2017 Vermont Statutes
Title 10 Appendix - Conservation and Development
Chapter 1 - Game
§ 10 Vermont endangered and threatened species rule
§ 10. Vermont endangered and threatened species rule
1.0 Authority
This rule is adopted pursuant to 10 V.S.A. §§ 5402, 5403, and 5408 which provides that the Secretary "shall adopt by rule a state-endangered species list and a state threatened species list," and may "adopt rules for the protection and conservation of endangered and threatened species."
2.0 Purpose
The purpose of this rule is to identify and list species of wild plants and animals that have been determined by the Secretary to be endangered and threatened in Vermont so that they may be protected under the law. The rule also sets out a process for Takings and Possession permits.
3.0 Definitions
3.1 "Endangered Species" means those species whose continued existence as viable components of the state's wild flora or fauna is determined to be in jeopardy or determined to be an "endangered species" under the federal Endangered Species Act.
3.2 "Listed Species" means any species that appears on the List in Section 5.0 of this rule, or has been determined to be threatened or endangered by other relevant law.
3.3 "Secretary" means the Secretary of the Agency of Natural Resources except where otherwise specified.
3.4 "Take and taking" with respect to wildlife means pursuing, shooting, hunting, killing, capturing, trapping, snaring and netting fish, birds and quadrupeds and all lesser acts, such as disturbing, harrying or worrying or wounding or placing, setting, drawing or using any net or other device commonly used to take fish or wild animals, whether they result in the taking or not; and shall include every attempt to take and every act of assistance to every other person in taking or attempting to take fish or wild animals, provided that when taking is allowed by law, reference is had to taking by lawful means and in lawful manner, and with respect to wild plants means uprooting, transplanting, cutting, injuring or killing or any attempt to do the same or assisting another who is doing or is attempting to do the same, consistent with the definitions found in 10 V.S.A. §§ 5401 (14) and 4001(23).
3.5 "Threatened Species" means those species that are likely within the foreseeable future to become Endangered.
4.0 Permits for Taking and Possession
4.1 No person shall take or possess an endangered or threatened species, except when exempted as provided for in 10 V.S.A. § 5408.
4.2 Pursuant to 10 V.S.A. § 5408(a) the Secretary may, after receiving the advice of the Endangered Species Committee, grant permits for the taking and possession of an endangered or threatened species: for scientific purposes; to enhance the propagation of species; to prevent or mitigate economic hardship; for zoological exhibition; for educational purposes; for noncommercial cultural or ceremonial purposes to a person for the collection and possession of a dead salvage bird or parts thereof, including bird feathers, provided that the permit issued complies with federal requirements regarding collection and possession of migratory birds and the bird was legally acquired, transferred from an individual who acquired it legally, or found dead and the permittee had no part in the intentional killing of the bird; or for a special purpose consistent with the purpose of the Federal Endangered Species Act ( see 16 U.S.C. § 1531(b)).
4.3 An applicant for a Taking and Possession permit shall submit an administratively complete application to the Secretary, specifying for which purpose(s) the permit is required, as listed in 10 V.S.A. § 5408(a).
4.4 An administratively complete application shall include all information deemed necessary by the Secretary to evaluate the application. An application shall include a description of the possible impacts due to the proposed action and a plan for conservation or mitigation. The fee or mitigation proposal as required by 10 V.S.A. ch. 123 shall accompany the application.
4.5 Avoidance and Minimization
a. Applicants for Takings and Possession permits shall have the burden to show that reasonable steps have been taken in to avoid and minimize takings. The Applicant shall provide information that demonstrates:
i. The proposed activity cannot practicably be designed to avoid taking and still satisfy the basic project purpose; and
ii. If avoidance of taking of a listed species cannot practicably be achieved, the proposed activity has been planned to minimize adverse impacts on the listed species.
b. The Secretary may require an applicant to submit additional information that the Secretary considers necessary to make a decision on the issuance or denial of a permit. The Secretary may dismiss the application without prejudice if the requested information is not provided to the Secretary within sixty (60) days of the Secretary's request.
c. In determining whether the burden has been met, the Secretary shall evaluate the potential effect of any proposed activity on the basis of both its direct and immediate effects, as well as on the basis of any cumulative or on-going effects on the listed species.
4.6 Mitigation
a. Mitigation may be required when full compliance with the requirements of 4.5 of this rule is insufficient to achieve no taking.
i. Mitigation may include permanent conservation of habitat in which the same species exists, ongoing monitoring of conserved areas, and treatment of conserved areas for the purposes of restoration or propagation of listed species.
ii. The mitigation may also include payment of fees to a state "in-lieu fee" program or mitigation fund approved by the Secretary.
4.7 Hearings
a. The Secretary may conduct a non-adversarial, public hearing in order to evaluate the application. Such a hearing will be held within 60 (sixty) days of the receipt of the administratively complete application.
b. When a petition has been denied and no public hearing has been held, the Applicant may request in writing to the Secretary that a hearing be held regarding the proposed activity. The Secretary will conduct a hearing within 30 (thirty) days of receipt of the request.
4.8 Permit Conditions
The Secretary may require, as part of any issued permit, conditions for the protection and conservation of endangered species, per 10 V.S.A. ch. 123.
4.9 The Secretary shall inform an applicant of a decision to approve or deny a permit no more than 60 (sixty) days following an application being deemed administratively complete unless the Secretary determines there is just cause.
4.10 The Secretary maintains continuing jurisdiction over activities permitted under this rule and may, at any time, order the permittee to undertake remedial measures to ensure the protection and conservation of listed species.
5.0 Listing
5.1 The following list of plants and animals is adopted as the Vermont Endangered and Threatened Species List pursuant to 10 V.S.A. ch. 123.
5.2 Plants
Scientific Name Common Name Status Date
Listed*
PLANTS
APIACEAE PARSLEY
FAMILY
Sanicuia canadensis var. Short-styled snakeroot T 1
canadensis L.
Sanicula canadensis var. Greater short-styled T 1
grandis Fern. snakeroot
Taenidia integerrima (L.) Yellow pimpernel T 1
Drude
ARACEAE-ARUM
FAMILY
Arisaema dracontium (L.) Green dragon T 1
Schott
ASCLEPIADACEAE-
MILKWEED FAMILY
Asclepias amplexicaulis Sm. Blunt-leaved milkweed T 1
Asclepias tuberosa L. Butterfly-weed T 1
Asclepias verticillata L. Whorled Milkweed E 11
ASPLENIACEAE-SPLEEN-
WORT FAMILY
Asplenium montanum Willd. Mountain spleenwort T 1
Asplenium viride Huds. Green spleenwort T 1
*(Aspelenium trichomanes-
ramosum L.)
ASTERACEAE-ASTER
FAMILY
Eupatorium sessilifolium L. Sessile-leaved boneset E 4
Helianthus strumosus L. Harsh sunflower T 1
Lactuca hirsuta Muhl. Hairy lettuce T 5
Ex. Nutt.
Nabalus boottii D.C. Boott's rattlesnake-root E 1
*(Prenanthes boottii (DC.)
A. Gray)
Omalotheca sylvatica
L. Schultz-Bip. & F.W. Woodland cudweed E 4
Schultz
Petasites frigidus var. Sweet coltsfoot T 1
palmatus (Ait.)
Cronq.
Polymnia canadensis L. White-flowered leafcup E 5, A
Solidago odora ssp. Odora Sweet goldenrod T 1
Ait. *(Solidgo odora Ait.)
Solidago ulmifolia Muhl. Elm-leaved goldenrod E 4, A
ex. Willd.
BETULACEAE-BIRCH
FAMILY
Betula minor (Tuckerman) Dwarf birch E 11
Fern.
BLECHNACEAE-CHAIN
FERN FAMILY
Woodwardia virginica (L.) Sm. Virginia chain-fern T 1
BORAGINACEAE-BORAGE
FAMILY
Cynoglossum virginianum Northern wild camfrey T 1
var. boreale (Fern.)
Cooperider
Hackelia deflexa (Wahlenb) Nodding stickseed T 1
Opiz ssp. americana
(Gray) A. & D. Löve
BRASSICACEAE-
MUSTARD FAMILY
Arabidopsis lyrata Lyre-leaved rock-cress T 1
(L.) O'Kane & Al-Shehbaz
*(Arabis lyrata L.)
Boechera stricta (Graham) Drummond's rock-cress E 4
*(Arabis drummondii A.
Gray)
Braya humilis (C.A. Mey.) Northern rock-cress T 1
B.L. Rob.
Draba canna Rydb. Hoary draba T 1
*(Draba breweri var. cana
(Rydb.) Rollins)
Draba glabella Pursh Smooth draba T 1
Rorippa aquatica Lake-cress T 1
*(Neobeckia aquatica (Eaton)
Greene
BRYACEAE-BRYUM MOSS FAMILY
Plagiobryum zieri (Hedw.) A moss E 3
Lindb.
CAPRIFOLIACEAE-HONEYSUCKLE
FAMILY
Viburnum edule (Michx.) Squashberry T 1
Raf.
CARYOPHLLACEAE-PINK FAMILY
Minuartia marcescens Marcescent sandwort T 1
(Fern.) House
Minuartia rubella Marble sandwort T 1
(Wahlenb.) Hiern
CISTACEAE-ROCK-ROSE FAMILY
Crocanthemum bicknellii
(Fern) Janchen Plains frostweed T 1
Hudsonia tomentosa Nutt. Beach heather E 1
*(Helianthemum bicknellii
Fern.)
Lechea mucronata Raf. Hairy pinweed E 4
CLUSIACEAE-
ST. JOHN'S-WORT
FAMILY
Hypericum ascyron L. Great St. John's-wort T 1
CONVOLVULACEAE-
MORNING-GLORY
FAMILY
Calystegia spithamaeus ssp. Low bindweed T 1
spithamaea (L.) Pursh
*(Calystegia spithamaeus
(L.) Pursh)
CORNACEAE-DOGWOOD FAMILY
Cornus florida L. Flowering dogwood T 1
CRASSULACEAE-STONECROP FAMILY
Rhodiola rosea L. Roseroot T 1
*(Sedum rosea L. Scop.)
CUPRESSACEAE-CYPRESS FAMILY
Juniperus horizontalis Moench Creeping juniper T 1
CYPERACEAE-SEDGE FAMILY
Carex arcta Boott Contracted sedge E 4
Carex atratiformis Britt. Blackish sedge T 1
Carex buxbaumii Walenb. Buxbaum's sedge E 1
Carex capillaris ssp. Capillary sedge T 1
*(Carex capillaris L.)
capillaris L.
Carex chordorrhiza Ehrh, Creeping sedge E 4
Ex L. f.
Carex foenea Willd. Bronze sedge E 4
Carex garberi Fern. Garber's sedge T 1
Carex livida (Wahlenb.) Pale sedge T 1
Willd.
Carex muehlenbergii var.
enervis
Schkuhr ex Willd. Nerveless Muelehberg
Carex muehlenbergii var. sedge T 1
muehlenbergii
Schkuhr ex Willd. Muhlenberg's sedge T 1
Carex oligocarpa Schkuhr ex Few-fruited sedge E 4
Willd.
Carex richardsonii R. Br. Richardson's sedge E 1
Carex siccata Dewey Hay sedge E 4
Carex vaginata Tausch Sheathed sedge E 4
Cyperus diandrus Torr. Low cyperus E 3
Cyperus houghtonii Torr. Houghton's cyperus T 1
Eleocharis quinqueflora Few-flowered spike rush T 1
(Hartmann O. Schwarz
*(Eleocharis pauciflora
(Lightf.) Link)
Fimbristylis autumnalis (L.) Autumn fimbristylis E 4
Roem. & Schult.
Rhynchospora capillacea Capillary beak-rush T 1
Torr.
Scirpus ancistrochaetus Barbed-bristle bulrush E 4, A
Schuyler
Trichophorum planifolium
(Spreng.) Palla Bashful bulrush E 4, A
*(Scirpus verecundus Fern.)
DIAPENSIACEAE-DIAPENSIA
FAMILY
Diapensia lapponica ssp. Diapensia E 1
lapponica L. *(Diapensia
lapponica L.)
DRYOPTERIDACEAE-WOOD
FERN FAMILY
Dryopteris filix-mas (L.) Male Fern T 1
Schott
Woodsia alpina (Bolton) Alpine woodsia E 1
S.F.
Gray
EQUISETACEAE-HORSETAIL
FAMILY
Equisetum palustre L. Marsh horsetail T 1
ERICACEAE-HEATH
FAMILY
Pterospora andromedea Pinedrops E 4
Nutt.
Pyrola asarifoliea ssp. Bog wintergreen T 4
asarifolia Michx.
*(Pyrola asarifoliea ssp.
asarifolia Michx.)
Pyrola minor L. Lesser pyrola E 1
Rhododendron maximum L. Great laurel T 1
Vaccinium stamineum L. Deerberry E 5
FABACEAE-PEA FAMILY
Astragalus canadensis var. Canadian milk-vetch T 1
canadensis L.
*(Astragalus canadensis L.)
Astragalus robbinsii var. Jessup's milk-vetch E 1
Jesupii Egglst. & Sheldon
Crotalaria sagittalis L. Rattlebox T 1
Desmodium cuspidatum Large-bracted tick-trefoil E 4
(Muhl.ex Willd.) DC
ex Loud.
Desmondium rotundifolium Prostrate tick-trefoil T 1
DC.
Lathyrus japonicus var.
maritimus
(L.) Kartesz & Gandhi Beach-pea T 1
*(Lathyrus maritimus (L.)
Bigelow)
Lathyrus palustris L. Marsh vetchling T 1
Lespedeza frutescens (L.) Violet bush-cover T 1
Hornem
*(Lespedeza violacea auct.
non (L.) Pers)¹
Lespedeza hirta ssp. Hairy bush-clover T 4
hirta (L.) Hornem.
*(Lespedeza hirta (L.)
Hornem.)
Lupinus perennis L. Wild lupine E 6, A
Senna hebecarpa (Fern.)
Irwin & Barneby Wild senna T 1
FAGACEAE-BEECH FAMILY
Quercus ilicifolia Wangenh. Scrub oak E 4
Quercus prinoides Willd. Dwarf chinkapin oak E 7
GENTIANACEAE-GENTIAN
FAMILY
Gentiana andrewsii Griseb. Fringe-top closed T 1
gentian
Gentianella amarella (L.) Felwort T 1
Boerner
Gentianella quinquefolia Stiff gentian T 1
(L.) Small
HYDROPHYLLACEAE-
WATERLEAF FAMILY
Hydrophyllum canadense Broad-leaved waterleaf T 1
(L.)
___________________________
1 Lespedeza violacea (L.) Pers. Is now what was formerly known as L. intermedia (S. Watts) Britton and is not listed.
ISOETACEAE-QUILLWORT
FAMILY
Isoetes engelmannii A. Engelmann's quillwort T 1
Braun
Isoetes viridimontana Green Mountain E 11
M. Rosenthal and W.C. quillwort
Taylor
JUNCACEAE-RUSH FAMILY
Juncus greenei Oakes & Greene's rush E 4
Tuckerm.
Juncus militaris Bigelow Soldier rush E 4
Juncus secundus Beauv. ex Secund rush E 4
Poir.
JUNICAGINACAE-ARROW-
GRASS FAMILY
Triglochin maritima L. Arrow-grass E 8
LAMIACEAE-MINT
FAMILY
Agastache nepetoides (L.) Yellow giant hyssop T 1
Kuntze
Agastache scrophulariaefolia Purple giant hyssop T 1
(Willd.) Kuntze
Blephilia hirsuta var. Smooth wood-mint T 1
glabrata (Fern.)
*(Blephilia hirsuta
(Pursh.) Benth.)
Blephilia hirsuta var. hirsuta Hairy wood-mint T 1
(Pursh.) Benth.
*(Blephilia hirsuta
(Pursh.) Benth.)
Dracocephalum parviflorum American dragonhead T 1
Nutt.
Physostegia virginiana (L.) Obedience T 1
Benth.
Pycnanthemum incanum Hoary mountain mint E 4
(L.) Michx.
LENTIBULARIACEAE-
BLADDERWORT FAMILY
Utricularia resupinata B.D. Northeastern bladder- T 1
B.D. Greene ex Bigelow wort
LILIACEAE-LILY FAMILY
Allium canadense var. Wild garlic T 1
canadense L.
*(allium canadense L.)
Anticlea glauca (Nutt.) White camas E 10
Kunth
LYGODIACEAE-
CLIMBING FERN
FAMILY
Lygodium palmatum Climbing fern E 1
(Bernh.) Sw.
MAGNOLIACEAE-
MAGNOLIA FAMILY
Liriodendron tuplipfera L. Tulip tree E 11
MELASTOMATACEAE-
MEADOW-BEAUTY FAMILY
Rhexia virginica L. Virginia meadow-
beauty T 1
MORACEAE-MULBERRY
FAMILY
Morus rubra L. Red mulberry T 1
NYMPHACEAE-WATER-LILY
FAMILY
Nymphaea leibergii Morong. Pygmy water-lily E 7
ONAGRACEAE-EVENING
PRIM ROSE FAMILY
Ludwigia polycarpa Short & Many-fruited E 1
Peter false-loosestrife
OPHIOGLOSSACEAE-ADDER'S-
TONGUE FAMILY
Botrychium minganense Mingan moonwort E 1
Vict.
ORCHIDACEAE-ORCHID
FAMILY
Aplectrum hyemale Putty-root T 1
(Muhl. ex Willd.) Nutt.
Torr.
Arethusa bulbosa L. Arethusa T 1
Calypso bulbosa var. Fairy slipper T 1
americana (R. Br. ex Ait.
f.) Luer
*(Calypso bulbosa (L.)
Oakes)
Corallorhiza odontorhiza var. Autumn coral-root T 1
odontorhiza (Willd.)
Nutt *(Corallorhiza
odontorhiza (Willd.)
Nutt.)
Cypripedium arietinum Ait. Ram's head lady's-slipper T 1
f.
Isotria medeoloides (Pursh) Small whorled pogonia E 4
Raf. Isotria verticillata Large whorled pogonia T 1
(Muhl. ex Willd.) Raf.
Liparis liliifolia (L.) L.C. Lily-leaved twayblade T 1
Rich.ex Ker-Gawl.
Malaxis monophyllos var White adder's mouth T 1
brachypode (Gray) Morris
& Eames *(Malaxis
brachypoda (A. Gray) Fern.)
Neottia auriculata (Weig.) Auricled twayblade E 1
Szlach. *(Listeria
auriculato Weig.)
Neottia bifolia (Raf.) Southern twayblade E 1
Baumbach *(Listera
australis Lindl.)
Platanthera flava var. Tubercled orchis T 1
herbiola (R. Br. ex
Ait. f.) Luer
*(Platanthera flava (L.)
Lindl.)
Platanthera hookeri (Torr. Hooker's orchis T 1
ex
Gray) Lindl.
Triphora trianthophora (Sw.) Three-birds orchid T 1
Rydb.
OROBANCHACEAE-CANCER-
ROOT FAMILY
Castilleja septentrionalis Northern-painted-cup T 1
Lindl.
PAPAVERACEAE-POPPY
FAMILY
Corydalis aurea Willd. Golden corydalis T 1
PINACEAE-PINE FAMILY
Pinus banksiana Lamb. Jack pine T 1
PLANTAGINACEAE-
PLANTAIN
FAMILY
Hippuris vulgaris L. Mare's tail E 4
Veronicastrum virginicum Culver's-root E 1
(L.) Farw.
POACEAE-GRASS
FAMILY
Ammophila breviligulata Champlain beach E 1
ssp. champlainenis grass
(Seymour) Walker,
Paris, & Barrington
ex Bankworth
*(Ammophila champlainensis
Seymour)
Anthoxanthum monticola ssp. Alpine sweet-grass T 1
monticola (Bigelow)
Veldkamp *(Hierochloe
alpina (Swartz) R. & S.;
Anthoxanthum monticola
(Bigelow) Veldkamp)
Calamagrostis pickeringii A. Pickering's reed- E 8
Gray, Man. grass
Calamagrostis stricta ssp. Bentgrass E 4
inexpansa
(Gray) C.W. Greene
Glyceria acutiflora Torr. Sharp manna- E 4
grass
Panicum flexile (Gattinger) Stiff witch- E 4
Piptatheropsis pungens Slender mountain- T 4
(Torr ex Spreng.) rice
Romasch., P.M. Peterson,
& Serong *(Oryzopsis
pungens (Torr.) Hitchc.;
Piptatherum pungens (Torr.
ex Spreng. Dorn)
Sphenopholis nitida Shiny wedgegrass E 4
(Biehler) Scribn.
Sphenopholis obtusata Blunt spenopholis E 4
(Michx.) Scribn.
Sporobolus compositus Rough dropseed E 1
(Poir.) Merr.
*(Sporobolus asper
(Michx.) Kunth)
Vulpia octoflora (Walt.) Eight-flowered E 4
Rydb. fescue
POLEMONIACEAE-PHLOX
FAMILY
Polemonium van-bruntiae Eastern Jacob's T 1
Britt. ladder
POLYGONACEAE-
BUCKWHEAT FAMILY
Polygonum douglasii Douglas' knotweed E 4
Greene
PRIMULACEAE-PRIMROSE
FAMILY
Primula mistassinica Michx. Bird's-eye primrose T 1
PTERIDACEAE-MAIDENHAIR
FERN FAMILY
Adiantum viridimontanum Green Mountain T 5
Paris maidenhair-fern
RANUNCULACEAE-
BUTTERCUP FAMILY
Anemone multifida var. Early thimbleweed E 1
multifida Poir.
*(Anemone multifida Poir.)
Hydrastis canadensis L. Golden-seal E 1
Ranunculus allegheniensis Allegheny T 4
Britt. crowfoot
RHAMNACEAE-BUCKTHORN
FAMILY
Ceanothus herbaceus Raf. Prairie red-root E 1
ROSACEAE-ROSE FAMILY
Potentilla litoralis Rydb. Northern cinquefoil E 4
*(Potentilla pensylvanica L.
var. bipinnatifida (Douglas)
T. & G.)
Prunus americana Marsh. Wild plum T 1
Prunus susquehanae Willd. Susquehanna sand E 10
cherry
Rosa acicularis ssp. sayi Needle-spine rose E 4
(Schwein.) W.H. Lewis
*(rosa acicularis Lindl.)
RUBIACEAE-MADDER FAMILY
Galium labradoricum Wieg. Bog bedstraw T 1
SALICACEAE-WILLOW
FAMILY
Salix plainifolia Pursh Tea-leaved willow T 1
Salix uva-ursi Pursh Bearberry willow E 1
SCHEUCHZIERIACEAE-
SCHEUCHZERIA FAMILY
Scheuchzeria palustria L. Pod-grass T 1
SPARGANIACEAE-BUR-
REED FAMILY
Sparganium nutans L. Lesser bur-reed T 4
SPHAGNACEAE-SPHAGNUM
FAMILY
Sphagnum subfulvum Sjors A peat moss E 3
*(Sphagnum nitidum
Warnst.)
TOFIELDIACEAE-FALSE
ASPHODEL FAMILY
Triantha glutinosa (Michx.) Sticky false-asphodel T 1
Baker *(Tofieldia gutinose
(Michx.) Baker)
ULMACEAE-ELM FAMILY
Ulmus thomasii Sarg. Rock elm T 8
VALERIANACEAE-
VALERIAN FAMILY
Valeriana uliginosa (Torr. E 1
& Marsh valerian Gray)
Rydb.
VIOLACEAE-VIOLET FAMILY
Viola lanceolata ssp. Lance-leaved violet T 1
lanceolata L.
*(Viola lanceolata L.)
XYRIDACEAE-YELLOW-EYED
GRASS FAMILY
Xyris montana Ries Yellow-eyed grass T 1
5.2.1 No enforcement shall be taken and no permit shall be required for the taking of listed threatened or endangered plants in instances where the plants are legally acquired and exist in a cultivated state or are artificially propagated (produced and grown under controlled conditions or originated from cultivated parental stock); unless the plants are cultivated or artificially propagated as part of a recovery plan or, for mitigation purposes in accordance with a takings permit, a directive of the Secretary, or an enforcement action.
5.3 AMPHIPODS
CRANGONYCTIDAE-A
GAMMARID AMPHIPOD
FAMILY
Stygobromus borealis Taconic cave E 5
amphipod
5.4 INSECTS
5.4.1
APIDAE-BEE FAMILY
Bombus affinis Rusty-patched E 11
Bumble Bee
Bombus ashtoni Ashton Cuckoo E 11
Bumble Bee
Bombus terricola Yellow-banded T 11
Bumble Bee
5.4.2 No enforcement shall be taken and no permit shall be required for the taking of threatened or endangered bees:
a. for the application of pesticides unless:
i. The pesticide was not applied in accordance with the applicable federally approved label and state Agency of Agriculture, Food, and Markets (AAFM) regulations or permits; or
ii The Secretary of the Agency of Natural Resources after consultation with the Secretary of the Agency of Agriculture, has notified a person of the likely presence of threatened or endangered bees, has advised the person to avoid taking the bees or to obtain a permit, and the person has failed to prevent a taking or obtain a permit.
b. for otherwise legal activities such as, silviculture, mowing, road maintenance, construction, and painting and staining unless: the Secretary of the Agency of Natural Resources, has notified a person of the likely presence of threatened or endangered bees, has advised the person to avoid taking the bees or to obtain a permit, and the person has failed to prevent a taking or obtain a permit.
c. for aerial spraying or other activities under the direction of the Vermont Department of Health (VDH) to address public health threats such as arbovirus. The Secretary shall coordinate with AAFM and VDH to reduce the likelihood of taking bees.
5.4.3 The Secretary may develop best management practices (BMPs) to avoid and minimize the taking of bees. The Secretary shall consult with the AAFM, the Vermont Agency of Transportation, VDH, and any other interested state agency prior to finalizing the BMPs.
5.4.4
CICINDELIDAE-TIGER BEETLE
FAMILY
Cicindela hirticollis Hairy-necked tiger T 5
beetle
Cicindela marginipennis Cobblestone tiger T 1
beetle
Cicindela puritana Puritan tiger beetle T 5
5.5 MOLLUSKS
MARGARITIFERIDAE-PEARL
MUSSEL FAMILY
Margaritifera margaritifera Eastern pearlshell T 5
UNIONIDAE-UNIONOID MUSSEL
FAMILY
Alasmidonta heterodon Dwarf wedge mussel E 4, A
Alasmidonta varicosa Brook floater T 5
Anodontoides ferussacianus Cylindrical paper- E 6
shell
Lampsilis ovata Pocketbook E 6
Lasmigona costata Fluted-shell E 6
Leptodea fragilis Fragile papershell E 6
Ligumia recta Black sand shell E 6, B
Potamilus alatus Pink heelsplitter E 6
Pyganodon grandis Giant floater T 6
5.6 FISH
ACIPENSERIDAE-STURGEON
FAMILY
Acipenser fulvescens Lake sturgeon E 1
ICTALURIDAE-NORTH
AMERICAN FRESHWATER
CATFISH FAMILY
Noturus flavus Stonecat E 5
PERCIDAE-PERCH FAMILY
Ammocrypta pellucida Eastern sand darter T 1
Percina copelandi Channel darter E 6
PETROMYZONTIDAE-
LAMPREY FAMILY
Ichthyomyzon fosser Northern brook E 4, A
lamprey
Lethenteron appendix American brook T 1
*(Lampetra appendix) lamprey
5.7 AMPHIBIANS
BUFONIDAE-TOAD
FAMILY
Anaxyrus fowleri Fowler's toad E 11
HYLIDAE-NEW WORLD TREE
FROG FAMILY
Pseudacris maculata Boreal chorus frog E 10
5.8 REPTILES
COLUBRIDAE-COLUBRID
SNAKE FAMILY
Coluber constrictor North American racer T 7
Pantherophis alleghaniensis Eastern ratsnake T 7
*(Elaphe obsoleta)
EMYDIDAE BOX TURTLE AND
POND TURTLE FAMILY
Clemmys guttata Spotted turtle E 6, C
SCINCIDAE-SKINK FAMILY
Plestiodon fasciatus
*(Eumeces fasciatus) Common five-lined E 1
skink
TRONYCHIDAE-SOFTSHELL
TURTLE FAMILY
Apalone spinifera Spiny softshell T 1
VIPERIDAE-VIPER AND PIT
VIPER FAMILY
Crotalus horridus Timber rattlesnake E 1
5.9 BIRDS
ACCIPITRIDAE-HAWK AND
EAGLE FAMILY
Haliaeetus leucocephalus Bald eagle E 1
CAPRIMULGIDAE-NIGHTJAR
FAMILY
Antrostomus sp. vociferous Eastern whip- T 10
*(Caprimulgus vociferus) poor-will
Chordeiles minor Common nighthawk E 10
EMBERIZIDAE-AMERICAN
SPARROW AND RELATIVES
FAMILY
Ammodramus henslowii Henslow's sparrow E 1
Ammodramus savannarun Grasshopper sparrow T 6
ICTERIDAE-BLACKBIRD
FAMILY
Euphagus carolinus Rusty blackbird E 11
LANIIDAE-SHRIKE FAMILY
Lanius ludovicianus Loggerhead shrike E 1
LARIDAE-GULL AND TERN
FAMILY
Chlidonias niger Black tern T 7,B
Sterna hirindo Commom tern E 2, A
PHASIANIDAE-TURKEY,
GROUSE, PHESANT AND
PARTRIDGE FAMILY
Falcipennis canadensis Spruce grouse E 2
SCOPLOPACIDAE-SANPIPER,
SNIPE AND RELATIVES
FAMILY
Bartramia longicauda Upland sandpiper T 7, A
TROGLODYTIDAE-WREN
FAMILY
Cistothorus platensis Sedge wren E 6, A
5.10 MAMMALS
FELIDAE-CAT FAMILY
Puma concolor cougar Eastern mountain lion E 1
*(Felis concolor cougar)
Lynx canadensis Canada lynx E 1
MUSTELIDAE-WEASEL
FAMILY
Martes americana American marten E 1
VESPERTILIONIDAE-VESPER-
TILIONID BAT FAMILY
Myotis leibii Eastern small-footed T 1
bat
Myotis lucifugus Little brown bat E 9
Myotis septentrionalis Northern long-eared E 9
Bat
Myotis sodalis Indiana bat E 1
Perimyotis subflavus Tri-colored bat E 10
________
*Date listed:
1 = 04-13-87
2 = 07-30-88
3 = 06-23-89
4 = 11-09-91
5 = 12-07-94
6 = 03-18-99
7 = 04-23-05
8 = 02-16-11
9 = 07-15-11
10 = 11-15-12
11 = 3-28-2015
A = listed as threatened on 04-13-87
B = listed as threatened on 12-07-94
C = listed as threatened on 06-23-89
*Indicates a name change (synonym or different taxonomic level) from a previous Vermont Endangered and Threatened Species list
(Added 1989, Regulation of the Secretary Agency of Natural Resources, eff. June 23, 1989; amended 1991, Regulation of the Secretary of Agency of Natural Resources, eff. Nov. 9, 1991; amended 1995, Regulation of the Secretary of Agency of Natural Resources, eff. Dec. 7, 1994; amended 1999, Regulation of the Secretary of Agency of Natural Resources, eff. Mar. 18, 1999; 2005 Regulation of the Secretary of Agency of Natural Resources, eff. April 28, 2005; 2011 Regulation of the Secretary of Agency of Natural Resources, eff. July 15, 2011; 2012 Regulation of the Secretary of Agency of Natural Resources, eff. Nov. 15, 2012; 2014, No. 116 (Adj. Sess.), § 13; 2015 Regulation of the Secretary of Agency of Natural Resources, eff. March 28, 2015.)
