Hamilton v. Office of Child Support Enforcement
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Cite as 2011 Ark. App. 399
ARKANSAS COURT OF APPEALS
DIVISION I
No. CA10-1010
Opinion Delivered
June 1, 2011
LATROY HAMILTON
APPELLANT
APPEAL FROM THE OUACHITA
COUNTY CIRCUIT COURT
[NO. DR-2003-291-1]
V.
OFFICE OF CHILD SUPPORT
ENFORCEMENT AND JANET
EASTER
APPELLEES
HONORABLE HAMILTON H.
SINGLETON, JUDGE
REVERSED AND REMANDED
JOHN MAUZY PITTMAN, Judge
In a paternity action brought by appellee Office of Child Support Enforcement,
appellant LaTroy Hamilton was found to be the natural father of the minor child D.D. D.D.,
a seven-year-old girl, has been in the care of her maternal aunt, appellee Janet Easter, since
birth. Appellant filed a motion for change of custody that was denied. The trial court found
that appellant had established paternity in a court of competent jurisdiction, was a fit parent
to raise the child, and had undertaken his parental responsibilities, but that an award of
custody to appellant would not be in D.D.’s best interest. On appeal, appellant contends that
the trial court clearly erred in finding that a change of custody would be contrary to the
child’s best interest, in failing to give sufficient weight to the law’s preference for placing a
child in the custody of a fit parent rather than a third party, in improperly considering the sex
Cite as 2011 Ark. App. 399
of the parent in making the custody determination, and in failing to grant his request for the
appointment of a guardian ad litem. We reverse and remand.
We agree that the trial court improperly considered the sex of the parent in awarding
custody. The trial court found that appellant satisfied all of the statutory criteria set out in Ark.
Code Ann. § 9-10-113 (Repl. 2009) except for best interest. The determination that it would
not be in the child’s best interest for custody to be awarded to her father was based expressly
on the finding that appellant is a man and the child is a girl, the court stating:
This . . . is so important because while [appellant’s] grandmother
is in his home, there is no mother figure with whom D.D. is
familiar to answer the questions her body will be asking her in
the near future. There is only the one to whom she has looked
up to as mother and custodian, her aunt, [appellee] Ms. Easter.
Arkansas Code Annotated section 9-13-101 (Repl. 2009) abolished any gender-based
presumption or legal preference with respect to child custody in actions for divorce,
mandating that a child custody award be made without regard to the sex of the parent but
solely in accordance with the welfare and best interests of the children. This principle equally
applies in cases where a father petitions for custody in a paternity action. See Norwood v.
Robinson, 315 Ark. 255, 866 S.W.2d 398 (1993).
Here, while the gender of the father was not the sole basis for the trial court’s custody
award, the court expressly considered it to be a very important factor. Although our review
of equity cases is de novo, because of the unparalleled importance of the trial judge’s
observations in child-custody cases, we remand for the trial judge to determine the best
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Cite as 2011 Ark. App. 399
interest of the child without regard to the sex of the parent. See Fox v. Fox, 31 Ark. App. 122,
788 S.W.2d 743 (1990).
Because we reverse and remand for further findings, it is unnecessary to decide the
remaining issues advanced by appellant. For the guidance of the trial court, however, we note
that parental preference does not apply with equal strength in cases where a child has been
entrusted to the custody of another and familial bonds have been allowed to develop. See
Tidwell v. Tidwell, 224 Ark. 819, 276 S.W.2d 697 (1955). Finally, given the trial judge’s
statement that the interests of the child would be best served by appointment of a guardian
ad litem, we encourage him to appoint one should further proceedings be required to resolve
the issue of the child’s best interest.
Reversed and remanded.
R OBBINS and G LOVER, JJ., agree.
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