, speed limit beacon meansa device which is used in conjunction with a sign and equipped with two or moreyellow lights that flash alternately to indicate when the speed limit in aschool zone or school crossing zone is in effect.

(Added to NRS by 1985, 640; A 1993, 2586; 1999, 2674)

NRS 484.3665 Schoolzone or school crossing zone: Requirements for signs; placement of portablesigns.

1. Each permanent sign which designates a school zoneor school crossing zone and the speed limit in that zone must be uniform insize and color and must clearly designate the hours during which the speedlimit applies.

2. Each portable sign designating a school zone orschool crossing zone and the speed limit in the zone must be uniform in sizeand color. A portable sign may be placed on or beside a roadway only duringthose hours when pupils are arriving at and leaving regularly scheduled schoolsessions.

(Added to NRS by 1985, 640; A 2001, 955; 2003, 365)

NRS 484.3667 Doublepenalty for certain traffic violations committed in work zones.

1. Except as otherwise provided in subsection 2, aperson who is convicted of a violation of a speed limit, or of NRS 484.254, 484.278, 484.289,484.2895, 484.291 to 484.301, inclusive, 484.305, 484.309,484.311, 484.335, 484.337,484.361, 484.363, 484.3765,484.377, 484.3775, 484.379, 484.448,484.453 or 484.479, that occurred:

(a) In an area designated as a temporary trafficcontrol zone in which construction, maintenance or repair of a highway isconducted; and

(b) At a time when the workers who are performing theconstruction, maintenance or repair of the highway are present, or when theeffects of the act may be aggravated because of the condition of the highwaycaused by construction, maintenance or repair, including, without limitation,reduction in lane width, reduction in the number of lanes, shifting of lanesfrom the designated alignment and uneven or temporary surfaces, including,without limitation, modifications to road beds, cement-treated bases, chipseals and other similar conditions,

shall bepunished by imprisonment or by a fine, or both, for a term or an amount equalto and in addition to the term of imprisonment or amount of the fine, or both,that the court imposes for the primary offense. Any term of imprisonmentimposed pursuant to this subsection runs consecutively with the sentenceprescribed by the court for the crime. This subsection does not create aseparate offense, but provides an additional penalty for the primary offense,whose imposition is contingent upon the finding of the prescribed fact.

2. The additional penalty imposed pursuant tosubsection 1 must not exceed a total of $1,000, 6 months of imprisonment or 120hours of community service.

3. A governmental entity that designates an area as atemporary traffic control zone in which construction, maintenance or repair ofa highway is conducted, or the person with whom the governmental entitycontracts to provide such service, shall cause to be erected:

(a) A sign located before the beginning of such an areastating DOUBLE PENALTIES IN WORK ZONES to indicate a double penalty may beimposed pursuant to this section;

(b) A sign to mark the beginning of the temporarytraffic control zone; and

(c) A sign to mark the end of the temporary trafficcontrol zone.

4. A person who otherwise would be subject to anadditional penalty pursuant to this section is not relieved of any criminalliability because signs are not erected as required by subsection 3 if theviolation results in injury to any person performing highway construction ormaintenance in the temporary traffic control zone or in damage to property inan amount equal to $1,000 or more.

(Added to NRS by 1997, 1481; A 2001 Special Session,146; 2003, 3242;2005, 78, 938)

NRS 484.367 Speedlimit in unincorporated town; additional penalty for violation committed inwork zone.

1. Except as otherwise provided in subsection 2 andpursuant to the power granted in NRS 269.185,the town board or board of county commissioners may, by ordinance, limit thespeed of motor vehicles in any unincorporated town in the county as may bedeemed proper.

2. The Department of Transportation may establish thespeed limits for motor vehicles on highways within the boundaries of anyunincorporated town which are constructed and maintained under the authoritygranted by chapter 408 of NRS.

3. A person who violates any speed limit establishedpursuant to this section may be subject to the additional penalty set forth in NRS 484.3667.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1486; A 1979, 1804; 1985, 301;2003, 3243)

NRS 484.368 Speedlimit: Establishment for vehicles on highways constructed and maintained byDepartment of Transportation; additional penalty for violation committed inwork zone.

1. The Department of Transportation may establish thespeed limits for motor vehicles on highways which are constructed andmaintained by the Department of Transportation under the authority granted toit by chapter 408 of NRS.

2. Except as otherwise provided by federal law, theDepartment of Transportation may establish a speed limit on such highways notto exceed 75 miles per hour and may establish a lower speed limit:

(a) Where necessary to protect public health andsafety.

(b) For trucks, overweight and oversized vehicles,trailers drawn by motor vehicles and buses.

3. A person who violates any speed limit establishedpursuant to this section may be subject to the additional penalty set forth in NRS 484.3667.

(Added to NRS by 1995, 2440; A 1997, 640; 2003, 3243)

NRS 484.3685 Certainviolations of speed limit in rural areas: Fines; Department not to recordviolation on drivers record; violation not deemed moving traffic violation.

1. Except as otherwise provided in subsection 3, aperson driving a motor vehicle during the hours of daylight at a speed inexcess of the speed limit posted by a public authority for the portion ofhighway being traversed shall be punished by a fine of $25 if:

(a) The posted speed limit is 60 miles per hour and theperson is not exceeding a speed of 70 miles per hour.

(b) The posted speed limit is 65 miles per hour and theperson is not exceeding a speed of 75 miles per hour.

(c) The posted speed limit is 70 miles per hour and theperson is not exceeding a speed of 75 miles per hour.

2. A violation of the speed limit under any of thecircumstances set forth in subsection 1 must not be recorded by the Departmenton a drivers record and shall not be deemed a moving traffic violation.

3. The provisions of this section do not apply to aviolation specified in subsection 1 that occurs in a county whose population is100,000 or more if the portion of highway being traversed is in:

(a) An urban area; or

(b) An area which is adjacent to an urban area andwhich has been designated by the public authority that established the postedspeed limit for the portion of highway being traversed as an area that requiresstrict observance of the posted speed limit to protect public health andsafety.

(Added to NRS by 1997, 2524; A 1999, 572, 1711)

NRS 484.369 Speedzones and signs.

1. The Department of Transportation may prescribespeed zones, and install appropriate speed signs controlling vehicular trafficon the state highway system as established in chapter408 of NRS through hazardous areas, after necessary studies have been madeto determine the need therefor, and to eliminate speed zones and remove thesigns therefrom whenever the need therefor ceases to exist.

2. After the establishment of a speed zone and theinstallation of appropriate signs to control speed, it is unlawful for anyperson to drive a motor vehicle upon the road and in the speed zone in excessof the speed therein authorized.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1487; A 1979, 1805; 1985, 641)

NRS 484.371 Slowdriving; establishment of minimum speed limit.

1. A person shall not drive a motor vehicle at such aslow speed as to impede the normal and reasonable movement of traffic exceptwhen reduced speed is necessary for safe operation or in compliance with law.

2. Whenever a public authority determines on the basisof an engineering and traffic investigation that slow speeds on any part of ahighway consistently impede the normal and reasonable movement of traffic, suchauthority may establish a minimum speed limit below which no person shall drivea vehicle except when necessary for safe operation or in compliance with law.

3. Such speed limit shall be in effect after theerection of appropriate signs.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1487)

NRS 484.373 Dutiesof driver driving motor vehicle at speed so slow as to impede forward movementof traffic; prohibition against stopping vehicle on roadway so as to impede orblock normal and reasonable movement of traffic; exception.

1. If any driver drives a motor vehicle at a speed soslow as to impede the forward movement of traffic proceeding immediately behindhim, the driver shall:

(a) If the highway has one lane for traveling in eachdirection and the width of the paved portion permits, drive to the extremeright side of the highway and, if applicable, comply with the provisions of NRS 484.374;

(b) If the highway has two or more clearly marked lanesfor traffic traveling in his direction, drive in the extreme right-hand laneexcept when necessary to pass other slowly moving vehicles; or

(c) If the highway is a controlled-access highway, usealternate routes whenever possible.

2. A person shall not bring a vehicle to a completestop upon a roadway so as to impede or block the normal and reasonable movementof traffic unless the stop is necessary for safe operation or in compliancewith law.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1487; A 1983, 822; 1985, 339;1995, 2441; 2001,1506)

NRS 484.374 Dutyof driver of slow-moving vehicle to turn off roadway; circumstances in whichduty arises; criminal penalty.

1. On a highway that has one lane for traveling ineach direction, where passing is unsafe because of traffic traveling in the oppositedirection or other conditions, the driver of a slow-moving vehicle, behindwhich five or more vehicles are formed in a line, shall, to allow the vehiclesfollowing behind to proceed, turn off the roadway:

(a) At the nearest place designated as a turnout bysigns erected by the public authority having jurisdiction over the highway; or

(b) In the absence of such a designated turnout, at thenearest place where:

(1) Sufficient area for a safe turnout exists;and

(2) The circumstances and conditions are suchthat the driver is able to turn off the roadway in a safe manner.

2. A person who violates subsection 1 is guilty of amisdemeanor.

3. As used in this section, slow-moving vehiclemeans a vehicle that is traveling at a rate of speed which is less than theposted speed limit for the highway or portion of the highway upon which thevehicle is traveling.

(Added to NRS by 2001, 1506)

NRS 484.375 Speciallimitations on speed.

1. It is unlawful for any person to drive any vehicleequipped with solid rubber or cushion tires at a speed greater than 10 milesper hour.

2. It is unlawful for any person to drive a vehicleover any bridge or other elevated structure constituting a part of a highway ata speed which is greater than the maximum speed which can be maintained withsafety to the bridge or structure, when such structure is signposted asprovided in this section.

3. The Department of Transportation upon request fromany local authority shall, or upon its own initiative may, conduct aninvestigation of any bridge or other elevated structure constituting a part ofa highway constructed and maintained under the authority granted by chapter 408 of NRS, and if it thereupon findsthat such structure cannot with safety to itself withstand vehicles travelingat the speed otherwise permissible under this chapter, the Department shalldetermine and declare the maximum speed of vehicles which such structure cansafely withstand, and shall cause or permit suitable signs stating such maximumspeed to be erected and maintained at a distance of 100 feet before each end ofsuch structure.

4. Upon the trial of any person charged with aviolation of this section, proof of the determination of the maximum speed bythe Department and the existence of such signs constitutes conclusive evidenceof the maximum speed which can be maintained with safety to the bridge or structure.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1487; A 1979, 1805)

Aggressive Driving; Reckless Driving; VehicularManslaughter

NRS 484.3765 Aggressivedriving; additional penalty for violation committed in work zone.

1. A driver commits an offense of aggressive drivingif, during any single, continuous period of driving within the course of 1mile, the driver does all the following, in any sequence:

(a) Commits one or more acts of speeding in violationof NRS 484.361 or 484.366.

(b) Commits two or more of the following acts, in anycombination, or commits any of the following acts more than once:

(1) Failing to obey an official traffic-controldevice in violation of NRS 484.278.

(2) Overtaking and passing another vehicle uponthe right by driving off the paved portion of the highway in violation of NRS 484.297.

(3) Improper or unsafe driving upon a highwaythat has marked lanes for traffic in violation of NRS 484.305.

(4) Following another vehicle too closely inviolation of NRS 484.307.

(5) Failing to yield the right-of-way inviolation of any provision of NRS 484.315to 484.323, inclusive.

(c) Creates an immediate hazard, regardless of itsduration, to another vehicle or to another person, whether or not the otherperson is riding in or upon the vehicle of the driver or any other vehicle.

2. A driver may be prosecuted and convicted of anoffense of aggressive driving in violation of subsection 1 whether or not thedriver is prosecuted or convicted for committing any of the acts described inparagraphs (a) and (b) of subsection 1.

3. A driver who commits an offense of aggressivedriving in violation of subsection 1 is guilty of a misdemeanor. In addition toany other penalty:

(a) For the first offense within 2 years, the courtshall order the driver to attend, at his own expense, a course of trafficsafety approved by the Department and may issue an order suspending thedrivers license of the driver for a period of not more than 30 days.

(b) For a second or subsequent offense within 2 years,the court shall issue an order revoking the drivers license of the driver fora period of 1 year.

4. To determine whether the provisions of paragraph(a) or (b) of subsection 3 apply to one or more offenses of aggressive driving,the court shall use the date on which each offense of aggressive driving wascommitted.

5. If the driver is already the subject of any otherorder suspending or revoking his drivers license, the court shall order theadditional period of suspension or revocation, as appropriate, to applyconsecutively with the previous order.

6. If the court issues an order suspending or revokingthe drivers license of the driver pursuant to this section, the court shallrequire the driver to surrender to the court all drivers licenses then held bythe driver. The court shall, within 5 days after issuing the order, forward thedrivers licenses and a copy of the order to the Department.

7. If the driver successfully completes a course oftraffic safety ordered pursuant to this section, the Department shall cancelthree demerit points from his driving record in accordance with NRS 483.448 or 483.475, as appropriate, unless the driverwould not otherwise be entitled to have those demerit points cancelled pursuantto the provisions of that section.

8. This section does not preclude the suspension orrevocation of the drivers license of the driver, or the suspension of thefuture driving privileges of a person, pursuant to any other provision of law.

9. A person who violates any provision of subsection 1may be subject to the additional penalty set forth in NRS 484.3667.

(Added to NRS by 1999, 1385; A 2003, 1243, 3243)

NRS 484.377 Recklessdriving; penalty for willful or wanton disregard for safety causing death orsubstantial bodily harm; additional penalties.

1. It is unlawful for a person to:

(a) Drive a vehicle in willful or wanton disregard ofthe safety of persons or property.

(b) Drive a vehicle in an unauthorized speed contest ona public highway.

A violationof this subsection or subsection 1 of NRS484.348 constitutes reckless driving.

2. Unless a greater penalty is provided pursuant tosubsection 4 of NRS 484.348, a personwho does any act or neglects any duty imposed by law while driving or in actualphysical control of any vehicle in willful or wanton disregard of the safety ofpersons or property, if the act or neglect of duty proximately causes the deathof or substantial bodily harm to a person other than himself, is guilty of acategory B felony and shall be punished by imprisonment in the state prison fora minimum term of not less than 1 year and a maximum term of not more than 6years, or by a fine of not more than $5,000, or by both fine and imprisonment.

3. A person who violates any provision of this sectionmay be subject to the additional penalty set forth in NRS 484.3667 unless the person is subjectto the penalty provided pursuant to subsection 4 of NRS 484.348.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1486; A 1981, 866; 1983, 1015;1993, 524; 1995, 1298; 2003,487, 3244)

NRS 484.3775 Vehicularmanslaughter; additional penalty for violation committed in work zone;notification to Department of conviction by court; recordation of convictionupon driving record of violator.

1. A person who, while driving or in actual physicalcontrol of any vehicle, proximately causes the death of another person throughan act or omission that constitutes simple negligence is guilty of vehicularmanslaughter and shall be punished for a misdemeanor.

2. A person who commits an offense of vehicularmanslaughter may be subject to the additional penalty set forth in NRS 484.3667.

3. Upon the conviction of a person for a violation ofthe provisions of subsection 1, the court shall notify the Department of theconviction.

4. Upon receipt of notification from a court pursuantto subsection 3, the Department shall cause an entry of the conviction to bemade upon the driving record of the person so convicted.

(Added to NRS by 2005, 78)

Driving Under the Influence of Intoxicating Liquor orControlled or Prohibited Substance

NRS 484.379 Unlawfulacts; affirmative defense; additional penalty for violation committed in workzone. [Effective until the date of the repeal of the federal law requiring eachstate to make it unlawful for a person to operate a motor vehicle with a bloodalcohol concentration of 0.08 percent or greater as a condition to receivingfederal funding for the construction of highways in this State.]

1. It is unlawful for any person who:

(a) Is under the influence of intoxicating liquor;

(b) Has a concentration of alcohol of 0.08 or more inhis blood or breath; or

(c) Is found by measurement within 2 hours afterdriving or being in actual physical control of a vehicle to have aconcentration of alcohol of 0.08 or more in his blood or breath,

to drive orbe in actual physical control of a vehicle on a highway or on premises to whichthe public has access.

2. It is unlawful for any person who:

(a) Is under the influence of a controlled substance;

(b) Is under the combined influence of intoxicatingliquor and a controlled substance; or

(c) Inhales, ingests, applies or otherwise uses anychemical, poison or organic solvent, or any compound or combination of any ofthese, to a degree which renders him incapable of safely driving or exercisingactual physical control of a vehicle,

to drive orbe in actual physical control of a vehicle on a highway or on premises to whichthe public has access. The fact that any person charged with a violation ofthis subsection is or has been entitled to use that drug under the laws of thisState is not a defense against any charge of violating this subsection.

3. It is unlawful for any person to drive or be inactual physical control of a vehicle on a highway or on premises to which thepublic has access with an amount of a prohibited substance in his blood orurine that is equal to or greater than:

 

Urine Blood

Nanograms Nanograms

Prohibited substance permilliliter per milliliter

 

(a) Amphetamine 500 100

(b) Cocaine 150 50

(c) Cocainemetabolite 150 50

(d) Heroin 2,000 50

(e) Heroinmetabolite:

(1) Morphine 2,000 50

(2) 6-monoacetylmorphine 10 10

(f) Lysergic aciddiethylamide 25 10

(g) Marijuana 10 2

(h) Marijuanametabolite 15 5

(i) Methamphetamine 500 100

(j) Phencyclidine 25 10

 

4. If consumption is proven by a preponderance of theevidence, it is an affirmative defense under paragraph (c) of subsection 1 thatthe defendant consumed a sufficient quantity of alcohol after driving or beingin actual physical control of the vehicle, and before his blood or breath wastested, to cause him to have a concentration of alcohol of 0.08 or more in hisblood or breath. A defendant who intends to offer this defense at a trial orpreliminary hearing must, not less than 14 days before the trial or hearing orat such other time as the court may direct, file and serve on the prosecutingattorney a written notice of that intent.

5. A person who violates any provision of this sectionmay be subject to the additional penalty set forth in NRS 484.3667.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1485; A 1971, 2030; 1973, 587,1277, 1501; 1975, 788; 1981, 1924; 1983, 1068; 1993, 539; 1999, 2451, 3415; 2001, 172; 2003, 2559, 3245)

NRS 484.379 Unlawful acts; affirmative defense;additional penalty for violation committed in work zone. [Effective on the dateof the repeal of the federal law requiring each state to make it unlawful for aperson to operate a motor vehicle with a blood alcohol concentration of 0.08percent or greater as a condition to receiving federal funding for theconstruction of highways in this State.]

1. It is unlawful for any person who:

(a) Is under the influence of intoxicating liquor;

(b) Has a concentration of alcohol of 0.10 or more inhis blood or breath; or

(c) Is found by measurement within 2 hours afterdriving or being in actual physical control of a vehicle to have aconcentration of alcohol of 0.10 or more in his blood or breath,

to drive orbe in actual physical control of a vehicle on a highway or on premises to whichthe public has access.

2. It is unlawful for any person who:

(a) Is under the influence of a controlled substance;

(b) Is under the combined influence of intoxicatingliquor and a controlled substance; or

(c) Inhales, ingests, applies or otherwise uses anychemical, poison or organic solvent, or any compound or combination of any ofthese, to a degree which renders him incapable of safely driving or exercisingactual physical control of a vehicle,

to drive orbe in actual physical control of a vehicle on a highway or on premises to whichthe public has access. The fact that any person charged with a violation ofthis subsection is or has been entitled to use that drug under the laws of thisState is not a defense against any charge of violating this subsection.

3. It is unlawful for any person to drive or be inactual physical control of a vehicle on a highway or on premises to which thepublic has access with an amount of a prohibited substance in his blood orurine that is equal to or greater than:

 

Urine Blood

Nanograms Nanograms

Prohibited substance permilliliter per milliliter

 

(a) Amphetamine 500 100

(b) Cocaine 150 50

(c) Cocainemetabolite 150 50

(d) Heroin 2,000 50

(e) Heroinmetabolite:

(1) Morphine 2,000 50

(2) 6-monoacetylmorphine 10 10

(f) Lysergic aciddiethylamide 25 10

(g) Marijuana 10 2

(h) Marijuanametabolite 15 5

(i) Methamphetamine 500 100

(j) Phencyclidine 25 10

 

4. If consumption is proven by a preponderance of theevidence, it is an affirmative defense under paragraph (c) of subsection 1 thatthe defendant consumed a sufficient quantity of alcohol after driving or beingin actual physical control of the vehicle, and before his blood or breath wastested, to cause him to have a concentration of alcohol of 0.10 or more in hisblood or breath. A defendant who intends to offer this defense at a trial orpreliminary hearing must, not less than 14 days before the trial or hearing orat such other time as the court may direct, file and serve on the prosecutingattorney a written notice of that intent.

5. A person who violates any provision of this sectionmay be subject to the additional penalty set forth in NRS 484.3667.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1485; A 1971, 2030; 1973, 587,1277, 1501; 1975, 788; 1981, 1924; 1983, 1068; 1993, 539; 1999, 2451, 3415; 2001, 172; 2003, 2559, 3245, effective onthe date of the repeal of the federal law requiring each state to make itunlawful for a person to operate a motor vehicle with a blood alcoholconcentration of 0.08 percent or greater as a condition to receiving federalfunding for the construction of highways in this State)

NRS 484.3791 Civilpenalty.

1. In addition to any other penalty provided by law, aperson convicted of a violation of NRS484.379 is liable to the State for a civil penalty of $35, payable to theDepartment.

2. The Department shall not issue any license to drivea motor vehicle to a person convicted of a violation of NRS 484.379 until the civil penalty ispaid.

3. Any money received by the Department pursuant tosubsection 1 must be deposited with the State Treasurer for credit to the Fundfor the Compensation of Victims of Crime.

(Added to NRS by 1987, 2273)

NRS 484.3792 Penalties;segregation of offender; probation, suspension of sentence and plea bargainingrestricted; intermittent confinement; consecutive sentences.

1. Unless agreater penalty is provided pursuant to NRS484.3795 or 484.37955, and exceptas otherwise provided in subsection 2, a person who violates the provisions of NRS 484.379:

(a) For thefirst offense within 7 years, is guilty of a misdemeanor. Unless he is allowedto undergo treatment as provided in NRS484.37937, the court shall:

(1) Exceptas otherwise provided in subparagraph (4) or subsection 7, order him to paytuition for an educational course on the abuse of alcohol and controlledsubstances approved by the Department and complete the course within the timespecified in the order, and the court shall notify the Department if he failsto complete the course within the specified time;

(2) Unlessthe sentence is reduced pursuant to NRS484.37937, sentence him to imprisonment for not less than 2 days nor morethan 6 months in jail, or to perform not less than 48 hours, but not more than96 hours, of community service while dressed in distinctive garb thatidentifies him as having violated the provisions of NRS 484.379;

(3) Finehim not less than $400 nor more than $1,000; and

(4) Ifhe is found to have a concentration of alcohol of 0.18 or more in his blood orbreath, order him to attend a program of treatment for the abuse of alcohol ordrugs pursuant to the provisions of NRS484.37945.

(b) For asecond offense within 7 years, is guilty of a misdemeanor. Unless the sentenceis reduced pursuant to NRS 484.3794,the court shall:

(1) Sentencehim to:

(I)Imprisonment for not less than 10 days nor more than 6 months in jail; or

(II)Residential confinement for not less than 10 days nor more than 6 months, inthe manner provided in NRS 4.376 to 4.3766, inclusive, or 5.0755 to 5.078, inclusive;

(2) Fine him not less than $750 nor more than$1,000, or order him to perform an equivalent number of hours of communityservice while dressed in distinctive garb that identifies him as havingviolated the provisions of NRS 484.379;and

(3) Order him to attend a program of treatmentfor the abuse of alcohol or drugs pursuant to the provisions of NRS 484.37945.

A person who willfully fails orrefuses to complete successfully a term of residential confinement or a programof treatment ordered pursuant to this paragraph is guilty of a misdemeanor.

(c) For a thirdoffense within 7 years, is guilty of a category B felony and shall be punishedby imprisonment in the state prison for a minimum term of not less than 1 yearand a maximum term of not more than 6 years, and shall be further punished by afine of not less than $2,000 nor more than $5,000. An offender so imprisonedmust, insofar as practicable, be segregated from offenders whose crimes wereviolent and, insofar as practicable, be assigned to an institution or facilityof minimum security.

2. Unless a greater penalty is provided in NRS 484.37955, a person who haspreviously been convicted of:

(a) A violation of NRS484.379 that is punishable as a felony pursuant to paragraph (c) ofsubsection 1;

(b) A violation of NRS484.3795;

(c) A homicide resulting from driving or being inactual physical control of a vehicle while under the influence of intoxicatingliquor or a controlled substance or resulting from any other conduct prohibitedby NRS 484.379, 484.3795 or 484.37955; or

(d) A violation of a law of any other jurisdiction thatprohibits the same or similar conduct as set forth in paragraph (a), (b) or(c),

and whoviolates the provisions of NRS 484.379is guilty of a category B felony and shall be punished by imprisonment in thestate prison for a minimum term of not less than 2 years and a maximum term ofnot more than 15 years, and shall be further punished by a fine of not lessthan $2,000 nor more than $5,000. An offender so imprisoned must, insofar aspracticable, be segregated from offenders whose crimes were violent and,insofar as practicable, be assigned to an institution or facility of minimumsecurity.

3. Except as otherwise provided in this subsection, anoffense that occurred within 7 years immediately preceding the date of theprincipal offense or after the principal offense constitutes a prior offensefor the purposes of this section when evidenced by a conviction, without regardto the sequence of the offenses and convictions. An offense which is listed inparagraphs (a) to (d), inclusive, of subsection 2 that occurred on any datepreceding the date of the principal offense or after the principal offenseconstitutes a prior offense for the purposes of this section when evidenced bya conviction, without regard for the sequence of the offenses and convictions.The facts concerning a prior offense must be alleged in the complaint, indictmentor information, must not be read to the jury or proved at trial but must beproved at the time of sentencing and, if the principal offense is alleged to bea felony, must also be shown at the preliminary examination or presented to thegrand jury.

4. A person convicted of violating the provisions of NRS 484.379 must not be released onprobation, and a sentence imposed for violating those provisions must not besuspended except, as provided in NRS 4.373,5.055, 484.37937 and 484.3794, that portion of the sentenceimposed that exceeds the mandatory minimum. A prosecuting attorney shall notdismiss a charge of violating the provisions of NRS 484.379 in exchange for a plea ofguilty or nolo contendere to a lesser charge or for any other reason unless heknows or it is obvious that the charge is not supported by probable cause orcannot be proved at the time of trial.

5. A term of confinement imposed pursuant to theprovisions of this section may be served intermittently at the discretion ofthe judge or justice of the peace, except that a person who is convicted of asecond or subsequent offense within 7 years must be confined for at least onesegment of not less than 48 consecutive hours. This discretion must beexercised after considering all the circumstances surrounding the offense, andthe family and employment of the offender, but any sentence of 30 days or lessmust be served within 6 months after the date of conviction or, if the offenderwas sentenced pursuant to NRS 484.37937or 484.3794 and the suspension of hissentence was revoked, within 6 months after the date of revocation. Any timefor which the offender is confined must consist of not less than 24 consecutivehours.

6. Jail sentences simultaneously imposed pursuant tothis section and NRS 482.456, 483.560 or 485.330 must run consecutively.

7. If the person who violated the provisions of NRS 484.379 possesses a drivers licenseissued by a state other than the State of Nevada and does not reside in theState of Nevada, in carrying out the provisions of subparagraph (1) of paragraph(a) of subsection 1, the court shall:

(a) Order the person to pay tuition for and submitevidence of completion of an educational course on the abuse of alcohol andcontrolled substances approved by a governmental agency of the state of hisresidence within the time specified in the order; or

(b) Order him to complete an educational course bycorrespondence on the abuse of alcohol and controlled substances approved bythe Department within the time specified in the order,

and thecourt shall notify the Department if the person fails to complete the assignedcourse within the specified time.

8. If the defendant was transporting a person who isless than 15 years of age in the motor vehicle at the time of the violation,the court shall consider that fact as an aggravating factor in determining thesentence of the defendant.

9. For the purpose of determining whether one offenseoccurs within 7 years of another offense, any period of time between the twooffenses during which, for any such offense, the offender is imprisoned,serving a term of residential confinement, confined in a treatment facility, onparole or on probation must be excluded.

10. As used in this section, unless the contextotherwise requires:

(a) Concentration of alcohol of 0.18 or more in hisblood or breath means 0.18 gram or more of alcohol per 100 milliliters of theblood of a person or per 210 liters of his breath.

(b) Offense means:

(1) A violation of NRS 484.379 or 484.3795;

(2) A homicide resulting from driving or beingin actual physical control of a vehicle while under the influence ofintoxicating liquor or a controlled substance or resulting from any otherconduct prohibited by NRS 484.379, 484.3795 or 484.37955; or

(3) A violation of a law of any otherjurisdiction that prohibits the same or similar conduct as set forth insubparagraph (1) or (2).

(c) Treatment facility has the meaning ascribed to itin NRS 484.3793.

(Added to NRS by 1983, 1070; A 1985, 1946; 1987, 907,1136; 1989, 195, 2046; 1991, 218, 836; 1993, 2262, 2892; 1995, 1298, 2471;1997, 38, 642, 1746; 1999,52, 2138, 3110, 3416, 3438; 2001, 220, 223, 1884, 2392; 2001 Special Session,147; 2003, 277,446, 1490; 2005, 139, 607, 2039; 2005, 22ndSpecial Session, 102)

NRS 484.3793 Evaluationand treatment for alcohol or drug abuse: Definitions. Asused in NRS 484.3793 to 484.37947, inclusive:

1. Evaluation center means a facility which is approvedby the Health Division of the Department of Health and Human Services toprovide an evaluation of an offender to a court to determine if the offender isan abuser of alcohol or another drug. The term includes a facility operated bya court or other governmental agency.

2. Treatment facility means a facility for thetreatment of abuse of alcohol or drugs, which is certified by the HealthDivision of the Department of Health and Human Services.

(Added to NRS by 1993, 2890; A 1997, 1748; 1999, 1882; 2001, 435)

NRS 484.37935 Evaluationand treatment for alcohol or drug abuse: Standards for approval of evaluationcenter. The State Board of Health shall adoptby regulation the standards to be used for approving the operation of afacility as an evaluation center for the purposes of NRS 484.37937 to 484.37945, inclusive.

(Added to NRS by 1993, 2890; A 1997, 1748; 1999, 1882; 2001, 435)

NRS 484.37937 Evaluationand treatment for alcohol or drug abuse: Application by first-time offender toundergo program of treatment; sentencing of offender and conditional suspensionof sentence; notice to Department.

1. An offender who is found guilty of a violation of NRS 484.379 that is punishable pursuant toparagraph (a) of subsection 1 of NRS484.3792, other than an offender who is found to have a concentration ofalcohol of 0.18 or more in his blood or breath, may, at that time or any timebefore he is sentenced, apply to the court to undergo a program of treatmentfor alcoholism or drug abuse which is certified by the Health Division of theDepartment of Health and Human Services for at least 6 months. The court shallauthorize that treatment if:

(a) The offender is diagnosed as an alcoholic or abuserof drugs by:

(1) An alcohol and drug abuse counselor who islicensed or certified pursuant to chapter 641Cof NRS to make that diagnosis; or

(2) A physician who is certified to make thatdiagnosis by the Board of Medical Examiners;

(b) The offender agrees to pay the cost of thetreatment to the extent of his financial resources; and

(c) The offender has served or will serve a term ofimprisonment in jail of 1 day, or has performed or will perform 24 hours ofcommunity service.

2. A prosecuting attorney may, within 10 days afterreceiving notice of an application for treatment pursuant to this section,request a hearing on the question of whether the offender is eligible toundergo a program of treatment for alcoholism or drug abuse. The court shallorder a hearing on the application upon the request of the prosecuting attorneyor may order a hearing on its own motion. The hearing must be limited to thequestion of whether the offender is eligible to undergo such a program oftreatment.

3. At the hearing on the application for treatment,the prosecuting attorney may present the court with any relevant evidence onthe matter. If a hearing is not held, the court shall decide the matter uponaffidavits and other information before the court.

4. If the court grants an application for treatment,the court shall:

(a) Immediately sentence the offender and enterjudgment accordingly.

(b) Suspend the sentence of the offender for not morethan 3 years upon the condition that the offender be accepted for treatment bya treatment facility, that he complete the treatment satisfactorily and that hecomply with any other condition ordered by the court.

(c) Advise the offender that:

(1) If he is accepted for treatment by such afacility, he may be placed under the supervision of the facility for a periodnot to exceed 3 years and during treatment he may be confined in an institutionor, at the discretion of the facility, released for treatment or supervisedaftercare in the community.

(2) If he is not accepted for treatment by sucha facility or he fails to complete the treatment satisfactorily, he shall servethe sentence imposed by the court. Any sentence of imprisonment must be reducedby a time equal to that which he served before beginning treatment.

(3) If he completes the treatmentsatisfactorily, his sentence will be reduced to a term of imprisonment which isno longer than that provided for the offense in paragraph (c) of subsection 1and a fine of not more than the minimum fine provided for the offense in NRS 484.3792, but the conviction mustremain on his record of criminal history.

5. The court shall administer the program of treatmentpursuant to the procedures provided in NRS458.320 and 458.330, except that thecourt:

(a) Shall not defer the sentence, set aside theconviction or impose conditions upon the election of treatment except asotherwise provided in this section.

(b) May immediately revoke the suspension of sentencefor a violation of any condition of the suspension.

6. The court shall notify the Department, on a formapproved by the Department, upon granting the application of the offender fortreatment and his failure to be accepted for or complete treatment.

(Added to NRS by 1997, 1744; A 1999, 1882, 3070, 3418; 2001, 127, 133, 435, 1886; 2001 Special Session,149; 2003, 448;2005, 141, 609)

NRS 484.3794 Evaluationand treatment for alcohol or drug abuse: Application by second-time offender toundergo program of treatment; sentencing of offender and conditional suspensionof sentence; notice to Department.

1. An offender who is found guilty of a violation of NRS 484.379 that is punishable pursuant toparagraph (b) of subsection 1 of NRS484.3792 may, at that time or any time before he is sentenced, apply to thecourt to undergo a program of treatment for alcoholism or drug abuse which iscertified by the Health Division of the Department of Health and Human Servicesfor at least 1 year if:

(a) The offender is diagnosed as an alcoholic or abuserof drugs by:

(1) An alcohol and drug abuse counselor who islicensed or certified pursuant to chapter 641Cof NRS to make that diagnosis; or

(2) A physician who is certified to make thatdiagnosis by the Board of Medical Examiners;

(b) The offender agrees to pay the costs of thetreatment to the extent of his financial resources; and

(c) The offender has served or will serve a term of imprisonmentin jail of 5 days and, if required pursuant to NRS 484.3792, has performed or willperform not less than one-half of the hours of community service.

2. A prosecuting attorney may, within 10 days afterreceiving notice of an application for treatment pursuant to this section,request a hearing on the matter. The court shall order a hearing on theapplication upon the request of the prosecuting attorney or may order a hearingon its own motion.

3. At the hearing on the application for treatment,the prosecuting attorney may present the court with any relevant evidence onthe matter. If a hearing is not held, the court shall decide the matter uponaffidavits and other information before the court.

4. If the court determines that an application fortreatment should be granted, the court shall:

(a) Immediately sentence the offender and enterjudgment accordingly.

(b) Suspend the sentence of the offender for not morethan 3 years upon the condition that the offender be accepted for treatment bya treatment facility, that he complete the treatment satisfactorily and that hecomply with any other condition ordered by the court.

(c) Advise the offender that:

(1) If he is accepted for treatment by such afacility, he may be placed under the supervision of the facility for a periodnot to exceed 3 years and during treatment he may be confined in an institutionor, at the discretion of the facility, released for treatment or supervisedaftercare in the community.

(2) If he is not accepted for treatment by sucha facility or he fails to complete the treatment satisfactorily, he shall servethe sentence imposed by the court. Any sentence of imprisonment must be reducedby a time equal to that which he served before beginning treatment.

(3) If he completes the treatmentsatisfactorily, his sentence will be reduced to a term of imprisonment which isno longer than that provided for the offense in paragraph (c) of subsection 1and a fine of not more than the minimum provided for the offense in NRS 484.3792, but the conviction mustremain on his record of criminal history.

5. The court shall administer the program of treatmentpursuant to the procedures provided in NRS458.320 and 458.330, except that thecourt:

(a) Shall not defer the sentence, set aside theconviction or impose conditions upon the election of treatment except asotherwise provided in this section.

(b) May immediately revoke the suspension of sentencefor a violation of a condition of the suspension.

6. The court shall notify the Department, on a formapproved by the Department, upon granting the application of the offender fortreatment and his failure to be accepted for or complete treatment.

(Added to NRS by 1983, 1072; A 1987, 719, 964; 1989,197; 1993, 1642, 2264, 2894; 1995, 579; 1997, 40, 153, 1748; 1999, 1884, 3071, 3420; 2001, 127, 133, 436; 2001 Special Session,150; 2003, 449;2005, 142, 611)

NRS 484.37943 Evaluationand treatment for alcohol or drug abuse: Evaluation of certain offenders;evaluation to be conducted at evaluation center; exceptions; offender to paycost of evaluation.

1. If an offender is found guilty of a violation of NRS 484.379 that is punishable pursuant toparagraph (a) of subsection 1 of NRS484.3792 and if the concentration of alcohol in the offenders blood orbreath at the time of the offense was 0.18 or more, or if an offender is foundguilty of a violation of NRS 484.379 thatis punishable pursuant to paragraph (b) of subsection 1 of NRS 484.3792, the court shall, beforesentencing the offender, require an evaluation of the offender pursuant tosubsection 3, 4, 5 or 6 to determine whether he is an abuser of alcohol orother drugs.

2. If an offender is convicted of a violation of NRS 484.379 that is punishable pursuant toparagraph (a) of subsection 1 of NRS484.3792 and if the offender is under 21 years of age at the time of the violation,the court shall, before sentencing the offender, require an evaluation of theoffender pursuant to subsection 3, 4, 5 or 6 to determine whether he is anabuser of alcohol or other drugs.

3. Except as otherwise provided in subsection 4, 5 or6, the evaluation of an offender pursuant to this section must be conducted atan evaluation center by:

(a) An alcohol and drug abuse counselor who is licensedor certified pursuant to chapter 641C of NRSto make that evaluation; or

(b) A physician who is certified to make thatevaluation by the Board of Medical Examiners,

who shallreport to the court the results of the evaluation and make a recommendation tothe court concerning the length and type of treatment required for the offender.

4. The evaluation of an offender who resides more than30 miles from an evaluation center may be conducted outside an evaluationcenter by a person who has the qualifications set forth in subsection 3. Theperson who conducts the evaluation shall report to the court the results of theevaluation and make a recommendation to the court concerning the length andtype of treatment required for the offender.

5. The evaluation of an offender who resides inanother state may, upon approval of the court, be conducted in the state wherethe offender resides by a physician or other person who is authorized by theappropriate governmental agency in that state to conduct such an evaluation.The offender shall ensure that the results of the evaluation and therecommendation concerning the length and type of treatment for the offender arereported to the court.

6. The evaluation of an offender who resides in thisState may, upon approval of the court, be conducted in another state by aphysician or other person who is authorized by the appropriate governmentalagency in that state to conduct such an evaluation if the location of thephysician or other person in the other state is closer to the residence of theoffender than the nearest location in this State at which an evaluation may beconducted. The offender shall ensure that the results of the evaluation and therecommendation concerning the length and type of treatment for the offender arereported to the court.

7. An offender who is evaluated pursuant to thissection shall pay the cost of the evaluation. An evaluation center or a personwho conducts an evaluation in this State outside an evaluation center shall notcharge an offender more than $100 for the evaluation.

(Added to NRS by 1993, 2890; A 1995, 420; 1997, 134; 1999, 1885, 2451, 3073; 2001, 172; 2005, 33, 612)

NRS 484.37945 Evaluationand treatment for alcohol or drug abuse: Placement of offender under clinicalsupervision of treatment facility; payment of charges for treatment; liabilityof facility limited.

1. When a program of treatment is ordered pursuant toparagraph (a) or (b) of subsection 1 of NRS484.3792, the court shall place the offender under the clinical supervisionof a treatment facility for treatment for a period not to exceed 1 year, inaccordance with the report submitted to the court pursuant to subsection 3, 4,5 or 6 of NRS 484.37943. The courtshall:

(a) Order the offender confined in a treatmentfacility, then release the offender for supervised aftercare in the community;or

(b) Release the offender for treatment in thecommunity,

for theperiod of supervision ordered by the court.

2. The court shall:

(a) Require the treatment facility to submit monthlyprogress reports on the treatment of an offender pursuant to this section; and

(b) Order the offender, to the extent of his financialresources, to pay any charges for his treatment pursuant to this section. Ifthe offender does not have the financial resources to pay all those charges,the court shall, to the extent possible, arrange for the offender to obtain histreatment from a treatment facility that receives a sufficient amount offederal or state money to offset the remainder of the charges.

3. A treatment facility is not liable for any damagesto person or property caused by a person who:

(a) Drives, operates or is in actual physical controlof a vehicle or a vessel under power or sail while under the influence ofintoxicating liquor or a controlled substance; or

(b) Engages in any other conduct prohibited by NRS 484.379, 484.3795, 484.37955, subsection 2 of NRS 488.400, NRS 488.410, 488.420 or 488.425 or a law of any other jurisdictionthat prohibits the same or similar conduct,

after thetreatment facility has certified to his successful completion of a program oftreatment ordered pursuant to paragraph (a) or (b) of subsection 1 of NRS 484.3792.

(Added to NRS by 1993, 2891; A 1995, 421; 1997, 135; 1999, 3421; 2001, 1887, 2394; 2003, 106; 2005, 34, 144)

NRS 484.37947 Evaluationand treatment for alcohol or drug abuse: Evaluation or treatment by privatecompany authorized. The provisions of NRS 484.37943 and 484.37945 do not prohibit a court from:

1. Requiring an evaluation pursuant to NRS 484.37943 to be conducted by anevaluation center that is administered by a private company if the companymeets the standards of the State Board of Health pursuant to NRS 484.37935; or

2. Ordering the offender to attend a program oftreatment that is administered by a private company.

(Added to NRS by 1993, 2892; A 1999, 1886; 2001, 438)

NRS 484.3795 Penaltyif death or substantial bodily harm results; exception; segregation ofoffender; plea bargaining prohibited; affirmative defense; aggravating factor.[Effective until the date of the repeal of the federal law requiring each stateto make it unlawful for a person to operate a motor vehicle with a bloodalcohol concentration of 0.08 percent or greater as a condition to receivingfederal funding for the construction of highways in this State.]

1. Unless agreater penalty is provided pursuant to NRS484.37955, a person who:

(a) Is underthe influence of intoxicating liquor;

(b) Has aconcentration of alcohol of 0.08 or more in his blood or breath;

(c) Is found bymeasurement within 2 hours after driving or being in actual physical control ofa vehicle to have a concentration of alcohol of 0.08 or more in his blood orbreath;

(d) Is underthe influence of a controlled substance or is under the combined influence ofintoxicating liquor and a controlled substance;

(e) Inhales,ingests, applies or otherwise uses any chemical, poison or organic solvent, orany compound or combination of any of these, to a degree which renders himincapable of safely driving or exercising actual physical control of a vehicle;or

(f) Has aprohibited substance in his blood or urine in an amount that is equal to orgreater than the amount set forth in subsection 3 of NRS 484.379,

and does any act or neglects anyduty imposed by law while driving or in actual physical control of any vehicleon or off the highways of this State, if the act or neglect of duty proximatelycauses the death of, or substantial bodily harm to, a person other thanhimself, is guilty of a category B felony and shall be punished by imprisonmentin the state prison for a minimum term of not less than 2 years and a maximumterm of not more than 20 years and must be further punished by a fine of notless than $2,000 nor more than $5,000. A person so imprisoned must, insofar aspracticable, be segregated from offenders whose crimes were violent and,insofar as practicable, be assigned to an institution or facility of minimumsecurity.

2. Aprosecuting attorney shall not dismiss a charge of violating the provisions ofsubsection 1 in exchange for a plea of guilty or nolo contendere to a lessercharge or for any other reason unless he knows or it is obvious that the chargeis not supported by probable cause or cannot be proved at the time of trial. Asentence imposed pursuant to subsection 1 may not be suspended nor mayprobation be granted.

3. Ifconsumption is proven by a preponderance of the evidence, it is an affirmativedefense under paragraph (c) of subsection 1 that the defendant consumed asufficient quantity of alcohol after driving or being in actual physicalcontrol of the vehicle, and before his blood or breath was tested, to cause himto have a concentration of alcohol of 0.08 or more in his blood or breath. Adefendant who intends to offer this defense at a trial or preliminary hearingmust, not less than 14 days before the trial or hearing or at such other timeas the court may direct, file and serve on the prosecuting attorney a writtennotice of that intent.

4. If the defendant was transporting a person who isless than 15 years of age in the motor vehicle at the time of the violation,the court shall consider that fact as an aggravating factor in determining thesentence of the defendant.

(Added to NRS by 1973, 447; A 1979, 1484; 1981, 1926;1983, 1073; 1985, 818, 1015; 1989, 1111; 1991, 220, 489, 498, 837; 1995, 312,1300, 2473; 1997, 644; 1999,2452, 3422; 2001, 172; 2003, 1492, 2560; 2005, 144)

NRS 484.3795 Penalty if death or substantialbodily harm results; exception; segregation of offender; plea bargainingprohibited; affirmative defense; aggravating factor. [Effective on the date ofthe repeal of the federal law requiring each state to make it unlawful for aperson to operate a motor vehicle with a blood alcohol concentration of 0.08percent or greater as a condition to receiving federal funding for theconstruction of highways in this State.]

1. Unless agreater penalty is provided pursuant to NRS484.37955, a person who:

(a) Is underthe influence of intoxicating liquor;

(b) Has aconcentration of alcohol of 0.10 or more in his blood or breath;

(c) Is found bymeasurement within 2 hours after driving or being in actual physical control ofa vehicle to have a concentration of alcohol of 0.10 or more in his blood orbreath;

(d) Is underthe influence of a controlled substance or is under the combined influence ofintoxicating liquor and a controlled substance;

(e) Inhales,ingests, applies or otherwise uses any chemical, poison or organic solvent, orany compound or combination of any of these, to a degree which renders him incapableof safely driving or exercising actual physical control of a vehicle; or

(f) Has aprohibited substance in his blood or urine in an amount that is equal to orgreater than the amount set forth in subsection 3 of NRS 484.379,

and does any act or neglects anyduty imposed by law while driving or in actual physical control of any vehicleon or off the highways of this State, if the act or neglect of duty proximatelycauses the death of, or substantial bodily harm to, a person other thanhimself, is guilty of a category B felony and shall be punished by imprisonmentin the state prison for a minimum term of not less than 2 years and a maximumterm of not more than 20 years and must be further punished by a fine of notless than $2,000 nor more than $5,000. A person so imprisoned must, insofar aspracticable, be segregated from offenders whose crimes were violent and,insofar as practicable, be assigned to an institution or facility of minimumsecurity.

2. Aprosecuting attorney shall not dismiss a charge of violating the provisions ofsubsection 1 in exchange for a plea of guilty or nolo contendere to a lessercharge or for any other reason unless he knows or it is obvious that the chargeis not supported by probable cause or cannot be proved at the time of trial. Asentence imposed pursuant to subsection 1 may not be suspended nor mayprobation be granted.

3. Ifconsumption is proven by a preponderance of the evidence, it is an affirmativedefense under paragraph (c) of subsection 1 that the defendant consumed asufficient quantity of alcohol after driving or being in actual physicalcontrol of the vehicle, and before his blood or breath was tested, to cause himto have a concentration of alcohol of 0.10 or more in his blood or breath. Adefendant who intends to offer this defense at a trial or preliminary hearingmust, not less than 14 days before the trial or hearing or at such other timeas the court may direct, file and serve on the prosecuting attorney a writtennotice of that intent.

4. If the defendant was transporting a person who isless than 15 years of age in the motor vehicle at the time of the violation,the court shall consider that fact as an aggravating factor in determining thesentence of the defendant.

(Added to NRS by 1973, 447; A 1979, 1484; 1981, 1926;1983, 1073; 1985, 818, 1015; 1989, 1111; 1991, 220, 489, 498, 837; 1995, 312,1300, 2473; 1997, 644; 1999,2452, 3422; 2001, 172; 2003, 1492, 2560; 2005, 144, 145, effective on thedate of the repeal of the federal law requiring each state to make it unlawfulfor a person to operate a motor vehicle with a blood alcohol concentration of0.08 percent or greater as a condition to receiving federal funding for theconstruction of highways in this State)

NRS 484.37955 Vehicularhomicide; segregation of offender; plea bargaining prohibited; affirmativedefense; aggravating factor. [Effective until the date of the repeal of thefederal law requiring each state to make it unlawful for a person to operate amotor vehicle with a blood alcohol concentration of 0.08 percent or greater asa condition to receiving federal funding for the construction of highways inthis State.]

1. A person commits vehicular homicide if he:

(a) Drives or is in actual physical control of avehicle on or off the highways of this State and:

(1) Is under the influence of intoxicatingliquor;

(2) Has a concentration of alcohol of 0.08 ormore in his blood or breath;

(3) Is found by measurement within 2 hours afterdriving or being in actual physical control of a vehicle to have aconcentration of alcohol of 0.08 or more in his blood or breath;

(4) Is under the influence of a controlledsubstance or is under the combined influence of intoxicating liquor and acontrolled substance;

(5) Inhales, ingests, applies or otherwise usesany chemical, poison or organic solvent, or any compound or combination of anyof these, to a degree which renders him incapable of safely driving orexercising actual physical control of a vehicle; or

(6) Has a prohibited substance in his blood orurine in an amount that is equal to or greater than the amount set forth insubsection 3 of NRS 484.379;

(b) Proximately causes the death of a person other thanhimself while driving or in actual physical control of a vehicle on or off thehighways of this State; and

(c) Has previously been convicted of at least three offenses.

2. A person who commits vehicular homicide is guiltyof a category A felony and shall be punished by imprisonment in the stateprison:

(a) For life with the possibility of parole, witheligibility for parole beginning when a minimum of 10 years has been served; or

(b) For a definite term of 25 years, with eligibilityfor parole beginning when a minimum of 10 years has been served.

3. A person imprisoned pursuant to subsection 2 must,insofar as practicable, be segregated from offenders whose crimes were violentand, insofar as practicable, be assigned to an institution or facility ofminimum security.

4. A prosecuting attorney shall not dismiss a chargeof vehicular homicide in exchange for a plea of guilty or nolo contendere to alesser charge or for any other reason unless he knows or it is obvious that thecharge is not supported by probable cause or cannot be proved at the time oftrial. A sentence imposed pursuant to subsection 2 may not be suspended nor mayprobation be granted.

5. If consumption is proven by a preponderance of theevidence, it is an affirmative defense under subparagraph (3) of paragraph (a)of subsection 1 that the defendant consumed a sufficient quantity of alcoholafter driving or being in actual physical control of the vehicle, and beforehis blood or breath was tested, to cause him to have a concentration of alcoholof 0.08 or more in his blood or breath. A defendant who intends to offer thisdefense at a trial or preliminary hearing must, not less than 14 days beforethe trial or hearing or at such other time as the court may direct, file andserve on the prosecuting attorney a written notice of that intent.

6. If the defendant was transporting a person who isless than 15 years of age in the vehicle at the time of the violation, thecourt shall consider that fact as an aggravating factor in determining thesentence of the defendant.

7. As used in this section, offense means:

(a) A violation of NRS484.379 or 484.3795;

(b) A homicide resulting from driving or being inactual physical control of a vehicle while under the influence of intoxicatingliquor or a controlled substance or resulting from any other conduct prohibitedby this section or NRS 484.379 or 484.3795; or

(c) A violation of a law of any other jurisdiction thatprohibits the same or similar conduct as set forth in paragraph (a) or (b).

(Added to NRS by 2005, 138)

NRS 484.37955 Vehicular homicide; segregation ofoffender; plea bargaining prohibited; affirmative defense; aggravating factor.[Effective on the date of the repeal of the federal law requiring each state tomake it unlawful for a person to operate a motor vehicle with a blood alcoholconcentration of 0.08 percent or greater as a condition to receiving federalfunding for the construction of highways in this State.]

1. A person commits vehicular homicide if he:

(a) Drives or is in actual physical control of avehicle on or off the highways of this State and:

(1) Is under the influence of intoxicatingliquor;

(2) Has a concentration of alcohol of 0.10 ormore in his blood or breath;

(3) Is found by measurement within 2 hours afterdriving or being in actual physical control of a vehicle to have aconcentration of alcohol of 0.10 or more in his blood or breath;

(4) Is under the influence of a controlledsubstance or is under the combined influence of intoxicating liquor and acontrolled substance;

(5) Inhales, ingests, applies or otherwise usesany chemical, poison or organic solvent, or any compound or combination of anyof these, to a degree which renders him incapable of safely driving orexercising actual physical control of a vehicle; or

(6) Has a prohibited substance in his blood orurine in an amount that is equal to or greater than the amount set forth insubsection 3 of NRS 484.379;

(b) Proximately causes the death of a person other thanhimself while driving or in actual physical control of a vehicle on or off thehighways of this State; and

(c) Has previously been convicted of at least threeoffenses.

2. A person who commits vehicular homicide is guiltyof a category A felony and shall be punished by imprisonment in the stateprison:

(a) For life with the possibility of parole, witheligibility for parole beginning when a minimum of 10 years has been served; or

(b) For a definite term of 25 years, with eligibilityfor parole beginning when a minimum of 10 years has been served.

3. A person imprisoned pursuant to subsection 2 must,insofar as practicable, be segregated from offenders whose crimes were violentand, insofar as practicable, be assigned to an institution or facility ofminimum security.

4. A prosecuting attorney shall not dismiss a chargeof vehicular homicide in exchange for a plea of guilty or nolo contendere to a lessercharge or for any other reason unless he knows or it is obvious that the chargeis not supported by probable cause or cannot be proved at the time of trial. Asentence imposed pursuant to subsection 2 may not be suspended nor mayprobation be granted.

5. If consumption is proven by a preponderance of theevidence, it is an affirmative defense under subparagraph (3) of paragraph (a)of subsection 1 that the defendant consumed a sufficient quantity of alcoholafter driving or being in actual physical control of the vehicle, and beforehis blood or breath was tested, to cause him to have a concentration of alcoholof 0.10 or more in his blood or breath. A defendant who intends to offer thisdefense at a trial or preliminary hearing must, not less than 14 days beforethe trial or hearing or at such other time as the court may direct, file andserve on the prosecuting attorney a written notice of that intent.

6. If the defendant was transporting a person who isless than 15 years of age in the vehicle at the time of the violation, thecourt shall consider that fact as an aggravating factor in determining thesentence of the defendant.

7. As used in this section, offense means:

(a) A violation of NRS484.379 or 484.3795;

(b) A homicide resulting from driving or being inactual physical control of a vehicle while under the influence of intoxicatingliquor or a controlled substance or resulting from any other conduct prohibitedby this section or NRS 484.379 or 484.3795; or

(c) A violation of a law of any other jurisdiction thatprohibits the same or similar conduct as set forth in paragraph (a) or (b).

(Added to NRS by 2005, 138, 173, effective on thedate of the repeal of the federal law requiring each state to make it unlawfulfor a person to operate a motor vehicle with a blood alcohol concentration of0.08 percent or greater as a condition to receiving federal funding for theconstruction of highways in this State)

NRS 484.3796 Evaluationof certain offenders before sentencing; persons qualified to conductevaluation; results of evaluation to be forwarded to Director of Department ofCorrections.

1. Before sentencing an offender for a violation of NRS 484.379 that is punishable as a felonypursuant to NRS 484.3792 or a violationof NRS 484.3795 or 484.37955, the court shall require thatthe offender be evaluated to determine whether he is an abuser of alcohol ordrugs and whether he can be treated successfully for his condition.

2. Theevaluation must be conducted by:

(a) An alcoholand drug abuse counselor who is licensed or certified pursuant to chapter 641C of NRS to make such an evaluation;

(b) A physicianwho is certified to make such an evaluation by the Board of Medical Examiners;or

(c) Apsychologist who is certified to make such an evaluation by the Board ofPsychological Examiners.

3. The alcohol and drug abuse counselor, physician orpsychologist who conducts the evaluation shall immediately forward the resultsof the evaluation to the Director of the Department of Corrections.

(Added to NRS by 1991, 784; A 1993, 1643, 2016; 1999, 1886, 3074; 2001 Special Session,245; 2005, 146,613)

NRS 484.3797 Offenderto attend meeting of panel of victims and provide proof of attendance to court.

1. The judgeor judges in each judicial district shall cause the preparation and maintenanceof a list of the panels of persons who:

(a) Have beeninjured or had members of their families or close friends injured or killed bya person who was driving or in actual physical control of a vehicle while underthe influence of intoxicating liquor or a controlled substance or who was engagingin any other conduct prohibited by NRS484.379, 484.3795 or 484.37955 or a law of any otherjurisdiction that prohibits the same or similar conduct; and

(b) Have, bycontacting the judge or judges in the district, expressed their willingness todiscuss collectively the personal effect of those crimes.

The list must include the name andtelephone number of the person to be contacted regarding each such panel and aschedule of times and locations of the meetings of each such panel. The judgeor judges shall establish, in cooperation with representatives of the membersof the panels, a fee, if any, to be paid by defendants who are ordered toattend a meeting of the panel. The amount of the fee, if any, must bereasonable. The panel may not be operated for profit.

2. Except asotherwise provided in this subsection, if a defendant pleads guilty to or isfound guilty of any violation of NRS 484.379,484.3795 or 484.37955, the court shall, in additionto imposing any other penalties provided by law, order the defendant to:

(a) Attend, atthe defendants expense, a meeting of a panel of persons who have been injuredor had members of their families or close friends injured or killed by a personwho was driving or in actual physical control of a vehicle while under theinfluence of intoxicating liquor or a controlled substance or who was engagingin any other conduct prohibited by NRS484.379, 484.3795 or 484.37955 or a law of any otherjurisdiction that prohibits the same or similar conduct, in order to have the defendantunderstand the effect such a crime has on other persons; and

(b) Pay thefee, if any, established by the court pursuant to subsection 1.

The court may, but is not requiredto, order the defendant to attend such a meeting if one is not available within60 miles of the defendants residence.

3. A person ordered to attend a meeting pursuant tosubsection 2 shall, after attending the meeting, present evidence or otherdocumentation satisfactory to the court that he attended the meeting andremained for its entirety.

(Added to NRS by 1993, 250; A 1995, 2474; 1999, 3423; 2003, 1493; 2005, 146)

NRS 484.37975 Mandatorysuspension of registration of each motor vehicle registered to person convictedof second or subsequent violation or convicted of vehicular homicide; durationof suspension; court to forward copy of order to Department; contents of order;limited exceptions.

1. If a person is convicted of:

(a) A violation of NRS484.379 that is punishable pursuant to paragraph (b) of subsection 1 of NRS 484.3792;

(b) A violation of NRS484.379 that is punishable as a felony pursuant to NRS 484.3792; or

(c) A violation of NRS484.3795 or 484.37955,

the courtshall issue an order directing the Department to suspend the registration ofeach motor vehicle that is registered to or owned by the person for 5 days.

2. If a court issues an order directing the Departmentto suspend the registration of a motor vehicle pursuant to subsection 1, thecourt shall forward a copy of the order to the Department within 5 days afterissuing the order. The order must include, without limitation, informationconcerning each motor vehicle that is registered to or owned by the person,including, without limitation, the registration number of the motor vehicle, ifsuch information is available.

3. A court shall provide for limited exceptions to theprovisions of subsection 1 on an individual basis to avoid undue hardship to aperson other than the person to whom that provision applies. Such an exceptionmust be provided if the court determines that:

(a) A member of the immediate family of the personwhose registration is suspended needs to use the motor vehicle:

(1) To travel to or from work or in the courseand scope of his employment;

(2) To obtain medicine, food or othernecessities or to obtain health care services for himself or another member ofhis immediate family; or

(3) To transport himself or another member ofhis immediate family to or from school; or

(b) An alternative means of transportation is notavailable to a member of the immediate family of the person whose registrationis suspended.

(Added to NRS by 1999, 2138; A 2005, 147)

NRS 484.3798 Feefor chemical analysis.

1. If a defendant pleads guilty to or is found guiltyof any violation of NRS 484.379, 484.3795 or 484.37955 and a chemical analysis of hisblood, urine, breath or other bodily substance was conducted, the court shall,in addition to any penalty provided by law, order the defendant to pay the sumof $60 as a fee for the chemical analysis. Except as otherwise provided in thissubsection, any money collected for the chemical analysis must not be deductedfrom, and is in addition to, any fine otherwise imposed by the court and mustbe:

(a) Collected from the defendant before or at the sametime that the fine is collected.

(b) Stated separately in the judgment of the court oron the courts docket.

2. All money collected pursuant to subsection 1 mustbe paid by the clerk of the court to the county or city treasurer, asappropriate, on or before the fifth day of each month for the preceding month.

3. The treasurer shall deposit all money received byhim pursuant to subsection 2 in the county or city treasury, as appropriate,for credit to the fund for forensic services created pursuant to NRS 453.575. The money must be accountedfor separately within the fund.

4. Except as otherwise provided in subsection 5, eachmonth the treasurer shall, from the money credited to the fund pursuant tosubsection 3, pay any amount owed for forensic services and deposit anyremaining money in the county or city general fund, as appropriate.

5. In counties that do not receive forensic servicesunder a contract with the State, the money credited to the fund pursuant tosubsection 3:

(a) Except as otherwise provided in paragraph (b), mustbe:

(1) Expended to pay for the chemical analysesperformed within the county;

(2) Expended to purchase and maintain equipmentto conduct such analyses;

(3) Expended for the training and continuingeducation of the employees who conduct such analyses; and

(4) Paid to law enforcement agencies whichconduct such analyses to be used by those agencies in the manner provided inthis subsection.

(b) May only be expended to cover the costs of chemicalanalyses conducted by, equipment used by, or training for employees of ananalytical laboratory that is approved by the Committee on Testing forIntoxication created in NRS 484.388.

(Added to NRS by 1991, 271; A 1993, 2463; 1995, 2475;2003, 1494; 2005, 148)

NRS 484.382 Impliedconsent to preliminary test; failure to submit to test; use of results of test.

1. Any personwho drives or is in actual physical control of a vehicle on a highway or onpremises to which the public has access shall be deemed to have given hisconsent to a preliminary test of his breath to determine the concentration ofalcohol in his breath when the test is administered at the direction of apolice officer at the scene of a vehicle accident or collision or where hestops a vehicle, if the officer has reasonable grounds to believe that theperson to be tested was:

(a) Driving orin actual physical control of a vehicle while under the influence ofintoxicating liquor or a controlled substance; or

(b) Engaging inany other conduct prohibited by NRS 484.379,484.3795 or 484.37955.

2. If theperson fails to submit to the test, the officer shall seize his license orpermit to drive as provided in NRS 484.385and arrest him and take him to a convenient place for the administration of areasonably available evidentiary test under NRS484.383.

3. The result of the preliminary test must not be usedin any criminal action, except to show there were reasonable grounds to make anarrest.

(Added to NRS by 1983, 1066; A 1993, 2072; 1995,1883; 1999, 2453,3424; 2001, 172; 2005, 148)

NRS 484.383 Impliedconsent to evidentiary test; exemption from blood test; choice of test;circumstances in which police officer may direct person to submit to bloodtest; restrictions on requiring urine test; failure to submit to test;notification of parent or guardian of minor directed to submit to test.

1. Except asotherwise provided in subsections 3 and 4, any person who drives or is inactual physical control of a vehicle on a highway or on premises to which thepublic has access shall be deemed to have given his consent to an evidentiarytest of his blood, urine, breath or other bodily substance to determine theconcentration of alcohol in of his blood or breath or to determine whether acontrolled substance, chemical, poison, organic solvent or another prohibitedsubstance is present, if such a test is administered at the direction of apolice officer having reasonable grounds to believe that the person to betested was:

(a) Driving orin actual physical control of a vehicle while under the influence ofintoxicating liquor or a controlled substance; or

(b) Engaging inany other conduct prohibited by NRS 484.379,484.3795 or 484.37955.

2. If theperson to be tested pursuant to subsection 1 is dead or unconscious, theofficer shall direct that samples of blood from the person be tested.

3. Any personwho is afflicted with hemophilia or with a heart condition requiring the use ofan anticoagulant as determined by a physician is exempt from any blood testwhich may be required pursuant to this section but must, when appropriatepursuant to the provisions of this section, be required to submit to a breathor urine test.

4. If theconcentration of alcohol in the blood or breath of the person to be tested isin issue:

(a) Except asotherwise provided in this section, the person may refuse to submit to a bloodtest if means are reasonably available to perform a breath test.

(b) The personmay request a blood test, but if means are reasonably available to perform abreath test when the blood test is requested, and the person is subsequentlyconvicted, he must pay for the cost of the blood test, including the fees andexpenses of witnesses in court.

(c) A policeofficer may direct the person to submit to a blood test if the officer hasreasonable grounds to believe that the person:

(1) Causeddeath or substantial bodily harm to another person as a result of driving orbeing in actual physical control of a vehicle while under the influence ofintoxicating liquor or a controlled substance or as a result of engaging in anyother conduct prohibited by NRS 484.379,484.3795 or 484.37955; or

(2) Hasbeen convicted within the previous 7 years of:

(I)A violation of NRS 484.379, 484.3795, 484.37955, subsection 2 of NRS 488.400, NRS 488.410, 488.420 or 488.425 or a law of another jurisdictionthat prohibits the same or similar conduct; or

(II)Any other offense in this State or another jurisdiction in which death orsubstantial bodily harm to another person resulted from conduct prohibited by alaw set forth in sub-subparagraph (I).

5. If thepresence of a controlled substance, chemical, poison, organic solvent oranother prohibited substance in the blood or urine of the person is in issue,the officer may direct him to submit to a blood or urine test, or both, inaddition to the breath test.

6. Except asotherwise provided in subsections 3 and 5, a police officer shall not direct aperson to submit to a urine test.

7. If a personto be tested fails to submit to a required test as directed by a police officerpursuant to this section and the officer has reasonable grounds to believe thatthe person to be tested was:

(a) Driving orin actual physical control of a vehicle while under the influence ofintoxicating liquor or a controlled substance; or

(b) Engaging inany other conduct prohibited by NRS 484.379,484.3795 or 484.37955,

the officer may direct thatreasonable force be used to the extent necessary to obtain samples of bloodfrom the person to be tested. Not more than three such samples may be takenduring the 5-hour period immediately following the time of the initial arrest.In such a circumstance, the officer is not required to provide the person witha choice of tests for determining the concentration of alcohol or presence of acontrolled substance or another prohibited substance in his blood.

8. If a person who is less than 18 years of age isdirected to submit to an evidentiary test pursuant to this section, the officershall, before testing the person, make a reasonable attempt to notify theparent, guardian or custodian of the person, if known.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 593; A 1973, 1502; 1975, 73;1979, 1164; 1981, 1361; 1983, 18, 1074; 1985, 785; 1987, 1237; 1989, 2048;1993, 117, 2073; 1995, 1883; 1997, 325, 3047; 1999, 633, 2453, 3434; 2001, 172; 2005, 149)

NRS 484.384 Testshowing concentration of alcohol of 0.08 or more in blood or breath; revocationof license, permit or privilege; periods of ineligibility to run consecutively.[Effective until the date of the repeal of the federal law requiring each stateto make it unlawful for a person to operate a motor vehicle with a bloodalcohol concentration of 0.08 percent or greater as a condition to receivingfederal funding for the construction of highways in this State.]

1. If theresult of a test given under NRS 484.382or 484.383 shows that a person had aconcentration of alcohol of 0.08 or more in his blood or breath at the time ofthe test, his license, permit or privilege to drive must be revoked as providedin NRS 484.385 and he is not eligiblefor a license, permit or privilege for a period of 90 days.

2. If arevocation of a persons license, permit or privilege to drive under NRS 62E.640 or 483.460 follows a revocation undersubsection 1 which was based on his having a concentration of alcohol of 0.08or more in his blood or breath, the Department shall cancel the revocationunder that subsection and give the person credit for any period during which hewas not eligible for a license, permit or privilege.

3. Periods of ineligibility for a license, permit orprivilege to drive which are imposed pursuant to this section must runconsecutively.

(Added to NRS by 1983, 1066; A 1995, 1884, 1919; 1999, 2455; 2003, 1158, 2561)

NRS 484.384 Test showing concentration of alcoholof 0.10 or more in blood or breath; revocation of license, permit or privilege;periods of ineligibility to run consecutively. [Effective on the date of therepeal of the federal law requiring each state to make it unlawful for a personto operate a motor vehicle with a blood alcohol concentration of 0.08 percentor greater as a condition to receiving federal funding for the construction ofhighways in this State.]

1. If theresult of a test given under NRS 484.382or 484.383 shows that a person had aconcentration of alcohol of 0.10 or more in his blood or breath at the time ofthe test, his license, permit or privilege to drive must be revoked as providedin NRS 484.385 and he is not eligiblefor a license, permit or privilege for a period of 90 days.

2. If arevocation of a persons license, permit or privilege to drive under NRS 62E.640 or 483.460 follows a revocation undersubsection 1 which was based on his having a concentration of alcohol of 0.10or more in his blood or breath, the Department shall cancel the revocationunder that subsection and give the person credit for any period during which hewas not eligible for a license, permit or privilege.

3. Periods of ineligibility for a license, permit orprivilege to drive which are imposed pursuant to this section must runconsecutively.

(Added to NRS by 1983, 1066; A 1995, 1884, 1919; 1999, 2455; 2003, 1158, 2561, effective onthe date of the repeal of the federal law requiring each state to make itunlawful for a person to operate a motor vehicle with a blood alcohol concentrationof 0.08 percent or greater as a condition to receiving federal funding for theconstruction of highways in this State)

NRS 484.385 Seizureof license or permit; order of revocation; administrative and judicial review;temporary license; sufficiency of notice. [Effective until the date of therepeal of the federal law requiring each state to make it unlawful for a personto operate a motor vehicle with a blood alcohol concentration of 0.08 percentor greater as a condition to receiving federal funding for the construction ofhighways in this State.]

1. As agentfor the Department, the officer who obtained the result of a test givenpursuant to NRS 484.382 or 484.383 shall immediately serve an order ofrevocation of the license, permit or privilege to drive on a person who has aconcentration of alcohol of 0.08 or more in his blood or breath or has adetectable amount of a prohibited substance in his blood or urine, if thatperson is present, and shall seize his license or permit to drive. The officershall then advise him of his right to administrative and judicial review of therevocation and to have a temporary license, and shall issue him a temporarylicense on a form approved by the Department if he requests one, which iseffective for only 7 days including the date of issuance. The officer shallimmediately transmit the persons license or permit to the Department alongwith the written certificate required by subsection 2.

2. When apolice officer has served an order of revocation of a drivers license, permitor privilege on a person pursuant to subsection 1, or later receives the resultof an evidentiary test which indicates that a person, not then present, had aconcentration of alcohol of 0.08 or more in his blood or breath or had adetectable amount of a prohibited substance in his blood or urine, the officershall immediately prepare and transmit to the Department, together with theseized license or permit and a copy of the result of the test, a writtencertificate that he had reasonable grounds to believe that the person had beendriving or in actual physical control of a vehicle with a concentration ofalcohol of 0.08 or more in his blood or breath or with a detectable amount of aprohibited substance in his blood or urine, as determined by a chemical test.The certificate must also indicate whether the officer served an order of revocationon the person and whether he issued the person a temporary license.

3. The Department,upon receipt of such a certificate for which an order of revocation has notbeen served, after examining the certificate and copy of the result of thechemical test, if any, and finding that revocation is proper, shall issue anorder revoking the persons license, permit or privilege to drive by mailingthe order to the person at his last known address. The order must indicate thegrounds for the revocation and the period during which the person is noteligible for a license, permit or privilege to drive and state that the personhas a right to administrative and judicial review of the revocation and to havea temporary license. The order of revocation becomes effective 5 days aftermailing.

4. Notice of an order of revocation and notice of theaffirmation of a prior order of revocation or the cancellation of a temporarylicense provided in NRS 484.387 issufficient if it is mailed to the persons last known address as shown by any applicationfor a license. The date of mailing may be proved by the certificate of anyofficer or employee of the Department, specifying the time of mailing thenotice. The notice is presumed to have been received upon the expiration of 5days after it is deposited, postage prepaid, in the United States mail.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 593; A 1973, 484, 1503; 1981,1927; 1983, 1075; 1985, 1948; 1991, 1588; 1995, 1885; 1999, 2455, 3425; 2001, 172; 2003, 2562)

NRS 484.385 Seizure of license or permit; orderof revocation; administrative and judicial review; temporary license;sufficiency of notice. [Effective on the date of the repeal of the federal lawrequiring each state to make it unlawful for a person to operate a motorvehicle with a blood alcohol concentration of 0.08 percent or greater as acondition to receiving federal funding for the construction of highways in thisState.]

1. As agentfor the Department, the officer who obtained the result of a test givenpursuant to NRS 484.382 or 484.383 shall immediately serve an order ofrevocation of the license, permit or privilege to drive on a person who has aconcentration of alcohol of 0.10 or more in his blood or breath or has adetectable amount of a prohibited substance in his blood or urine, if thatperson is present, and shall seize his license or permit to drive. The officershall then advise him of his right to administrative and judicial review of therevocation and to have a temporary license, and shall issue him a temporarylicense on a form approved by the Department if he requests one, which is effectivefor only 7 days including the date of issuance. The officer shall immediatelytransmit the persons license or permit to the Department along with thewritten certificate required by subsection 2.

2. When apolice officer has served an order of revocation of a drivers license, permitor privilege on a person pursuant to subsection 1, or later receives the resultof an evidentiary test which indicates that a person, not then present, had aconcentration of alcohol of 0.10 or more in his blood or breath or had adetectable amount of a prohibited substance in his blood or urine, the officershall immediately prepare and transmit to the Department, together with theseized license or permit and a copy of the result of the test, a writtencertificate that he had reasonable grounds to believe that the person had beendriving or in actual physical control of a vehicle with a concentration ofalcohol of 0.10 or more in his blood or breath or with a detectable amount of aprohibited substance in his blood or urine, as determined by a chemical test.The certificate must also indicate whether the officer served an order of revocationon the person and whether he issued the person a temporary license.

3. The Department,upon receipt of such a certificate for which an order of revocation has notbeen served, after examining the certificate and copy of the result of thechemical test, if any, and finding that revocation is proper, shall issue anorder revoking the persons license, permit or privilege to drive by mailingthe order to the person at his last known address. The order must indicate thegrounds for the revocation and the period during which the person is noteligible for a license, permit or privilege to drive and state that the personhas a right to administrative and judicial review of the revocation and to havea temporary license. The order of revocation becomes effective 5 days aftermailing.

4. Notice of an order of revocation and notice of theaffirmation of a prior order of revocation or the cancellation of a temporarylicense provided in NRS 484.387 issufficient if it is mailed to the persons last known address as shown by any applicationfor a license. The date of mailing may be proved by the certificate of anyofficer or employee of the Department, specifying the time of mailing thenotice. The notice is presumed to have been received upon the expiration of 5days after it is deposited, postage prepaid, in the United States mail.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 593; A 1973, 484, 1503; 1981,1927; 1983, 1075; 1985, 1948; 1991, 1588; 1995, 1885; 1999, 2455, 3425; 2001, 172; 2003, 2562,effective on the date of the repeal of the federal law requiring each state tomake it unlawful for a person to operate a motor vehicle with a blood alcoholconcentration of 0.08 percent or greater as a condition to receiving federalfunding for the construction of highways in this State)

NRS 484.386 Requirementsfor evidentiary test of breath to determine concentration of alcohol in breath;use of reasonable force to obtain sample or conduct test.

1. Except asotherwise provided in subsection 2, an evidentiary test of breath to determinethe concentration of alcohol in a persons breath may be used to establish thatconcentration only if two consecutive samples of the persons breath are takenand:

(a) Thedifference between the concentration of alcohol in the persons breathindicated by the two samples is less than or equal to 0.02;

(b) If theprovisions of paragraph (a) do not apply, a third evidentiary test of breath isadministered and the difference between the concentration of alcohol in thepersons breath indicated by the third sample and one of the first two samplesis less than or equal to 0.02; or

(c) If theprovisions of paragraphs (a) and (b) do not apply, a fourth evidentiary test isadministered. Except as otherwise provided in NRS484.383, the fourth evidentiary test must be a blood test.

2. If theperson fails to provide the second or third consecutive sample, or to submit tothe fourth evidentiary test, the results of the first test may be used alone asevidence of the concentration of alcohol in the persons breath. If for someother reason a second, third or fourth sample is not obtained, the results ofthe first test may be used with all other evidence presented to establish theconcentration.

3. If a person refuses or otherwise fails to provide asecond or third consecutive sample or submit to a fourth evidentiary test, apolice officer may direct that reasonable force be used to obtain a sample orconduct a test pursuant to NRS 484.383.

(Added to NRS by 1985, 1226; A 1991, 957; 1993, 2074;1995, 1886; 1999,2457)

NRS 484.387 Hearingby Department; additional temporary license; judicial review; cancellation oftemporary license. [Effective until the date of the repeal of the federal lawrequiring each state to make it unlawful for a person to operate a motorvehicle with a blood alcohol concentration of 0.08 percent or greater as acondition to receiving federal funding for the construction of highways in thisState.]

1. At any timewhile a person is not eligible for a license, permit or privilege to drivefollowing an order of revocation issued pursuant to NRS 484.385, he may request in writing ahearing by the Department to review the order of revocation, but he is onlyentitled to one hearing. The hearing must be conducted within 15 days afterreceipt of the request, or as soon thereafter as is practicable, in the countywhere the requester resides unless the parties agree otherwise. The Director orhis agent may issue subpoenas for the attendance of witnesses and theproduction of relevant books and papers and may require a reexamination of therequester. The Department shall issue an additional temporary license for aperiod which is sufficient to complete the administrative review.

2. The scopeof the hearing must be limited to the issue of whether the person, at the timeof the test, had a concentration of alcohol of 0.08 or more in his blood orbreath or a detectable amount of a prohibited substance in his blood or urine.Upon an affirmative finding on this issue, the Department shall affirm theorder of revocation. Otherwise, the order of revocation must be rescinded.

3. If, afterthe hearing, the order of revocation is affirmed, the person whose license,privilege or permit has been revoked is entitled to a review of the same issuesin district court in the same manner as provided by chapter 233B of NRS. The court shall notify theDepartment upon the issuance of a stay, and the Department shall issue anadditional temporary license for a period which is sufficient to complete thereview.

4. If a hearing officer grants a continuance of ahearing at the request of the person whose license was revoked, or a court doesso after issuing a stay of the revocation, the officer or court shall notifythe Department, and the Department shall cancel the temporary license andnotify the holder by mailing the order of cancellation to his last knownaddress.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 594; A 1971, 83; 1973, 485,1504; 1975, 1463; 1981, 85; 1983, 1077; 1985, 1949; 1987, 1456; 1989, 1655;1991, 1590; 1995, 1887; 1999, 2457, 3427; 2001, 172; 2003, 2562)

NRS 484.387 Hearing by Department; additionaltemporary license; judicial review; cancellation of temporary license.[Effective on the date of the repeal of the federal law requiring each state tomake it unlawful for a person to operate a motor vehicle with a blood alcoholconcentration of 0.08 percent or greater as a condition to receiving federalfunding for the construction of highways in this State.]

1. At any timewhile a person is not eligible for a license, permit or privilege to drivefollowing an order of revocation issued pursuant to NRS 484.385, he may request in writing ahearing by the Department to review the order of revocation, but he is onlyentitled to one hearing. The hearing must be conducted within 15 days afterreceipt of the request, or as soon thereafter as is practicable, in the countywhere the requester resides unless the parties agree otherwise. The Director orhis agent may issue subpoenas for the attendance of witnesses and theproduction of relevant books and papers and may require a reexamination of therequester. The Department shall issue an additional temporary license for aperiod which is sufficient to complete the administrative review.

2. The scopeof the hearing must be limited to the issue of whether the person, at the timeof the test, had a concentration of alcohol of 0.10 or more in his blood orbreath or a detectable amount of a prohibited substance in his blood or urine.Upon an affirmative finding on this issue, the Department shall affirm theorder of revocation. Otherwise, the order of revocation must be rescinded.

3. If, afterthe hearing, the order of revocation is affirmed, the person whose license,privilege or permit has been revoked is entitled to a review of the same issuesin district court in the same manner as provided by chapter 233B of NRS. The court shall notify theDepartment upon the issuance of a stay, and the Department shall issue anadditional temporary license for a period which is sufficient to complete thereview.

4. If a hearing officer grants a continuance of ahearing at the request of the person whose license was revoked, or a court doesso after issuing a stay of the revocation, the officer or court shall notifythe Department, and the Department shall cancel the temporary license andnotify the holder by mailing the order of cancellation to his last knownaddress.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 594; A 1971, 83; 1973, 485,1504; 1975, 1463; 1981, 85; 1983, 1077; 1985, 1949; 1987, 1456; 1989, 1655;1991, 1590; 1995, 1887; 1999, 2457, 3427; 2001, 172; 2003, 2562,effective on the date of the repeal of the federal law requiring each state tomake it unlawful for a person to operate a motor vehicle with a blood alcoholconcentration of 0.08 percent or greater as a condition to receiving federalfunding for the construction of highways in this State)

NRS 484.388 Committeeon Testing for Intoxication: Creation; appointment and qualifications ofmembers; meetings; quorum; appeal from decision of Committee.

1. There is hereby created the Committee on Testingfor Intoxication, consisting of five members.

2. The Director of the Department of Public Safety orhis delegate is the Chairman of the Committee. The remaining members of theCommittee are appointed by the Director and serve at his pleasure. At leastthree of the members appointed by the Director must be technically qualified infields related to testing for intoxication. Not more than three members of theCommittee may be from any one county.

3. The Committee shall meet at the call of theDirector of the Department of Public Safety and as frequently as the Committeedeems necessary. Three members of the Committee constitute a quorum. If amember is unable to attend a meeting, he may be represented by an alternateapproved by the Director.

4. Any person who is aggrieved by a decision of theCommittee may appeal in writing to a hearing officer of the Department ofPublic Safety.

(Added to NRS by 1983, 1911; A 1985, 432, 1950; 2005, 58)

NRS 484.3882 Committeeon Testing for Intoxication: Certification of breath-testing devices; creationand maintenance of list of such devices; presumption of accuracy andreliability of device; other evidence of concentration of alcohol in breath notprecluded.

1. TheCommittee on Testing for Intoxication shall:

(a) In themanner set forth in subsection 2, certify a device that the Committeedetermines is designed and manufactured to be accurate and reliable for thepurpose of testing a persons breath to determine the concentration of alcoholin the persons breath; and

(b) Create,maintain and make available to the public, free of charge, a list of thosedevices certified by the Committee, described by manufacturer and type.

2. Todetermine whether a device is designed and manufactured to be accurate andreliable for the purpose of testing a persons breath to determine the concentrationof alcohol in the persons breath, the Committee may:

(a) Use thelist of qualified products meeting the requirements for evidentialbreath-testing devices of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration;or

(b) Establishits own standards and procedures for evaluating those devices and obtainevaluations of the devices from the Director of the Department of Public Safetyor his agent.

3. If such adevice has been certified by the Committee to be accurate and reliable pursuantto this section, it is presumed that, as designed and manufactured, the deviceis accurate and reliable for the purpose of testing a persons breath to determinethe concentration of alcohol in the persons breath.

4. This section does not preclude the admission ofevidence of the concentration of alcohol in a persons breath where theinformation is obtained through the use of a device other than one of a typecertified by the Committee.

(Added to NRS by 1983, 1912; A 1985, 1950; 1993,2074; 1999, 1033,2458; 2005, 58)

NRS 484.3884 Committeeon Testing for Intoxication: Adoption of regulations to prescribe standards andprocedures to calibrate breath-testing devices; issuance of certificates byDirector of Department of Public Safety.

1. TheCommittee on Testing for Intoxication shall adopt regulations which:

(a) Prescribestandards and procedures for calibrating devices used for testing a personsbreath to determine the concentration of alcohol in the persons breath. Theregulations must specify the period within which a law enforcement agency thatuses such a device must calibrate it or have it calibrated by the Director ofthe Department of Public Safety or his agent.

(b) Establishmethods for ascertaining the competence of persons to calibrate such devicesand provide for the examination and certification of those persons by theDepartment of Public Safety. A certificate issued by the Department may not bemade effective for longer than 3 years.

(c) Prescribethe form and contents of records respecting the calibration of such deviceswhich must be kept by a law enforcement agency and any other records respectingthe maintenance or operation of those devices which it finds should be kept bysuch an agency.

2. The Director of the Department of Public Safetyshall issue a certificate to any person who is found competent to calibratesuch a device or examine others on their competence in that calibration.

(Added to NRS by 1983, 1912; A 1985, 1950; 1993,2075; 1999, 2458;2005, 59)

NRS 484.3886 Committeeon Testing for Intoxication: Adoption of regulations for certification ofpersons to operate device to test concentration in breath; judicial notice;presumption of proper operation; evidence of test performed by others notprecluded.

1. TheCommittee on Testing for Intoxication shall adopt regulations which:

(a) Establishmethods for ascertaining the competence of persons to:

(1) Operatedevices for testing a persons breath to determine the concentration of alcoholin the persons breath.

(2) Examineprospective operators and determine their competence.

(b) Provide forcertification of operators and examiners by the Department of Public Safety. Acertificate issued by the Department may not be made effective for longer than3 years.

A person who is certified as anexaminer is presumed to be certified as an operator.

2. TheDirector of the Department of Public Safety shall issue a certificate to anyperson who is found competent to operate such a device or examine others on theircompetence in that operation.

3. A courtshall take judicial notice of the certification of a person to operate devicesof one of the certified types. If a test to determine the concentration of alcoholin a persons breath has been performed with a certified type of device by a personwho is certified pursuant to this section, it is presumed that the personoperated the device properly.

4. This section does not preclude the admission ofevidence of a test of a persons breath where the test has been performed by aperson other than one who is certified pursuant to this section.

(Added to NRS by 1983, 1913; A 1985, 1951; 1993,2075; 1999, 2459;2005, 59)

NRS 484.3888 Committeeon Testing for Intoxication: Adoption of regulations for calibration of devicesto test blood or urine and certification of persons who calibrate or operatedevices or who examine operators; adoption of regulations concerning operationof devices to test blood or urine.

1. TheCommittee on Testing for Intoxication may adopt regulations that require:

(a) Thecalibration of devices which are used to test a persons blood or urine todetermine the concentration of alcohol or the presence of a controlledsubstance or another prohibited substance in the persons blood or urine;

(b) Thecertification of persons who make those calibrations;

(c) Thecertification of persons who operate devices for testing a persons blood orurine to determine the concentration of alcohol or presence of a controlled substanceor another prohibited substance in the persons blood or urine; and

(d) Thecertification of persons who examine those operators.

2. The Committee may adopt regulations that prescribethe essential procedures for the proper operation of the various types ofdevices used to test a persons blood or urine to determine the concentrationof alcohol or the presence of a controlled substance or another prohibitedsubstance in the persons blood or urine.

(Added to NRS by 1993, 2072; A 1999, 2459, 3428; 2001, 172)

NRS 484.389 Admissibilityof evidence of refusal to submit to evidentiary test and results of test;availability of results of test.

1. If a personrefuses to submit to a required chemical test provided for in NRS 484.382 or 484.383, evidence of that refusal isadmissible in any criminal or administrative action arising out of acts allegedto have been committed while the person was:

(a) Driving orin actual physical control of a vehicle while under the influence ofintoxicating liquor or a controlled substance; or

(b) Engaging inany other conduct prohibited by NRS 484.379,484.3795 or 484.37955.

2. Except asotherwise provided in subsection 3 of NRS484.382, a court or hearing officer may not exclude evidence of a requiredtest or failure to submit to such a test if the police officer or other personsubstantially complied with the provisions of NRS484.382 to 484.393, inclusive.

3. If a personsubmits to a chemical test provided for in NRS484.382 or 484.383, full informationconcerning that test must be made available, upon his request, to him or hisattorney.

4. Evidence of a required test is not admissible in acriminal or administrative proceeding unless it is shown by documentary orother evidence that the law enforcement agency calibrated the breath-testingdevice and otherwise maintained it as required by the regulations of theCommittee on Testing for Intoxication.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 594; A 1973, 1504; 1983, 1078,1914; 1993, 2076; 1995, 1888; 1999, 3428; 2005, 150)

NRS 484.391 Opportunityof arrested person to choose qualified person to administer test; substitutionof test prohibited.

1. A personwho is arrested for driving or being in actual physical control of a vehiclewhile under the influence of intoxicating liquor or a controlled substance orfor engaging in any other conduct prohibited by NRS 484.379, 484.3795 or 484.37955 must be permitted, upon hisrequest and at his expense, reasonable opportunity to have a qualified personof his own choosing administer a chemical test or tests to determine:

(a) Theconcentration of alcohol in his blood or breath; or

(b) Whether acontrolled substance, chemical, poison, organic solvent or another prohibitedsubstance is present in his blood or urine.

2. The failureor inability to obtain such a test or tests by such a person does not precludethe admission of evidence relating to the refusal to submit to a test or relatingto a test taken upon the request of a police officer.

3. A test obtained under the provisions of thissection may not be substituted for or stand in lieu of the test required by NRS 484.383.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 594; A 1973, 1504; 1999, 2459, 3428; 2001, 172; 2005, 151)

NRS 484.393 Admissibilityof results of blood test in hearing or criminal action; immunity from liabilityfor person administering blood test in certain circumstances.

1. The results of any blood test administered underthe provisions of NRS 484.383 or 484.391 are not admissible in any hearingor criminal action arising out of acts alleged to have been committed by aperson who was driving or in actual physical control of a vehicle while underthe influence of intoxicating liquor or a controlled substance or who wasengaging in any other conduct prohibited by NRS484.379, 484.3795 or 484.37955 unless:

(a) The blood tested was withdrawn by a person, otherthan an arresting officer, who:

(1) Is a physician, physician assistant,registered nurse, licensed practical nurse, emergency medical technician or aphlebotomist, technician, technologist or assistant employed in a medicallaboratory; or

(2) Has special knowledge, skill, experience,training and education in withdrawing blood in a medically acceptable manner,including, without limitation, a person qualified as an expert on that subjectin a court of competent jurisdiction or a person who has completed a course ofinstruction described in subsection 2 of NRS652.127; and

(b) The test was performed on whole blood, except ifthe sample was clotted when it was received by the laboratory, the test may beperformed on blood serum or plasma.

2. The limitation contained in paragraph (a) ofsubsection 1 does not apply to the taking of a chemical test of the urine,breath or other bodily substance.

3. No person listed in paragraph (a) of subsection 1incurs any civil or criminal liability as a result of the administering of ablood test when requested by a police officer or the person to be tested toadminister the test.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 595; A 1973, 1505; 1981, 1362;1983, 1078, 1914; 1987, 1154; 1999, 3429; 2001, 791; 2005, 151, 2041)

NRS 484.3935 Presumptionthat solution or gas used to calibrate device for testing breath is properlyprepared. If:

1. A manufacturer or technician in a laboratoryprepares a chemical solution or gas to be used in calibrating a device fortesting a persons breath to determine the concentration of alcohol in hisbreath; and

2. The technician makes an affidavit or declarationthat the solution or gas has the chemical composition that is necessary forcalibrating the device,

it ispresumed that the solution or gas has been properly prepared and is suitablefor calibrating the device.

(Added to NRS by 1983, 1913; A 1987, 686; 1993, 2076;1999, 2460)

NRS 484.394 Analysisof blood of deceased victim of accident involving motor vehicle to determinepresence and concentration of alcohol.

1. Any coroner, or other public official performinglike duties, shall in all cases in which a death has occurred as a result of anaccident involving a motor vehicle, whether the person killed is a driver,passenger or pedestrian, cause to be drawn from each decedent, within 8 hoursof the accident, a blood sample to be analyzed for the presence andconcentration of alcohol.

2. The findings of the examinations are a matter ofpublic record and must be reported to the Department by the coroner or otherpublic official within 30 days after the death.

3. Blood-alcohol analyses are acceptable only if madeby laboratories licensed to perform this function.

(Added to NRS by 1973, 893; A 1985, 1952; 1999, 2460)

NRS 484.3941 Deviceto prevent person who has consumed alcohol from starting vehicle: Devicedefined. As used in NRS 484.3941 to 484.3947, inclusive, unless the contextotherwise requires, device means a mechanism that:

1. Tests a persons breath to determine theconcentration of alcohol in his breath; and

2. If the results of the test indicate that the personhas a concentration of alcohol of 0.02 or more in his breath, prevents themotor vehicle in which it is installed from starting.

(Added to NRS by 1989, 1737; A 1993, 2076; 1997,3370; 1999, 2460)

NRS 484.3943 Deviceto prevent person who has consumed alcohol from starting vehicle: Imposition bycourt order; installation and inspection; exceptions.

1. Except as otherwise provided in subsections 2 and5, a court:

(a) May order a person convicted of a violation of NRS 484.379 that is punishable pursuant toparagraph (a) or (b) of subsection 1 of NRS484.3792, if the person is found to have had a concentration of alcohol ofless than 0.18 in his blood or breath, for a period of not less than 3 monthsnor more than 6 months, to install at his own expense a device in any motorvehicle which he owns or operates as a condition to obtaining a restrictedlicense pursuant to NRS 483.490 or as acondition of reinstatement of his driving privilege.

(b) Shall order a person convicted of:

(1) A violation of NRS 484.379 that is punishable pursuant toparagraph (a) or (b) of subsection 1 of NRS484.3792, if the person is found to have had a concentration of alcohol of0.18 or more in his blood or breath;

(2) A violation of NRS 484.379 that is punishable as a felonypursuant to NRS 484.3792; or

(3) A violation of NRS 484.3795 or 484.37955,

for a periodof not less than 12 months nor more than 36 months, to install at his ownexpense a device in any motor vehicle which he owns or operates as a conditionto obtaining a restricted license pursuant to NRS483.490 or as a condition of reinstatement of his driving privilege.

2. A court mayprovide for an exception to the provisions of subparagraph (1) of paragraph (b)of subsection 1 for a person who is convicted of a violation of NRS 484.379 that is punishable pursuant toparagraph (a) of subsection 1 of NRS484.3792, to avoid undue hardship to the person if the court determinesthat:

(a) Requiring the person to install a device in a motorvehicle which the person owns or operates would cause the person to experiencean economic hardship; and

(b) The person requires the use of the motor vehicleto:

(1) Travel to and from work or in the course andscope of his employment;

(2) Obtain medicine, food or other necessitiesor to obtain health care services for himself or another member of hisimmediate family; or

(3) Transport himself or another member of hisimmediate family to or from school.

3. If the court orders a person to install a devicepursuant to subsection 1:

(a) The court shall immediately prepare and transmit acopy of its order to the Director. The order must include a statement that adevice is required and the specific period for which it is required. TheDirector shall cause this information to be incorporated into the records ofthe Department and noted as a restriction on the persons drivers license.

(b) The person who is required to install the deviceshall provide proof of compliance to the Department before he may receive arestricted license or before his driving privilege may be reinstated, asapplicable. Each model of a device installed pursuant to this section must havebeen certified by the Committee on Testing for Intoxication.

4. A person whose driving privilege is restrictedpursuant to this section shall:

(a) If he was ordered to install a device pursuant toparagraph (a) of subsection 1, have the device inspected by the manufacturer ofthe device or its agent at least one time during the period in which he isrequired to use the device; or

(b) If he was ordered to install a device pursuant toparagraph (b) of subsection 1, have the device inspected by the manufacturer ofthe device or its agent at least one time each 90 days,

to determinewhether the device is operating properly. An inspection required pursuant tothis subsection must be conducted in accordance with regulations adoptedpursuant to NRS 484.3888. Themanufacturer or its agent shall submit a report to the Director indicatingwhether the device is operating properly and whether it has been tampered with.If the device has been tampered with, the Director shall notify the court thatordered the installation of the device.

5. If a person is required to operate a motor vehiclein the course and scope of his employment and the motor vehicle is owned by hisemployer, the person may operate that vehicle without the installation of adevice, if:

(a) The employee notifies his employer that theemployees driving privilege has been so restricted; and

(b) The employee has proof of that notification in hispossession or the notice, or a facsimile copy thereof, is with the motorvehicle.

Thisexemption does not apply to a motor vehicle owned by a business which is all orpartly owned or controlled by the person otherwise subject to this section.

6. The running of the period during which a person isrequired to have a device installed pursuant to this section commences when theDepartment issues a restricted license to him or reinstates his drivingprivilege and is tolled whenever and for as long as the person is, with regardto a violation of NRS 484.379, 484.3795 or 484.37955, imprisoned, serving a term ofresidential confinement, confined in a treatment facility, on parole or onprobation.

7. As used in this section:

(a) Concentration of alcohol of 0.18 or more in hisblood or breath means 0.18 gram or more of alcohol per 100 milliliters of theblood of a person or per 210 liters of his breath.

(b) Concentration of alcohol of less than 0.18 in hisblood or breath means less than 0.18 gram of alcohol per 100 milliliters ofthe blood of a person or per 210 liters of his breath.

(c) Treatment facility has the meaning ascribed to itin NRS 484.3793.

(Added to NRS by 1989, 1737; A 1993, 2895; 1997,3370; 1999, 2140;2005, 151, 613, 2042; 2005, 22ndSpecial Session, 105)

NRS 484.3945 Deviceto prevent person who has consumed alcohol from starting vehicle: Penalties fortampering with or driving without device; probation and suspension of sentenceprohibited; plea bargaining restricted.

1. A person required to install a device pursuant to NRS 484.3943 shall not operate a motorvehicle without a device or tamper with the device.

2. A person who violates any provision of subsection1:

(a) Must have his driving privilege revoked in themanner set forth in subsection 4 of NRS483.460; and

(b) Shall be:

(1) Punished by imprisonment in jail for notless than 30 days nor more than 6 months; or

(2) Sentenced to a term of not less than 60 daysin residential confinement nor more than 6 months, and by a fine of not lessthan $500 nor more than $1,000.

No personwho is punished pursuant to this section may be granted probation, and nosentence imposed for such a violation may be suspended. No prosecutor maydismiss a charge of such a violation in exchange for a plea of guilty or ofnolo contendere to a lesser charge or for any other reason unless, in hisjudgment, the charge is not supported by probable cause or cannot be proved attrial.

(Added to NRS by 1989, 1738; A 1997, 3371; 2003, 1495)

NRS 484.3947 Deviceto prevent person who has consumed alcohol from starting vehicle: Regulations.

1. TheCommittee on Testing for Intoxication shall on or before January 1, 1990, adoptregulations which:

(a) Provide forthe certification of each model of those devices, described by manufacturer andmodel, which it approves as designed and manufactured to be accurate andreliable to test a persons breath to determine the concentration of alcohol inthe persons breath and, if the results of the test indicate that the personhas a concentration of alcohol of 0.02 or more in his breath, prevent the motorvehicle in which it is installed from starting.

(b) Prescribethe form and content of records respecting the calibration of devices, whichmust be kept by the Director or his agent, and other records respecting themaintenance and operation of the devices which it finds should be kept by theDirector or his agent.

2. TheCommittee shall establish its own standards and procedures for evaluating themodels of the devices and obtain evaluations of those models from the Directoror his agent.

3. If a model of a device has been certified by theCommittee to be accurate and reliable pursuant to subsection 1, it is presumedthat, as designed and manufactured, each device of that model is accurate andreliable to test a persons breath to determine the concentration of alcohol inthe persons breath and, if the results of the test indicate that the personhas a concentration of alcohol of 0.02 or more in his breath, will prevent themotor vehicle in which it is installed from starting.

(Added to NRS by 1989, 1738; A 1997, 3372; 1999, 2460)

Stopping, Standing and Parking

NRS 484.395 Stopping,standing or parking outside of business or residence district.

1. Upon any highway outside of a business or residencedistrict no person shall stop, park or leave standing any vehicle, whetherattended or unattended, upon the paved or main-traveled part of the highwaywhen it is practicable to stop, park or so leave such vehicle off such part ofthe highway, but in every event an unobstructed width of the highway opposite astanding vehicle shall be left for the free passage of other vehicles and aclear view of such stopped vehicles shall be available from a distance of 200feet in each direction upon such highway.

2. This section shall not apply to the driver of anyvehicle which is disabled while on the paved or main-traveled portion of ahighway in such manner and to such extent that it is impossible to avoidstopping and temporarily leaving such disabled vehicle in such position.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1502)

NRS 484.397 Policeofficer authorized to remove certain vehicles; protocol for selection and useof towing services; duties and liability of tow car operator.

1. Whenever any police officer finds a vehiclestanding upon a highway in violation of any of the provisions of this chapter,the officer may move the vehicle, or require the driver or person in charge ofthe vehicle to move it, to a position off the paved, improved or main-traveledpart of the highway.

2. Whenever any police officer finds a vehicleunattended or disabled upon any highway, bridge or causeway, or in any tunnel,where the vehicle constitutes an obstruction to traffic or interferes with thenormal flow of traffic, the officer may provide for the immediate removal ofthe vehicle.

3. Any police officer may, subject to the requirementsof subsection 4, remove any vehicle or part of a vehicle found on the highway,or cause it to be removed, to a garage or other place of safekeeping if:

(a) The vehicle has been involved in an accident and isso disabled that its normal operation is impossible or impractical and theperson or persons in charge of the vehicle are incapacitated by reason ofphysical injury or other reason to such an extent as to be unable to providefor its removal or custody, or are not in the immediate vicinity of thedisabled vehicle;

(b) The person driving or in actual physical control ofthe vehicle is arrested for any alleged offense for which the officer isrequired by law to take the person arrested before a proper magistrate withoutunnecessary delay; or

(c) The person in charge of the vehicle is unable toprovide for its custody or removal within:

(1) Twenty-four hours after abandoning thevehicle on any freeway, United States highway or other primary arterialhighway.

(2) Seventy-two hours after abandoning thevehicle on any other highway.

4. Unless a different course of action is necessary topreserve evidence of a criminal offense, a police officer who wishes to have avehicle or part of a vehicle removed from a highway pursuant to subsection 3shall, in accordance with any applicable protocol such as a rotational scheduleregarding the selection and use of towing services, cause the vehicle or partof a vehicle to be removed by a tow car operator. The tow car operator shall,to the extent practicable and using the shortest and most direct route, removethe vehicle or part of a vehicle to his garage unless directed otherwise by thepolice officer. The tow car operator is liable for any loss of or damage to thevehicle or its contents that occurs while the vehicle is in his possession orcontrol.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1503; A 1975, 775; 1983, 849;1997, 2798; 2003,1962)

NRS 484.398 Preservationof criminal evidence on removal of vehicle from highway. Whenever any police officer provides for the removal ofany vehicle pursuant to NRS 484.397 andhas probable cause to believe that the vehicle or its contents constitute anyevidence which tends to show that a criminal offense has been committed, ortends to show that a particular person has committed a criminal offense, thepolice officer shall take such steps as may be required by law and reasonablynecessary to preserve the evidence, including but not limited to safe storage,until the evidence is released to the owner or otherwise disposed of accordingto law.

(Added to NRS by 1975, 776)

NRS 484.399 Stopping,standing or parking prohibited in specified places.

1. A person shall not stop, stand or park a vehicle,except when necessary to avoid conflict with other traffic or in compliancewith law or the directions of a police officer or official traffic-controldevice, in any of the following places:

(a) On a sidewalk;

(b) In front of a public or private driveway;

(c) Within an intersection;

(d) Within 15 feet of a fire hydrant in a place whereparallel parking is permitted, or within 20 feet of a fire hydrant if angleparking is permitted and a local ordinance requires the greater distance;

(e) On a crosswalk;

(f) Within 20 feet of a crosswalk at an intersection;

(g) Within 30 feet upon the approach to any officialtraffic-control signal located at the side of a highway;

(h) Between a safety zone and the adjacent curb orwithin 30 feet of points on the curb immediately opposite the ends of a safetyzone;

(i) Within 50 feet of the nearest rail of a railroad;

(j) Within 20 feet of a driveway entrance to any firestation and, on the side of a highway opposite the entrance to any firestation, within 75 feet of that entrance;

(k) Alongside or opposite any highway excavation orobstruction when stopping, standing or parking would obstruct traffic;

(l) On the highway side of any vehicle stopped orparked at the edge of or curb of a highway;

(m) Upon any bridge or other elevated structure orwithin a highway tunnel;

(n) Except as otherwise provided in subsection 2,within 5 feet of a public or private driveway; and

(o) At any place where official traffic-control devicesprohibit stopping, standing or parking.

2. The provisions of paragraph (n) of subsection 1 donot apply to a person operating a vehicle of the United States Postal Serviceif the vehicle is being operated for the official business of the United StatesPostal Service.

3. A person shall not move a vehicle not owned by himinto any prohibited area or away from a curb to a distance which is unlawful.

4. A local authority may place officialtraffic-control devices prohibiting or restricting the stopping, standing orparking of vehicles on any highway where in its opinion stopping, standing orparking is dangerous to those using the highway or where the vehicles which arestopping, standing or parking would unduly interfere with the free movement oftraffic. It is unlawful for any person to stop, stand or park any vehicle inviolation of the restrictions stated on those devices.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1501; A 1979, 35; 1993, 656)

NRS 484.401 Prohibitedparking in front of theaters, hotels and other buildings. A person shall not park a vehicle at any time on any ofthe following parts of highways, sidewalks or sidewalk areas, where officialtraffic-control devices are erected giving notice thereof:

1. In front of a theater entrance.

2. In front of the entrance or exit of a hotel.

3. In front of the entrance to any building where anysuch device has been erected by a local authority.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1504)

NRS 484.403 Paralleland angle parking; stopping, standing and parking on highways underjurisdiction of Department of Transportation.

1. Except as otherwise provided in this section, everyvehicle stopped or parked upon a highway where there are adjacent curbs must bestopped or parked with the right-hand wheels of the vehicle parallel to andwithin 18 inches of the right-hand curb.

2. Local authorities may by ordinance permit parkingof vehicles with the left-hand wheels adjacent to and within 18 inches of theleft-hand curb of a one-way highway.

3. Local authorities may by ordinance permit angleparking on any highway, except that angle parking must not be permitted on anyhighway constructed and maintained by the Department of Transportation underthe authority granted by chapter 408 of NRSunless the Department has determined that the highway is of sufficient width topermit angle parking without interfering with the free movement of traffic.

4. The Department of Transportation with respect tohighways under its jurisdiction may place official traffic-control devicesprohibiting or restricting the stopping, standing or parking of vehicles on anysuch highway where, in its opinion, such stopping, standing or parking isdangerous to those using the highway or where the stopping, standing or parkingof vehicles would unduly interfere with the free movement of traffic thereon.It is unlawful for any person to stop, stand or park any vehicle in violation ofthe restrictions stated on those devices.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1500; A 1979, 1806)

NRS 484.405 Obedienceto devices permitting angle parking. Uponthose highways which have official traffic-control devices permitting angleparking, a person shall not stop, stand or park a vehicle other than at theangle to the curb or edge of the highway indicated by such devices.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1500)

NRS 484.407 Speciallicense plate or plates and special or temporary parking placards and stickers:Use; alternative use of special plate or plates issued to disabled veterans;limitations.

1. Except as otherwise provided in subsection 3, anowner or operator of a motor vehicle displaying a special parking placard, aspecial parking sticker, a temporary parking placard, a temporary parkingsticker or a special plate or plates issued pursuant to NRS 482.384, or a special plate or platesfor a disabled veteran issued pursuant to NRS482.377, may park the motor vehicle for not more than 4 hours at any onetime in a parking zone restricted as to the length of time parking is permitted,without penalty, removal or impoundment of the vehicle if the parking is otherwiseconsistent with public safety and is done by a person with a permanentdisability, disability of moderate duration or temporary disability, a disabledveteran, or a person transporting any such person.

2. An owner oroperator of a motor vehicle displaying a special plate or plates for a disabledveteran issued pursuant to NRS 482.377may, without displaying a special license plate, placard or sticker issued pursuantto NRS 482.384, park in a parking spacedesignated for the handicapped if:

(a) The parkingis done by a disabled veteran; or

(b) A disabledveteran is a passenger in the motor vehicle being parked.

3. This section does not authorize the parking of amotor vehicle in any privately or municipally owned facility for parking offthe highway without paying the required fee for the time during which thevehicle is so parked.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1501; A 1973, 82; 1975, 821;1981, 784; 1985, 595; 1993, 1392; 1999, 2572; 2001, 1861; 2003, 381; 2005, 987)

NRS 484.408 Parkingspace designated for handicapped: Signs; required plates, stickers or placardsfor parking; prohibited acts; penalty.

1. Any parking space designated for the handicappedmust be indicated by a sign:

(a) Bearing the international symbol of access with orwithout the words Parking, Handicapped Parking, Handicapped Parking Onlyor Reserved for the Handicapped, or any other word or combination of wordsindicating that the space is designated for the handicapped;

(b) Stating Minimum fine of $250 for use by others orequivalent words; and

(c) The bottom of which must be not less than 4 feetabove the ground.

2. In addition to the requirements of subsection 1, aparking space designated for the handicapped which:

(a) Is designed for the exclusive use of a vehicle witha side-loading wheelchair lift; and

(b) Is located in a parking lot with 60 or more parkingspaces,

must beindicated by a sign using a combination of words to state that the space is forthe exclusive use of a vehicle with a side-loading wheelchair lift.

3. If a parking space is designed for the use of avehicle with a side-loading wheelchair lift, the space which is immediatelyadjacent and intended for use in the loading and unloading of a wheelchair intoor out of such a vehicle must be indicated by a sign:

(a) Stating No Parking or similar words whichindicate that parking in such a space is prohibited;

(b) Stating Minimum fine of $250 for violation orsimilar words indicating that the minimum fine for parking in such a space is$250; and

(c) The bottom of which must not be less than 4 feetabove the ground.

4. An owner ofprivate property upon which is located a parking space described in subsection1, 2 or 3 shall erect and maintain or cause to be erected and maintained anysign required pursuant to subsection 1, 2 or 3, whichever is applicable. If aparking space described in subsection 1, 2 or 3 is located on public property,the governmental entity having control over that public property shall erectand maintain or cause to be erected and maintained any sign required pursuantto subsection 1, 2 or 3, whichever is applicable.

5. A person shall not park a vehicle in a spacedesignated for the handicapped by a sign that meets the requirements ofsubsection 1, whether on public or privately owned property, unless he iseligible to do so and the vehicle displays:

(a) A special license plate or plates issued pursuantto NRS 482.384;

(b) A special or temporary parking placard issuedpursuant to NRS 482.384;

(c) A special or temporary parking sticker issuedpursuant to NRS 482.384;

(d) A special license plate or plates, a special ortemporary parking sticker, or a special or temporary parking placard displayingthe international symbol of access issued by another state or a foreigncountry; or

(e) A special license plate or plates for a disabledveteran issued pursuant to NRS 482.377.

6. Except as otherwise provided in this subsection, aperson shall not park a vehicle in a space that is reserved for the exclusiveuse of a vehicle with a side-loading wheelchair lift and is designated for thehandicapped by a sign that meets the requirements of subsection 2, whether onpublic or privately owned property, unless:

(a) He is eligible to do so;

(b) The vehicle displays the special license plate,plates or placard set forth in subsection 5; and

(c) The vehicle is equipped with a side-loadingwheelchair lift.

A person whomeets the requirements of paragraphs (a) and (b) may park a vehicle that is notequipped with a side-loading wheelchair lift in such a parking space if thespace is in a parking lot with fewer than 60 parking spaces.

7. A person shall not park in a space which:

(a) Is immediately adjacent to a space designed for useby a vehicle with a side-loading wheelchair lift; and

(b) Is designated as a space in which parking isprohibited by a sign that meets the requirements of subsection 3,

whether onpublic or privately owned property.

8. A person shall not use a plate, sticker or placardset forth in subsection 5 to park in a space designated for the handicappedunless he is a person with a permanent disability, disability of moderateduration or temporary disability, a disabled veteran, or the driver of avehicle in which any such person is a passenger.

9. A person with a permanent disability, disability ofmoderate duration or temporary disability to whom a:

(a) Special license plate, or a special or temporaryparking sticker, has been issued pursuant to NRS482.384 shall not allow any other person to park the vehicle or motorcycledisplaying the special license plate or special or temporary parking sticker ina space designated for the handicapped unless the person with the permanentdisability, disability of moderate duration or temporary disability is apassenger in the vehicle or on the motorcycle, or is being picked up or droppedoff by the driver of the vehicle or motorcycle, at the time that the vehicle ormotorcycle is parked in the space designated for the handicapped.

(b) Special or temporary parking placard has beenissued pursuant to NRS 482.384 shall notallow any other person to park the vehicle which displays the special ortemporary parking placard in a space designated for the handicapped unless theperson with the permanent disability, disability of moderate duration or temporarydisability is a passenger in the vehicle, or is being picked up or dropped offby the driver of the vehicle, at the time that it is parked in the spacedesignated for the handicapped.

10. A person who violates any of the provisions ofsubsections 5 to 9, inclusive, is guilty of a misdemeanor and shall bepunished:

(a) Upon the first offense, by a fine of $250.

(b) Upon the second offense, by a fine of $250 and notless than 8 hours, but not more than 50 hours, of community service.

(c) Upon the third or subsequent offense, by a fine ofnot less than $500, but not more than $1,000 and not less than 25 hours, butnot more than 100 hours, of community service.

(Added to NRS by 1981, 985; A 1985, 595, 1566; 1989,1317; 1991, 1375; 1993, 1393; 1995, 569, 2762; 1999, 54, 1680, 2573; 2001, 189, 566, 1861; 2003, 381; 2005, 987, 1370)

NRS 484.4085 Locallaw enforcement agency authorized to appoint volunteers to enforce certain lawsconcerning parking for handicapped.

1. A local lawenforcement agency may appoint volunteers to issue citations, prepared manuallyor electronically, for the violation of the provisions of NRS 484.408 or ordinances enacted by alocal authority that govern parking for the handicapped.

2. The locallaw enforcement agency appointing volunteers shall:

(a) Establishminimum qualifications for the volunteers;

(b) Providetraining to the volunteers before authorizing them to issue citations; and

(c) Provide thevolunteers with appropriate equipment, including, but not limited to, uniformsor other identifying attire and traffic citations issued in books or electronicdevices that may be used to issue citations.

3. A citationissued by a volunteer appointed pursuant to subsection 1 has the same force andeffect as a citation issued by a peace officer. The volunteer shall file theoriginal or a copy of the citation in the manner prescribed in NRS 484.813.

4. For thepurposes of this section, a person who volunteers to a local law enforcementagency to issue citations pursuant to subsection 1 shall be deemed an employeeof a political subdivision of this State for the purposes of NRS 616A.160 if he has successfullycompleted the training course for the issuance of such citations provided bythe local law enforcement agency.

5. Local lawenforcement agencies are not liable for the negligent acts or omissions of aperson who volunteers to issue citations pursuant to subsection 1 unless:

(a) Thevolunteer made a specific promise or representation to a natural person whorelied upon the promise or representation to his detriment; or

(b) The conductof the volunteer affirmatively caused the harm.

The provisions of this section arenot intended to abrogate the principle of common law that the duty ofgovernmental entities to provide services is a duty owed to the public, not toindividual persons.

6. An owner of private property on which there areparking spaces designated for the handicapped, or the owner or operator of abusiness establishment located on such property, is not liable for any acts oromissions resulting from the issuance of a citation by a volunteer pursuant tothis section.

(Added to NRS by 1997, 70; A 1999, 1145)

NRS 484.409 Parkedvehicle at nighttime: Reflectors; lights.

1. Except as otherwise provided by law, whenever avehicle equipped with all reflectors required by law is lawfully parked atnighttime upon any highway, no lights need be displayed upon such parkedvehicle.

2. Whenever lights are displayed upon a vehiclelawfully parked at nighttime upon any highway, such lights shall be depressedor dimmed, in the event cowl or parking lamps are not used.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1501)

NRS 484.411 Stopping,standing or parking in alley.

1. Unless otherwise provided by ordinance of the localauthority having jurisdiction, a person shall not:

(a) Stop, stand or park a vehicle within an alley in abusiness district except for the expeditious loading or unloading of goods.

(b) Stop, stand or park a vehicle in any other alley insuch a manner, or under such conditions as to leave available less than 10 feetof the width of the alley for the free movement of vehicular traffic.

2. A person shall not stop, stand or park a vehiclewithin an alley in such position as to block the driveway or entrance to anyabutting property.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1502)

NRS 484.413 All-nightparking prohibited. Unless otherwise providedby ordinance of the local authority having jurisdiction, a person, exceptphysicians or other persons on emergency calls, shall not park a vehicle on anyhighway which has an official traffic-control device prohibiting all-nightparking for a period of time longer than 30 minutes between the hours of 2 a.m.and 5 a.m. of any day.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1503)

NRS 484.418 Parkingfor certain purposes prohibited. No person maypark a vehicle upon any highway for the principal purpose of:

1. Displaying the vehicle for sale.

2. Washing, greasing or repairing the vehicle, exceptrepairs necessitated by an emergency.

3. Soliciting business.

4. Selling merchandise from the vehicle except in aduly established market place, or one so authorized or licensed by the localauthority.

5. Storage, or as junkage or dead storage, for morethan 72 hours.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1503; A 1987, 383)

NRS 484.421 Parkingadjacent to school. When officialtraffic-control devices are erected giving notice thereof, a person shall notpark a vehicle upon either side of any highway adjacent to any school.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1503)

NRS 484.423 Parkingon narrow highway. When officialtraffic-control devices are erected prohibiting parking upon a narrow highway,a person shall not park a vehicle upon any such highway.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1503)

NRS 484.425 Standingor parking on one-way street. When officialtraffic-control devices are erected giving notice thereof, a person shall notstand or park a vehicle upon the left-hand side of a one-way street.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1503)

NRS 484.427 Standingor parking on one-way roadway. If a laned roadwayis restricted to one direction, a person shall not stand or park a vehicle uponthe left-hand side of such one-way roadway unless official traffic-controldevices are erected permitting such standing or parking.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1503)

NRS 484.429 Stopping,standing or parking near hazardous or congested place.When official traffic-control devices are erected at hazardous orcongested places, a person shall not stop, stand or park a vehicle in any suchdesignated place.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1503)

NRS 484.431 Stopping,standing or parking in zone for loading passengers at curb. A person shall not stop, stand or park a vehicle for anypurpose or period of time except for the expeditious loading or unloading ofpassengers in any place marked as a passenger curb loading zone during hourswhen the regulations applicable to such passenger curb loading zone are effective.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1503)

NRS 484.433 Stopping,standing or parking in zone for loading freight at curb.

1. A person shall not stop, stand or park a vehiclefor any purpose or length of time other than for the expeditious unloading anddelivery or pickup and loading of materials in any place marked as a freightcurb loading zone during hours when the provisions applicable to such zones arein effect.

2. The driver of a vehicle may stop temporarily at aplace marked as a freight curb loading zone for the purpose of and whileactually engaged in loading or unloading passengers, when such stopping doesnot interfere with any motor vehicle used for the transportation of materialswhich is waiting to enter or about to enter such zone.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1504)

NRS 484.435 Stopping,standing or parking in restricted parking zone. Aperson shall not stop, stand or park a vehicle for any purpose or length oftime in any restricted parking zone other than for the purpose to which parkingin such zone is restricted, except that a driver of a passenger vehicle maystop temporarily in such zone for the purpose of and while actually engaged inloading or unloading of passengers when such stopping does not interfere withany vehicle which is waiting to enter or about to enter the zone for thepurpose of parking in accordance with the purpose to which parking isrestricted.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1504)

NRS 484.437 Stopping,standing and parking of bus or taxicab. The operatorof a bus or taxicab shall not stop, stand or park upon any highway in any businessdistrict at any place other than a bus stop or taxicab stand, respectively,except that this provision does not prohibit the driver of any such vehiclefrom temporarily stopping in accordance with other stopping, standing orparking regulations at any place for the purpose of and while engaged in theexpeditious unloading or loading of passengers.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1504)

NRS 484.439 Restricteduse of bus and taxicab stands. A person shallnot stop, stand or park a vehicle other than a bus in a bus stop, or a taxicabin a taxicab stand, when such stop or stand has been officially designated andappropriately signed, except that the driver of a passenger vehicle maytemporarily stop there and for the purpose of and while actually engaged inexpeditiously loading or unloading of passengers when such stopping does notinterfere with any bus or taxicab waiting to enter or about to enter such zone.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1504)

NRS 484.441 Regulationof stopping, standing or parking by local authority.

1. A local authority may erect, pursuant to ordinance,official traffic-control devices regulating the stopping, standing or parkingof vehicles on any highway under its jurisdiction.

2. When devices are erected giving notice thereof, itis unlawful for any person to stop, stand or park a vehicle for longer than thetime designated by any such sign.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1504)

NRS 484.443 Stopping,standing or parking in metered parking zone; unlawful tampering with meter.

1. When parking meters are erected by any localauthority pursuant to an adopted ordinance giving notice thereof, it isunlawful for any person to stop, stand or park a vehicle in any metered parkingzone for a period of time longer than designated by such parking meters upon adeposit of a coin of United States currency of the designated denomination.

2. Every vehicle shall be parked wholly within themetered parking space for which the meter shows parking privilege has beengranted.

3. It is unlawful for any unauthorized person toremove, deface, tamper with, open, willfully break, destroy or damage anyparking meter, or willfully to manipulate any parking meter in such a mannerthat the indicator will fail to show the correct amount of unexpired timebefore a violation occurs.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1504)

NRS 484.444 Localauthority authorized to file notice of nonpayment with Department if registeredowner of motor vehicle fails to pay certain penalties, fines or other charges;contents of notice; regulations.

1. If the registered owner of a motor vehicle fails topay any civil penalty or criminal fine or any other charge imposed against himfor a violation of:

(a) The provisions of NRS484.395 to 484.443, inclusive; or

(b) An ordinance of a local authority authorized bythis chapter which covers the same subject matter as the provisions of NRS 484.395 to 484.443, inclusive,

the localauthority which imposed that penalty, fine or charge may file a notice ofnonpayment with the Department.

2. The notice must include:

(a) The time, place and date of each violation;

(b) The number of the license plate of the vehicle andthe make and model year of the vehicle;

(c) The amount of the fine and any other charge imposedfor each violation;

(d) The total amount of money owed to the localauthority for those violations; and

(e) Any other information the Department may require.

3. The Department shall adopt regulations whichprescribe the form for the notice of nonpayment and any information which mustbe included in that notice.

(Added to NRS by 1995, 2360; A 1997, 465)

Miscellaneous Rules

NRS 484.445 Unattendedmotor vehicle: Stopping engine, locking ignition and removing key. The person driving or in charge of any motor vehicle,except a commercial vehicle loading or unloading goods shall not permit it tostand unattended without first stopping the engine, locking the ignition andremoving the key.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1502)

NRS 484.447 Unattendedmotor vehicle: Standing on grade. A vehicleshall not be permitted to stand unattended upon any perceptible grade withoutstopping the engine and effectively setting the brake thereon and turning thefront wheels to the curb or side of the highway.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1502)

NRS 484.448 Drinkingalcoholic beverage while driving motor vehicle unlawful; open container ofalcoholic beverage; additional penalty for violation committed in work zone.

1. It is unlawful for a person to drink an alcoholicbeverage while he is driving or in actual physical control of a motor vehicleupon a highway.

2. Except as otherwise provided in this subsection, itis unlawful for a person to have an open container of an alcoholic beveragewithin the passenger area of a motor vehicle while the motor vehicle is upon ahighway. This subsection does not apply to a motor vehicle which is designed,maintained or used primarily for the transportation of persons forcompensation, or to the living quarters of a house coach or house trailer.

3. A person who violates any provision of this sectionmay be subject to the additional penalty set forth in NRS 484.3667.

4. As used in this section:

(a) Alcoholic beverage has the meaning ascribed to itin NRS 202.015.

(b) Open container means a container which has beenopened or the seal of which has been broken.

(c) Passenger area means that area of a vehicle whichis designed for the seating of the driver or a passenger.

(Added to NRS by 1971, 315; A 1991, 838; 2003, 3246)

NRS 484.449 Limitationson backing. The driver of a vehicle:

1. Shall not back the vehicle unless such movement canbe made with reasonable safety and without interfering with other traffic;

2. Shall not back into an intersection, on or over acrosswalk, or around a street corner; and

3. Shall in every case yield the right-of-way tomoving traffic and pedestrians.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1498)

NRS 484.451 Drivingupon sidewalk. The driver of a vehicle shallnot drive upon or within any sidewalk area except at a permanent or temporary drivewayor alley entrance.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1507)

NRS 484.453 Obstructionof or interference with drivers view; interference with drivers control overdriving mechanism; vision of driver through required glass equipment;additional penalty for violation committed in work zone.

1. A person shall not drive a vehicle when it is soloaded, or when there are in the front seat such number of persons, exceedingthree, as to obstruct the view of the driver to the front or sides of thevehicle or as to interfere with the drivers control over the driving mechanismof the vehicle.

2. A passenger in a vehicle shall not ride in suchposition as to interfere with the drivers view ahead or to the sides, or tointerfere with his control over the driving mechanism of the vehicle.

3. Except as otherwise provided in NRS 484.6195, a vehicle must not be operatedupon any highway unless the drivers vision through any required glass equipmentis normal.

4. A person who violates any provision of this sectionmay be subject to the additional penalty set forth in NRS 484.3667.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1502; A 1993, 2434; 2003, 3246)

NRS 484.455 Ridingin house trailer. No person shall occupy ahouse trailer while it is being moved upon a public highway.

(Added to NRS by 1957, 504)(Substituted in revisionfor NRS 484.699)

NRS 484.457 Drivingon mountain highway. The driver of a motorvehicle traveling through defiles or canyons or on mountain highways shall holdsuch motor vehicle under control and as near the right hand edge of the highwayas reasonably possible.

(Added to NRS by 1957, 504)(Substituted in revisionfor NRS 484.703)

NRS 484.459 Coastingprohibited.

1. The driver of any motor vehicle when traveling upona downgrade shall not coast with the gears of such vehicle in neutral.

2. The driver of a commercial motor vehicle whentraveling upon a downgrade shall not coast with the clutch disengaged.

(Added to NRS by 1957, 504)(Substituted in revisionfor NRS 484.706)

NRS 484.461 Followingfire apparatus prohibited. The driver of any motorvehicle other than an authorized emergency vehicle on official business shallnot follow any fire apparatus traveling in response to a fire alarm closer than500 feet or driving to or park such vehicle within 500 feet of fire apparatuswhich stopped in answer to a fire alarm.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1507)

NRS 484.463 Crossingfire hose. A vehicle shall not be driven overany unprotected hose of a fire department when laid down on any highway orprivate way or place for use at any fire or alarm of fire or practice runs,without the consent of the fire department official in command.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1507)

NRS 484.465 Puttingglass or other injurious substance on highway prohibited.

1. No person shall throw or deposit upon any highwayany glass bottle, glass, nails, tacks, wire, cans or any other substance likelyto injure any person, animal or vehicle upon such highway.

2. Any person who drops, or permits to be dropped orthrown, upon any highway any destructive or injurious material shallimmediately remove the same or cause it to be removed.

3. Any person removing a wrecked or damaged vehiclefrom a highway shall remove any glass or other injurious substance dropped uponthe highway from such vehicle.

(Added to NRS by 1957, 504)(Substituted in revisionfor NRS 484.716)

NRS 484.466 Violationof curfew by drivers who are 16 or 17 years of age; exception for scheduledevents; violation does not constitute primary offense.

1. A person to whom a drivers license has been issuedpursuant to NRS 483.2521 shall notoperate a motor vehicle between the hours of 10 p.m. and 5 a.m. unless he isoperating the vehicle to drive to or from a scheduled event. A peace officershall not issue a citation to a person for operating a vehicle in violation ofthis section if the person provides evidence satisfactory to the peace officerthat the reason that the person is operating the vehicle between the hours of10 p.m. and 5 a.m. is because he is driving to or from a scheduled event.

2. A peace officer shall not stop a motor vehicle forthe sole purpose of determining whether the driver of the vehicle is violatingsubsection 1. A citation may be issued for a violation of subsection 1 only ifthe violation is discovered when the vehicle is halted or its driver isarrested for another violation or offense.

(Added to NRS by 1997, 1521; A 2005, 2309)

NRS 484.467 Drivingthrough funeral or other procession.

1. The operator of a motor vehicle shall not drivebetween the vehicles, persons or animals comprising a funeral or otherauthorized procession when those vehicles are properly identified by pennantsor other authorized insignia and while the funeral or procession is in motion,except when otherwise directed by a police officer or by the driver of avehicle escorting the funeral procession.

2. This section does not apply to authorized emergencyvehicles.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1506; A 1985, 944)

NRS 484.469 Drivingin procession.

1. All vehicles, persons or animals comprising afuneral or other procession shall follow the preceding vehicles, persons oranimals in the procession as closely as is practicable and safe.

2. Each vehicle in a funeral procession must have itshead lamps lighted.

3. The driver of a vehicle escorting a funeralprocession may display flashing amber warning lights if the appropriate permithas been issued pursuant to NRS 484.579.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1506; A 1985, 945)

NRS 484.471 Permitsrequired for certain parades and processions, sound trucks and oversized oroverweight vehicles or equipment; penalty for violation.

1. A procession, except a funeral procession, orparade, except the forces of the United States Armed Services, the militaryforces of this State and the forces of the police and fire departments, mustnot occupy, march or proceed along any highway except in accordance with thepermit issued by the proper public authority.

2. A sound truck or other vehicle equipped with anamplifier or loudspeaker must not be driven upon any highway for the purpose ofselling, offering for sale or advertising in any fashion except in accordancewith a permit issued by the proper public authority.

3. An oversized or overweight vehicle or equipmentmust not be driven, occupy or proceed upon any highway except in accordancewith a permit issued by the proper public authority.

4. Any person who violates any provision of thissection is guilty of a misdemeanor.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1506; A 1985, 945; 1987, 1103)

NRS 484.473 Unlawful riding.

1. Except as otherwise provided in subsections 2 and4, a driver shall not permit a person, with regard to a motor vehicle beingoperated on a paved highway, to ride upon or within any portion of the vehiclethat is primarily designed or intended for carrying goods or other cargo orthat is otherwise not designed or intended for the use of passengers,including, without limitation:

(a) Upon the bed of a flatbed truck; or

(b) Within the bed of a pickup truck.

2. A driver may permit a person to ride upon the bedof a flatbed truck or within the bed of a pickup truck if the person is:

(a) Eighteen years of age or older; or

(b) Under 18 years of age and the motor vehicle is:

(1) Being used in the course of farming orranching; or

(2) Being driven in a parade authorized by alocal authority.

3. A citation must be issued to a driver who permits aperson to ride upon or within a vehicle in violation of subsection 1. A driverwho is cited pursuant to this subsection shall be punished by a fine of atleast $35 but not more than $100.

4. The provisions of subsection 1 do not apply to theportion of the bed of a truck that is covered by a camper shell or slide-incamper.

5. A violation of this section:

(a) Is not a moving traffic violation for the purposesof NRS 483.473; and

(b) May not be considered as:

(1) Negligence or causation in a civil action;or

(2) Negligent or reckless driving for thepurposes of NRS 484.377.

6. As used in this section:

(a) Camper shell has the meaning ascribed to it in NRS 361.017.

(b) Slide-in camper has the meaning ascribed to it inNRS 482.113.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1507; A 2001, 1906; 2003, 3246)

NRS 484.474 Childless than 6 years of age and weighing 60 pounds or less to be secured in childrestraint system while being transported in motor vehicle; requirements forsystem; programs of training; fees; penalties; exceptions.

1. Except as otherwise provided in subsection 7, anyperson who is transporting a child who is less than 6 years of age and whoweighs 60 pounds or less in a motor vehicle operated in this State which isequipped to carry passengers shall secure the child in a child restraint systemwhich:

(a) Has been approved by the United States Departmentof Transportation in accordance with the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standardsset forth in 49 C.F.R. Part 571;

(b) Is appropriate for the size and weight of thechild; and

(c) Is installed within and attached safely andsecurely to the motor vehicle:

(1) In accordance with the instructions forinstallation and attachment provided by the manufacturer of the child restraintsystem; or

(2) In another manner that is approved by theNational Highway Traffic Safety Administration.

2. If a defendant pleads or is found guilty ofviolating the provisions of subsection 1, the court shall:

(a) In addition to any other penalty imposed by law,order the defendant to complete a program of training conducted by a person oragency approved by the Department of Public Safety in the installation and useof child restraint systems, except that the court shall waive the requirementsof this paragraph if the defendant is not a resident of the State of Nevada;and

(b) Except as otherwise provided in this paragraph,order the defendant to pay a fine of not less than $50 nor more than $500, ororder the defendant to perform not less than 8 hours nor more than 50 hours ofcommunity service. The court may:

(1) For a first offense by a defendant whocompletes a program of training described in paragraph (a), waive any amount ofthe fine or any amount of the community service; and

(2) For a second or subsequent offense by adefendant who completes a program of training described in paragraph (a), waiveany amount of the fine in excess of $50 or any amount of the community servicein excess of 8 hours,

if theperson or agency which provided the program of training to the defendantcertifies to the court that the defendant has completed the program of trainingrequired by paragraph (a), has paid the fee, if any, established for theprogram pursuant to subsection 4 and has presented for inspection by the personor agency an installed child restraint system that satisfies the provisions ofsubsection 1. The provisions of this paragraph do not authorize the waiver ofany fee established by a person or agency pursuant to subsection 4.

3. The court shall make available a list of personsand agencies approved by the Department of Public Safety to conduct programs oftraining and perform inspections of child restraint systems. The list mustinclude, without limitation, an indication of the fee, if any, established bythe person or agency pursuant to subsection 4.

4. A person or agency approved by the Department ofPublic Safety to conduct programs of training and perform inspections of childrestraint systems may, in cooperation with the Department, establish a fee tobe paid by defendants who are ordered to complete a program of training. Theamount of the fee, if any:

(a) Must be reasonable; and

(b) May, if a defendant desires to acquire a childrestraint system from such a person or agency, include the cost of a childrestraint system provided by the person or agency to the defendant.

A program oftraining may not be operated for profit.

5. For the purposes of NRS 483.473, a violation of this section isnot a moving traffic violation.

6. A violation of this section may not be considered:

(a) Negligence in any civil action; or

(b) Negligence or reckless driving for the purposes of NRS 484.377.

7. This section does not apply:

(a) To a person who is transporting a child in a meansof public transportation, including a taxi, school bus or emergency vehicle.

(b) When a physician determines that the use of such achild restraint system for the particular child would be impractical ordangerous because of such factors as the childs weight, physical unfitness ormedical condition. In this case, the person transporting the child shall carryin the vehicle the signed statement of the physician to that effect.

8. As used in this section, child restraint systemmeans any device that is designed for use in a motor vehicle to restrain, seator position children. The term includes, without limitation:

(a) Booster seats and belt-positioning seats that aredesigned to elevate or otherwise position a child so as to allow the child tobe secured with a safety belt;

(b) Integrated child seats; and

(c) Safety belts that are designed specifically to beadjusted to accommodate children.

(Added to NRS by 1983, 1888; A 1985, 1170, 2293;1995, 1528; 2003,2079; 2005, 119)

NRS 484.475 Boardingor alighting from vehicle; opening door of vehicle.

1. A person shall not board or alight from any vehiclewhile it is in motion.

2. A person shall not open the door of or board oralight from the side of a vehicle which is closest to passing traffic in such amanner as to interfere with moving vehicular traffic.

3. A person shall not leave open a door on the side ofa vehicle which is closest to passing traffic longer than is necessary forimmediate loading or unloading of passengers or cargo.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1507; A 1985, 1040)

NRS 484.477 Motormust be shut off when supply tank being filled with fuel. It shall be unlawful for the driver of any motor vehicleto leave the engine of the motor vehicle running while the supply tank of thevehicle is being filled with gasoline or other motor fuel.

[11:166:1925; NCL 4360](Substituted in revisionfor NRS 484.690)

NRS 484.479 Highwayclosed to traffic: Removal of barriers and signs unlawful; driving on highwayunlawful; additional penalty for violation committed in work zone.

1. It is unlawful for any person to remove any barrieror sign stating that a highway is closed to traffic.

2. It is unlawful to pass over a highway that ismarked, signed or barricaded to indicate that it is closed to traffic. A personwho violates any provision of this subsection may be subject to the additionalpenalty set forth in NRS 484.3667.

[14:166:1925; NCL 4363](NRS A 1969, 1509; 2003, 3247)

NRS 484.491 Fusee:Limitation on color. No fusee which producesother than red light shall be placed on the highway to warn of any stalledvehicle or other hazard to traffic.

(Added to NRS by 1963, 1268)(Substituted in revisionfor NRS 484.717)

NRS 484.493 Policeofficer to remove lights and sirens unlawfully installed or operated. A police officer shall remove and destroy, or cause to beremoved and destroyed, all red, blue or amber lights and all sirens unlawfullyinstalled or operated.

(Added to NRS by 1963, 1266; A 1985, 1041)

NRS 484.495 Drivingthrough safety zone prohibited. No vehicleshall at any time be driven through or within a safety zone.

(Added to NRS by 1957, 504)(Substituted in revisionfor NRS 484.719)

NRS 484.496 Reflectivematerial required for person directing or controlling traffic near school. All flags, belts, apparel and devices issued to a pupil orany other person who is controlling or directing traffic near a school, whenused during periods of darkness, must be made at least in part with reflectivematerials which are visible from 300 feet to approaching motorists using lawfullower beams of head lamps.

(Added to NRS by 1985, 640)

NRS 484.497 Operatorof tow car: Placement of warning signs when rendering assistance to disabledvehicle on certain roadways. The operator of atow car used for the purpose of rendering assistance to other vehicles shall,when the rendering of assistance necessitates the obstruction of any portion ofthe roadway outside a business or residence district, place a highway warningsign 100 feet in advance of and 100 feet to the rear of the disabled vehicle.

(Added to NRS by 1963, 1268)(Substituted in revisionfor NRS 484.2691)

NRS 484.499 Operatorof tow car: Placement of flares, warning lights or reflectors near warning signswhen rendering assistance to disabled vehicle on highway during darkness. Where a motor vehicle is disabled on the highway duringdarkness, the tow car operator shall immediately upon arrival place warningsigns upon the highway as prescribed in NRS484.497 and shall place not less than one red flare, red lantern, warninglight or reflector in close proximity to each warning sign.

(Added to NRS by 1963, 1268)(Substituted in revisionfor NRS 484.2692)

Operation of Bicycles and Vehicles for Play

NRS 484.501 Penalty;responsibility of parent or guardian of minor; applicability to bicycle.

1. It is a misdemeanor for any person to do any actforbidden or fail to perform any act required in NRS 484.505 to 484.513, inclusive.

2. The parent of any child and the guardian of anyward shall not authorize or knowingly permit any such child or ward to violateany of the provisions of this chapter.

3. The provisions applicable to bicycles shall applywhenever a bicycle is operated upon any highway or upon any path set aside forthe exclusive use of bicycles subject to those exceptions stated herein.

(Added to NRS by 1957, 505)(Substituted in revisionfor NRS 484.277)

NRS 484.503 Trafficlaws apply to person riding bicycle. Everyperson riding a bicycle upon a roadway has all of the rights and is subject toall of the duties applicable to the driver of a vehicle except as otherwiseprovided in NRS 484.504 to 484.513, inclusive, and except as to thoseprovisions of this chapter which by their nature can have no application.

(Added to NRS by 1957, 504; A 1997, 1728)

NRS 484.504 Personsexempt from traffic laws otherwise applicable to person riding bicycle;exception.

1. Except as otherwise provided in this section, apeace officer, a firefighter, an emergency medical technician certifiedpursuant to chapter 450B of NRS or an employeeof a pedestrian mall, who operates a bicycle while he is on duty, is not requiredto comply with any provision of NRS or any ordinance of a local governmentrelating to the operation of a bicycle while on duty if he:

(a) Is responding to an emergency call or the peaceofficer is in pursuit of a suspected violator of the law; or

(b) Determines that noncompliance with any suchprovision is necessary to carry out his duties.

2. The provisions of this section do not:

(a) Relieve a peace officer, firefighter, emergencymedical technician or employee of a pedestrian mall from the duty to operate abicycle with due regard for the safety of others.

(b) Protect such a person from the consequences of hisdisregard for the safety of others.

3. As used in this section, pedestrian mall has themeaning ascribed to it in NRS 268.811.

(Added to NRS by 1997, 1728; A 2005, 315)

NRS 484.505 Ridingon bicycle.

1. A person propelling a bicycle shall not ride otherthan upon or astride a permanent and regular seat attached thereto.

2. No bicycle shall be used to carry more persons atone time than the number for which it is designed and equipped.

(Added to NRS by 1957, 504)(Substituted in revisionfor NRS 484.272)

NRS 484.507 Clingingto another vehicle on roadway prohibited. Noperson riding upon any bicycle, coaster, roller skates, sled or toy vehicleshall attach the same or himself to any vehicle upon a roadway.

(Added to NRS by 1957, 504)(Substituted in revisionfor NRS 484.273)

NRS 484.509 Operatingbicycle on roadway.

1. Every person operating a bicycle upon a roadwayshall, except:

(a) When traveling at a lawful rate of speedcommensurate with the speed of any nearby traffic;

(b) When preparing to turn left; or

(c) When doing so would not be safe,

ride as nearto the right side of the roadway as practicable, exercising due care whenpassing a standing vehicle or one proceeding in the same direction.

2. Persons riding bicycles upon a roadway shall notride more than two abreast except on paths or parts of roadways set aside forthe exclusive use of bicycles.

(Added to NRS by 1957, 504; A 1991, 2229)

NRS 484.511 Carryingarticles. No person operating a bicycle shallcarry any package, bundle or article which prevents the driver from keeping atleast one hand upon the handle bars.

(Added to NRS by 1957, 505)(Substituted in revisionfor NRS 484.275)

NRS 484.513 Lamps,reflectors and brakes required on bicycles.

1. Every bicycle when in use at night must be equippedwith:

(a) A lamp on the front which emits a white lightvisible from a distance of at least 500 feet to the front;

(b) A red reflector on the rear of a type approved by theDepartment which must be visible from 50 feet to 300 feet to the rear whendirectly in front of lawful lower beams of head lamps on a motor vehicle; and

(c) Reflective material of a sufficient size andreflectivity to be visible from both sides of the bicycle for 600 feet whendirectly in front of the lawful lower beams of the head lamps of a motorvehicle, or in lieu of such material, a lighted lamp visible from both sidesfrom a distance of at least 500 feet.

2. Every bicycle must be equipped with a brake whichwill enable the operator to make the wheels skid on dry, level, clean pavement.

(Added to NRS by 1957, 505; A 1961, 136; 1975, 30;1985, 1464, 1952; 1991, 2229)

Operation of Low-Speed Vehicles

NRS 484.527 Low-speedvehicle defined; highways upon which low-speed vehicles may be operated;exception.

1. As used inthis section, low-speed vehicle means a motor vehicle:

(a) Designed tocarry not more than four persons;

(b) Designed tooperate at a maximum speed of at least 20 but not more than 25 miles per hour;

(c) Having atleast four wheels in contact with the ground;

(d) Having anunladen weight of less than 1,800 pounds; and

(e) Complyingwith the standards for safety of such a vehicle set forth in Federal MotorSafety Standard No. 500 at 49 C.F.R. 571.500.

2. If registered, a low-speed vehicle may be operatedupon a highway where the posted speed limit is 35 miles per hour or less. Aperson shall not operate a low-speed vehicle upon a highway where the postedspeed limit is greater than 35 miles per hour, except to cross such a highwayat an intersection.

(Added to NRS by 1999, 2572)

EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES

Scope and Effect of Regulations

NRS 484.541 Generalrequirements for equipment.

1. A person shall not drive, move, stop or park anyvehicle, or cause or knowingly permit any vehicle to be driven, moved, stoppedor parked, except for purposes of repair, on any highway if such vehicle:

(a) Is in such unsafe condition as to endanger anyperson or property.

(b) Is not equipped with lamps, reflectors, brakes,horn and other warning and signaling devices, windows, windshield, mirrors,safety glass, mufflers, fenders and tires, and other parts and equipment in theposition, condition and adjustment required by the laws of this State as tosuch parts and equipment of a vehicle on the highways of the State at the time,under the conditions and for the purposes provided in such laws.

2. With respect to any vehicle being driven, moved,stopped or parked on any highway, it is unlawful for any person to do any actforbidden, or fail to perform any act required, by the laws of this Staterelating to the lamps, brakes, fenders and other parts and equipment, size,weight and load as to such vehicle on the highways.

3. This section does not prohibit an authorizedemergency vehicle from being equipped with and displaying flashing lights whichdo not indicate a right or left turn.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1203, 1507)

Lamps and Other Equipment for Lighting

NRS 484.545 Whenlighted lamps are required.

1. Every vehicle upon a highway of this State, subjectto exceptions with respect to parked vehicles as stated in this chapter, mustdisplay lighted lamps and illuminating devices as respectively required in thischapter for different classes of vehicles:

(a) At any time from one-half hour after sunset toone-half hour before sunrise;

(b) At any other time when, because of insufficientlight or unfavorable atmospheric conditions, persons and vehicles on thehighway are not clearly discernible at a distance of 1,000 feet ahead; and

(c) When directed by an official traffic controldevice.

2. Every vehicle upon a highway must be equipped withstop lights, turn signals and other signaling devices to be lighted in themanner prescribed for the use of such devices.

[Part 6:166:1925; A 1939, 316; 1945, 268; 1955,40](NRS A 1969, 1211; 2001,1507)

NRS 484.547 Distanceof visibility and mounted height of lamps.

1. Whenever there is a requirement as to distance fromwhich lighted lamps and illuminating devices shall be visible, suchrequirements shall apply during the times and conditions specified in NRS 484.545 and measured as though thevehicle were unloaded and upon a straight, level, unlighted highway undernormal atmospheric conditions, unless a different time or condition isspecified.

2. Whenever there is a requirement as to the mountedheight of such lamps or devices, such height shall be measured from the centerof the lamp or device to the level ground upon which the vehicle stands whenthe vehicle is unloaded.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1204)

NRS 484.549 Headlamps on motor vehicles and special mobile equipment.

1. Every motor vehicle, other than a motorcycle ormoped, shall be equipped with at least two head lamps with at least one on eachside of the front of the motor vehicle, which head lamps shall comply with therequirements and limitations set forth in this chapter.

2. Every head lamp upon every motor vehicle shall belocated at a height, measured from the center of the head lamp, of not morethan 54 inches nor less than 24 inches to be measured in the manner set forthin NRS 484.547.

3. Snow removal equipment used in clearing snow fromhighways and other special mobile equipment which by the nature of its designmakes it impracticable to comply with the requirements of subsection 2 may havesuch head lamps located at a height higher than 54 inches.

[Part 6:166:1925; A 1939, 316; 1945, 268; 1955,40](NRS A 1969, 1211; 1971, 1472; 1975, 1077)

NRS 484.551 Taillamps.

1. Except as otherwise provided in this chapter and NRS 486.261, every motor vehicle, trailer,semitrailer and any vehicle which is being drawn at the end of a train ofvehicles must be equipped with at least two tail lamps mounted on the rear,which, when lighted as required by this chapter, emit a red light plainlyvisible from a distance of 500 feet to the rear, except that vehiclesmanufactured before July 1, 1969, must have at least one tail lamp if they wereoriginally equipped with only one tail lamp.

2. Only the tail lamp on the rearmost vehicle of atrain of vehicles need actually be seen from the distance specified.

3. On vehicles equipped with more than one tail lamp,the lamps must be mounted on the same level, as widely spaced laterally aspracticable and at a height of not more than 72 inches nor less than 15 inches.

4. Every passenger car, bus and truck under 80 inchesin overall width must be equipped with a lamp so constructed and placed as toilluminate with a white light the rear registration or license plate and renderit clearly legible from a distance of 50 feet to the rear.

5. All such lamps must be wired to be lighted wheneverthe head lamps or auxiliary driving lamps are lighted.

6. The provisions of this section do not apply totowable tools or equipment which is being towed during the hours of daylight.

[Part 6:166:1925; A 1939, 316; 1945, 268; 1955,40](NRS A 1969, 1211; 1981, 621; 2003, 401)

NRS 484.553 Reflectors.

1. Except as provided in subsection 3, every motorvehicle, trailer, semitrailer and pole trailer must carry on the rear, eitheras a part of the tail lamps or separately, two or more red reflectors meetingthe requirements of this section, except that vehicles of the types mentionedin NRS 484.627 must be equipped withreflectors meeting the requirements of NRS484.565 and subsection 1 of NRS 484.567.

2. Every such reflector must be mounted on the vehicleat a height not less than 15 inches nor more than 60 inches measured as setforth in NRS 484.547, and must be ofsuch size and characteristics and so mounted as to be visible at night from alldistances within 600 feet to 100 feet from the vehicle when directly in frontof lawful lower beams of head lamps, except that reflectors on vehiclesmanufactured or assembled before January 1, 1970, must be visible at night fromall distances within 350 feet to 100 feet when directly in front of lawfulupper beams of head lamps.

3. The provisions of this section do not apply totowable tools or equipment.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1204; A 1981, 621)

NRS 484.555 Stoplamps.

1. Except as provided in subsection 5, every motorvehicle, trailer and semitrailer, and any vehicle which is being drawn at theend of a train of vehicles must be equipped with two or more stop lamps, exceptthat any vehicle manufactured before July 1, 1969, must have at least one stoplamp if the vehicle was originally equipped with only one stop lamp.

2. Except as otherwise provided in this chapter, thestop lamp or lamps must:

(a) Be on the rear of the vehicle, and if there are twoor more than two must be as widely spaced laterally as practicable;

(b) Display a red, amber or yellow light visible from adistance of not less than 300 feet to the rear in normal sunlight; and

(c) Be activated upon application of the brake.

3. On a combination of vehicles, stop lamps on therearmost vehicle only are required.

4. A stop lamp may be incorporated with a tail lamp.

5. The provisions of this section do not apply totowable tools or equipment.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1204; A 1981, 622; 1987, 1343)

NRS 484.557 Turnsignals.

1. Except as provided in subsection 6, every motorvehicle, trailer, semitrailer and any vehicle which is being drawn at the endof a train of vehicles must be equipped with electric turn signal lamps, exceptthat vehicles less than 80 inches in overall width not originally equipped withelectric turn signal lamps and manufactured before July 1, 1969, are notrequired to be equipped with such lamps.

2. Such lamps must be located on the front and rear ofany such vehicle or combination of vehicles and must indicate an intention toturn by flashing lights in the direction toward which the turn is to be made.

3. The lamps showing to the front must be mounted onthe same level and as widely spaced laterally as practicable and, when signaling,must emit white or amber light, or any shade of light between white and amber.

4. The lamps showing to the rear must be mounted onthe same level and as widely spaced laterally as practicable, and, whensignaling, must emit red or amber light, or any shade of light between red andamber.

5. The lamps must be visible in normal sunlight from adistance of not less than 500 feet.

6. The provisions of this section do not apply to:

(a) Mopeds;

(b) Special mobile equipment, except when such equipmentis being towed at the end of a train of vehicles;

(c) Motorcycles propelled by a motor producing not morethan 5 brake horsepower measured at the crankshaft and having a maximum speednot exceeding 30 miles per hour upon maximum acceleration from a standing startfor 1 mile on a level surface; or

(d) Towable tools or equipment.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1204; A 1975, 1077; 1977,1355; 1981, 622)

NRS 484.559 Requirementsfor pole trailer. The requirements of this chapterwith respect to reflectors, stop lamps, turn signal lamps and tail lamps forpole trailers may be met by displaying such reflectors or lamps on the rearmostportion of the load.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1205)

NRS 484.561 Additionalequipment for lighting required on certain vehicles.

1. In addition to other equipment required in thischapter the following vehicles shall be equipped as stated in this section.

2. On every bus or truck 80 inches or more in overallwidth manufactured after January 1, 1970, there shall be the following:

(a) On the front, two clearance lamps, one at eachside, and three identification lamps meeting the requirements of subsection 8.

(b) On the rear, two clearance lamps, one at each side,and three identification lamps meeting the requirements of subsection 8.

(c) On each side, two side marker lamps, one at or nearthe front and one at or near the rear.

(d) On each side, two reflectors, one at or near thefront and one at or near the rear.

3. On every trailer or semitrailer 80 inches or morein overall width there shall be the following:

(a) On the front, two clearance lamps, one at eachside.

(b) On the rear, two clearance lamps, and threeidentification lamps meeting the requirements of subsection 8.

(c) On each side, two side marker lamps, one at or nearthe front and one at or near the rear.

(d) On each side, two reflectors, one at or near thefront and one at or near the rear.

4. For the purposes of this section converter dollymeans a vehicle with a fifth wheel lower half or equivalent mechanism, theattachment of which converts a semitrailer to a full trailer. Each such dolly,when towed singly by another vehicle, and not as part of a full trailer, shallbe equipped with one stop lamp, one tail lamp and two reflectors on the rear.No lighting devices or reflectors are required on the front or sides of anysuch dolly.

5. In addition to the requirements of subsection 3, onevery trailer and semitrailer 30 feet or more in overall length there shall be,on each side, one amber side marker lamp and one amber reflector, centrallylocated with respect to the length of the trailer and semitrailer.

6. On the front of every truck-tractor there shall betwo cab clearance lamps, one at each side, and if the truck-tractor ismanufactured after January 1, 1970, three identification lamps meeting therequirements of subsection 8.

7. On every pole trailer there shall be the following:

(a) On each side, one amber side marker lamp at or nearthe front of the load.

(b) On each side, one amber reflector at or near thefront of the load.

(c) On the rearmost part of the load or the rearmostsupport for the load, one combination marker lamp showing amber to the frontand red to the rear and side, mounted to indicate the maximum width of the poletrailer.

8. Identification lamps shall be grouped in ahorizontal row, with lamp centers spaced not less than 6 nor more than 12inches apart, and mounted on the permanent structure of the vehicle as close aspracticable to the vertical centerline, except that where the cab of a vehicleis not more than 42 inches wide at the front roof line, a single identificationlamp at the center of the cab shall be sufficient to comply with therequirements for front identification lamps.

9. On trailers designed to carry boats, front and rearclearance lamps may be located on each side of the trailer at or near themid-point of the trailer between the front and rear of the trailer to indicatethe extreme width of the trailer.

10. The provisions of this section shall not apply toa mobile home.

[Part 6:166:1925; A 1939, 316; 1945, 268; 1955,40](NRS A 1969, 1212; 1975, 35)

NRS 484.563 Colorsof certain lamps, lights and reflectors.

1. Front clearance lamps, identification lamps andthose marker lamps and reflectors mounted on the front or on the side near thefront of a vehicle must display or reflect an amber color.

2. Rear clearance lamps, identification lamps andthose marker lamps and reflectors mounted on the rear or on the sides near therear of a vehicle must display or reflect a red color.

3. All lighting devices and reflectors mounted on therear of any vehicle must display or reflect a red color, except that:

(a) The stoplight or other signal device may be red,amber or yellow.

(b) The light illuminating the license plate must bewhite.

(c) The light emitted by a backup lamp must be white oramber.

(d) The tail lamp on a motorcycle may contain a blueinsert as authorized in NRS 486.261.

[Part 6:166:1925; A 1939, 316; 1945, 268; 1955,40](NRS A 1969, 1214; 2003,402)

NRS 484.565 Mountingof reflectors, clearance lamps and side marker lamps.

1. Reflectors required in NRS 484.563 shall be mounted at a heightnot less than 15 inches and not higher than 60 inches above the ground on whichthe vehicle stands, except that if the highest part of the permanent structureof the vehicle is less than 15 inches the reflector at such point shall bemounted as high as that part of the permanent structure will permit.

2. Any required red reflector on the rear of suchvehicle may be incorporated with the tail lamp, but such reflector shall meetall the other reflector requirements of this chapter.

3. Except as provided in subsections 4 and 5,clearance lamps shall be mounted on the permanent structure of the vehicle insuch a manner as to indicate its extreme width and as near the top thereof aspracticable. Clearance lamps and side marker lamps may be mounted incombination provided illumination is given as required in this chapter withreference to both.

4. When rear identification lamps are mounted at the extremeheight of the vehicle, rear clearance lamps may be mounted at optional height.

5. When mounting of front clearance lamps at thehighest point of a trailer results in such lamps failing to mark the extremewidth of a trailer, such lamps shall be mounted at a height to indicate theextreme width of the trailer.

[Part 6:166:1925; A 1939, 316; 1945, 268; 1955,40](NRS A 1969, 1214)(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.340)

NRS 484.567 Visibilityrequirements for reflectors, clearance lamps, identification lamps and markerlamps.

1. Every reflector required by NRS 484.561 shall be of such size andcharacteristics and so maintained as to be readily visible at nighttime fromall distances within 600 feet to 100 feet from the vehicle when directly infront of lawful lower beams of head lamps.

2. Every front and rear clearance lamp andidentification lamp required by NRS 484.561shall be capable of being seen and distinguished under normal atmosphericconditions at the times lighted lamps are required at all distances between 500feet to 50 feet from the front and rear, respectively, of the vehicle on whichmounted.

3. Every side marker lamp required by NRS 484.561 shall be capable of being seenand distinguished under normal atmospheric conditions at the times lightedlamps are required at all distances between 500 and 50 feet from the side ofthe vehicle on which mounted.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1205; A 1975, 30)

NRS 484.569 Obstructedlights. Whenever motor vehicles and other vehiclesare operated in combination during the time that lights are required, any lamp(except tail lamps) need not be lighted which by reason of its location on avehicle of the combination would be obscured by another vehicle of thecombination, but this shall not affect the requirement that lighted clearancelamps be displayed on the front of the foremost vehicle required to haveclearance lamps or that all lights required on the rear of the rearmost vehicleof any combination shall be lighted.

[Part 6:166:1925; A 1939, 316; 1945, 268; 1955,40](Substituted in revision for NRS 484.360)

NRS 484.571 Lampson parked vehicle.

1. Every vehicle shall be equipped with one or morelamps which, when lighted, shall display a white or amber light visible from adistance of 500 feet to the front of the vehicle, and one or more lamps which,when lighted, shall display a red light visible from a distance of 500 feet tothe rear of the vehicle. The location of such lamps shall be such that at leastone such lamp is installed as near as practicable to the side of the vehiclewhich is closest to passing traffic.

2. Whenever a vehicle is parked upon the traveledportion of a highway during the times mentioned in NRS 484.545 and there is sufficient lightto reveal any person or object within a distance of 1,000 feet upon suchhighway, no lights need be displayed upon such parked vehicle.

3. Whenever a vehicle is parked or stopped upon thetraveled portion of a highway or shoulder adjacent thereto, whether attended orunattended during the times mentioned in NRS484.545, and there is insufficient light to reveal any person or objectwithin a distance of 1,000 feet upon such highway or roadway, such vehicleshall display lighted lamps meeting the requirements of subsection 1.

4. Any lighted head lamps upon a parked vehicle shallbe depressed or dimmed.

[Part 6:166:1925; A 1939, 316; 1945, 268; 1955,40](NRS A 1960, 60; 1969, 1215)(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.370)

NRS 484.573 Lampsand reflectors on farm tractors, farm equipment and implements of husbandry.

1. Every farm tractor and every self-propelled unit offarm equipment or implement of husbandry manufactured after January 1, 1970,shall be equipped with vehicular hazard-warning lamps of a type described in NRS 484.585, visible from a distance of notless than 1,000 feet to the front and rear in normal sunlight, which shall bedisplayed whenever any such vehicle is operated upon a highway.

2. Every farm tractor and every self-propelled unit offarm equipment or implement of husbandry manufactured after January 1, 1970,shall at all times, and every other such vehicle shall, during the timesmentioned in NRS 484.545, be equippedwith lamps and reflectors as follows:

(a) At least two head lamps meeting the requirements ofNRS 484.587.

(b) At least one red lamp visible when lighted from adistance of not less than 1,000 feet to the rear, mounted as far to the left ofthe center of the vehicle as practicable.

(c) At least two red reflectors visible from alldistances within 600 feet to 100 feet to the rear when directly in front oflawful lower beams of head lamps.

3. Every combination of farm tractor and towed farmequipment or implement of husbandry shall at all times mentioned in NRS 484.545 be equipped with lamps andreflectors as follows:

(a) The farm tractor shall be equipped as required insubsections 1 and 2.

(b) If the towed unit extends more than 4 feet to therear of the tractor or obscures any lamp on the tractor, such unit shall beequipped on the rear with at least two red reflectors visible from alldistances within 600 feet to 100 feet to the rear when directly in front oflawful lower beams of head lamps.

(c) If the towed unit extends more than 4 feet to theleft of the centerline of the tractor, such unit shall be equipped on the frontwith an amber reflector visible from all distances within 600 feet to 100 feetto the front when directly in front of lawful beams of head lamps. Suchreflector shall be so positioned as to indicate, as nearly as practicable, theextreme left projection of the towed unit.

4. The two red reflectors required by subsection 3shall be so positioned as to show from the rear, as nearly as practicable, theextreme width of the vehicle or combination carrying them.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1206)

NRS 484.575 Lampsand reflectors on other vehicles. All vehiclesincluding animal-drawn vehicles not otherwise specifically required to beequipped with lamps, shall at all times specified in NRS 484.545 be equipped with at least onelamp displaying a white light visible from a distance of not less than 500 feetto the front of the vehicle and two lamps displaying a red light visible from adistance of not less than 500 feet to the rear of the vehicle or one lampdisplaying a red light visible from a distance of not less than 500 feet to therear and two red reflectors visible from all distances of 600 to 100 feet tothe rear when illuminated by the lawful lower beams of head lamps.

[Part 6:166:1925; A 1939, 316; 1945, 268; 1955,40](NRS A 1969, 1215; 1975, 31)

NRS 484.577 Spotlamps, auxiliary lamps and lamps for fog.

1. Any motor vehicle may be equipped with not toexceed two spot lamps and every lighted spot lamp shall be so aimed and usedupon approaching another vehicle that no part of the high-intensity portion ofthe beam will strike the windshield, or any windows, mirror or occupant of avehicle in use.

2. Any motor vehicle may be equipped with not toexceed two auxiliary driving lamps mounted on the front at a height not lessthan 16 inches nor more than 42 inches above the level surface upon which thevehicle stands. The provisions of NRS484.587 apply to any combination of head lamps and auxiliary driving lamps.

3. Any motor vehicle may be equipped with not toexceed two auxiliary passing lamps mounted on the front at a height of not lessthan 24 inches nor more than 42 inches above the level surface upon which thevehicle stands. The provisions of NRS484.587 apply to any combination of head lamps and auxiliary passing lamps.

4. Any motor vehicle may be equipped with not toexceed two fog lamps mounted on the front at a height not less than 12 inchesnor more than 30 inches above the level surface upon which the vehicle standsand so aimed that when the vehicle is not loaded none of the high-intensityportion of the light to the left of center of the vehicle shall at a distanceof 25 feet ahead project higher than a level of 4 inches below the level of thecenter of the lamp from which it comes. Such lighted fog lamps may be used withlower head lamp beams as provided in NRS484.587.

[Part 6:166:1925; A 1939, 316; 1945, 268; 1955,40](NRS A 1969, 1215)(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.390)

NRS 484.579 Flashingamber warning light: Limitations on operation and display; permit to mount oncertain vehicles; fee.

1. It is unlawful to operate or display a flashingamber warning light on a vehicle except when an unusual traffic hazard existsor as authorized in NRS 484.582. Thissubsection does not prohibit the use of amber lights in electric signals for makingturns.

2. It is unlawful for any person to mount flashingamber warning lights permanently on a vehicle without a permit from the NevadaHighway Patrol.

3. The Nevada Highway Patrol, upon writtenapplication, shall issue a permit to mount a flashing amber light on:

(a) Vehicles of public utilities.

(b) Trucks for towing vehicles.

(c) Vehicles engaged in activities which create apublic hazard upon the streets or highways.

(d) Vehicles of coroners and their deputies.

(e) Vehicles of Civil Air Patrol rescue units.

(f) Vehicles of authorized sheriffs jeep squadrons.

(g) Vehicles which escort funeral processions.

(h) Vehicles operated by vendors of food or beverages,as provided in NRS 484.582.

4. Those permits expire on June 30 of each calendaryear.

5. The Nevada Highway Patrol shall charge and collectthe following fees for the issuance of a permit for the mounting of a flashingamber light:

(a) Permit for a single vehicle.......................................................................................... $2

(b) Blanket permit for more than 5 but less than 15 vehicles..................................... 12

(c) Blanket permit for 15 vehicles or more..................................................................... 24

6. Subsections 1 and 2 do not apply to an agency ofany state or political subdivision thereof, or to an agency of the FederalGovernment.

7. All fees collected by the Nevada Highway Patrolpursuant to this section must be deposited with the State Treasurer for creditto the State Highway Fund.

(Added to NRS by 1963, 1267; A 1975, 586; 1981, 129;1985, 945, 1465; 2005,677)

NRS 484.582 Displayof flashing amber warning light and signs by certain vehicles used to sell foodor beverage.

1. Any vendor of food or beverages who operates onpublic streets a vehicle which moves at a speed slower than the normal flow oftraffic and which stops or stands on the street or adjacent to the curb so thatcustomers may be served from the vehicle shall, upon obtaining a permitpursuant to NRS 484.579, mount a flashingor rotating amber warning light on the roof of that vehicle and shall displaywarning signs on the vehicle pursuant to subsection 3.

2. The amber light must be in operation when thevehicle is:

(a) Moving down a street soliciting customers at aspeed of less than 15 miles per hour; or

(b) Stopped or standing on the street or adjacent to acurb to serve customers.

3. The warning signs displayed on the vehicle mustadvise drivers of other vehicles of the danger of the presence of childrenaround the vehicle. These signs must substantially conform to the color andstyle of print used on the warning signs displayed on public school buses inthis State.

(Added to NRS by 1985, 1464)

NRS 484.583 Displayof flashing amber warning light by vehicle of public utility. Public utility vehicles actually engaged in theconstruction, removal, maintenance or inspection of utility facilities maydisplay flashing amber warning lights to the front, sides or rear whennecessarily parked other than adjacent to the curb in a highway, or when movingat a speed slower than the normal flow of traffic.

(Added to NRS by 1963, 1267)(Substituted in revisionfor NRS 484.416)

NRS 484.584 Useand display of blue tail lamps by certain vehicles of Department ofTransportation; conditions. An authorizedvehicle used by the Department of Transportation for the construction,maintenance or repair of highways may be equipped with tail lamps that emitnonflashing blue light which may be used:

1. For vehicles that perform construction, maintenanceor repair of highways, including, without limitation, vehicles used for theremoval of snow, when the vehicle is engaged in such construction, maintenanceor repair; and

2. For all other authorized vehicles of the Departmentof Transportation used in the construction, maintenance or repair of highways:

(a) In an area designated as a temporary trafficcontrol zone in which construction, maintenance or repair of a highway isconducted; and

(b) At a time when the workers who are performing theconstruction, maintenance or repair of the highway are present.

(Added to NRS by 2003, 3236)

NRS 484.585 Additionalequipment for lighting.

1. Any motor vehicle may be equipped with not morethan two side cowl or fender lamps which shall emit an amber or white lightwithout glare.

2. Any motor vehicle may be equipped with not morethan one running-board courtesy lamp on each side of the vehicle which shallemit a white or amber light without glare.

3. Any motor vehicle may be equipped with insidedoor-mounted red lamps or red reflectorizing devices or material visible to therear of the vehicle when the doors are open.

4. Any motor vehicle may be equipped with one or morebackup lamps either separately or in combination with other lamps. Backup lampsshall not be lighted when the vehicle is in forward motion.

5. Any vehicle may be equipped with lamps which may beused for the purpose of warning the drivers of other vehicles of the presenceof a vehicular traffic hazard requiring the exercise of unusual care inapproaching, overtaking or passing, and when so equipped may display suchwarning in addition to any other warning signals required by this chapter. Thelamps used to display such warning to the front shall be mounted at the samelevel and as widely spaced laterally as practicable, and shall displaysimultaneously flashing white or amber lights, or any shade of color betweenwhite and amber. The lamps used to display such warning to the rear shall bemounted at the same level and as widely spaced laterally as practicable, andshall show simultaneously flashing amber or red lights, or any shade of colorbetween amber and red. Whenever a vehicle has been equipped with such lampsthey shall be kept in good operating condition. These warning lamps shall bevisible from a distance of not less than 500 feet in normal sunlight.

6. Any motor vehicle may be equipped with not morethan two lamps designed and of sufficient intensity for the purpose ofrevealing objects only in the direction of the turn while the vehicle isturning or while the turn signal lamps are operating to signal an intention toturn. The lamps shall be designed so that no glaring light is projected intothe eyes of an approaching driver.

7. Any vehicle 80 inches or more in overall width, ifnot otherwise required by NRS 484.561,may be equipped with not more than three identification lamps showing to thefront, which shall emit an amber light without glare, and not more than threeidentification lamps showing to the rear, which shall emit a red light withoutglare. Such lamps shall be mounted in the manner provided in NRS 484.561.

8. Every motor vehicle, trailer, semitrailer and poletrailer 80 inches or more in overall width or 30 feet or more in overall lengthmanufactured after January 1, 1970, shall be equipped with hazardous warninglamps meeting the requirements of subsection 5.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1207)

NRS 484.587 Equipmentfor lighting road with multiple beams. Exceptas hereinafter provided, the head lamps or the auxiliary driving lamp or theauxiliary passing lamp, or combination thereof, on motor vehicles other thanmotorcycles or mopeds shall be so arranged that the driver may select at willbetween distributions of light projected to different elevations, and suchlamps may, in addition, be so arranged that such selection can be madeautomatically, subject to the following limitations:

1. There shall be an uppermost distribution of light,or composite beam, so aimed and of such intensity to reveal persons andvehicles at a distance of at least 350 feet ahead for all conditions ofloading.

2. There shall be a lowermost distribution of light,or composite beam, so aimed and of sufficient intensity to reveal persons andvehicles at a distance of at least 100 feet ahead; and on a straight, level roadunder any condition of loading none of the high-intensity portion of the beamshall be directed to strike the eyes of an approaching driver.

3. Every new motor vehicle, other than a motorcycle ormoped, registered in this State after January 1, 1956, which has multiple-beamroad lighting equipment shall be equipped with a beam indicator, which shall belighted whenever the uppermost distribution of light from the head lamps is inuse, and shall not otherwise be lighted. The indicator shall be so designed andlocated that when lighted it will be readily visible without glare to thedriver of the vehicle so equipped.

[Part 6:166:1925; A 1939, 316; 1945, 268; 1955,40](NRS A 1971, 1472; 1975, 1078)

NRS 484.589 Useof equipment for lighting road with multiple beams. Whenevera motor vehicle is being operated on the traveled portion of the highway, orshoulder adjacent thereto, during the times specified in NRS 484.545, the driver shall use adistribution of light, or composite beam, directed high enough and of sufficientintensity to reveal persons and vehicles at a safe distance in advance of thevehicle, subject to the following requirements and limitations:

1. Whenever a driver of a vehicle approaches anoncoming vehicle within 500 feet, the driver shall use a distribution of light,or composite beam, so aimed that the glaring rays are not projected into theeyes of the oncoming driver. The lowermost distribution of light, or composite beam,specified in subsection 2 of NRS 484.587,shall be deemed to avoid glare at all times, regardless of road contour andloading.

2. Whenever the driver of a vehicle follows anothervehicle within 300 feet to the rear, the driver shall use a distribution oflight permissible under this chapter other than the uppermost distribution oflight specified in subsection 1 of NRS 484.587.

[Part 6:166:1925; A 1939, 316; 1945, 268; 1955,40](NRS A 1969, 1216; 1985, 1041)

NRS 484.591 Numberand intensity of lamps on front of vehicle.

1. At all times specified in NRS 484.545, a lighted head lamp or headlamps meeting the requirements of NRS484.549 shall be displayed on a motor vehicle except when the vehicle isparked.

2. Whenever a motor vehicle equipped with head lampsis also equipped with any auxiliary lamps, spot lamp or any other lamp on thefront projecting a beam of intensity greater than 300 candle power, not morethan a total of four of any such lamps may be lighted at one time when upon ahighway.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1207; A 1975, 118)

Brakes

NRS 484.593 Equipmentrequired.

1. Every motor vehicle, trailer, semitrailer, housetrailer and pole trailer, and any combination of those vehicles operating upona highway must be equipped with brakes in compliance with the requirements ofthis chapter.

2. Every such vehicle and combination of vehicles,except:

(a) Special mobile equipment towed by a motor vehicleat a speed of 20 miles per hour or less;

(b) Trailers, semitrailers and house trailers having agross weight of 3,000 pounds or less, except as provided in subsection 6; and

(c) Pole dollies when used in the transportation ofpoles at a speed of 20 miles per hour or less by a public utility or agencyengaged in the business of supplying electricity or telephone service, when thetransportation is between storage yards or between a storage yard and a joblocation where the poles are to be used,

must beequipped with service brakes complying with the performance requirements of NRS 484.595 and adequate to control themovement of and to stop and hold that vehicle under all conditions of loading,and on any grade incident to its operation.

3. Every such vehicle and combination of vehicles,except motorcycles or mopeds, must be equipped with parking brakes adequate tohold the vehicle or combination of vehicles on any grade on which it isoperated, under all conditions of loading, on a surface free from snow, ice orloose material. The parking brakes must be capable of being applied inconformance with the foregoing requirements by the drivers muscular effort orby spring action or by equivalent means. Their operation may be assisted by theservice brakes or other source of power, provided that failure of the servicebrake actuation system or other power-assisting mechanism will not prevent theparking brakes from being applied in conformance with the foregoing requirements.The parking brakes must be so designed that when once applied they remainapplied with the required effectiveness despite exhaustion of any source ofenergy or leakage of any kind. The same brake drums, brake shoes and liningassemblies, brake-shoe anchors and mechanical brake-shoe actuation mechanismnormally associated with the wheel brake assemblies may be used for both theservice brakes and the parking brakes. If the means of applying the parkingbrakes and the service brakes are connected in any way, they must be soconstructed that failure of any one part will not leave the vehicle withoutoperative brakes.

4. Every vehicle must be equipped with brakes actingon all wheels except:

(a) Trailers, semitrailers, house trailers or poletrailers, manufactured or assembled before July 1, 1975, having a gross weightof 3,000 pounds or less.

(b) Any vehicle being towed in driveaway or towawayoperations, provided the combination of vehicles is capable of complying withthe performance requirements of NRS 484.595.

(c) Trucks and truck-tractors having three or moreaxles, which need not have brakes on the front wheels, except that when thosevehicles are equipped with at least two steerable axles, the wheels of onesteerable axle need not have brakes. However, those trucks and truck-tractorsmust be capable of complying with the performance requirements of NRS 484.595.

(d) Special mobile equipment.

(e) Any vehicle with three wheels in contact with theground, two of which are equipped with brakes if the vehicle is capable ofcomplying with the performance requirements of NRS 484.595.

5. Every trailer, semitrailer, house trailer and poletrailer equipped with air- or vacuum-actuated brakes and every trailer,semitrailer, house trailer and pole trailer with a gross weight in excess of3,000 pounds, manufactured or assembled after July 1, 1969, must be equippedwith brakes acting on all wheels and of such character as to be appliedautomatically and promptly, and remain applied for at least 15 minutes, uponbreakaway from the towing vehicle.

6. Every trailer, semitrailer, house trailer or poletrailer of 3,000 pounds or more gross weight or equaling more than 40 percentof the towing vehicle, manufactured or assembled before July 1, 1975, must beequipped with brakes on at least two wheels.

7. Except as otherwise provided by law, every motorvehicle used to tow a trailer, semitrailer, house trailer or pole trailerequipped with brakes must be equipped with means for providing that, in case ofbreakaway of the towed vehicle, the towing vehicle will be capable of beingstopped by the use of its service brakes.

8. Air brake systems installed on trailers must be sodesigned that the supply reservoir used to provide air for the brakes issafeguarded against backflow of air from the reservoir through the supply line.

9. Every motor vehicle, trailer, semitrailer, housetrailer or pole trailer, manufactured or assembled after July 1, 1975, andoperating upon a highway must be equipped with service brakes on all wheels ofevery vehicle, except:

(a) A trailer, semitrailer, house trailer or poletrailer of less than 1,500 pounds gross weight need not be equipped withbrakes; and

(b) Three-axle trucks, trucks and truck-tractors needonly be equipped with brakes on all wheels of the two rear axles.

[Part 6 1/2:166:1925; added 1939, 316; A 1953,152](NRS A 1965, 167; 1969, 1216; 1971, 1472; 1975, 130, 1078; 1979, 854)

NRS 484.595 Requirementsfor performance.

1. Every motor vehicle and combination of vehicles, atall times and under all conditions of loading, upon application of the servicebrake, shall be capable of:

(a) Developing a braking force that is not less thanthe percentage of its gross weight tabulated in subsection 2 for itsclassification;

(b) Decelerating to a stop from not more than 20 milesper hour at not less than the feet per second per second tabulated insubsection 2 for its classification; and

(c) Stopping from a speed of 20 miles per hour, in notmore than the distance tabulated in subsection 2 for its classification, suchdistance to be measured from the point at which movement of the service brakepedal or control begins.

2. The required braking forces, decelerations andbraking distances are tabulated as follows:

 

Brakesystem

application

Braking andbraking

forceas a distance

percentage infeet

ofgross from an

vehicleor Deceleration initial

Classification combination infeet per speed of

of Vehicles weight second 20m.p.h.

 

Passenger vehicles with a seating capacity of 10people or less including driver, not having manufacturers gross vehicle weightrating....... 52.8% 17 25

All motorcycles, mopeds and motor-driven cycles 43.5% 14 30

Single-unit vehicles with manufacturers grossvehicle weight rating of 10,000 pounds or less 43.5% 14 30

Single-unit vehicles with manufacturers grossweight rating of more than 10,000 pounds 43.5% 14 40

Combination of a two-axle towing vehicle andtrailer with a gross trailer weight of 3,000 pounds or less 43.5% 14 40

Buses, regardless of the number of axles, nothaving a manufacturers gross weight rating 43.5% 14 40

All combinations of vehicles in driveaway-towawayoperations 43.5% 14 40

All other vehicles and combinations of vehicles 43.5% 14 50

 

3. Tests for deceleration and stopping distance shallbe made on a substantially level (not to exceed plus or minus 1-percent grade),dry, smooth, hard surface that is free from loose material.

[Part 6 1/2:166:1925; added 1939, 316; A 1953,152](NRS A 1969, 1219; 1975, 1080)

NRS 484.597 Maintenance. All brakes shall be maintained in good working order andshall be so adjusted as to operate as equally as practicable with respect tothe wheels on opposite sides of the vehicle.

[Part 6 1/2:166:1925; added 1939, 316; A 1953,152](Substituted in revision for NRS 484.440)

NRS 484.599 Equipmentfor towing vehicle.

1. Every towing vehicle, when used to tow anothervehicle equipped with air-controlled brakes, in other than driveaway or towawayoperations, shall be equipped with two means for emergency application of thetrailer brakes. One of these means shall apply the brakes automatically in theevent of a reduction of the towing vehicle air supply to a fixed pressure,which shall be not lower than 20 pounds per square inch nor higher than 45pounds per square inch. The other means shall be a manually controlled devicefor applying and releasing the brakes, readily operable by a person seated inthe driving seat, and its emergency position or method of operation shall beclearly indicated. In no instance may the manual means be so arranged as topermit its use to prevent operation of the automatic means. The automatic andthe manual means required by this section may be, but are not required to be,separate.

2. Every towing vehicle used to tow other vehiclesequipped with vacuum brakes, in operations other than driveaway or towawayoperations, shall have, in addition to the single-control device required by NRS 484.601, a second control device whichcan be used to operate the brakes on towed vehicles in emergencies. The secondcontrol shall be independent of brake air, hydraulic and other pressure, andindependent of other controls, unless the braking system is so arranged thatfailure of the pressure upon which the second control depends will cause thetowed vehicle brakes to be applied automatically. The second control is notrequired to provide modulated braking.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1209)

NRS 484.601 Arrangementof system; device for control. Every motorvehicle, trailer, semitrailer, house trailer and pole trailer, and everycombination of such vehicles, except motorcycles, mopeds, power cycles andmotor-driven cycles, equipped with brakes shall have the braking system soarranged that one control device can be used to operate all service brakes. Thebraking system on the towed vehicle may be surge actuated brakes. Thisrequirement does not prohibit vehicles from being equipped with an additionalcontrol device to be used to operate brakes on the towed vehicles. Thisregulation does not apply to driveaway or towaway operations unless the brakeson the individual vehicles are designed to be operated by a single control onthe towing vehicle.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1210; A 1975, 131, 1081)

NRS 484.603 Reservoirs.

1. Every bus, truck or truck-tractor with air-operatedbrakes shall be equipped with at least one reservoir sufficient to insure that,when fully charged to the maximum pressure as regulated by the air compressorgovernor cutout setting, a full service brake application may be made withoutlowering such reservoir pressure by more than 30 percent. Each reservoir shallbe provided with means for readily draining accumulated oil or water.

2. Every truck with three or more axles equipped withvacuum-assistor type brakes and every truck-tractor and truck used for towing avehicle equipped with vacuum brakes shall be equipped with a reserve capacityor a vacuum reservoir sufficient to insure that, with the reserve capacity orreservoir fully charged and with the engine stopped, a full service brake applicationmay be made without depleting the vacuum supply by more than 30 percent.

3. All motor vehicles, trailers, semitrailers and poletrailers, when equipped with air or vacuum reservoirs or reserve capacity asrequired by this section, shall have such reservoirs or reserve capacity sosafeguarded by a check valve or equivalent device that in the event of failureor leakage in its connection to the source of compressed air or vacuum, thestored air or vacuum shall not be depleted by the leak or failure.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1210)

NRS 484.605 Warningsignals and devices for certain buses, trucks and truck-tractors.

1. Every bus, truck or truck-tractor using compressedair for the operation of its own brakes or the brakes on any towed vehicleshall be provided with a warning signal, other than a pressure gauge, readilyaudible or visible to the driver, which will operate at any time the airreservoir pressure of the vehicle is below 50 percent of the air compressorgovernor cutout pressure. In addition, each such vehicle shall be equipped witha pressure gauge visible to the driver, which indicates in pounds per squareinch the pressure available for braking.

2. Every truck-tractor and truck used for towing avehicle equipped with vacuum-operated brakes and every truck with three or moreaxles using vacuum in the operation of its brakes, except those in driveaway ortowaway operations, shall be equipped with a warning signal, other than a gaugeindicating vacuum, readily audible or visible to the driver, which will operateat any time the vacuum in the vehicles supply reservoir or reserve capacity isless than 8 inches of mercury.

3. When a vehicle required to be equipped with awarning device is equipped with both air and vacuum power for the operation ofits own brakes or the brakes on a towed vehicle, the warning devices may be,but are not required to be, combined into a single device which will serve bothpurposes. A gauge or gauges indicating pressure or vacuum shall not be deemedto be an adequate means of satisfying this requirement.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1210)

NRS 484.6055 Conditionsupon use of compression brakes; penalty.

1. The driver of a vehicle which is equipped with adevice for braking that uses the compression of the engine of the vehicle shallnot use the device at any time unless:

(a) The device is equipped with an operational muffler;or

(b) The driver reasonably believes that an emergencyrequires the use of the device to protect the physical safety of a person orothers from an immediate threat of physical injury or to protect against animmediate threat of damage to property.

2. A person who violates the provisions of thissection is guilty of a misdemeanor.

(Added to NRS by 2003, 403)

Odometers

NRS 484.606 Definitions. As used in NRS 484.606to 484.6069, inclusive, unless thecontext otherwise requires:

1. Odometer means an instrument for measuring andrecording the total distance which a motor vehicle travels while in operation.The term does not include any auxiliary odometer designed to be reset by theoperator of the motor vehicle.

2. Repair and replacement means restoration to asound working condition by replacing the odometer or any part thereof, or bycorrecting what is inoperative.

3. Transfer means to change ownership by purchase,gift or any other means.

(Added to NRS by 1973, 372; A 1995, 155)

NRS 484.6061 Unlawfuldevices.

1. It is unlawful for any person to advertise forsale, to sell, to use, to install or to have installed any device which causesan odometer to register any mileage other than the true mileage driven.

2. For purposes of this section, the true mileagedriven is that mileage traveled by the vehicle, as registered by the odometer,within the manufacturers designed tolerance for such odometer.

(Added to NRS by 1973, 372)

NRS 484.6062 Unlawfulchange of mileage. It is unlawful for anyperson or his agent to disconnect, reset or alter the odometer of any motorvehicle with the intent to change the number of miles indicated thereon.

(Added to NRS by 1973, 373)

NRS 484.6063 Operationwith intent to defraud unlawful. It isunlawful for any person, with the intent to defraud, to operate a motor vehicleon any highway of this State knowing that the odometer of such vehicle isdisconnected or nonfunctional.

(Added to NRS by 1973, 373)

NRS 484.6064 Conspiracy. It is unlawful for any person to conspire with any otherperson to violate NRS 484.606 to 484.6069, inclusive.

(Added to NRS by 1973, 373)

NRS 484.6065 Lawfulservice, repair or replacement; notice to be attached to vehicle when odometeradjusted to read zero.

1. NRS 484.606to 484.6069, inclusive, do not preventthe service, repair or replacement of an odometer, if the mileage indicated onsuch odometer remains the same as before the service, repair or replacement.

2. Where the odometer is incapable of registering thesame mileage as before such service, repair or replacement, the odometer shallbe adjusted to read zero and a notice in writing shall be attached to the leftdoor frame of the vehicle by the owner or his agent, specifying the mileageprior to repair or replacement of the odometer and the date on which it wasrepaired or replaced. Any such notice shall not be removed or altered.

(Added to NRS by 1973, 373)

NRS 484.60665 Departmentto enforce provisions of federal law relating to disclosure of odometer readingof motor vehicle and certain other information. TheDepartment shall enforce the provisions of 49 U.S.C. 32701 et seq. and theregulations adopted pursuant thereto.

(Added to NRS by 1995, 155)

NRS 484.6067 Criminalpenalties.

1. A person is guilty of a gross misdemeanor if heknowingly sells a motor vehicle whose odometer has been altered for the purposeof fraud.

2. Except as provided in subsection 1, any person whoviolates the provisions of NRS 484.606to 484.6069, inclusive, is guilty of amisdemeanor.

(Added to NRS by 1973, 373; A 1979, 1390)

NRS 484.6068 Civilpenalties. Any person who, with an intent todefraud, violates any requirement imposed by NRS484.606 to 484.6069, inclusive, isliable to the person harmed by such act or acts, in an amount equal to the sumof:

1. Three times the amount of actual damages sustainedby the person harmed or $1,500, whichever is greater; and

2. If the action of the person harmed is successful inenforcing the liability imposed by subsection 1, the costs of the actiontogether with reasonable attorneys fees, as determined by the court.

(Added to NRS by 1973, 373)

NRS 484.6069 Injunctiverelief. The Attorney General or the districtattorney of the proper county may bring an action in the district courts ofthis State to enjoin a violation of NRS484.606 to 484.6069, inclusive.

(Added to NRS by 1973, 373)

Other Equipment

NRS 484.607 Hornsand other warning devices.

1. Every motor vehicle when operated upon a highwaymust be equipped with a horn in good working order and capable of emittingsound audible under normal conditions from a distance of not less than 200feet, but the horn or other warning device must not emit an unreasonably loudor harsh sound or a whistle.

2. A person driving a motor vehicle shall, when reasonablynecessary to ensure safe operation, give audible warning with his horn, butshall not otherwise use the horn when upon a highway.

3. A vehicle must not be equipped with, and a personshall not use upon a vehicle, a siren, whistle or bell, except as otherwiseprovided in this chapter.

4. It is permissible, but not required, to equip avehicle with a theft alarm which is arranged so that it cannot be used by thedriver as an ordinary warning signal.

5. Anauthorized emergency vehicle may be equipped with a siren, whistle or bell,capable of emitting sound audible under normal conditions from a distance ofnot less than 500 feet, but the siren must not be used except when the vehicleis operated in response to an emergency call or in the immediate pursuit of anactual or suspected violator of the law, in which event the driver of thevehicle may sound the siren to warn pedestrians and other drivers of hisapproach. A driver of an emergency vehicle may operate the vehicles warninglamps without sounding the siren.

6. A driver of an emergency vehicle who operates thevehicles warning lamps without sounding the siren shall be deemed to haveadequately warned pedestrians and other drivers of his approach for the purposeof determining whether the driver met the duty to drive with due regard for thesafety of all persons pursuant to NRS484.261.

[8:166:1925; A 1939, 316; 1931 NCL 4357](NRS A1987, 1343; 2001, 740)

NRS 484.609 Unlawfulto operate out-of-state or foreign privately owned motor vehicle equipped withred light or siren; exception; penalty.

1. It is unlawful for any person to operate or causeto be operated upon the public highways of the State of Nevada any out-of-stateor foreign privately owned motor vehicle equipped with a red light or sirenattached thereto as a part of the equipment of the vehicle.

2. This section is not intended to repeal, amend or inany manner change the existing law insofar as it applies to domestic andforeign motor vehicles except in the particular instance set out in subsection1 and this section does not apply to motor vehicles registered in foreignstates having reciprocal arrangements made with the Department in relation tothe use of red lights and sirens upon out-of-state motor vehicles.

3. A violation of the provisions of this section ispunishable by a fine of not more than $250.

[1:118:1951] + [2:118:1951] + [3:118:1951](NRS A1957, 615; 1967, 595; 1985, 1952)

NRS 484.6101 Standardsand regulations for noise emission; compliance.

1. Not later than January 1, 1972, the Departmentshall adopt rules and regulations:

(a) Governing total maximum noise emissions forvehicles operating on the highways of this State.

(b) Governing maximum noise emission standards for newmotor vehicles sold in this State.

2. Rules and regulations adopted pursuant to thissection shall:

(a) Take into consideration all facts and circumstancesbearing upon the technical and economic feasibility of and the reasonablenessof compliance with such rules and regulations.

(b) Be consistent with any standards adopted by anyfederal agency governing noise emissions for vehicles in use or applying to themanufacturer of vehicles.

3. Rules and regulations adopted pursuant to thissection shall also prescribe testing procedures and instrumentation to be used,taking into consideration the testing procedures of the Society of AutomotiveEngineers.

4. The Department shall, from time to time, afterinitial adoption of rules and regulations and, as new facts concerning thecontrol of vehicle noise become available, make such amendments to the rulesand regulations as is required to maintain the highest level of vehicle noiseemission control consistent with the provisions of subsection 2.

5. On and after the effective date of the rules andregulations adopted pursuant to this section it shall be unlawful to operate onthe highways of this State any vehicle or to sell or offer for sale in thisState any vehicle which fails to comply with the emission levels established bysuch rules and regulations.

(Added to NRS by 1971, 921)

NRS 484.611 Mufflers:Prevention of emissions.

1. Every motor vehicle shall at all times be equippedwith a muffler in good working order and in constant operation to preventemissions greater than those allowed by rules and regulations established bythe Department. No person shall use a muffler cutout, bypass or similar deviceupon a motor vehicle on a highway.

2. The engine and power mechanism of every motorvehicle shall be so equipped and adjusted as to prevent the escape of excessivefumes or smoke.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1208; A 1971, 921)

NRS 484.612 Mudguards. Every truck, truck-tractor, trailer, semitrailer orcombination of those vehicles having a manufacturers gross vehicle weightrating of 26,000 pounds or more, when operated upon a highway, must be equippedwith mudguards suspended behind its rear wheels.

(Added to NRS by 1987, 437)

NRS 484.613 Mirrorson trucks. Every truck using the highways ofthis State, having a body of such width or height that obscures a view of theroad to the rear, shall be equipped with a mirror carried in such position thatthe driver of the truck shall be able to see reflected in the mirror trafficapproaching from the rear.

[20:166:1925; NCL 4370](Substituted in revisionfor NRS 484.480)

NRS 484.617 Mirrorson all motor vehicles. On and after January 1,1970, every motor vehicle, operated singly or when towing any other vehicle,shall be equipped with a mirror so located as to reflect to the driver a viewof the highway for a distance of at least 200 feet to the rear of such motorvehicle.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1208)

NRS 484.619 Windshieldand windows must be unobstructed.

1. A person shall not drive any motor vehicle with anysign, poster or other nontransparent material upon the front windshield, sidewings or side or rear windows of such vehicle which obstructs the driversclear view of the highway or any intersecting highway.

2. This section shall not apply to any sign, poster orother material displayed in the 6-inch square area of the lower corner of thewindshield farthest removed from the driver or to any other material requiredto be displayed on a windshield or window by federal or state law.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1208)

NRS 484.6195 Restrictionson tinting of windshield or side or rear window.

1. As used in this section, unless the contextotherwise requires, light transmission means the ratio of the amount of lightwhich is allowed to pass through a product or material to the amount of lightwhich falls on it.

2. Except as otherwise provided in subsections 3, 4and 5 a person shall not:

(a) Place, install, affix or apply upon the windshieldor any side or rear window of a motor vehicle which is required to beregistered in this State; or

(b) Operate on any highway a motor vehicle required tobe registered in this State on which there has been placed, installed, affixedor applied upon the windshield or any side or rear window of the motor vehicle,

anytransparent material which alters the color or reduces the light transmissionof the windshield or side or rear window.

3. The prohibition set forth in subsection 2 does notapply to:

(a) A window that is to the immediate right or left ofthe driver if the window is:

(1) Nonreflective; and

(2) Has a total light transmission through thecombination, if any, of transparent material and safety glazing of not lessthan 35 percent with a tolerance of 7 percent.

(b) A side window that is to the rear of the driver, ora rear window, if the vehicle has outside mirrors on each side that are locatedso as to reflect to the driver a view of the highway through each mirror for adistance of not less than 200 feet to the rear of the vehicle.

(c) Any transparent material that is installed, affixedor applied to the topmost portion of the windshield if:

(1) The bottom edge of the material is not lessthan 29 inches above the undepressed drivers seat when measured from a point 5inches in front of the bottom of the backrest with the drivers seat in itsrearmost and lowermost position with the vehicle on a level surface; and

(2) The material is not red or amber in color.

4. The prohibition set forth in paragraph (b) ofsubsection 2 does not apply to a motor vehicle with a model year of 1993 orolder, if transparent material was placed, installed, affixed or applied uponthe windshield or any side or rear window of the motor vehicle before July 1,1993.

5. This section does not prohibit the operation orsale of a motor vehicle which has a windshield or windows that are covered byor treated with any material, if the vehicle was sold when new or could havebeen sold when new with such material as standard or optional equipment withoutviolating any federal statute or regulation governing the sale at the time ofmanufacture.

6. The Director may, by regulation, provide forexemptions and exceptions from the provisions of subsection 2.

7. For the purposes of NRS 483.473, a violation of subsection 2 isnot a moving traffic violation.

(Added to NRS by 1993, 2433)

NRS 484.621 Windshieldwipers.

1. Every motor vehicle, except motorcycles or mopeds,equipped with a windshield shall be equipped with a self-operating windshieldwiper system which shall be so constructed as to be controlled by the driver.

2. The windshield wiper system with which the vehicleis equipped shall be maintained in good operating condition and capable ofeffectively clearing the windshield so as to provide clear vision through thewindshield for the driver under all ordinary conditions of rain, snow or othermoisture.

3. The wiper system shall be operated while thevehicle is being driven during conditions of rain, snow or other moisture whichobstruct or reduce the drivers clear view through the windshield.

4. Subsection 1 does not apply to highway maintenancevehicles, special mobile equipment, implements of husbandry, or vehiclesmanufactured before July 1, 1935, with adequate manually operated windshieldwipers.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1209; A 1971, 1474; 1975, 205,1081)

NRS 484.623 Safetyglazing material in motor vehicles and campers.

1. It is unlawful for any person to sell, offer forsale or drive any motor vehicle manufactured after January 1, 1970, unless thevehicle is equipped with safety glazing material wherever glazing materials areused in the vehicle for partitions, doors, windows, windshields or winddeflectors.

2. It is unlawful for any person to sell or offer forsale any camper manufactured after January 1, 1970, or for any person to drivesuch a motor vehicle registered in this State which is equipped with a camper,unless the camper is equipped with safety glazing materials wherever glazingmaterials are used in outside windows and doors. As used in this subsection,camper means any structure designed to be loaded onto, or affixed to, a motorvehicle to provide temporary living quarters for recreation, travel or otheruse.

3. As used in this section, safety glazing materialsmeans glazing materials so constructed, treated or combined with othermaterials as to reduce substantially, in comparison with ordinary sheet glass,the likelihood of injury to persons by objects from exterior sources or by thesafety glazing materials when they may be cracked or broken.

4. The Department shall establish specifications orrequirements for approved safety glazing material which must not be lower instandard than those specifications or requirements for safety glazing materialestablished by the American National Standards Institute Safety CodeZ26.1-1950, and shall maintain a list of approved safety glazing material.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1208; A 1975, 33; 1985, 1953)

NRS 484.625 Replacementof glazing materials. It is unlawful for anyperson to replace glazing materials used in partitions, doors, windows,windshields or wind deflectors in any motor vehicle, or in the outside windowsor doors of any camper, as defined in NRS484.623, with any glazing material other than safety glazing material, asdefined in NRS 484.623.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1209)

NRS 484.627 Certainvehicles to carry pot torches, lanterns or reflectors; display of devices whenvehicle is disabled.

1. Every bus, truck and truck-tractor and everycombination of vehicles 80 inches or more in overall width, except implementsof husbandry, shall be equipped with at least three pot torches, three redelectric lanterns or three red emergency reflectors.

2. Except as otherwise provided in subsections 3, 4and 5, when any such vehicle is disabled on any portion of the traveled portionof a highway during any time specified in NRS484.545, such torches, lanterns or reflectors shall be placed as soon aspossible as follows:

(a) One at the traffic side of the vehicle, not morethan 10 feet to the front or rear thereof;

(b) One at a distance of approximately 100 feet to therear of the disabled vehicle in the center of the traffic lane occupied by suchvehicle; and

(c) One at a distance of approximately 100 feet to thefront of the vehicle in the center of the traffic lane occupied by suchvehicle.

3. If the vehicle is disabled within 500 feet of acurve, crest of a hill or other obstruction to view, the torch, lantern orreflector to be placed in that direction shall be placed so as to afford amplewarning to other users of the highway, but not less than 100 feet or more than500 feet from the vehicle.

4. When any such vehicle is disabled on any portion ofthe traveled portion of a one-way highway with two or more traffic lanes duringany time specified in NRS 484.545, suchtorches, lanterns or reflectors shall be placed as soon as possible as providedin subsection 2, except that the torch, lantern or reflector to be placed atthe front of the vehicle shall be placed 200 feet to the rear of the vehicle.

5. When any such vehicle is disabled or parked off thetraveled portion of a highway, but within 10 feet of such portion, during anytime specified in NRS 484.545, suchtorches, lanterns or reflectors shall be placed as soon as possible as follows:

(a) One at the traffic side of the vehicle not morethan 10 feet to the rear of the vehicle;

(b) One at a distance of approximately 100 feet to therear of the vehicle; and

(c) One at a distance of approximately 200 feet to therear of the vehicle.

6. When any such vehicle is equipped with front turnsignals which flash simultaneously and rear turn signals which flashsimultaneously or with fusees, such turn signals shall be immediately operatedor such fusees shall be placed as provided in this section for the placing oftorches, lanterns or reflectors until such torches, lanterns or reflectors havebeen placed.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1205)

NRS 484.629 Displayof warning devices by vehicle of public utility parked at site of work. When utility or public utility vehicles are parked,stopped or standing at the site of work as described in NRS 484.583, warning devices shall bedisplayed as follows:

1. During daylight, warning devices shall consist ofeither:

(a) A warning flag or barricade striping on the frontand rear of the vehicle.

(b) A warning flag, sign or barrier on the highway notmore than 50 feet in advance of the vehicle and not more than 50 feet to the rearthereof, except that in zones where the speed limit is in excess of 25 milesper hour the 50-foot distance may be increased up to 500 feet from the vehicleas circumstances may warrant.

2. During darkness, the warning devices shall consistof either:

(a) One or more flashing amber warning lights on thevehicle giving warning to approaching traffic from each direction; or

(b) A warning light, flare, fusee or reflector on thehighway not more than 50 feet in advance of the vehicle and not more than 50feet to the rear thereof, except that in zones where the speed limit is inexcess of 25 miles per hour the 50-foot distance may be increased up to 500feet from the vehicle where circumstances may warrant.

3. The provisions of subsection 1 or 2 do not preventthe display of both types of the warning devices during daylight or darkness.

4. During either daylight or darkness, no warningdevice is necessary if the vehicle is equipped with the flashing warning lightsvisible to approaching traffic from each direction as provided in subsection 2.

(Added to NRS by 1963, 1267)(Substituted in revisionfor NRS 484.417)

NRS 484.631 Towcars required to be equipped with broom, shovel and fire extinguisher; dutiesof driver; failure to perform duties.

1. Tow cars must be equipped with:

(a) One or more brooms, and the driver of the tow carengaged to remove a disabled vehicle from the scene of an accident shall removeall glass and debris deposited upon the roadway by the disabled vehicle whichis to be towed.

(b) A shovel, and whenever practical the driver of thetow car engaged to remove any disabled vehicle shall spread dirt upon anyportion of the roadway where oil or grease has been deposited by the disabledvehicle.

(c) At least one fire extinguisher of the dry chemicalor carbon dioxide type, with minimum effective chemicals of no less than 5pounds, with an aggregate rating of at least 10-B, C units, which must bear theapproval of a laboratory nationally recognized as properly equipped to grantsuch approval.

2. A citation may be issued to any driver of a tow carwho violates any provision of paragraph (a) of subsection 1. The peace officerwho issues the citation shall report the violation to the Nevada Highway Patrolor the sheriff of the county or the chief of police of the city in which theroadway is located. If necessary, the Nevada Highway Patrol, sheriff or chiefof police shall cause the roadway to be cleaned and shall bill the owner oroperator of the tow car for the costs of the cleaning. If the owner or operatordoes not pay those costs within 30 days after receiving the bill therefor, theNevada Highway Patrol, sheriff or chief of police shall report such informationto the Transportation Services Authority, which may take disciplinary action inaccordance with the provisions of NRS706.449.

(Added to NRS by 1963, 1267; A 1981, 866; 1991, 246;1997, 2009)

NRS 484.633 Equipmentfor tow car: Flashing amber warning lamp; flares, lanterns, lights orreflectors. Tow cars used to tow disabledvehicles must be equipped with:

1. Flashing amber warning lamps which must bedisplayed as may be advisable to warn approaching drivers during the period ofpreparation at the location from which a disabled vehicle is to be towed. Aflashing amber warning lamp upon a tow car may be displayed to the rear whenthe tow car is towing a vehicle and moving at a speed slower than the normalflow of traffic.

2. At least two red flares, two red lanterns or twowarning lights or reflectors which may be used in conjunction with the flashingamber warning lamps or in place of those lamps if the lamps are obstructed ordamaged at the location from which a disabled vehicle is to be towed.

(Added to NRS by 1963, 1268; A 1985, 1041)

NRS 484.637 Equipmentfor tow car: Rear and stop lamps; portable electric extension cord.

1. Tow cars used to tow vehicles shall be equippedwith and carry a rear lamp, a stop lamp and a portable electric extension cordfor use in displaying the lamp on the rear of the disabled vehicle.

2. Whenever a disabled vehicle is towed, the tow caroperator shall connect and display such lamps, or a combination of them, on therear of the disabled vehicle by means of the extension cord.

(Added to NRS by 1963, 1268; A 1975, 129)

NRS 484.638 Eventrecording device: Disclosure by manufacturer of new motor vehicle in ownersmanual; downloading or retrieval of data; subscription services; penalty.

1. A manufacturer of a new motor vehicle which is soldor leased in this State and which is equipped with an event recording deviceshall disclose that fact in the owners manual for the vehicle. The disclosuremust include, if applicable, a statement that the event recording device:

(a) Records the direction and rate of speed at whichthe motor vehicle travels;

(b) Records a history of where the motor vehicletravels;

(c) Records steering performance;

(d) Records brake performance, including, withoutlimitation, whether the brakes were applied before an accident;

(e) Records the status of the drivers safety belt; and

(f) If an accident involving the motor vehicle occurs,is able to transmit information concerning the accident to a centralcommunications system.

2. Except as otherwise provided in this section, datarecorded by an event recording device may not be downloaded or otherwiseretrieved by a person other than the registered owner of the vehicle. Datarecorded by an event recording device may be downloaded or otherwise retrievedby a person other than the registered owner of the vehicle:

(a) If the registered owner of the vehicle consents tothe retrieval of the data.

(b) Pursuant to the order of a court of competentjurisdiction.

(c) If the data is retrieved for the purpose ofconducting research to improve motor vehicle safety, including, withoutlimitation, conducting medical research to determine the reaction of a humanbody to motor vehicle accidents, provided that the identity of the registeredowner or driver is not disclosed in connection with the retrieval of that data.The disclosure of a vehicle identification number pursuant to this paragraphdoes not constitute the disclosure of the identity of the registered owner ordriver of the vehicle.

(d) If the data is retrieved by a new vehicle dealer ora garageman to diagnose, service or repair the motor vehicle.

(e) Pursuant to an agreement for subscription servicesfor which disclosure required by subsection 4 has been made.

3. A person who retrieves data from an event recordingdevice pursuant to paragraph (c) of subsection 2 shall not disclose that datato any person other than a person who is conducting research specified in thatparagraph.

4. If a motor vehicle is equipped with an eventrecording device that is able to record or transmit any information describedin subparagraph (2) or (6) of paragraph (a) of subsection 6 and that ability ispart of a subscription service for the motor vehicle, the fact that theinformation may be recorded or transmitted must be disclosed in the agreementfor the subscription service.

5. Any person who violates the provisions of thissection is guilty of a misdemeanor.

6. As used in this section:

(a) Event recording device means a device which isinstalled by the manufacturer of a motor vehicle and which, for the purposes ofretrieving data after an accident involving the motor vehicle:

(1) Records the direction and rate of speed atwhich the motor vehicle travels;

(2) Records a history of where the motor vehicletravels;

(3) Records steering performance;

(4) Records brake performance, including,without limitation, whether the brakes were applied before an accident;

(5) Records the status of the drivers safetybelt; or

(6) If an accident involving the motor vehicleoccurs, is able to transmit information concerning the accident to a centralcommunications system.

(b) Garageman has the meaning ascribed to it in NRS 487.545.

(c) New vehicle dealer has the meaning ascribed to itNRS 482.078.

(d) Ownermeans:

(1) A person having all the incidents ofownership, including the legal title of the motor vehicle, whether or not helends, rents or creates a security interest in the motor vehicle;

(2) A person entitled to possession of the motorvehicle as the purchaser under a security agreement; or

(3) A person entitled to possession of the motorvehicle as a lessee pursuant to a lease agreement if the term of the lease ismore than 3 months.

(Added to NRS by 2005, 1358)

NRS 484.639 Television-typereceiving equipment.

1. A person shall not drive any motor vehicle equippedwith television-type receiving equipment so located that the viewer or screenis visible from the drivers seat.

2. This section does not prohibit the use oftelevision-type receiving equipment used exclusively for traffic safety, lawenforcement or the navigation of a motor vehicle.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1208; A 1995, 10)

NRS 484.641 Safetybelts and shoulder harness assembly; requirements for child and otherpassenger; penalty; exemptions. [Effective until the date the FederalGovernment rescinds the requirement for the installation of automaticrestraints in new private passenger motor vehicles, if that action is basedupon the enactment or continued operation of certain amendatory and transitoryprovisions contained in chapter 480, Statutes of Nevada 1987.]

1. It is unlawful to drive a passenger carmanufactured after:

(a) January 1, 1968, on a highway unless it is equippedwith at least two lap-type safety belt assemblies for use in the front seatingpositions.

(b) January 1, 1970, on a highway, unless it isequipped with a lap-type safety belt assembly for each permanent seatingposition for passengers. This requirement does not apply to the rear seats ofvehicles operated by a police department or sheriffs office.

(c) January 1, 1970, unless it is equipped with atleast two shoulder-harness-type safety belt assemblies for use in the frontseating positions.

2. Any person driving, and any passenger who:

(a) Is 6 years of age or older; or

(b) Weighs more than 60 pounds, regardless of age,

who rides inthe front or back seat of any vehicle described in subsection 1, having anunladen weight of less than 10,000 pounds, on any highway, road or street inthis State shall wear a safety belt if one is available for his seatingposition.

3. A citation must be issued to any driver or to anyadult passenger who fails to wear a safety belt as required by subsection 2. Ifthe passenger is a child who:

(a) Is 6 years of age or older but less than 18 yearsof age, regardless of weight; or

(b) Is less than 6 years of age but who weighs morethan 60 pounds,

a citationmust be issued to the driver for his failure to require that child to wear thesafety belt, but if both the driver and that child are not wearing safety belts,only one citation may be issued to the driver for both violations. A citationmay be issued pursuant to this subsection only if the violation is discoveredwhen the vehicle is halted or its driver arrested for another alleged violationor offense. Any person who violates the provisions of subsection 2 shall bepunished by a fine of not more than $25 or by a sentence to perform a certainnumber of hours of community service.

4. A violation of subsection 2:

(a) Is not a moving traffic violation under NRS 483.473.

(b) May not be considered as negligence or as causationin any civil action or as negligent or reckless driving under NRS 484.377.

(c) May not be considered as misuse or abuse of aproduct or as causation in any action brought to recover damages for injury toa person or property resulting from the manufacture, distribution, sale or useof a product.

5. The Department shall exempt those types of motorvehicles or seating positions from the requirements of subsection 1 whencompliance would be impractical.

6. The provisions of subsections 2 and 3 do not apply:

(a) To a driver or passenger who possesses a writtenstatement by a physician certifying that he is unable to wear a safety belt formedical or physical reasons;

(b) If the vehicle is not required by federal law to beequipped with safety belts;

(c) To an employee of the United States Postal Servicewhile delivering mail in the rural areas of this State;

(d) If the vehicle is stopping frequently, the speed ofthat vehicle does not exceed 15 miles per hour between stops and the driver orpassenger is frequently leaving the vehicle or delivering property from thevehicle; or

(e) Except as otherwise provided in NRS 484.6415, to a passenger riding in ameans of public transportation, including a school bus or emergency vehicle.

7. It is unlawful for any person to distribute, havefor sale, offer for sale or sell any safety belt or shoulder harness assemblyfor use in a motor vehicle unless it meets current minimum standards andspecifications of the United States Department of Transportation.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1209; A 1985, 1953, 2294;1987, 1106; 2001Special Session, 151; 2003, 274, 506, 2080)

NRS 484.641 Safety belts and shoulder harnessassembly. [Effective on the date the Federal Government rescinds therequirement for the installation of automatic restraints in new privatepassenger motor vehicles, if that action is based upon the enactment orcontinued operation of certain amendatory and transitory provisions containedin chapter 480, Statutes of Nevada 1987.]

1. It is unlawful to drive a passenger carmanufactured after January 1, 1968, on a highway unless it is equipped with atleast two lap-type safety belt assemblies for use in the front seat positions.

2. It is unlawful to drive a passenger carmanufactured after January 1, 1970, on a highway, unless it is equipped with alap-type safety belt assembly for each permanent passenger-seating position.This requirement does not apply to the rear seats of vehicles operated by apolice department or sheriffs office.

3. It is unlawful to drive a passenger carmanufactured after January 1, 1970, unless it is equipped with at least twoshoulder-harness-type safety belt assemblies for use in the front seatingpositions.

4. The Department shall exempt those types of motorvehicles or seating positions from the requirements of this section whencompliance would be impractical.

5. It is unlawful for any person to distribute, havefor sale, offer for sale or sell any safety belt or shoulder harness assemblyfor use in a motor vehicle unless it meets current minimum standards andspecifications of the United States Department of Transportation.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1209; A 1985, 1953, 2294;1987, 1106; 2001Special Session, 151; 2003, 274, 506, 2080, effective onthe date the Federal Government rescinds the requirement for the installationof automatic restraints in new private passenger motor vehicles, if that actionis based upon the enactment or continued operation of certain amendatory andtransitory provisions contained in chapter 480, Statutes of Nevada 1987)

NRS 484.6415 Useof safety belts within taxicabs.

1. Any passenger 18 years of age or older who rides inthe front or back seat of any taxicab on any highway, road or street in thisState shall wear a safety belt if one is available for his seating position,except that this subsection does not apply:

(a) To a passenger who possesses a written statement bya physician certifying that he is unable to wear a safety belt for medical orphysical reasons; or

(b) If the taxicab was not required by federal law atthe time of initial sale to be equipped with safety belts.

2. A citation must be issued to any passenger whoviolates the provisions of subsection 1. A citation may be issued pursuant tothis subsection only if the violation is discovered when the vehicle is haltedor its driver arrested for another alleged violation or offense. Any person whoviolates the provisions of subsection 1 shall be punished by a fine of not morethan $25 or by a sentence to perform a certain number of hours of communityservice.

3. A violation of subsection 1:

(a) Is not a moving traffic violation under NRS 483.473.

(b) May not be considered as negligence or as causationin any civil action or as negligent or reckless driving under NRS 484.377.

(c) May not be considered as misuse or abuse of aproduct or as causation in any action brought to recover damages for injury toa person or property resulting from the manufacture, distribution, sale or useof a product.

4. An owner or operator of a taxicab shall post a signwithin each of his taxicabs advising passengers that they must wear safetybelts while being transported by the taxicab. Such a sign must be placed withinthe taxicab so as to be visible to and easily readable by passengers, exceptthat this subsection does not apply if the taxicab was not required by federallaw at the time of initial sale to be equipped with safety belts.

(Added to NRS by 2003, 505)

NRS 484.642 Pneumatictires: Standards; sale or use of nonconforming tire prohibited.

1. The Director, after a hearing, may adopt rules andregulations relating to pneumatic vehicle tires as he determines necessary to providefor public safety.

(a) In adopting these regulations, the Department shallconsider, as evidence of generally accepted standards, the rules andregulations of the Federal Highway Administration, the National Highway TrafficSafety Administration and publications of the Rubber Manufacturers Association.

(b) Adopted rules and regulations shall specify:

(1) Minimum tread depth of tires being operatedon the highways; and

(2) Prohibitions on the use of recut orregrooved tires.

2. After adoption of such rules and regulations, nodealer or person holding a retail sellers license shall sell, offer for sale,expose for sale or install on a vehicle for use on a highway a pneumatic tirewhich is not in compliance with such rules and regulations.

3. After adoption of such rules and regulations, noperson shall use on a highway a pneumatic tire which is not in conformance withthe rules and regulations.

(Added to NRS by 1973, 219)

NRS 484.6425 Useof certain studded tires prohibited.

1. Except as provided in subsection 2, a person shallnot operate any motor vehicle equipped with tires which have on the peripheryany block, flange, cleat, ridge, bead or any other protuberance of metal orwood which projects beyond the thread of the traction surface of the tire.

2. This section does not prohibit:

(a) Tire chains or traction devices approved by theDirector.

(b) Pneumatic tires which have embedded therein wirenot exceeding 0.075 inch in diameter and which are so constructed that under noconditions will the percentage of metal in contact with the roadway exceed 5percent of the total tire area in contact with the roadway, except that duringthe first 1,000 miles of use, the metal in contact with the roadway may exceed5 percent of the tire area in contact with the roadway but must not exceed 20percent of that area.

(c) Pneumatic tires containing metal-type studs oftungsten carbide or other suitable material which are so inserted orconstructed that under no conditions will the percentage of metal in contactwith the roadway exceed 3 percent of the total tire area in contact with theroadway, but such tires may only be used between October 1 and April 30.

(d) The operation of vehicles upon unimproved roadwayswhen necessary in the construction or repair of highways.

(e) The operation of traction engines or tractors underconditions of a permit first obtained from the Department of transportationwith respect to highways under its jurisdiction or the governing body of a cityor county with respect to roads under its jurisdiction.

(Added to NRS by 1975, 176; A 1979, 858, 1806; 1989,1050)

NRS 484.643 Tractiondevices, tire chains or snow tires: Use required where highway marked orposted.

1. It is unlawful for any person to operate a motorvehicle, whether it is an emergency vehicle or otherwise, without tractiondevices, tire chains or snow tires upon any street or highway, under icy orsnowy conditions, when the highway is marked or posted with signs for therequirement of traction devices, chains or snow tires.

2. The Director shall adopt regulations definingtraction device, tire chain and snow tire. The Director shall considerregulations of the Federal Highway Administration and the National HighwayTraffic Safety Administration and publications of the Rubber ManufacturersAssociation. The regulations must specify minimum standards for patterns oftread on snow tires which will provide adequate traction in mud and snow.

[1.6:166:1925; added 1955, 630](NRS A 1957, 336;1981, 866; 1985, 643; 1987, 1344; 1989, 1051)

NRS 484.6432 Tractiondevices, tire chains or snow tires: Requirements under certain circumstances.

1. If a highway in this State is marked or posted withsigns requiring the use of traction devices, tire chains or snow tires, a motorvehicle or combination of vehicles must be equipped with:

(a) Traction devices, tire chains or snow tires if ithas a gross weight or combined gross weight of 10,000 pounds or less.

(b) Tire chains if it has a gross weight or combined grossweight of more than 10,000 pounds.

2. If a highway in this State is marked or posted withsigns requiring the use of traction devices or tire chains on all motorvehicles except vehicles with 4-wheel drive and snow tires on all wheels, allsuch motor vehicles must be equipped with traction devices or tire chains.

(Added to NRS by 1987, 1342; A 1989, 1051)

NRS 484.6434 Tractiondevices, tire chains or snow tires: Installation and mounting. If a motor vehicle is required to be equipped withtraction devices, tire chains or snow tires, the devices or chains must beinstalled or the tires must be mounted on at least two:

1. Driving wheels of the motor vehicle; and

2. Braking wheels of any trailing vehicle in acombination of vehicles if that trailing vehicle is equipped or required to beequipped with brakes.

(Added to NRS by 1987, 1343; A 1989, 1052)

NRS 484.6436 Mechanicaldevice to provide traction. If mechanical devicesare mounted on both sides of a motor vehicle which, when activated by thedriver, provide traction by deploying a chain of metal cross members under atire while the vehicle is in motion, the:

1. Cross members must extend across at least 85percent of the width of the tire; and

2. Devices may be used only upon the drive axles ofthe vehicle.

(Added to NRS by 1987, 1343)

NRS 484.644 Devicefor control of pollution: Use required; disconnection or alteration prohibited;exceptions.

1. Except as provided in subsection 2, a person shallnot operate or leave standing on any highway any motor vehicle which isrequired by state or federal law to be equipped with a device for the controlof pollution from motor vehicles unless the device is correctly installed andin operating condition. A person shall not disconnect, alter or modify any suchrequired device.

2. The provisions of this section do not apply to:

(a) An alteration or modification found by the StateEnvironmental Commission not to reduce the effectiveness of the requireddevice.

(b) Motor vehicles which have been licensed by theDepartment as experimental vehicles.

(c) Any vehicle which has been granted a waiver orexemption from the regulations for the control of emissions from motorvehicles.

(Added to NRS by 1971, 1203; A 1973, 5, 1705; 1979,568, 1034; 1985, 340, 1954)

NRS 484.6441 Devicefor control of pollution: Penalty; proof of conformity may be required. Violation of the provisions of NRS 484.644 is a misdemeanor. Whenever anymotor vehicle is found by any peace officer to be in violation of theprovisions of NRS 484.644, and a noticeto appear or citation is issued, it may require that the person named thereinshall produce in court proof that such vehicle or its equipment has been madeto conform to the provisions of NRS 484.644.

(Added to NRS by 1971, 1203)

NRS 484.646 Emblemfor slow moving vehicle displayed on certain vehicles; standards.

1. After September 15, 1975, when any vehicle orcombination of vehicles designed for and is operated at speeds of 25 miles perhour or less is moved on a highway, whether pulled, towed or self-propelled indaytime or nighttime, the vehicle or combination must have displayed an emblemfor slow moving vehicles, except as provided in subsection 3.

2. Use of such an emblem is restricted to the type ofvehicle or combination specified in subsection 1, and the use of the emblem onany other type of vehicle or any stationary object on or beside a highway isunlawful.

3. A vehicle or combination of vehicles of the typespecified in subsection 1 is not required to have displayed such an emblem ifthe vehicle or combination is moved only on a highway not open to public use oris guarded by flagmen or flares.

4. The requirement for such an emblem is in additionto any lights or warning flags required by this chapter.

5. The Department shall adopt standards for emblemsfor slow moving vehicles which conform to standards adopted by the AmericanSociety of Agricultural Engineers.

6. The emblem must be mounted, with a point up, on aplane perpendicular to the direction of travel, and located on the rear of thevehicle.

(Added to NRS by 1975, 277; A 1985, 1954)

INSPECTION OF VEHICLES

NRS 484.695 Inspectionby peace officer or inspector; citation or notice of violation; centers forinspection; standards for tires and brakes.

1. Peace officers and inspectors of the Department, inpursuance of assigned duty, having reasonable cause to believe that any vehicleor combination of vehicles is not equipped as required by this chapter or is insuch unsafe condition as to endanger the driver or other occupant or any personupon a public highway or does not comply with any standards for tires or brakesadopted pursuant to subsection 4, may require the driver thereof to stop andsubmit the vehicle or combination of vehicles to an inspection of themechanical condition or equipment thereof and such tests with reference theretoas may be appropriate.

2. If a vehicle or combination of vehicles is found tobe in an unsafe mechanical condition or is not equipped as required by thischapter or does not comply with any standards for tires or brakes adoptedpursuant to subsection 4, the peace officer or inspector causing the inspectionto be made may give the owner of the vehicle a citation or notice of violationand further require the owner of the vehicle to produce in court or the office ofthe peace officer or inspector satisfactory evidence that the vehicle or itsequipment has been made to conform with the requirements of this chapter andregulations adopted pursuant thereto.

3. The Director may establish centers for theinspection of motor vehicles for safety at the branch offices of the Departmentfor the purpose of inspecting vehicles intended to be registered in the Stateof Nevada. Inspections at these centers are limited to examination of tires andbrakes on motor vehicles which have a declared gross weight of less than 10,000pounds and which were manufactured more than 2 years before the date ofinspection.

4. The Director shall adopt regulations prescribingthe standards for tires and brakes.

[Part 21 1/2:166:1925; added 1951, 466](NRS A 1975,1068; 1981, 867; 1985, 1839, 1955; 1999, 1146)

NRS 484.697 Operationof vehicle without required equipment or in unsafe condition prohibited;exceptions.

1. Except as otherwise provided in subsection 2 and NRS 706.235:

(a) A person shall not operate any vehicle after noticeof an unsafe condition or that the vehicle is not equipped as required by thischapter, unless it is necessary to return the vehicle to the residence or placeof business of the owner or driver or to a garage and operation of the vehicleis not further limited by NRS 706.246.

(b) If any peace officer or vehicle safety inspectorfinds that any vehicle is unsafe to a degree that continued operation wouldendanger the driver, any other occupant or any person on a public highway, theofficer or inspector may require that the driver cease operation of the vehicleor that the vehicle be taken to the nearest garage or other safe place.

2. If the vehicle is transporting wet concrete orother perishable cargo and does not pose an immediate threat to the life of thedriver or any other person upon a public highway, and if the destination of thevehicle is within a distance of not more than 15 miles, the peace officer orvehicle safety inspector shall permit the vehicle to proceed to its destinationand unload its cargo. Upon the arrival of the vehicle at its destination, theofficer or inspector may order that the vehicle be taken, after the cargo ofthe vehicle has been unloaded, to the nearest garage or other place where thevehicle may be safely repaired.

[Part 21 1/2:166:1925; added 1951, 466](NRS A 1975,1068; 1985, 340, 871; 1993, 2748)

NRS 484.701 Penaltyfor failure or refusal to stop and submit to inspection or test. Whenever the driver of a vehicle is directed by a peaceofficer or vehicle safety inspector in pursuance of assigned duty, to stop andsubmit the mechanical condition of the vehicle or its equipment to aninspection or test under conditions stated in NRS484.695, such driver shall stop and submit to such inspection or test. Afailure or refusal so to do or to cease operation when required is a misdemeanor.

[Part 21 1/2:166:1925; added 1951, 466](NRS A 1975,1069)

SIZE, WEIGHT AND LOAD

NRS 484.737 Prohibitedacts concerning size or weight of vehicle; special permit; emergencies;exceptions.

1. Except asotherwise provided in this section, a person shall not drive, move, stop orpark any vehicle or combination of vehicles, and an owner shall not cause orknowingly permit any vehicle or combination of vehicles to be driven, moved,stopped or parked, on any highway if the vehicle or combination of vehiclesexceeds in size or weight or gross loaded weight the maximum limitationspecified by law for that size, weight and gross loaded weight unless theperson or owner is authorized to drive, move, stop or park the vehicle orcombination of vehicles by a special permit issued by the proper publicauthority.

2. If theDepartment of Transportation or a local law enforcement agency determines thatan emergency exists, the Department or the local law enforcement agency mayauthorize a person to drive, move, stop or park a vehicle or combination ofvehicles without obtaining a special permit pursuant to subsection 1. Such an authorizationmay be given orally and may, if requested by a local law enforcement agency ora public safety agency, include driving or moving the vehicle or combination ofvehicles to and from the site of the emergency. If a person receives such anauthorization, he shall, on the next business day after receiving theauthorization, obtain a special permit pursuant to subsection 1.

3. This section does not apply to:

(a) Fire apparatus, highway machinery or snowplowstemporarily moved upon a highway.

(b) A farm tractor or other implement of husbandrytemporarily moved upon a highway other than an interstate highway or acontrolled-access highway.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1507; A 2001, 1507; 2005, 72)

NRS 484.738 Heightof vehicle: Maximum heights with load; exception; unlawful acts.

1. Except as otherwise provided in subsections 2, 3and 4, a vehicle must not be operated on any highway of this State if itsheight, including any load, exceeds 14 feet measured from the surface on whichthe vehicle stands.

2. The maximum permissible height of a load of baledhay is 15 feet.

3. The Department of Transportation shall issue acontinuing permit, upon application, to the operator of a vehicle whose heightwithout load exceeds the limit imposed by subsection 1 if the vehicle wasregistered and in operation on the highway of this State on April 15, 1973. Anysuch permit must provide only for the operation of the vehicle over thoseportions of the highways of this State over which it was customarily operatedon April 15, 1973, and until it is replaced by another vehicle.

4. It is unlawful to operate a vehicle governed by anyof the provisions of subsection 1, 2 or 3 over any portion of a highway wherethe free clearance of any structure or encroachment is less than the actualheight of the vehicle and load.

(Added to NRS by 1973, 441; A 1979, 1807)

NRS 484.7385 Heightof vehicle: Maximum ground clearance; exceptions.

1. A motor vehicle must not be operated on any highwayof this State if the lowest portion of its body, as measured from the surfaceon which the vehicle stands, exceeds, for passenger cars, 24 inches, and for atruck or other motor vehicle having manufacturers gross vehicle weight rating:

(a) Of 4,500 pounds or less, 28 inches.

(b) Of more than 4,500 pounds but less than 7,501pounds, 30 inches.

(c) Of 7,501 pounds but less than 10,001 pounds, 32inches.

2. The measurement taken to determine compliance withthis section must be taken from level ground to a portion of the body or partsattached to the body which have not been added or altered from themanufacturers original body design.

3. This section does not apply to a motor vehiclewhich:

(a) Was manufactured before 1935; or

(b) Has a manufacturers gross vehicle weight rating of10,001 pounds or more.

(Added to NRS by 1987, 1472)

NRS 484.739 Lengthof vehicle: Restrictions; special permit; exceptions.

1. Except as otherwise provided in subsection 2, thelength of a bus may not exceed 45 feet and the length of a motortruck may notexceed 40 feet.

2. A passenger bus which has three or more axles andtwo sections joined together by an articulated joint with a trailer which isequipped with a mechanically steered rear axle may not exceed a length of 65feet.

3. Except as otherwise provided in subsections 4, 7and 9, no combination of vehicles, including any attachments thereto coupledtogether, may exceed a length of 70 feet.

4. The Department of Transportation, by regulation,shall provide for the operation of combinations of vehicles in excess of 70feet in length. The regulations must establish standards for the operation ofsuch vehicles which must be consistent with their safe operation upon thepublic highways and with the provisions of 23 C.F.R. 658.23. Such standardsmust include:

(a) Types and number of vehicles to be permitted incombination;

(b) Horsepower of a motortruck;

(c) Operating speeds;

(d) Braking ability; and

(e) Driver qualifications.

Theoperation of such vehicles is not permitted on highways where, in the opinionof the Department of Transportation, their use would be inconsistent with thepublic safety because of a narrow roadway, excessive grades, extreme curvatureor vehicular congestion.

5. Combinations of vehicles operated under theprovisions of subsection 4 may, after obtaining a special permit issued at thediscretion of, and in accordance with procedures established by, the Departmentof Transportation, carry loads not to exceed the values set forth in thefollowing formula: W=500 [LN/(N-1) + 12N + 36], wherein:

(a) W equals the maximum load in pounds carried on anygroup of two or more consecutive axles computed to the nearest 500 pounds;

(b) L equals the distance in feet between the extremesof any group of two or more consecutive axles; and

(c) N equals the number of axles in the group underconsideration.

The distancebetween axles must be measured to the nearest foot. If a fraction is exactlyone-half foot, the next largest whole number must be used. The permits may berestricted in such manner as the Department of Transportation considersnecessary and may, at the option of the Department, be cancelled withoutnotice. No such permits may be issued for operation on any highway where thatoperation would prevent this State from receiving federal money for highwaypurposes.

6. Upon approving an application for a permit tooperate combinations of vehicles pursuant to subsection 5, the Department ofTransportation shall withhold issuance of the permit until the applicant hasfurnished proof of compliance with the provisions of NRS 706.531.

7. The load upon any motor vehicle operated alone, orthe load upon any combination of vehicles, must not extend beyond the front orthe rear of the vehicle or combination of vehicles for a distance of more than10 feet, or a total of 10 feet both to the front or the rear, and a combinationof vehicles and load thereon may not exceed a total of 75 feet without havingsecured a permit pursuant to subsection 4 or NRS484.737. The provisions of this subsection do not apply to the booms ormasts of shovels, cranes or water well drilling and servicing equipment carriedupon a vehicle if:

(a) The booms or masts do not extend by a distancegreater than two-thirds of the wheelbase beyond the front tires of the vehicle.

(b) The projecting structure or attachments thereto aresecurely held in place to prevent dropping or swaying.

(c) No part of the structure which extends beyond thefront tires is less than 7 feet from the roadway.

(d) The drivers vision is not impaired by theprojecting or supporting structure.

8. Lights and other warning devices which are requiredto be mounted on a vehicle pursuant to this chapter must not be included indetermining the length of a vehicle or combination of vehicles and the loadthereon.

9. This section does not apply to:

(a) Vehicles used by a public utility for thetransportation of poles;

(b) A combination of vehicles consisting of atruck-tractor drawing a semitrailer that does not exceed 53 feet in length;

(c) A combination of vehicles consisting of atruck-tractor drawing a semitrailer and a trailer, neither of which exceeds 281/2 feet in length; or

(d) A combination of vehicles consisting of atruck-tractor drawing no more than three saddle-mounted vehicles and onefull-mounted vehicle that does not exceed 75 feet in length.

10. As used in this section:

(a) Full-mounted vehicle means a smaller vehiclemounted completely on the frame of a saddle-mounted vehicle.

(b) Motortruck has the meaning ascribed to it in NRS 482.073.

(c) Saddle-mounted vehicle means a vehicle formingpart of a combination of vehicles used in a driveaway-towaway operation that isconnected by a saddle mount to the frame or fifth-wheel coupling of the vehiclein front of it.

(Added to NRS by 1967, 975; A 1969, 636; 1971, 723;1973, 441; 1979, 1807; 1985, 659; 1989, 269; 1993, 1200; 1997, 100; 2003, 404; 2005, 73)

NRS 484.741 Lengthof vehicle: Penalty. Any person operating ormoving any vehicle or equipment over any highway who violates any lengthlimitation in this chapter is guilty of a misdemeanor.

(Added to NRS by 1967, 976; A 1969, 1508)

NRS 484.743 Authorizedmovement of vehicle on public highway in excess of limits on size and weight;permit; fee.

1. The Board of Directors of the Department ofTransportation may by resolution authorize the movement of vehicles upon thepublic highways, including without limitation motor vehicles, tractors,trailers, semitrailers and combinations thereof, of a size and weight in excessof the limits prescribed by this chapter, to such extent as may be authorizedby any legislation enacted by the Congress of the United States permitting suchincreases without forfeiture of this States eligibility for federal aid inhighway construction and maintenance.

2. The Board of Directors of the Department ofTransportation may by resolution establish a reasonable fee or fees to becharged by the Department for the issuance of permits authorizing the operationof oversize or overweight vehicles as provided in this chapter. The fee or feesso established must be in an amount set so that the aggregate amounts receivedfrom the fee or fees do not exceed the estimated costs of administering thepermit system.

(Added to NRS by 1965, 1145; A 1975, 206; 1979, 1808;1987, 1794; 1989, 1313)

NRS 484.744 Operationof motor vehicle exceeding its declared gross weight unlawful. It is unlawful for any person to operate a motor vehicleor combination of vehicles over any highway if the vehicle or combination exceedsits declared gross weight, as that term is defined in NRS 482.023.

(Added to NRS by 1985, 1838)

NRS 484.745 Maximumweight of vehicle on any axle or per tire.

1. Except as otherwise provided in NRS 484.737, 484.743, 484.748,484.7485 and 484.752, a vehicle may be operated or movedupon any public highway if:

(a) The maximum weight on any single axle does notexceed 20,000 pounds.

(b) The maximum weight on any tandem axle does notexceed 34,000 pounds.

(c) The maximum weight per tire, measured by pounds perinch of tire width, does not exceed 600 pounds per inch for a steering axle and500 pounds per inch for all other axles.

(d) Except for a steering axle and axles that weighless than 10,000 pounds, each axle has at least four tires if the tire width ofeach tire on the axle is less than or equal to 14 inches. If the maximum weightper tire does not exceed 500 pounds per inch of tire width, an axle may beequipped with tires that have a width of more than 14 inches.

(e) Except as otherwise provided in subsection 2, themaximum overall gross weight on any group of two or more consecutive axles doesnot exceed the values set forth in the following formula: W=500 [LN/(N-1) + 12N+ 36] wherein:

(1) W equals the maximum load in pounds carriedon any group of two or more consecutive axles computed to the nearest 500pounds;

(2) L equals the distance in feet between theextremes of any group of two or more consecutive axles; and

(3) N equals the number of axles in the groupunder consideration.

2. Two consecutive sets of tandem axles may carry agross load of 34,000 pounds each if the distance between the first and lastaxles of the consecutive sets of axles is 36 feet or more.

3. As used in this section, tire width means thewidth set by the manufacturer of the tire and inscribed on the sidewall of thetire.

[Part 23:122:1925; A 1929, 349; 1931, 136; 1947, 532;1951, 263; 1953, 628; 1955, 45](NRS A 1975, 291; 1979, 1809; 1981, 219; 1991,1693; 1993, 1415; 2003,405, 1413; 2005, 74)

NRS 484.748 Limitationson weight for vehicle used by licensed hauler of garbage and refuse.

1. Except as otherwise provided in subsection 2, avehicle used by a licensed hauler of garbage and refuse may be operated ormoved upon a public highway, if the weight of the vehicle does not exceed:

(a) On a single axle, 22,000 pounds; or

(b) On a tandem axle, 40,000 pounds.

2. A vehicle must not be operated or moved upon ahighway within the designated interstate system, if the weight of the vehicleexceeds:

(a) On a single axle, 20,000 pounds;

(b) On a tandem axle, 34,000 pounds; or

(c) On any group of two or more consecutive axles, thevalues set forth in the following formula: W=500 [LN/(N-1) + 12N + 36] wherein:

(1) W equals the maximum load in pounds carriedon any group of two or more consecutive axles computed to the nearest 500pounds;

(2) L equals the distance in feet between theextremes of any group of two or more consecutive axles; and

(3) N equals the number of axles in the groupunder consideration.

3. As used in this section, licensed hauler ofgarbage and refuse means a person who holds the licenses and permits requiredto operate a business of collecting and disposing of garbage and refuse. Theterm includes a person who is licensed to operate a business of collectingrecyclable materials.

(Added to NRS by 1991, 1693; A 1993, 1415; 2005, 75)

NRS 484.7485 Limitationson weight for vehicle used by regional transportation commission or itscontractor to provide public mass transportation; exception for certainvehicles used as part of demonstration project; definitions.

1. Except as otherwise provided in subsection 2, avehicle that is used by a regional transportation commission or its contractorto provide public mass transportation may be operated or moved upon a publichighway, other than a highway within the designated interstate system, if themaximum weight does not exceed, on a single axle with:

(a) Single tires, 20,000 pounds; or

(b) Dual tires, 25,000 pounds.

2. A vehicle with a maximum weight on a single axlewith single tires of more than 20,000 pounds but not more than 29,000 poundsthat is used by a regional transportation commission or its contractor toprovide public mass transportation as part of a demonstration project may beoperated or moved upon a public highway, other than a highway within thedesignated interstate system, if the tires are not less than 20 inches in widthand the Department of Transportation, after conducting an evaluation of thevehicle:

(a) Determines that such operation or movement of thevehicle is in the best interest of the Department; and

(b) In its discretion, issues a permit authorizing suchoperation or movement of the vehicle.

3. As used in this section:

(a) Contractor means any person or governmentalentity that has entered into a contract with a regional transportationcommission to provide services related to the provision of public masstransportation, but only during the period in which the contract remainslegally effective.

(b) Regional transportation commission means anyregional transportation commission created and organized in accordance with chapter 373 of NRS, and which provides orsponsors public mass transportation services.

(Added to NRS by 1993, 1414; A 2001, 747)

NRS 484.751 Measurementof distance between axles. The distance betweenaxles must be measured to the nearest whole foot. When a fraction is exactlyone-half foot the next larger whole number must be used.

[Part 23:122:1925; A 1929, 349; 1931, 136; 1947, 532;1951, 263; 1953, 628; 1955, 45](NRS A 2005, 75)

NRS 484.752 Applicabilityof limits on weight to federal highways; reduction of limits by Department ofTransportation or governing body of city or county.

1. The provisions of NRS484.745, 484.748 and 484.7485 do not apply to any highway thatis a part of the Federal-Aid Primary System, Federal-Aid Urban System,Federal-Aid Secondary System or Interstate System if their application wouldprevent this State from receiving any federal funds for highway purposes undersection 127 of Title 23, U.S.C.

2. The Department of Transportation, with respect tohighways under its jurisdiction, and the governing bodies of cities andcounties, with respect to roads and streets under their jurisdiction, afterdetermining that use by vehicles otherwise conforming with the maximum weightlimits prescribed in NRS 484.745, 484.748 and 484.7485 is likely to cause substantialstress to any highway, road, street, or portion or structure thereof, may, byproper notice, fix a reduced maximum weight limit for vehicles which may passover any such highway, road, street, or portion or structure thereof.

(Added to NRS by 1981, 219; A 2003, 406; 2005, 75)

NRS 484.753 Exemptionfor traction engine and tractor; circular metal band required.

1. The provisions of NRS484.744 to 484.757, inclusive, shallnot apply to traction engines or tractors, the propulsive power of which isexerted, not through wheels resting upon the ground but by means of a flexibleband or chain known as a movable track, when the portions of the movable tracksin contact with the surface of the highway present plane surfaces.

2. No traction engine or tractor having lugs, grousersor other mechanical contrivances on its wheels or tracks designed to givetractive effect shall be operated on any highway in this State unless acircular metal band of a width of not less than 3 inches is placed entirelyaround the periphery of such wheels or tracks, such band to serve as aprotection against the tearing up or marring of the surface of the highway.

[Part 23:122:1925; A 1929, 349; 1931, 136; 1947, 532;1951, 263; 1953, 628; 1955, 45](Substituted in revision for NRS 484.570)

NRS 484.755 Enforcementby officer of Nevada Highway Patrol; weighing; requiring removal of excessload; penalty.

1. Authority for the enforcement of the provisions of NRS 484.744 to 484.757, inclusive, is vested in the NevadaHighway Patrol.

2. Any officer of the Nevada Highway Patrol havingreason to believe that the weight of a vehicle and load is unlawful may requirethe driver to stop and submit to a weighing of the vehicle either by means ofportable or stationary scales and may require that the vehicle be driven to thenearest public scales, if they are within 5 miles.

3. Whenever an officer upon weighing a vehicle andload as provided in subsection 2 determines that the weight is unlawful, he mayrequire the driver to stop in a suitable place and remove such portion of theload as may be necessary to reduce the gross weight of the vehicle to those limitspermitted under NRS 484.744 to 484.757, inclusive. All materials sounloaded must be cared for by the carrier of the material and at his expense.The officer may allow the driver of the inspected vehicle to continue on hisjourney if any overload does not exceed by more than 5 percent the limitationsprescribed by NRS 484.744 to 484.757, inclusive, but the penaltiesprovided in NRS 484.757 must be imposedfor the overload violation.

4. Any driver of a vehicle who fails or refuses tostop and submit the vehicle and load to a weighing, or who fails or refuseswhen directed by an officer of the Nevada Highway Patrol upon a weighing of thevehicle to stop and otherwise comply with the provisions of NRS 484.744 to 484.757, inclusive, is guilty of a misdemeanor.

[Part 23:122:1925; A 1929, 349; 1931, 136; 1947, 532;1951, 263; 1953, 628; 1955, 45](NRS A 1957, 616; 1969, 726; 1981, 220; 1985,1955)

NRS 484.757 Finesfor violations of limits on weight.

1. Except as otherwise provided in subsection 5, aperson convicted of a violation of any limitation of weight imposed by NRS 484.739 to 484.755, inclusive, shall be punished by afine as specified in the following table:

 

Pounds of Excess Weight Fine

 

1 to 1,500.................................................................................................................... $10

1,501 to 2,500...................................................... 1cent per pound of excess weight

2,501 to 5,000.................................................... 2cents per pound of excess weight

5,001 to 7,500.................................................... 4cents per pound of excess weight

7,501 to 10,000.................................................. 6cents per pound of excess weight

10,001 and over................................................ 8cents per pound of excess weight

 

2. If the resulting fine is not a whole number ofdollars, the nearest whole number above the computed amount must be imposed asthe fine.

3. The fines provided in this section are mandatory,must be collected immediately upon a determination of guilt and must not bereduced under any circumstances by the court.

4. Any bail allowed must not be less than theappropriate fine provided for in this section.

5. A person convicted of a violation of a limitationof weight imposed by NRS 484.739 to 484.755, inclusive, shall be punished by afine that is equal to twice the amount of the fine specified in subsection 1 ifthat violation occurred on or after February 1 but before May 1 on a highwaydesignated by the director of the department of transportation as restrictedpursuant to NRS 408.214. This subsectiondoes not create a separate offense but provides an additional penalty for theprimary offense, whose imposition is contingent upon the finding of theprescribed fact.

[Part 23:122:1925; A 1929, 349; 1931, 136; 1947, 532;1951, 263; 1953, 628; 1955, 45](NRS A 1979, 918; 1981, 221, 727; 1985, 1839;1987, 506; 1991, 1694; 1997, 85; 1999, 1041)

NRS 484.759 Maximumwidth of vehicle; permit for increased size or weight.

1. As used in this section and NRS 484.760, special mobile equipmentmeans a vehicle, not self-propelled, not designed or used primarily for thetransportation of persons or property, and only incidentally operated or movedover a highway, excepting implements of husbandry.

2. The Department of Transportation with respect tohighways under its jurisdiction and governing bodies of cities and countieswith respect to roads under their jurisdiction may, upon application inwriting, authorize the applicant to operate or move a vehicle, combination ofvehicles, special mobile equipment, or load thereon of a size or weightexceeding the legal maximum, or to use corrugations on the periphery of themovable tracks on a traction engine or tractor, the propulsive power of whichis not exerted through wheels resting on the roadway but by means of a flexibleband or chain, or, under emergency conditions, to operate or move a type of vehicleotherwise prohibited by law, upon any highway under the jurisdiction of theDepartment of Transportation or governing body granting that permit.

3. Except as otherwise provided in NRS 484.7595 to 484.7631, inclusive, the legal maximumwidth of any vehicle, combination of vehicles, special mobile equipment or loadthereon is 102 inches.

4. If a vehicle is equipped with pneumatic tires, themaximum width from the outside of one wheel and tire to the outside of theopposite outer wheel and tire must not exceed 108 inches, and the outside widthof the body of the vehicle or the load thereon must not exceed 102 inches.

5. Lights or devices which must be mounted upon avehicle under this chapter may extend beyond the permissible width of thevehicle to a distance not exceeding 10 inches on each side of the vehicle, butthe maximum width must not exceed 126 inches.

6. Door handles, hinges, cable cinchers and chainbinders may extend 3 inches on each side, but the maximum width of body anddoor handles, hinges, cable cinchers or chain binders must not exceed 108inches.

7. A person shall not operate a passenger vehicle onany highway with any load carried thereon extending beyond the line of thehubcaps on its left side or more than 6 inches beyond the line of the hubcapson its right side.

[1:154:1951](NRS A 1960, 334; 1961, 136; 1965, 677;1971, 83; 1975, 292, 1111; 1979, 1005, 1810; 1981, 205; 1985, 661; 2005, 21)

NRS 484.7595 Maximumwidth of bus. The legal maximum width of a busis 102 inches, excluding mirrors, lights and other devices required for safety.

(Added to NRS by 1981, 205)

NRS 484.7598 Maximumwidth of recreational vehicle. The legal maximumwidth of a recreational vehicle is 102 inches, excluding:

1. Mirrors, lights and other devices required forsafety; and

2. An awning and any hardware required for the awningwhich is attached to the recreational vehicle and which does not extend beyondany mirror specified in subsection 1 which is attached to the side of therecreational vehicle.

(Added to NRS by 2005, 21)

NRS 484.760 Maximumwidth of trailer, semitrailer, special mobile equipment or equipment forconstruction or maintenance of highway. Subjectto the provisions of subsection 2 of NRS484.759, the following vehicles must not exceed a width of 120 inches:

1. Any trailer or semitrailer, including lift carriersand tip-bed trailers, used exclusively for the transportation of implements ofhusbandry by farmers or implement dealers.

2. Special mobile equipment.

3. Highway construction or maintenance equipment.

(Added to NRS by 1981, 203)

NRS 484.7605 Widthof load of loosely piled agricultural products; restrictions for implement ofhusbandry moved over highway.

1. If a vehicle is carrying a load of loosely piledagricultural products such as hay, straw or leguminous plants in bulk but notcrated, baled, boxed or sacked, the load of loosely piled material and anyloading racks retaining the load must not exceed 120 inches in width.

2. The provisions of NRS484.759 with respect to maximum widths do not apply to implements ofhusbandry incidentally operated, transported, moved or towed over a highwayother than an interstate highway or a controlled-access highway.

3. If an implement of husbandry is transported ormoved as a load on another vehicle over:

(a) An interstate highway or a controlled-accesshighway, and the load exceeds 102 inches in width, the movement is subject tothe provisions of NRS 484.7631 and theregulations adopted pursuant thereto.

(b) Any highway other than an interstate highway or acontrolled-access highway, and the load exceeds 120 inches in width, thevehicle and load must not be operated for a distance of more than 25 miles fromthe point of origin of the trip and must not be operated at a speed in excessof 30 miles per hour.

(Added to NRS by 1981, 203; A 1985, 662; 2005, 76)

NRS 484.7615 Applicabilityof limits on width to federal highways. Theprovisions of NRS 484.760, subsection 2of NRS 484.7605 and NRS 484.762 and 484.7625 do not apply to any highway whichis part of the Federal-Aid Primary System, Federal-Aid Secondary System or theInterstate System if their application would prevent this State from receivingany money for highways pursuant to section 127 of Title 23, U.S.C.

(Added to NRS by 1981, 205; A 1997, 2415)

NRS 484.762 Permitfor movement of oversized manufactured or mobile home or similar structure:Requirements; conditions; regulations.

1. The Department of Transportation may, uponapplication in writing, if good cause appears, issue a special or multipletrip-limited time permit in writing authorizing the applicant to move amanufactured or mobile home, or any other similar type of vehicle or structure,in excess of the maximum width, but not exceeding, except as otherwise providedin NRS 484.7625, 120 inches exclusiveof appendages which must not extend beyond 3 inches on either side. TheDepartment of Transportation may establish seasonal or other limitations on thetime within which the home, vehicle or structure may be moved on the highwaysindicated, and may require an undertaking or other security as may be considerednecessary to protect the highways and bridges from injury or to provideindemnity for any injury resulting from the operation. Permits for the movementof homes, vehicles or structures as provided for in this section may be issuedonly to licensed manufacturers, dealers, owners and transporters and may beissued only under the following conditions:

(a) The power unit used to tow an overwidth home,vehicle or structure having a gross weight of 18,000 pounds or less must be athree-quarter-ton truck or tractor, or a truck or tractor of greater powerequipped with dual wheels.

(b) The power unit used to tow an overwidth home,vehicle or structure having a gross weight in excess of 18,000 pounds must be aone-and-one-half-ton, or larger, truck or tractor equipped with dual wheels.

(c) The mobile home for which the permit is issued mustcomply with the provisions of NRS 484.745relating to maximum weight on axles.

(d) The insurer must furnish evidence of insuranceverifying coverage of the overwidth home, vehicle or structure in the amount of$100,000 because of bodily injury to or death of one person in any oneaccident, in the amount of $300,000 because of bodily injury to or death of twoor more persons in any one accident and in the amount of $50,000 because ofinjury to or destruction of property of others in any one accident.

2. A permit which has been issued for the movement ofa manufactured or mobile home, or a similar type of vehicle or structure, isnot valid between sunset and sunrise. The Director of the Department ofTransportation may establish additional reasonable regulations, consistent withthis section, including regulations concerning the movement of such a home, vehicleor structure on a Saturday, Sunday or a legal holiday, as he considersnecessary in the interest of public safety.

(Added to NRS by 1981, 203; A 1985, 662; 1989, 798)

NRS 484.7625 Permitfor movement of oversized manufactured or mobile home or similar structure:Additional requirements and conditions; designation of highways; regulations.

1. The Department of Transportation may, uponapplication in writing, if good cause appears, issue a special or multipletrip-limited time permit in writing authorizing the applicant to move amanufactured or mobile home, or any other similar type of vehicle or structure,in excess of 120 inches in width but not exceeding 192 inches in width,including any appendages and roof eaves.

2. The movement of a manufactured or mobile home, or asimilar type of vehicle or structure, pursuant to subsection 1 is, in additionto the conditions and requirements of NRS484.762, subject to the following requirements and conditions:

(a) Wide-load signs and red flags must be on thefront of the towing vehicle and on the rear of the home, vehicle or structure.

(b) The towing vehicle must be a one-and-one-half-tonor larger truck or tractor equipped with dual wheels.

(c) The applicant must present evidence satisfactory tothe Department that he is financially responsible and that he has complied oris able to comply with the equipment requirements.

(d) As an additional warning to approaching traffic,the towing vehicle must be operated with the headlights turned on low beam.

(e) The driver of the towing vehicle shall doeverything possible to prevent the congestion or slowing down of traffic ineither direction because of the overwidth home, vehicle or structure and shall,if necessary to maintain the normal flow of traffic, drive the towing vehicleand the home, vehicle or structure off the pavement where safe to do so, inorder that traffic may pass.

(f ) When two ormore homes, vehicles or structures in excess of 120 inches in width are movedover the same highway in the same direction, the drivers of the towing vehiclesshall maintain a distance of at least 1,000 feet between vehicles.

3. The Department of Transportation shall:

(a) Designate the highways over which manufactured ormobile homes, or other similar types of vehicles or structures, in excess of120 inches in width may be moved, and may require a pilot car to precede orfollow the load.

(b) Prescribe, by regulation, standards for movinghomes, vehicles or structures, in excess of 120 inches in width, including thetimes and days when such moving is permitted, and additional safety precautionsto be taken.

4. The regulations adopted pursuant to paragraph (b)of subsection 3 may establish different standards that are applicable only tothe moving of a manufactured or mobile home, or other similar types of vehicleor structure, that is in excess of 168 inches, excluding any appendages androof eaves, but does not exceed 192 inches in width, including any appendagesand roof eaves.

(Added to NRS by 1981, 204; A 1989, 799; 1997, 2415)

NRS 484.7631 Permitto operate oversized vehicle; coordination with affected entities; regulationslimiting hours, days or routes for movement of oversized vehicle; meetings withaffected industries; expedited procedure.

1. In a county whose population is less than 400,000,the Department of Transportation with respect to highways under itsjurisdiction and the governing body of the county or a city in the county with respectto roadways under the jurisdiction of the county or city may, upon request,issue a permit to operate a vehicle, or a vehicle with a load that exceeds thelegal maximum width, length or height for the vehicle, unless the Department orgoverning body determines that the operation would be a safety hazard or wouldunduly impede the flow of traffic.

2. In a county whose population is 400,000 or more:

(a) If the operation of a vehicle specified insubsection 1 will not include operation on the state highway system establishedpursuant to chapter 408 of NRS, the governingbody of the county and each city in the county may, upon request, issue apermit to operate the vehicle on a roadway in that city or county:

(1) If the governing body has jurisdiction overthe roadway at the point of origination of the route of the vehicle; and

(2) Unless the governing body determines thatthe operation would be a safety hazard or would unduly impede the flow oftraffic; or

(b) If the operation of the vehicle will includeoperation on the state highway system established pursuant to chapter 408 of NRS, the Department of Transportationshall, upon request, issue a permit to operate the vehicle on a highway in thatcounty, unless the Department of Transportation determines that the operationwould be a safety hazard or would unduly impede the flow of traffic. A holderof a permit issued pursuant to this paragraph is not required to obtain apermit pursuant to paragraph (a) before operating the vehicle in accordancewith the permit issued pursuant to this paragraph.

3. Before issuing a permit pursuant to subsection 2,the Department of Transportation or the governing body shall coordinate theissuance of the permit with each entity that will be affected by the issuanceof the permit.

4. A governing body shall issue single-trip permitsand annual permits pursuant to subsection 2 that are consistent, to thegreatest extent practicable, with the regulations adopted by the Department ofTransportation pursuant to subsection 5.

5. Except as otherwise provided in this section, theDepartment of Transportation with respect to highways under its jurisdictionand the governing body of a city or county with respect to roadways under itsjurisdiction may adopt regulations providing for an annual permit or a permitfor a single trip for a vehicle, or a vehicle with a load exceeding 102 inchesin width, 14 feet in height or 70 feet in length, and limiting the movement ofthe vehicle to certain hours of the day, days of the week or routes considerednecessary to protect public safety. If the Department of Transportation and agoverning body of a city or county adopt regulations pursuant to this section,the regulations adopted by the governing body must be consistent, to thegreatest extent practicable, with the regulations adopted by the Department ofTransportation.

6. The Department of Transportation and each governingbody specified in subsection 2 shall:

(a) Periodically meet with persons who representindustries that are affected by any regulations adopted by the Department ofTransportation or the governing body relating to the issuance of permitspursuant to this section, including, but not limited to, regulations concerningfees for those permits;

(b) At each meeting specified in paragraph (a), reviewand consider the regulations specified in that paragraph and any proposedamendments to the regulations; and

(c) To the greatest extent practicable, ensure that theregulations are consistent.

7. The Department of Transportation and each governingbody that issues a permit pursuant to subsection 2 shall, to the greatestextent practicable, establish an expedited procedure for issuing a permit for avehicle or a vehicle with a load that does not exceed 15 feet in height or 110feet in length:

(a) Within 1 working day after the Department ofTransportation or the governing body receives a request for the permit, if thevehicle or the vehicle with a load for which the permit is submitted has awidth of 144 inches or less; or

(b) Within 2 working days after the Department ofTransportation or the governing body receives a request for the permit, if thevehicle or the vehicle with a load for which the permit is submitted has awidth of more than 144 inches but not more than 168 inches.

(Added to NRS by 1981, 205; A 1985, 663; 2005, 738)

NRS 484.764 Contentsof application for permit. The application fora permit under NRS 484.759 to 484.7631, inclusive, must:

1. Specifically describe the vehicle or special mobileequipment and load to be operated or moved and the particular highways overwhich the permit to operate is requested.

2. State whether the permit is requested for a singletrip, for continuous use or for multiple trips over a limited time.

[2:154:1951](NRS A 1975, 1114; 1981,208)(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.761)

NRS 484.765 Maximumweight of vehicle for continuous permit; fee; revocation.

1. No vehicle operated or moved upon any publichighway under the authority of a continuous or multiple trip-limited timepermit may exceed a maximum weight of 20,000 pounds on any single axle. Beforeany continuous permit is issued, the applicant shall pay a reasonable fee to bedetermined by the Department of Transportation or the governing body of anycity or county to pay the costs and expenses of conducting an initialinvestigation of the highway or highways involved.

2. If, after issuance of a continuous or multipletrip-limited time permit by the Department of Transportation or the governingbody of any city or county, the Department or governing body finds that thetraffic authorized by such continuous or multiple trip-limited time permit hascaused substantial highway distress, the permit may be revoked summarily, butthe revocation does not operate to prevent a subsequent filing of a newapplication for another continuous or multiple trip-limited time permit.

[3:154:1951; A 1953, 360](NRS A 1975, 1114; 1979,1813)

NRS 484.767 Carryingand inspection of permit. Every permit, when issued,must:

1. Be carried in the vehicle, combination of vehiclesor special mobile equipment to which it refers.

2. Be open to inspection of any peace officer ortraffic officer, any authorized agent of the Department of Transportation, orany other officer charged with the care or protection of the highways.

[4:154:1951](NRS A 1979, 1813)

NRS 484.769 Penaltiesfor operation of oversized or overweight vehicle without permit or in violationof permit.

1. It is unlawful for any person to operate or moveany vehicle or equipment described in NRS484.739 or 484.759 to 484.7631, inclusive, over any highwaywithout first obtaining a permit, or to violate or evade any of the terms orconditions of the permit when issued. A person violating any of the provisionsof NRS 484.759 to 484.767, inclusive, is guilty of amisdemeanor.

2. Any person operating or moving any vehicle orequipment described in NRS 484.739 or 484.759 to 484.7631, inclusive, over any highwayunder the authorization of a permit for continuous use or multiple trips over alimited time and who violates any weight limitation in excess of the weightauthorized by the permit must be punished, upon conviction, as provided in NRS 484.757.

[5:154:1951; A 1953, 360](NRS A 1969, 1508; 1975,1114; 1981, 208; 1987, 506)

NRS 484.771 Loadon vehicle.

1. No vehicle shall be driven or moved on any highwayunless such vehicle is so constructed or loaded as to prevent any of its loadfrom dropping, sifting, leaking or otherwise escaping therefrom, except thatsand may be dropped for the purpose of securing traction, or water or othersubstance may be sprinkled on a roadway in cleaning or maintaining suchroadway.

2. No person shall operate on any highway any vehiclewith any load unless the load and any covering thereon is securely fastened soas to prevent the covering or load from becoming loose, detached or in anymanner a hazard to other users of the highway.

[20.1:166:1925; added 1955, 186](Substituted inrevision for NRS 484.650)

NRS 484.773 Regulations:Loading and securing loads; safety chains and cables for combinations ofvehicles. The Department shall adoptreasonable regulations providing for:

1. Minimum requirements for binders to secure loads onvehicles against dangerous displacement and governing the loading andsecurement of loads for transportation over public highways by vehicles, exceptloads containing radioactive waste.

2. Safety chains and cables for combinations ofvehicles.

[20.2:166:1925; added 1955, 186](NRS A 1957, 616;1969, 1220; 1979, 836; 1981, 234; 1985, 1956)

NRS 484.775 Displayof red lights or flag on load. The driver ofevery vehicle operating a half hour after sunset to a half hour before sunriseand carrying a load extending 4 feet or more beyond the end of the vehicleshall attach at the extreme end of the load two red lights plainly visibleunder normal atmospheric conditions from a distance of not less than 500 feetfrom the rear and sides. At any other time the driver shall attach at theextreme end of such load a red flag or cloth at least 16 inches square.

[19:166:1925; NCL 4368] + [Part 19 1/2:166:1925; added1927, 78; NCL 4369](NRS A 1963, 746; 1969, 1221)

RESPECTIVE POWERS OF STATE AND LOCAL AUTHORITIES

NRS 484.777 Provisionsuniform throughout State; local authority prohibited from enacting certainordinances; trial for same offense prohibited.

1. The provisions of this chapter are applicable anduniform throughout this State on all highways to which the public has a rightof access or to which persons have access as invitees or licensees.

2. Unless otherwise provided by specific statute, anylocal authority may enact by ordinance traffic regulations which cover the samesubject matter as the various sections of this chapter if the provisions of theordinance are not in conflict with this chapter. It may also enact by ordinanceregulations requiring the registration and licensing of bicycles.

3. A local authority shall not enact an ordinance:

(a) Governing the registration of vehicles and thelicensing of drivers;

(b) Governing the duties and obligations of personsinvolved in traffic accidents, other than the duties to stop, render aid andprovide necessary information; or

(c) Providing a penalty for an offense for which thepenalty prescribed by this chapter is greater than that imposed for amisdemeanor.

4. No person convicted or adjudged guilty of aviolation of a traffic ordinance may be charged or tried in any other court inthis State for the same offense.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1482; A 1971, 22; 1973, 406;1983, 1079)

NRS 484.778 Citymay adopt penalties for misdemeanors imposed by NRS 484.3792. The governing body of each city may enact an ordinanceadopting the penalties set forth for misdemeanors in NRS 484.3792 for similar offenses undercity ordinance.

(Added to NRS by 1981, 1928; A 1989, 598)

NRS 484.779 Powersof local authority.

1. Except as otherwise provided in subsection 3, alocal authority may adopt, by ordinance, regulations with respect to highwaysunder its jurisdiction within the reasonable exercise of the police power:

(a) Regulating or prohibiting processions orassemblages on the highways.

(b) Designating particular highways as one-way highwaysand requiring that all vehicles thereon be moved in one specific direction.

(c) Designating any highway as a through highway,requiring that all vehicles stop before entering or crossing the highway, ordesignating any intersection as a stop or a yield intersection and requiringall vehicles to stop or yield at one or more entrances to the intersection.

(d) Designating truck and bicycle routes.

(e) Adopting such other traffic regulations related tospecific highways as are expressly authorized by this chapter.

2. An ordinance relating to traffic control enactedunder this section is not effective until official devices for traffic controlgiving notice of those local traffic regulations are posted upon or at theentrances to the highway or part thereof affected as is most appropriate.

3. An ordinance enacted under this section is noteffective with respect to:

(a) Highways constructed and maintained by theDepartment of Transportation under the authority granted by chapter 408 of NRS; or

(b) Alternative routes for the transport ofradioactive, chemical or other hazardous materials which are governed byregulations of the United States Department of Transportation,

until theordinance has been approved by the Board of Directors of the Department ofTransportation.

4. As used in this section, hazardous material hasthe meaning ascribed to it in NRS 459.7024.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1488; A 1979, 1813; 1981, 234;1983, 1079; 1987, 1757; 1989, 1313; 1993, 850)

NRS 484.781 Adoptionof manual and specifications for devices for control of traffic by Departmentof Transportation.

1. The Department of Transportation shall adopt amanual and specifications for a uniform system of official traffic-controldevices consistent with the provisions of this chapter for use upon highwayswithin this State. The uniform system must correlate with and so far aspossible conform to the system then current and approved by the AmericanAssociation of State Highway Officials and the National Joint Committee onUniform Traffic Control Devices.

2. All devices used by local authorities or theDepartment of Transportation must conform with the manual and specificationsadopted by the Department.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1488; A 1979, 1814)

NRS 484.783 Localdevice for control of traffic.

1. Except as provided in subsection 2, localauthorities shall place and maintain such official traffic-control devices uponhighways under their jurisdiction as are determined necessary to indicate andto carry out the provisions of this chapter and to regulate, warn or guidetraffic.

2. No traffic-control device may be placed by a localauthority on a highway constructed and maintained by the Department ofTransportation under the authority granted by chapter408 of NRS without prior approval by the Department.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1488; A 1979, 1814)

NRS 484.785 Designationof through highways and intersections requiring stop or yield; vehicle enteringintersection.

1. The Department of Transportation and localauthorities, with reference to highways under their respective jurisdictions,may designate through highways and erect official traffic-control devices inthe form of stop signs or yield signs at specified entrances thereto, or maydesignate any intersection as a stop intersection or as a yield intersectionand erect stop signs or yield signs at one or more entrances to such anintersection.

2. Every driver of a vehicle approaching a stopintersection indicated by a stop sign shall stop before entering the crosswalkon the near side of the intersection or, if there is no crosswalk, shall stopat a clearly marked stop line, or if none, then at the point nearest theintersecting highway where the driver has a view of approaching traffic on theintersecting highway before entering the intersection.

3. The driver of a vehicle approaching a yield sign ifrequired for safety to stop shall stop before entering the crosswalk on thenearest side of the intersection or, if there is no crosswalk, at a clearlymarked stop line, or if none, then at the point nearest the intersectinghighway where the driver has a view of approaching traffic on the intersectinghighway.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1496; A 1979, 1814)

NRS 484.787 Designationof authorized emergency vehicles; equipment; limitations on use of warningdevices.

1. Except as otherwise provided in NRS 484.789, authorized emergency vehiclesare vehicles publicly owned and operated in the performance of the duty of:

(a) A police or fire department.

(b) A sheriffs office.

(c) The Nevada Highway Patrol.

(d) The Division of Forestry of the State Department ofConservation and Natural Resources in responding to a fire.

(e) A public ambulance agency.

(f) A public lifeguard or lifesaving agency.

2. A vehicle publicly maintained in whole or in partby the State, or by a city or county, and privately owned and operated by aregularly salaried member of a police department, sheriffs office or trafficlaw enforcement department, is an authorized emergency vehicle if:

(a) The vehicle has a permit, pursuant to NRS 484.789, from the Department;

(b) The person operates the vehicle in responding toemergency calls or fire alarms, or at the request of the Nevada Highway Patrolor in the pursuit of actual or suspected violators of the law; and

(c) The State, county or city does not furnish apublicly owned vehicle for the purposes stated in paragraph (b).

3. Every authorized emergency vehicle must be equippedwith at least one flashing red warning lamp visible from the front and a sirenfor use as provided in this chapter, which lamp and siren must be in compliancewith standards approved by the Department. In addition, an authorized emergencyvehicle may display revolving, flashing or steady red or blue warning lights tothe front, sides or rear of the vehicle.

4. An authorized emergency vehicle may be equippedwith a system or device that causes the upper-beam head lamps of the vehicle tocontinue to flash alternately while the system or device is activated. Thedriver of a vehicle that is so equipped may use the system or device whenresponding to an emergency call or fire alarm, while escorting a funeralprocession, or when in pursuit of an actual or suspected violator of the law.As used in this subsection, upper-beam head lamp means a head lamp or thatpart of a head lamp which projects a distribution of light or composite beammeeting the requirements of subsection 1 of NRS484.587.

5. Except as otherwise provided in subsection 4, aperson shall not operate a motor vehicle with any system or device that causesthe head lamps of the vehicle to continue to flash alternately orsimultaneously while the system or device is activated. This subsection doesnot prohibit the operation of a motorcycle equipped with any system or devicethat modulates the intensity of light produced by the head lamp of themotorcycle, if the system or device is used only during daylight hours andconforms to the requirements of 49 C.F.R. 571.108.

6. A person shall not operate a vehicle with any lampor device displaying a red light visible from directly in front of the centerof the vehicle except an authorized emergency vehicle, a school bus or an officialvehicle of a regulatory agency.

7. A person shall not operate a vehicle with any lampor device displaying a blue light, except a motorcycle pursuant to NRS 486.261 or an authorized emergencyvehicle.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1505; A 1975, 320; 1979, 1814;1985, 26, 341, 1956; 1989, 1132; 2003, 402)

NRS 484.789 Permitfor authorized emergency vehicle issued to other vehicles; certain vehicles notconsidered emergency vehicles.

1. The Department may issue permits for authorizedemergency vehicles to vehicles required to be operated primarily for theimmediate preservation of life or property or for the apprehension of violatorsof the law. The permits must not be issued to vehicles when there are availablecomparable services provided by agencies referred to in NRS 484.787.

2. The issuance of the permits to vehicles under thissection must be limited to:

(a) Agencies designated in NRS 484.787;

(b) Vehicles owned or operated by an agency of theUnited States engaged primarily in law enforcement work;

(c) Ambulances designed and operated exclusively assuch; and

(d) Supervisory vehicles which are:

(1) Marked and used to coordinate and direct theresponse of ambulances to emergencies;

(2) Privately owned by a person licensed tooperate an ambulance; and

(3) Operated under contract with a localgovernmental agency and at the request of its law enforcement agency or firedepartment.

3. The following are not emergency vehicles and mustnot be permitted to operate as such:

(a) Tow cars;

(b) Vehicles used by public utilities;

(c) Vehicles used in merchant patrols;

(d) Vehicles used in private escort service;

(e) Privately owned vehicles of volunteer firefighters;

(f) Privately owned vehicles of reserve members of apolice department or a sheriffs office; and

(g) Vehicles of private detectives.

(Added to NRS by 1969, 1505; A 1985, 1957; 1987, 912;2005, 316)

PROCEDURE UPON ARREST

NRS 484.791 Arrestwithout warrant for certain offenses.

1. Any peaceofficer may, without a warrant, arrest a person if the officer has reasonablecause for believing that the person has committed any of the followingoffenses:

(a) Homicide byvehicle;

(b) A violationof NRS 484.379;

(c) A violationof NRS 484.3795;

(d) A violation of NRS484.37955;

(e) Failure to stop, give information or renderreasonable assistance in the event of an accident resulting in death orpersonal injuries in violation of NRS484.219 or 484.223;

(f) Failure to stop or give information in the event ofan accident resulting in damage to a vehicle or to other property legally uponor adjacent to a highway in violation of NRS484.221 or 484.225;

(g) Reckless driving;

(h) Driving a motor vehicle on a highway or on premisesto which the public has access at a time when his drivers license has beencancelled, revoked or suspended; or

(i) Driving a motor vehicle in any manner in violationof the restrictions imposed in a restricted license issued to him pursuant to NRS 483.490.

2. Whenever any person is arrested as authorized inthis section, he must be taken without unnecessary delay before the propermagistrate as specified in NRS 484.803,except that in the case of either of the offenses designated in paragraphs (f)and (g) of subsection 1 a peace officer has the same discretion as is providedin other cases in NRS 484.795.

(Added to NRS by 1967, 1210; A 1969, 1509; 1975, 125;1983, 1080; 1987, 480; 1999,2461, 3429; 2001, 172; 2005, 152)

NRS 484.792 Citationfor operation of vehicle without insurance or for failure to present proof ofinsurance. Whenever the driver of a vehicle isstopped by a peace officer for violating a provision of this chapter, exceptfor violating a provision of NRS 484.395to 484.443, inclusive, the officer shalldemand proof of the insurance required by NRS485.185, and issue a citation as provided in NRS 484.799 if the officer has probablecause to believe that the driver of the vehicle is in violation of NRS 485.187. If the driver of the vehicleis not the owner, a citation must also be issued to the owner, and in such acase the driver:

1. May sign the citation on behalf of the owner; and

2. Shall notify the owner of the citation within 3days after it is issued.

The agencywhich employs the peace officer shall immediately forward a copy of thecitation to the registered owner of the vehicle, by certified mail, at hisaddress as it appears on the certificate of registration.

(Added to NRS by 1987, 1442; A 1993, 2482; 1995,2733)

NRS 484.793 Whenperson must be taken immediately before magistrate. Wheneverany person is halted by a peace officer for any violation of this chapter notamounting to a gross misdemeanor or felony, he shall be taken withoutunnecessary delay before the proper magistrate, as specified in NRS 484.803, in either of the followingcases:

1. When the person demands an immediate appearancebefore a magistrate; or

2. In any other event when the person is issued atraffic citation by an authorized person and refuses to give his writtenpromise to appear in court as provided in NRS484.799.

(Added to NRS by 1967, 1211)(Substituted in revisionfor NRS 484.722)

NRS 484.795 Whenpeace officer has option to take person before magistrate. Whenever any person is halted by a peace officer for anyviolation of this chapter and is not required to be taken before a magistrate,the person may, in the discretion of the peace officer, either be given atraffic citation, or be taken without unnecessary delay before the propermagistrate. He must be taken before the magistrate in any of the followingcases:

1. When the person does not furnish satisfactoryevidence of identity or when the peace officer has reasonable and probablegrounds to believe the person will disregard a written promise to appear incourt;

2. When the person is charged with a violation of NRS 484.701, relating to the refusal of adriver of a vehicle to submit the vehicle to an inspection and test;

3. When the person is charged with a violation of NRS 484.755, relating to the failure orrefusal of a driver of a vehicle to submit the vehicle and load to a weighingor to remove excess weight therefrom; or

4. When the person is charged with a violation of NRS 484.379, unless he is incapacitated andis being treated for injuries at the time the peace officer would otherwise betaking him before the magistrate.

(Added to NRS by 1967, 1211; A 1969, 1509; 1981,1362)

NRS 484.797 Arrestof nonresident.

1. All of the provisions of this chapter apply both toresidents and nonresidents of this State, except the special provisions in thissection, which shall govern in respect to nonresidents.

2. A peace officer at the scene of a traffic accidentmay arrest without a warrant any driver of a vehicle who is a nonresident ofthis State and who is involved in the accident when, based upon personalinvestigation, the peace officer has reasonable cause for believing that theperson has committed any offense under the provisions of this chapter inconnection with the accident, and if the peace officer has reasonable cause forbelieving that the person will disregard a written promise to appear in court.

3. Whenever any person is arrested under theprovisions of this section, he shall be taken without unnecessary delay beforethe proper magistrate, as specified in NRS484.803.

(Added to NRS by 1967, 1211)(Substituted in revisionfor NRS 484.724)

NRS 484.799 Citation:Contents; 5-day notice to appear in court; written promise to appear.

1. Whenever aperson is halted by a peace officer for any violation of this chapterpunishable as a misdemeanor and is not taken before a magistrate as required orpermitted by NRS 484.793 and 484.795, the peace officer may prepare atraffic citation manually or electronically in the form of a complaint issuingin the name of The State of Nevada, containing a notice to appear in court,the name and address of the person, the state registration number of hisvehicle, if any, the number of his drivers license, if any, the offensecharged, including a brief description of the offense and the NRS citation, thetime and place when and where the person is required to appear in court, and suchother pertinent information as may be necessary. The citation must be signed bythe peace officer. If the citation is prepared electronically, the officershall sign the copy of the citation that is delivered to the person chargedwith the violation.

2. The timespecified in the notice to appear must be at least 5 days after the allegedviolation unless the person charged with the violation demands an earlierhearing.

3. The placespecified in the notice to appear must be before a magistrate, as designated inNRS 484.803.

4. The person charged with the violation may give hiswritten promise to appear in court by signing at least one copy of the trafficcitation prepared by the peace officer, in which event the peace officer shalldeliver a copy of the citation to the person, and thereupon the peace officershall not take the person into physical custody for the violation. If thecitation is prepared electronically, the officer shall deliver the signed copyof the citation to the person and shall indicate on the electronic record ofthe citation whether the person charged gave his written promise to appear. Acopy of the citation that is signed by the person charged or the electronic recordof the citation which indicates that the person charged gave his writtenpromise to appear suffices as proof of service.

(Added to NRS by 1967, 1211; A 1975, 142; 1991, 15; 1999, 1146)

NRS 484.800 Matchingof certain information before driver arrested for prior offense.

1. Except for a citation issued pursuant to NRS 484.810, whenever a police officer makesan arrest or issues a citation to a person for any violation of this chapter,he shall record the name as given by that person, the number of his drivers licenseand a brief description of his physical appearance. This information must bemaintained in a record for offenses kept at the traffic enforcement agencywhich employs that officer.

2. Whenever a police officer stops a driver of a motorvehicle for any violation of this chapter and requests information from atraffic enforcement agency concerning that persons record of prior offenses,he shall compare not only the drivers name but also the number of his driverslicense and his physical description with any information obtained from theagency as a result of the request. If the information received from the agencyindicates that the drivers name is on an outstanding warrant for a prioroffense, the officer shall not arrest the driver for that prior offense unlessthe additional information used for comparison also connects the driver with thatprior offense.

(Added to NRS by 1985, 1160)

NRS 484.801 Authorityof peace officer at scene of accident. Exceptfor felonies and those offenses set forth in paragraphs (a) to (e), inclusive,of subsection 1 of NRS 484.791, a peaceofficer at the scene of a traffic accident may issue a traffic citation, asprovided in NRS 484.799, or amisdemeanor citation, as provided in NRS171.1773, to any person involved in the accident when, based upon personalinvestigation, the peace officer has reasonable and probable grounds to believethat the person has committed any offense pursuant to the provisions of thischapter or of chapter 482, 483, 485, 486 or 706 ofNRS in connection with the accident.

(Added to NRS by 1967, 1212; A 1987, 480; 1989, 1131;1999, 1147; 2005, 153)

NRS 484.803 Appearancebefore magistrate having jurisdiction.

1. Wheneverany person is taken before a magistrate or is given a traffic citationcontaining a notice to appear before a magistrate as provided for in NRS 484.799, the magistrate must be ajustice of the peace or municipal judge who has jurisdiction of the offense andis nearest or most accessible with reference to the place where the allegedviolation occurred, except that when the offense is alleged to have beencommitted within an incorporated municipality wherein there is an establishedcourt having jurisdiction of the offense, the person must be taken without unnecessarydelay before that court.

2. For the purpose of this section, the termsmagistrate and court include magistrates and courts having jurisdiction ofoffenses under the law of this State as committing magistrates and courts andthose having jurisdiction of the trials of such offenses.

(Added to NRS by 1967, 1212; A 1983, 905; 1999, 1147)

NRS 484.805 Releaseof defendant when magistrate not available. Wheneverany person is taken into custody by a peace officer for the purpose of takinghim before a magistrate or court as authorized or required in this chapter uponany charge other than a felony or the offenses enumerated in paragraphs (a) to(e), inclusive, of subsection 1 of NRS484.791, and no magistrate is available at the time of arrest, and there isno bail schedule established by the magistrate or court and no lawfully designatedcourt clerk or other public officer who is available and authorized to acceptbail upon behalf of the magistrate or court, the person must be released fromcustody upon the issuance to him of a misdemeanor citation or traffic citationand his signing a promise to appear, as provided in NRS 171.1773 or 484.799, respectively.

(Added to NRS by 1967, 1212; A 1987, 481; 1999, 1147; 2005, 153)

NRS 484.807 Failureto obey citation.

1. It isunlawful for a person to violate his written promise to appear given to a peaceofficer upon the issuance of a traffic citation prepared manually or electronically,regardless of the disposition of the charge for which the citation wasoriginally issued.

2. A personmay comply with a written promise to appear in court by an appearance bycounsel.

3. A warrant may issue upon a violation of a writtenpromise to appear.

(Added to NRS by 1967, 1212; A 1977, 1061; 1999, 1148; 2005, 54)

NRS 484.809 Procedureprescribed for arrest without warrant not exclusive. NRS 484.791 to 484.807, inclusive, govern all peaceofficers in making arrests without a warrant for violations of any provision ofthis chapter, but the procedure prescribed in those sections is not otherwiseexclusive of any other method prescribed by law for the arrest and prosecutionof a person for an offense of like grade.

(Added to NRS by 1967, 1213; A 1985, 1160; 1987,1442)

NRS 484.810 Issuanceof warrant for failure to obey citation for parking violation.

1. A trafficcitation for a parking violation may be prepared manually or electronically.

2. When atraffic citation for a parking violation has been issued identifying by licensenumber a vehicle registered to a person who has not signed the citation, abench warrant may not be issued for that person for failure to appear beforethe court unless:

(a) A notice toappear concerning the violation is first sent to the person by first-class mailwithin 60 days after the citation is issued; and

(b) The person does not appear within 20 days after thedate of the notice or the notice to appear is returned with a report that itcannot be delivered.

(Added to NRS by 1977, 576; A 1981, 401; 1999, 1148)

NRS 484.811 Issuanceof forms for traffic citations; records.

1. Everytraffic enforcement agency in this State shall provide in appropriate formtraffic citations containing notices to appear which must meet the requirementsof this chapter and be:

(a) Issued inbooks; or

(b) Availablethrough an electronic device used to prepare citations.

2. The chief administrative officer of each trafficenforcement agency is responsible for the issuance of such books and electronicdevices and shall maintain a record of each book, each electronic device andeach citation contained therein issued to individual members of the trafficenforcement agency and volunteers of the traffic enforcement agency appointedpursuant to NRS 484.4085. The chiefadministrative officer shall require and retain a receipt for every book andelectronic device that is issued.

(Added to NRS by 1967, 1213; A 1991, 15; 1999, 1148)

NRS 484.813 Dispositionand records of traffic citations.

1. Every peaceofficer upon issuing a traffic citation to an alleged violator of any provisionof the motor vehicle laws of this State or of any traffic ordinance of any cityor town shall file manually or, if the provisions of subsection 2 aresatisfied, file electronically the original or a copy of the traffic citationwith a court having jurisdiction over the alleged offense or with its trafficviolations bureau.

2. A copy of atraffic citation that is prepared electronically and issued to an allegedviolator of any provision of the motor vehicle laws of this State or of anytraffic ordinance of any city or town may be filed electronically with a courthaving jurisdiction over the alleged offense or with its traffic violationsbureau if the court or traffic violations bureau, respectively:

(a) Authorizessuch electronic filing;

(b) Has theability to receive and store the citation electronically; and

(c) Has theability to physically reproduce the citation upon request.

3. Upon thefiling of the original or a copy of the traffic citation with a court havingjurisdiction over the alleged offense or with its traffic violations bureau,the traffic citation may be disposed of only by trial in that court or otherofficial action by a judge of that court, including forfeiture of the bail, orby the deposit of sufficient bail with, or payment of a fine to, the trafficviolations bureau by the person to whom the traffic citation has been issued bythe peace officer.

4. It isunlawful and official misconduct for any peace officer or other officer orpublic employee to dispose of a traffic citation or copies of it or of therecord of the issuance of a traffic citation in a manner other than as requiredin this section.

5. The chiefadministrative officer of every traffic enforcement agency shall require thereturn to him of a physical copy or electronic record of every traffic citationissued by an officer under his supervision to an alleged violator of anytraffic law or ordinance and of all physical copies or electronic records ofevery traffic citation which has been spoiled or upon which any entry has beenmade and not issued to an alleged violator.

6. The chiefadministrative officer shall also maintain or cause to be maintained a recordof every traffic citation issued by officers under his supervision. The recordmust be retained for at least 2 years after issuance of the citation.

7. As used in this section, officer includes avolunteer appointed to a traffic enforcement agency pursuant to NRS 484.4085.

(Added to NRS by 1967, 1213; A 1979, 37; 1999, 1148)

NRS 484.815 Auditof records of traffic citations. Every recordof traffic citations required in this chapter shall be audited at leastsemiannually by the appropriate fiscal officer of the governmental agency towhich the traffic enforcement agency is responsible.

(Added to NRS by 1967, 1213)

NRS 484.817 Copy of citation deemed lawfulcomplaint. If the form of citation:

1. Includesinformation whose truthfulness is attested as required for a complaint chargingcommission of the offense alleged in the citation to have been committed; or

2. Is preparedelectronically,

then thecitation when filed with a court of competent jurisdiction shall be deemed tobe a lawful complaint for the purpose of prosecution pursuant to this chapter.

(Added to NRS by 1967, 1213; A 1983, 446; 1999, 1149)

MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS

NRS 484.900 Sponsorof special event to provide for control of vehicular traffic.

1. Any person or governmental agency sponsoring aspecial event shall ensure that adequate provision is made for the control ofvehicular traffic related to or affected by the event.

2. As used in this section, special event means anyscheduled activity or event:

(a) That is attended or observed by more than 500persons; or

(b) That substantially increases or disrupts the normalflow of traffic on any street or highway.

(Added to NRS by 1989, 667)

NRS 484.910 Useby governmental entity or agent of photographic, video or digital equipment togather evidence for issuance of traffic citation. Agovernmental entity and any agent thereof shall not use photographic, video ordigital equipment for gathering evidence to be used for the issuance of atraffic citation for a violation of this chapter unless the equipment is heldin the hand or installed temporarily or permanently within a vehicle orfacility of a law enforcement agency.

(Added to NRS by 1999, 3278)

GENERAL VIOLATIONS OF CHAPTER

NRS 484.999 Generalrule: Performance of act forbidden by chapter or failure to perform actrequired by chapter is misdemeanor; authority of court to order repeat offenderto pay for and attend school for driver training.

1. It is unlawful and, unless otherwise declared inthis chapter with respect to a particular offense, it is a misdemeanor for anyperson to do any act forbidden or fail to perform any act required in thischapter.

2. The court may order any person who is twiceconvicted of violating a provision of this chapter to pay tuition for andattend a school for driver training which is approved by the Department forretraining such drivers. The person so ordered may choose from those soapproved the school which he will attend. A person who willfully fails tocomply with such an order is guilty of a misdemeanor.

(Added to NRS by 1957, 505; A 1983, 319; 1985,1945)(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.251)

 

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