2025 Vermont Statutes
Title 10 Appendix - Conservation and Development
Chapter 1 - Game
App § 10. Vermont endangered and threatened species rule

Universal Citation:
10A VT Stats § 10
Learn more This media-neutral citation is based on the American Association of Law Libraries Universal Citation Guide and is not necessarily the official citation.

§ 10. Vermont endangered and threatened species rule

1.0 Authority

This rule is adopted pursuant to 10 V.S.A. Chapter 123 which provides that the Secretary “shall adopt by rule a State endangered species list and a State threatened species list,” and may “adopt rules for the protection, conservation, or recovery of endangered and threatened species.”

2.0 Purpose

The purpose of this rule is to identify and list species of wild plants and animals and designate critical habitats that have been determined by the Secretary to require protection under Vermont law. The rule also sets out a process for the issuance of permits for the taking and possession of endangered and threatened species and the destruction or adverse impact to designated critical habitat.

3.0 Definitions

3.1 “Accepted silvicultural practices” means the accepted silvicultural practices defined by the Commissioner of Forests, Parks and Recreation, including the Acceptable Management Practices for Maintaining Water Quality on Logging Jobs in Vermont adopted by the Commissioner of Forests, Parks and Recreation.

3.2 “Critical habitat” for a threatened species or endangered species means: (A) a delineated location within the geographical area occupied by the species that: (i) has the physical or biological features that are identifiable, concentrated, and decisive to the survival of a population of the species; and (ii) is necessary for the conservation or recovery of the species; and (iii) may require special management considerations or protection; or (B) a delineated location outside the geographical area occupied by a species at the time it is listed under 10 V.S.A. § 5402, Vermont Endangered and Threatened Species Rule that: (i)(I) was historically occupied by a species; or (II) contains habitat that is hydrologically connected or directly adjacent to occupied habitat; and (ii) contains habitat that is identifiable, concentrated, and decisive to the continued survival of a population of the species; and (iii) is necessary for the conservation or recovery of the species.

3.3 “Destroy or adversely impact” means, with respect to critical habitat, a direct or indirect activity that negatively affects the value of critical habitat for the survival, conservation, or recovery of a listed threatened or endangered species.

3.4 “Endangered Species” means a species that has been listed as endangered by the Secretary because the species normally occurs in the State and its continued existence as a sustainable component of the State’s wildlife or wild plants is in jeopardy, or it is listed as an “endangered species” under the federal Endangered Species Act.

3.5 “Farming” shall have the same meaning as used in 10 V.S.A. § 6001(22) of this title.

3.6 “Forestry operations” means activities related to the management of forests, including a timber harvest; pruning; planting; reforestation; pest, disease, and invasive species control; wildlife habitat management; and fertilization. “Forestry operations” include the primary processing of forest products of commercial value on a parcel where the timber harvest occurs.

3.7 “Habitat” means the physical and biological environment in which a particular species of plant or animal lives.

3.8 “Harming,” as used in the definition of “take” or “taking” in this rule means: an act that kills or injures a threatened or endangered species; or the destruction or imperilment of habitat that kills or injures a threatened or endangered species by significantly impairing continued survival or essential behavioral patterns, including reproduction, feeding, or sheltering.

3.9 “Plant” means any member of the plant kingdom, including seeds, roots, and other parts thereof. As used in this rule, plants shall include fungi.

3.10 “Possession” means holding, controlling, exporting, importing, processing, selling, offering to sell, delivering, carrying, transporting, or shipping by any means a member of a species.

3.11 “Secretary” means the Secretary of the Agency of Natural Resources except where otherwise specified.

3.12 “Take and taking”

(a) With respect to wildlife designated a threatened or endangered species, means: (1) pursuing, shooting, hunting, killing, capturing, trapping, harming, snaring, or netting wildlife; (2) an act that creates a risk of injury to wildlife, whether or not the injury occurs, including harassing, wounding, or placing, setting, drawing, or using any net or other device used to take animals; or (3) attempting to engage in or assisting another to engage in an act set forth under subdivision (1) or (2) of this subdivision.

(b) With respect to a wild plant designated a threatened or endangered species, means uprooting, transplanting, gathering seeds or fruit, cutting, injuring, harming, or killing or any attempt to do the same or assisting another who is doing or attempting to do the same.

3.13 “Threatened Species” means a species that has been listed as threatened by the Secretary because the species is a sustainable component of the State’s wildlife or wild plants; it is reasonable to conclude based on available information that its numbers are declining; and unless protected, it will become an endangered species or, a species determined to be a “threatened species” under the federal Endangered Species Act.

4.0 Critical Habitat Designations

4.1 “Critical habitat,” as defined in 10 V.S.A. § 5401(4) and 10 V.S.A. § 5402a, has been designated for the following locations:

(a) Three (3) Common Tern Nesting Islands.

(b) Four (4) Spiny Softshell Nesting Areas.

(c) One (1) Bat Hibernaculum.

5.0 Permits for Taking and Possession

5.1 No person shall take or possess an endangered or threatened species without a permit, unless exempt as provided for in 10 V.S.A. § 5408(d) and as follows:

(a) No enforcement shall be taken, and no permit shall be required for the taking of listed threatened or endangered plants in instances where the plants are legally acquired and exist in a cultivated state or are artificially propagated (produced and grown under controlled conditions or originated from cultivated parental stock); unless the plants are cultivated or artificially propagated as part of a recovery plan or, for mitigation purposes in accordance with a takings permit, a directive of the Secretary, or an enforcement action.

(b) Prior to requiring a permit or initiating enforcement for the taking of any threatened or endangered bee(s), the Secretary of the Agency of Natural Resources shall:

1. notify affected landowners and persons who are engaged in activities that may result in taking the threatened or endangered bees of the presence of threatened or endangered bees and the requirement to avoid taking the bees or to obtain a permit; and

2. notify and consult with affected or interested state agencies including as applicable: the Agency of Commerce and Community Development (ACCD), the Agency of Transportation (AOT), the Vermont Department of Health (VDH), and the Agency of Agriculture, Food, and Markets (AAFM) whenever the presence of bees may impact farming or the application of pesticides.

(c) Upon discovering the presence of a threatened or endangered grassland bird on or in proximity to any farm or land used for farming, the Secretary of the Agency of Natural Resources shall:

1. consult with the Secretary of the AAFM prior to requiring a taking permit or engaging in enforcement activities; and

2. ensure that the regulatory actions taken to protect the species do not cause undue interference with farming.

5.2 No person shall destroy or adversely impact the designated critical habitat of an endangered or threatened species without a permit.

5.3 Pursuant to 10 V.S.A. § 5408(a) the Secretary may, after receiving the advice of the Endangered Species Committee, grant permits for the taking and possession of an endangered or threatened species:

(a) for scientific purposes;

(b) to enhance the propagation or survival of species;

(c) for zoological exhibition;

(d) for educational purposes;

(e) for noncommercial cultural or ceremonial purposes; or

(f) for a special purpose consistent with the purpose of the Federal Endangered Species Act (see16 U.S.C. § 1531(b)).

5.4 Pursuant to 10 V.S.A. § 5408(b), the Secretary may allow the incidental take of a threatened or endangered species or the destruction or adverse impact to critical habitat only if:

(a) the taking is necessary to conduct an otherwise lawful activity;

(b) the taking or the destruction and impact to the critical habitat, is attendant or secondary to, and not the purpose of, the lawful activity;

(c) the impact of the permitted incidental take or impact to critical habitat is minimized; and

(d) the incidental taking or the impact to critical habitat will not impair the conservation or recovery of any endangered species or threatened species.

5.5 An applicant for a Taking and Possession permit shall submit an administratively complete application to the Secretary, specifying for which purpose(s) the permit is required, as listed in 10 V.S.A. § 5408(a) and (b). The permit application shall include:

(a) a description of the activities that could lead to a taking of a listed threatened or endangered species or the destruction of or adverse impact on critical habitat;

(b) the steps that the applicant has or will take to avoid, minimize, and mitigate the impact to the relevant threatened or endangered species or critical habitat;

(c) a plan for ensuring that funding is available to conduct any required monitoring and mitigation, if applicable;

(d) a summary of the alternative actions to the taking or destruction of critical habitat that the applicant considered and the reasons that these alternatives were not selected, if applicable;

(e) the name or names and obligations and responsibilities of the person or persons that will be involved in the proposed taking or destruction of critical habitat;

(f) a description of the possible impacts due to the proposed action, and as applicable a plan for conservation or mitigation;

(g) permit fees and mitigation funding, if applicable; and

(h) any additional information that the Secretary may require.

5.6 Avoidance and Minimization

(a) Applicants for Taking and Possession permits shall have the burden to show that reasonable steps have been taken to avoid and minimize takings. The Applicant must provide information that demonstrates:

(1) The proposed activity cannot practicably be designed to avoid taking or the destruction or adverse impact to critical habitat, and still satisfy the basic project purpose; and

(2) If avoidance of taking of a listed species or the destruction or adverse impact to critical habitat, cannot practicably be achieved, the proposed activity has been planned to minimize adverse impacts on the listed species.

(b) The Secretary may require an applicant to submit additional information that the Secretary considers necessary to make a decision on the issuance or denial of a permit. The Secretary may dismiss the application without prejudice if the requested information is not provided to the Secretary within sixty (60) days of the Secretary's request.

(c) In determining whether the burden has been met, the Secretary shall evaluate the potential effect of any proposed activity on the basis of both its direct and immediate effects, as well as on the basis of any cumulative or on-going effects on the listed species.

(d) The Secretary may develop, and require the implementation of, best management practices (BMPs) to avoid and minimize the taking of threatened and endangered species. The Secretary shall consult with the AAFM, the AOT, VDH, and any other interested state agency prior to finalizing the BMPs.

5.7 Mitigation

The Secretary may require the implementation of mitigation strategies and may collect mitigation funds, in addition to the permit fees, in order to mitigate the impacts of a taking or the destruction of or adverse impact on critical habitat. Provided that the mitigation is commensurate with the taking or adverse impact proposed, mitigation may include:

(a) a requirement to rectify the taking or adverse impact or to reduce the adverse impact over time;

(b) a requirement to manage or restore land within the area of the proposed activity or in an area outside the proposed area as habitat for the threatened or endangered species, including treatment of conserved areas for the purposes of restoration or propagation of listed species;

(c) compensation, including payment into the Threatened and Endangered Species Fund for the uses of that Fund; or

(d) permanent conservation of habitat in which the same species exists, and ongoing monitoring of conserved areas.

5.8 Hearings

(a) The Secretary may conduct a non-adversarial, public hearing in order to evaluate the application. Such a hearing will be held within 60 (sixty) days of the receipt of the administratively complete application.

(b) When a petition has been denied and no public hearing has been held, the Applicant may request in writing to the Secretary that a hearing be held regarding the proposed activity. The Secretary will conduct a hearing within 30 (thirty) days of receipt of the request.

5.9 The Secretary may require, as part of an issued permit, conditions for the protection and conservation of endangered species.

5.10 The Secretary shall inform an applicant of a decision to approve or deny a permit no more than 60 (sixty) days following an application being deemed administratively complete unless the Secretary determines there is just cause.

5.11 The Secretary maintains continuing jurisdiction over activity permitted under this rule and may, at any time, order the permittee to undertake remedial measures to ensure the protection and conservation of listed species.

6.0 Listing

6.1 The following list of plants and animals is adopted as the Vermont Endangered and Threatened Species List pursuant to 10 V.S.A., chapter 123.

Group Family English Name Scientific Name Author Date Listed Sta-tus Previously Listed As Notes
6.2 Plants Apiaceae-Carrot Family Long-styled Snakeroot Sanicula canadensis var. grandis Fern. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Apiaceae-Carrot Family Yellow Pimpernel Taenidia integerrima (L.) Drude 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Apocyna-ceae-Dog-bane Family Blunt-leaved Milkweed Asclepias amplexicaulis Sm. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Apocyna-ceae-Dog-bane Family Butterfly-weed Asclepias tuberosa ssp. tuberosa L. 04-13-1987 T Asclepias tuberosa L.
6.2 Plants Apocyna-ceae-Dog-bane Family Whorled Milkweed Asclepias verticillata L. 03-28-2015 E
6.2 Plants Araceae-Arum Family Green Dragon Arisaema dracontium (L.) Schott 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Aspleniaceae-Spleenwort Family Mountain Spleenwort Asplenium montanum Willd. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Aspleniaceae-Spleenwort Family Green Spleenwort Asplenium viride Huds. 04-13-1987 T Asplenium trichomanes-ramosum L.
6.2 Plants Astera-ceae-Aster Family Sessile-leaved Boneset Eupatorium sessilifolium L. 11-09-1991 E
6.2 Plants Astera-ceae-Aster Family Harsh Sunflower Helianthus strumosus L. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Astera-ceae-Aster Family Hairy Lettuce Lactuca hirsuta Muhl. ex Nutt. 12-07-1994 T
6.2 Plants Astera-ceae-Aster Family Boott’s Rattlesnake-root Nabalus boottii D.C. 04-13-1987 E Prenan-thes boottii (DC.) A. Gray
6.2 Plants Astera-ceae-Aster Family Woodland Cudweed Omalotheca sylvatica (L.) Schultz-Bip. & F.W. Schultz 11-09-1991 E
6.2 Plants Astera-ceae-Aster Family Sweet Coltsfoot Petasites frigidus var. palmatus (Ait.) Cronq. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Astera-ceae-Aster Family White-flowered Leafcup Polymnia canadensis L. 12-07-1994 E Listed as Threatened on 04-13-1987.
6.2 Plants Astera-ceae-Aster Family Sweet Goldenrod Solidago odora ssp. odora Ait. 04-13-1987 T Solidago odora Ait.
6.2 Plants Astera-ceae-Aster Family Elm-leaved Goldenrod Solidago ulmifolia Muhl. ex Willd. 11-09-1991 E Listed as Threatened on 04-13-1987.
6.2 Plants Betula-ceae-Birch Family Dwarf Birch Betula minor (Tuckerman) Fern. 03-28-2015 E
6.2 Plants Blechna-ceae-Chain-fern Family Virginia Chain-fern Woodwardia virginica (L.) Sm. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Boragina-ceae-Borage Family Northern Wild Comfrey Cynoglossum virginianum var. boreale (Fern.) Cooperrider 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Brassica-ceae-Mustard Family Nodding Stickseed Hackelia deflexa ssp. americana (Gray) A. & D. Löve 04-13-1987 T Hackelia deflexa var.americana (Gray) Fern. & I.M. Johnston
6.2 Plants Brassica-ceae-MustardFamily Lyre-leaved Rock-cress Arabidopsis lyrata (L.) O’Kane & Al-Shehbaz 04-13-1987 T Arabis lyrata L.
6.2 Plants Brassicaceae-Mustard Family Drummond’s Rock-cress Boechera stricta (Graham) Al- Shehbaz 11-09-1991 E Arabis drum-mondii A. Gray
6.2 Plants Brassicaceae-Mustard Family Northern Rock-cress Braya humilis ssp. humilis (C.A. Mey.) B.L. Robins. 04-13-1987 T Braya humilis (C.A. Mey) B.L. Rob.
6.2 Plants Brassicaceae-Mustard Family Hoary Draba Draba cana Rydb. 04-13-1987 T Draba breweri var. cana (Rydb.) Rollins
6.2 Plants Brassicaceae-Mustard Family Smooth Draba Draba glabella Pursh 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Brassicaceae-Mustard Family Lake-cress Rorippa aquatica (Eat.) Palmer & Steyermark 04-13-1987 T Neobeckia aquatica (Eaton) Greene
6.2 Plants Bryaceae-Bryum Moss Family A Moss Plagiobryum zieri (Hedw.) Lindb. 06-23-1989 E
6.2 Plants Caprifoliaceae-Honeysuckle Family Squash-berry Viburnum edule (Michx.) Raf. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Caryophylla-ceae-Pink Family Marcescent Sandwort Minuartia marcescens (Fern.) House 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Caryophylla-ceae-Pink Family Marble Sandwort Minuartia rubella (Wahlenb.) Hiern 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Cistaceae-Rock-roseFamily Plains Frostweed Crocan-the-mum bicknellii (Fernald) Janchen 04-13-1987 T Helianthe-mum bick-nellii Fern.
6.2 Plants Cistaceae-Rock-roseFamily Beach Heather Hudsonia tomentosa Nutt. 04-13-1987 E
6.2 Plants Cistaceae-Rock-roseFamily Hairy Pinweed Lechea mucronata Raf. 11-09-1991 E
6.2 Plants Clusiaceae-St. John’s-wort Family Great St. John’s-wort Hypericum ascyron L. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Convolvula-ceae-Morn-ing-glory Family Low Bindweed Calystegia spithamaea ssp. spitha-maea (L.) Pursh 04-13-1987 T Calystegia spithamaea (L.) Pursh
6.2 Plants Cornaceae-Dogwood Family Flowering Dogwood Cornus florida L. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Crassulaceae-Stonecrop Family Roseroot Rhodiola rosea L. 04-13-1987 T Sedum rosea L. Scop.
6.2 Plants Cupressaceae-Cypress Family Creeping Juniper Juniperus horizontalis Moench 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Cyperaceae-Sedge Family Contracted Sedge Carex arcta Boott 11-09-1991 E
6.2 Plants Cyperaceae-Sedge Family Blackish Sedge Carex atratiformis Britt. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Cyperaceae-Sedge Family Buxb-aum’s Sedge Carex buxbaumii Wahlenb. 04-13-1987 E
6.2 Plants Cyperaceae-Sedge Family Capillary Sedge Carex capillaris ssp. capillaris L. 04-13-1987 T Carex capillaris L.
6.2 Plants Cyperaceae-Sedge Family Creeping Sedge Carex chordorrhiza Ehrh. ex L. f 11-09-1991 E
6.2 Plants Cyperaceae-Sedge Family Bronze Sedge Carex foenea Willd. 11-09-1991 E
6.2 Plants Cyperaceae-Sedge Family Garber’s Sedge Carex garberi Fern. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Cyperaceae-Sedge Family Houghton’s Sedge Carex houghtoniana Torr. ex Dewey 02-10-2022 E
6.2 Plants Cyperaceae-Sedge Family Pale Sedge Carex livida (Wahlenb.) Willd. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Cyperaceae-Sedge Family Nerveless Muehlen-berg Sedge Carex muehlen-bergii var. enervis Boott 04-13-1987 T Carex muehlen-bergii Schkuhr ex Willd.
6.2 Plants Cyperaceae-Sedge Family Muehlen-berg’s Sedge Carex muehlen-bergii var. muehlen-bergii Schkuhr ex Willd. 04-13-1987 T Carex muehlen-bergii Schkuhr ex Willd.
6.2 Plants Cyperaceae-Sedge Family Few-fruited Sedge Carex oligocarpa Schkuhr ex Willd. 11-09-1991 E
6.2 Plants Cyperaceae-Sedge Family Richard-son’s Sedge Carex richardsonii R. Br. 04-13-1987 E
6.2 Plants Cyperaceae-Sedge Family Hay Sedge Carex siccata Dewey 11-09-1991 E
6.2 Plants Cyperaceae-Sedge Family Sheathed Sedge Carex vaginata Tausch 11-09-1991 E
6.2 Plants Cyperaceae-Sedge Family Low Flatsedge Cyperus diandrus Torr. 06-23-1989 E
6.2 Plants Cyperaceae-Sedge Family Houghton’s Flatsedge Cyperus houghtonii Torr. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Cyperaceae-Sedge Family Few-flower-ed Spike-rush Eleoch-aris quinqueflora (F.X. Hartmann) Schwarz 04-13-1987 T Eleoch-aris pauciflora (Lightf.) Link
6.2 Plants Cyperaceae-Sedge Family Autumn Fimbristylis Fimbristylis autumnalis (L.) Roemer & J.A. Schultes 11-09-1991 E
6.2 Plants Cyperaceae-Sedge Family Capillary Beak-rush Rhyncho-spora capillacea Torr. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Cyperaceae-Sedge Family Barbed-bristle Bulrush Scirpus ancistro-chaetus Schuyler 11-09-1991 E Listed as Threatened on 04-13-1987.
6.2 Plants Cyperaceae-Sedge Family Bashful Bulrush Trichopho-rum plani-folium (Spreng.) Palla 11-09-1991 E Scirpus verecun-dus Fern. Listed as Threatened on 04-13-1987.
6.2 Plants Diapensia-ceae-Dia-pensia Family Diapensia Diapensia lapponica ssp. lapponica L. 04-13-1987 E Diapensia lapponica L.
6.2 Plants Dryopterida-ceae-Wood-fern Family Male Fern Dryopteris filix-mas ssp. brittonii Fraser-Jenkins & Widen 04-13-1987 T Dryopteris filix-mas (L.) Schott
6.2 Plants Dryopterida-ceae-Wood-fern Family Alpine Woodsia Woodsia alpina (Bolton) S.F. Gray 04-13-1987 E
6.2 Plants Equisetaceae-Horsetail Family Marsh Horsetail Equisetum palustre L. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Ericaceae-Heath Family Pinedrops Pterospora andromedea Nutt. 11-09-1991 E
6.2 Plants Ericaceae-Heath Family Bog Win-tergreen Pyrola asarifolia ssp. asarifolia Michx. 11-09-1991 T Pyrola asarifolia Michx.
6.2 Plants Ericaceae-Heath Family Lesser Pyrola Pyrola minor L. 04-13-1987 E
6.2 Plants Ericaceae-Heath Family Great Laurel Rhododendron maximum L. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Ericaceae-Heath Family Deerberry Vaccinium stamineum L. 12-07-1994 E
6.2 Plants Fabaceae-Pea Family Canada Milk-vetch Astragalus canadensis var. canadensis L. 04-13-1987 T Astragalus canaden-sis L.
6.2 Plants Fabaceae-Pea Family Jesup’s Milk-vetch Astragalus robbinsii var. jesupii Egglest. & Sheldon 04-13-1987 E
6.2 Plants Fabaceae-Pea Family Rattlebox Crotalaria sagittalis L. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Fabaceae-Pea Family Large-bracted Tick-trefoil Desmodium cuspidatum (Muhl. ex Willd.) DC. ex Loud. 11-09-1991 E
6.2 Plants Fabaceae-Pea Family Prostrate Tick-trefoil Desmodium rotundifolium DC. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Fabaceae-Pea Family Beach Pea Lathyrus japonicus var. mari-timus (L.) Kartesz & Gandhi 04-13-1987 T Lathyrus maritimus (L.) Bigelow
6.2 Plants Fabaceae-Pea Family Marsh Vetchling Lathyrus palustris L. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Fabaceae-Pea Family Violet Bush-clover Lespedeza frutescens (L.) Hornem. 04-13-1987 T Lespedeza violacea auct. non (L.) Pers Lespedeza violacea (L.) Pers. is now what was formerly known as L. intermedia(S. Watts) Britton and is not listed.
6.2 Plants Fabaceae-Pea Family Hairy Bush-clover Lespedeza hirta ssp. hirta (L.) Hornem. 11-09-1991 T Lespedeza hirta (L.) Hornem.
6.2 Plants Fabaceae-Pea Family Wild Lupine Lupinus perennis ssp. perennis L. 03-18-1999 E Lupinus perennis L. Listed as Threatened on04-13-1987.
6.2 Plants Fabaceae-Pea Family Wild Senna Senna hebecarpa (Fern.) Irwin & Barneby 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Fagaceae-Beech Family Scrub Oak Quercus ilicifolia Wangenh. 11-09-1991 E
6.2 Plants Fagaceae-Beech Family Dwarf Chinqua-pin Oak Quercus prinoides Willd. 04-23-2005 E
6.2 Plants Gentianaceae-Gentian Family Fringe-top Closed Gentian Gentiana andrewsii Griseb. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Gentiana-ceae-Gentian Family Felwort Gentianella amarella ssp. acuta (Michx.) J. Gillett 04-13-1987 T Gentianella amarella (L.) Boerner
6.2 Plants Gentiana-ceae-Gentian Family Stiff Gentian Gentianella quinquefolia (L.) Small 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Hydrophyll-aceae-Water-leaf Family Broad-leaved Waterleaf Hydrophy-llum cana-dense L. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Isoetaceae-Quillwort Family Engelmann’s Quillwort Isoetes engelmannii A. Braun 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Isoetaceae-Quillwort Family Green Mountain Quillwort Isoetes viridimon-tana M. Rosen-thal & W.C. Taylor 03-28-2015 E
6.2 Plants Juncaceae-Rush Family Greene’s Rush Juncus greenei Oakes & Tuckerman 11-09-1991 E
6.2 Plants Juncaceae-Rush Family Soldier Rush Juncus militaris Bigelow 11-09-1991 E
6.2 Plants Juncaceae-Rush Family Secund Rush Juncus secundus Beauv. ex Poir. 11-09-1991 E
6.2 Plants Juncagina-ceae-Arrow-grass Family Common Arrow-grass Triglochin maritima L. 02-16-2011 E
6.2 Plants Lamiaceae-Mint Family Yellow Giant Hyssop Agast-ache nepetoides (L.) Kuntze 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Lamiaceae-Mint Family Purple Giant Hyssop Agast-ache scrophulariifolia (Willd.) Kuntze 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Lamiaceae-Mint Family Smooth Wood-mint Blephilia hirsuta var. glabrata Fern. 04-13-1987 T Blephilia hirsuta (Pursh.) Benth.
6.2 Plants Lamiaceae-Mint Family Hairy Wood-mint Blephilia hirsuta var. hirsuta (Pursh) Benth. 04-13-1987 T Blephilia hirsuta (Pursh.) Benth.
6.2 Plants Lamiaceae-Mint Family American Dragon-head Dracoceph-alum parvi-florum Nutt. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Lamiaceae-Mint Family Obedient Plant Physostegia virginiana ssp. virgin-iana (L.) Benth. 04-13-1987 T Physostegia virginiana (L.) Benth.
6.2 Plants Lamiaceae-Mint Family Hoary Mountain-mint Pycnan-themum incanum var. incanum (L.) Michx. 11-09-1991 E Pycnan-themum incanum (L.) Michx.
6.2 Plants Lentibular-iaceae-Bladder-wort Family North-eastern Bladder-wort Utricularia resupinata B.D. Greene ex Bigelow 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Liliaceae-Lily Family Wild Garlic Allium cana-dense var. cana-dense L. 04-13-1987 T Allium cana-dense L.
6.2 Plants Liliaceae-Lily Family White Camas Anticlea elegans ssp. glauca (Nutt.) A. Haines 11-15-2012 E Anticlea glauca (Nutt.) Kunth
6.2 Plants Lygodia-ceae-ClimbingFern Family Climbing Fern Lygodium palmatum (Bernh.) Sw. 04-13-1987 E
6.2 Plants Magnolia-ceae-Magnolia Family Tulip Tree Lirioden-dron tulip-ifera L. 03-28-2015 E
6.2 Plants Melastoma-taceae-Mela-stome Family Virginia Meadow-beauty Rhexia virginica L. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Moraceae-Mulberry Family Red Mulberry Moras rubra L. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Nymphaea-ceae-Water-lily Family Dwarf Water-lily Nymph-aea leibergii Morong 04-23-2005 E
6.2 Plants Onagraceae-Evening-primrose Family Many-fruited False-loosestrife Ludwigia polycarpa Short & Peter 04-13-1987 E
6.2 Plants Ophioglossa-ceae-Adder’s-tongue Family Mingan Moonwort Botrychium minganense Victorin 02-16-2011 E
6.2 Plants Orchidaceae-Orchid Family Putty-root Aplectrum hyemale (Muhl. ex Willd.) Torr. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Orchidaceae-Orchid Family Arethusa Arethusa bulbosa L. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Orchidaceae-Orchid Family Fairy Slipper Calypso bulbosa var. americana (R. Br. ex Ait. f.) Luer 04-13-1987 T Calypso bulbosa (L.) Oakes
6.2 Plants Orchidaceae-Orchid Family Autumn Coral-root Corallorhiza odontorhiza var. odon-torhiza (Willd.) Nutt. 04-13-1987 T Corallorhiza odontorhiza (Willd.) Nutt.
6.2 Plants Orchidaceae-Orchid Family Ram’s Head Lady’s-slipper Cypripedium arietinum Ait. f. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Orchidaceae-Orchid Family Small Whorled Pogonia Isotria medeo-loides (Pursh) Raf. 11-09-1991 E
6.2 Plants Orchidaceae-Orchid Family Large Whorled Pogonia Isotria verticillata Raf. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Orchidaceae-Orchid Family Lily-leaved Tway-blade Liparis liliifolia (L.) L.C Rich, ex Ker-Gawl. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Orchidaceae-Orchid Family White Adder’s-mouth Malaxis monophy-llos var. brachypoda (Gray) F. Morris & Eames 04-13-1987 T Malaxis brachypoda (A.Gray) Fern.
6.2 Plants Orchidaceae-Orchid Family Auricled Tway-blade Neottia auriculata (Wiegand) Szlachetko 04-13-1987 E Listera auriculata Wieg.
6.2 Plants Orchidaceae-Orchid Family Southern Tway-blade Neottia bifolia (Raf.) Baumbach 04-13-1987 E Listera australis Lindl.
6.2 Plants Orchidaceae-Orchid Family Tubercled Orchid Platanthera flava var. herbiola (R. Br. ex Ait. f.) Luer 04-13-1987 T Platanthera flava (L.) Lindl.
6.2 Plants Orchidaceae-Orchid Family Hooker’s Orchid Platanthera hookeri (Torr. ex Gray) Lindl. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Orchidaceae-Orchid Family Three-bird Orchid Triphora triantho-phoros ssp. triantho-phoros (Sw.) Rydb. 04-13-1987 T Triphora triantho-phora (Sw.) Rydb.
6.2 Plants Orobancha-ceae-Can-cer-root Family Pale Painted-cup Castilleja septentrion-alis Lindl. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Papavera-ceae-Poppy Family Golden Corydalis Corydalis aurea Willd. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Pinaceae-Pine Family Jack Pine Pinus banksiana Lamb. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Plantagi-naceae-Plantain Family Mare’s-tail Hippuris vulgaris L. 11-09-1991 E
6.2 Plants Plantagi-naceae-Plantain Family Culver’s-root Veronica-strum virgini-cum (L.) Farw. 04-13-1987 E
6.2 Plants Poaceae-Grass Family Champlain Beach Grass Ammophila breviligulata ssp. champ-lainensis (Seymour) P.J. Walker, CA. Paris & Barrington ex Barkworth 04-13-1987 E Ammophila champlain-ensis Seymour
6.2 Plants Poaceae-Grass Family Alpine Sweet-grass Anthoxan-thum monti-cola ssp. monticola (Bigelow) Veldkamp 04-13-1987 T Hierochloe alpina (Swartz) R. & S.; Anthoxan-thum monti-cola (Bige-low) Veld-kamp
6.2 Plants Poaceae-Grass Family Pickering’s Reed-grass Calama-grostis pickeringii Gray 02-16-2011 E
6.2 Plants Poaceae-Grass Family Bentgrass Calama-grostis stricta ssp. inexpansa (Gray) C.W. Greene 11-09-1991 E
6.2 Plants Poaceae-Grass Family Sharp Manna-grass Glyceria acutiflora Torr. 11-09-1991 E
6.2 Plants Poaceae-Grass Family Stiff Witch-grass Panicum flexile (Gattinger) Scribn. 11-09-1991 E
6.2 Plants Poaceae-Grass Family Slender Mountain-rice Piptathe-ropsis pungens (Torr.) Romasch., P.M. Peter-son & Soreng 11-09-1991 T Oryzopsis pungens (Torr.) Hitchc; Piptatherum pungens (Torr ex Spreng.) Dorn
6.2 Plants Poaceae-Grass Family Shiny Wedgegrass Sphenopholis nitida (Biehler) Scribn. 11-09-1991 E
6.2 Plants Poaceae-Grass Family Blunt Sphenopholis Sphenopholis obtusata (Michx.) Scribn. 11-09-1991 E
6.2 Plants Poaceae-Grass Family Rough Dropseed Sporobolus compositus var. compo-situs (Poir.) Merr. 04-13-1987 E Sporobolus compositus (Poir.) Merr.; Sporobolus asper (Michx.) Kunth
6.2 Plants Poaceae-Grass Family Eight-flowered Fescue Vulpia octoflora var. tenella (Willd.) Fern. 11-09-1991 E Vulpia octoflora (Walt.) Rydb.
6.2 Plants Polemonia-ceae-Phlox Family Eastern Jacob’s Ladder Polemon-ium van-bruntiae Britt. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Polygona-ceae-Buck-wheat Family Douglas’ Knotweed Polygon-um doug-lasii Greene 11-09-1991 E
6.2 Plants Primula-ceae-Prim-rose Family Bird’s-eye Prim-rose Primula mistass-inica Michx. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Pterida-ceae-Maid-enhair-fern Family Green Mountain Maidenhair-fern Adiantum viridimon-tanum Paris 12-07-1994 T
6.2 Plants Ranuncu-laceae-Buttercup Family Early Thimble-weed Anemone multifida var. multi-fida Poir. 04-13-1987 E Anemone multifida Poir.
6.2 Plants Ranuncu-laceae-Buttercup Family Golden-seal Hydrastis canadensis L. 04-13-1987 E
6.2 Plants Ranuncu-laceae-Buttercup Family Allegheny Crowfoot Ranun-culus alle-gheniensis Britt. 11-09-1991 T
6.2 Plants Ranuncu-laceae-Buttercup Family Rue-anemone Thalic-trum thali-ctroides (L.) Eames & Boivin 02-10-2022 E
6.2 Plants Rhamn-aceae-Buckthorn Family Prairie Redroot Ceanothus herbaceus Raf. 04-13-1987 E
6.2 Plants Rosaceae-Rose Family Northern Cinquefoil Potentilla litoralis Rydb. 11-09-1991 E Potentilla pensylvan-ica var. bipinnati-fida (Doug-las) T. & G.
6.2 Plants Rosaceae-Rose Family Wild Plum Prunus americana Marsh. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Rosaceae-Rose Family Susque-hanna Sand Cherry Prunus susquehanae hort. ex Willd. 11-16-2012 E
6.2 Plants Rosaceae-Rose Family Needle-spine Rose Rosa acicularis ssp. sayi (Schwein) W.H. Lewis 11-09-1991 E Rosa acicularis Lindl.
6.2 Plants Rubiaceae-Madder Family Bog Bedstraw Galium labrador-icum (Wieg.) Wieg. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Salicaceae-Willow Family Tea-leaved Willow Salix planifolia ssp. planifolia Pursh 04-13-1987 T Salix planifolia Pursh
6.2 Plants Salicaceae-Willow Family Bearberry Willow Salix uva-ursi Pursh 04-13-1987 E
6.2 Plants Scheuchze-riaceae-Scheuch-zeria Family Pod-grass Scheuch-zeria palustris L. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Spargania-ceae-Bur-reed Family Lesser Bur-reed Spar-ganium natans L. 11-09-1991 T
6.2 Plants Sphagna-ceae-Sphag-num Family A Peat-moss Sphag-num sub-fulvum Sjors 06-23-1989 E Sphagnum nitidum Warnstorf
6.2 Plants Tofieldia-ceae-False Asphodel Family Sticky False-asphodel Triantha glutinosa (Michx.) Baker 04-13-1987 T Tofieldia glutinosa (Michx.) Baker
6.2 Plants Ulmaceae-Elm Family Cork Elm (Rock Elm) Ulmus thomasii Sarg. 02-16-2011 T
6.2 Plants Valeriana-ceae-Vale-rian Family Marsh Valerian Valeriana uliginosa (Torr. & Gray) Rydb. 04-13-1987 E
6.2 Plants Violaceae-Violet Family Lance-leaved Violet Viola lanceo-lata ssp. lanceo-lata L. 04-13-1987 T Viola lanceo-lata L.
6.2 Plants Xyridaceae-Yellow-eyed-grass Family Northern Yellow-eyed-grass Xyris montana Ries 04-13-1987 T
6.3 Amphipods Crangonyc-tidae-A Gammarid Amphipod Family Taconic Cave Amphipod Stygo-bromus borealis 12-07-1994 E
6.4.1 Insects Apidae-Bee Family Rusty-patched Bumble Bee Bombus affinis 03-28-2015 E
6.4.1 Insects Apidae-Bee Family Ashton Cuckoo Bumble Bee Bombus ashtoni 03-28-2015 E
6.4.1 Insects Apidae-Bee Family American Bumble Bee Bombus pensylvan-icus 02-10-2022 E
6.4.1 Insects Apidae-Bee Family Yellow-banded Bumble Bee Bombus terricola 03-28-2015 T
6.4.2 Insects Carabidae-Ground Beetle Family Hairy-necked Tiger Beetle Cicindela hirticollis 12-07-1994 T
6.4.2 Insects Carabidae-Ground Beetle Family Cobble-stone Tiger Beetle Cicindela margini-pennis 04-13-1987 T
6.4.2 Insects Carabidae-Ground Beetle Family Puritan Tiger Beetle Ellipsop-tera puri-tana 12-07-1994 T Cicindela puritana
6.5 Mollusks Margariti-feridae-Pearl Mussel Family Eastern Pearlshell Margar-itifera margari-tifera 12-07-1994 T
6.5 Mollusks Unionidae-Unionid Mussel Family Dwarf Wedge-mussel Alasmi-donta heterodon 11-09-1991 E Listed as Threatened on 04-13-1987.
6.5 Mollusks Unionidae-Unionid Mussel Family Brook Floater Alasmi-donta vari-cosa 02-10-2022 E Listed as Threatened on 12-07- 1994.
6.5 Mollusks Unionidae-Unionid Mussel Family Cylindrical Papershell Anodon-toides ferussa-cianus 03-18-1999 E
6.5 Mollusks Unionidae-Unionid Mussel Family Pocket-book Lampsilis ovata 03-18-1999 E
6.5 Mollusks Unionidae-Unionid Mussel Family Fluted-shell Lasmi-gona co-stata 03-18-1999 E
6.5 Mollusks Unionidae-Unionid Mussel Family Fragile Paper-shell Lepto-dea fra-gilis 03-18-1999 E
6.5 Mollusks Unionidae-Unionid Mussel Family Black Sandshell Ligumia recta 03-18-1999 E Listed as Threatened on 12-07- 1994.
6.5 Mollusks Unionidae-Unionid Mussel Family Pink Heel-splitter Potami-lus alatus 03-18-1999 E
6.5 Mollusks Unionidae-Unionid Mussel Family Giant Floater Pygano-don gran-dis 03-18-1999 T
6.6 Fish Acipen-seridae-Sturgeon Family Lake Sturgeon Acipenser fulvescens 04-13-1987 E
6.6 Fish Ictaluridae-North Amer-ican Fresh-water Cat-fish Family Stonecat Noturus flavus 12-07-1994 E
6.6 Fish Percidae-Perch Family Eastern Sand Darter Ammo-crypta pellucida 04-13-1987 T
6.6 Fish Percidae-Perch Family Channel Darter Percina copelandi 03-18-1999 E
6.6 Fish Petromyzon-tidae-Lamp-rey Family Northern Brook Lamprey Ichthyo-myzon fossor 11-09-1991 E Listed as Threatened on 04-13-1987.
6.6 Fish Petromyzon-tidae-Lamp-rey Family American Brook Lamprey Lethen-teron ap-pendix 04-13-1987 T Lampetra appendix
6.7 Amphibians Bufonidae-Toad Family Fowler’s Toad Anaxyrus fowleri 03-28-2015 E
6.7 Amphibians Hylidae-New World Tree Frog Family Boreal Chorus Frog Pseuda-cris mac-ulata 11-15-2012 E
6.8 Reptiles Colubridae-Colubrid Snake Family North American Racer Coluber constrict-or 04-23-2005 T
6.8 Reptiles Colubridae-Colubrid Snake Family Eastern Ratsnake Panther-ophis alleghan-iensis 04-23-2005 T Elaphe obsoleta
6.8 Reptiles Emydidae-Box Turtle and Pond Turtle Family Spotted Turtle Clemmys guttata 03-18-1999 E Listed as Threatened on 06-23- 1989.
6.8 Reptiles Scincidae-Skink Family Common Five-lined Skink Plestiodon fasciatus 04-13-1987 E Eumeces fasciatus
6.8 Reptiles Trionychi-dae-Soft-shell Turtle Family Spiny Softshell Apalone spinifera 04-13-1987 T
6.8 Reptiles Viperidae-Viper and Pit Viper Family Timber Rattle-snake Crotalus horridus 04-13-1987 E
6.9 Birds Caprimul-gidae-Nightjar Family Eastern Whip-poor-will Antrosto-mus voci-ferus 11-15-2012 T Capri-mulgus voci-ferus
6.9 Birds Caprimul-gidae-Nightjar Family Common Nighthawk Chordeiles minor 11-15-2012 E
6.9 Birds Icteridae-Blackbird Family Rusty Blackbird Euphagus carolinus 03-28-2015 E
6.9 Birds Icteridae-Blackbird Family Eastern Meadow-lark Sturnella magna 02-10-2022 T
6.9 Birds Laniidae-Shrike Family Logger-head Shrike Lanius ludovi-cianus 04-13-1987 E
6.9 Birds Laridae-Gull and Tern Family Black Tern Chlidonias niger 04-23-2005 E Listed as Threatened on 12-07- 1994.
6.9 Birds Laridae-Gull and Tern Family Common Tern Sterna hirundo 07-30-1988 E Listed as Threatened on 04-13-1987.
6.9 Birds Passerel-lidae-New World Spar-row Family Grasshop-per Spar-row Ammodram-us savannar-um 03-18-1999 T
6.9 Birds Passerel-lidae-New World Spar-row Family Henslow’s Sparrow Centronyx henslowii 04-13-1987 E Ammo-dramus henslowii
6.9 Birds Phasianidae-Turkey, Grouse, Pheasant andPartridge Family Spruce Grouse Canachites canadensis 07-30-1988 E Falcipen-nis cana-densis
6.9 Birds Scolopacidae-Sandpiper, Snipe and Relatives Family Upland Sandpiper Bartramia longicauda 04-23-2005 E Listed as Threatened on 04-13-1987.
6.9 Birds Troglody-tidae-Wren Family Sedge Wren Cistothorus stellaris 03-18-1999 E Cistothor-us plate-nsis Listed as Threatened on 04-13-1987.
6.10 Mammals Felidae-Cat Family Canadian Lynx Lynx canadensis 04-13-1987 E
6.10 Mammals Felidae-Cat Family Eastern Mountain Lion Puma concolor couguar 04-13-1987 E Felis concolor couguar
6.10 Mammals Mustelidae-Weasel Family American Marten Martes americana 04-13-1987 E
6.10 Mammals Vesperti-lioni-dae-Evening Bat and Vesper Bat Family Eastern Small-footed Bat Myotis leibii 04-13-1987 T
6.10 Mammals Vesperti-lioni-dae-Evening Bat and Vesper Bat Family Little Brown Bat Myotis lucifugus 07-15-2011 E
6.10 Mammals Vesperti-lioni-dae-Evening Bat and Vesper Bat Family Northern Long-ear-ed Bat Myotis septentrion-alis 07-15-2011 E
6.10 Mammals Vesperti-lioni-dae-Evening Bat and Vesper Bat Family Indiana Bat Myotis sodalis 04-13-1987 E
6.10 Mammals Vesperti-lioni-dae-Evening Bat and Vesper Bat Family Tri-colored Bat Perimyotis subflavus 11-15-2012 E

(Added 1989, Regulation of the Secretary Agency of Natural Resources, eff. June 23, 1989; amended 1991, Regulation of the Secretary of Agency of Natural Resources, eff. Nov. 9, 1991; amended 1995, Regulation of the Secretary of Agency of Natural Resources, eff. Dec. 7, 1994; amended 1999, Regulation of the Secretary of Agency of Natural Resources, eff. Mar. 18, 1999; 2005 Regulation of the Secretary of Agency of Natural Resources, eff. Apr. 28, 2005; 2011 Regulation of the Secretary of Agency of Natural Resources, eff. July 15, 2011; 2012 Regulation of the Secretary of Agency of Natural Resources, eff. Nov. 15, 2012; 2014, No. 116 (Adj. Sess.), § 13; 2015 Regulation of the Secretary of Agency of Natural Resources, eff. Mar. 28, 2015; 2022 Regulation of the Secretary of Agency of Natural Resources, eff. Feb. 10, 2022.)

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