State of WV v. Gore Water Association
Annotate this Case
January 1995 Term
_____________
No. 22786
_____________
STATE OF WEST VIRGINIA EX REL.
THE PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION OF
WEST VIRGINIA,
Petitioner
v.
GORE WATER ASSOCIATION,
Respondent
___________________________________________________________
Petition for Writ of Mandamus
WRIT GRANTED
___________________________________________________________
Submitted: April 5, 1995
Filed: April 13, 1995
Meyishi Blair, Esq.
Staff Attorney
Charleston, West Virginia
Attorney for the Petitioner
The Opinion of the Court was delivered PER CURIAM.
JUSTICE BROTHERTON did not participate.
JUDGE FOX sitting by temporary assignment.
SYLLABUS
"Mandamus is the proper remedy to compel a public utility
to comply with a lawful order of the Public Service Commission of
this State." Syllabus, State ex rel. Public Service Commission v.
Willis, 150 W. Va. 175, 144 S.E.2d 630 (1965).
Per Curiam:
In this original proceeding in mandamus, the Public
Service Commission of West Virginia seeks a writ to compel the Gore
Water Association to comply with the Commission's order of May 11,
1993. Because the Commission's order is lawful and was not
appealed, we grant the requested writ.
On January 11, 1995, the Commission petitioned this Court
for a writ of mandamus. On March 1, 1995, we issued a rule to show
cause returnable April 5, 1995. The matter was submitted upon the
Commission's petition and exhibits. Gore is not represented by
counsel and did not file an answer.
The Commission's May 11, 1993 order arose from a formal
complaint filed by Mr. and Mrs. Aaron G. Gillespie against the
Enlarged Hepzibah Public Service District. The Gillespies were
refused water service by that District because Gore was providing
water service to the Gillespies. Gore was joined as a defendant in
the proceeding, and the Commission's staff filed a separate
petition against Gore. The two matters were consolidated under
Case No. 92-0600-PWD-C.See footnote 1
Gore is a nonprofit corporation that owns a water system
consisting of approximately 3,000 feet of 4-inch pipe without any
storage capability. Built by its members in 1954, Gore serves
about 40 customers, none of whom is metered. Water is purchased
from the Clarksburg Water Board and the water, repair and
operational costs are divided among Gore's members.See footnote 2 In November
1992, the water bill for a Gore member was $18.00, which was
considered good. Considering only the water purchase cost the
November 1992 bill would "represent approximately 14,000 gallons,
compared to the usually accepted average of 4,500 gallons."
Maintaining that the Clarksburg Water Board tests the water, Gore
refuses to comply with the Department of Health's requirement to
collect bacteriological water samples.
Before the Commission, Gore alleged that because of its
membership structure, the Commission lacks jurisdiction and the
Rules of the Health Department do not apply. Gore argued it simply
buys water for its members.
By order dated May 11, 1993, the Commission found that
Gore is a public utility under W. Va. Code 24-1-2 [1979] and
"should be required to file a certificate of public convenience and
necessity with the Commission." As an alternative, Gore was
permitted to explore having the Clarksburg Water Board acquire and
operate the system.
The May 11, 1993 order of the Commission was not appealed
to this Court. By letter dated July 30, 1993, the Commission
reminded Gore of its order and sent Gore an application for the
required certificate. According to the Commission's January 11,
1995 petition, Gore "continues in its blatant and cavalier
violation of State law and your Petitioner's lawful orders."
I
W. Va. Code 24-1-2 [1979] defines a "public utility" to
include "any person or persons, or association of persons, however
associated, whether incorporated or not, including municipalities,
engaged in any business, whether herein enumerated or not, which
is, or shall hereafter be held to be, a public service." W. Va.
Code 24-2-1 [1991] states that "[t]he jurisdiction of the
commission shall extend to all public utilities in this state, and
shall include any utility engaged in any of the following public
services: . . . supplying water, . . . by municipalities or others. . . . See Broadmoor/Timberline Apartments v. Public
Service Commission of West Virginia, 180 W. Va. 387, 376 S.E.2d 593
(1988).
In Syl. pt. 3, Wilhite v. Public Service Commission, 150
W. Va. 747, 149 S.E.2d 273 (1966), we noted:
The test as to whether or not a person, firm
or corporation is a public utility is that to
be such there must be a dedication or holding
out either express or implied that such
person, firm, or corporation is engaged in the
business of supplying his or its product or
services to the public as a class or any part
thereof as distinguished from the serving of
only particular individuals; and to apply this
test the law looks at what is being done, not
to what the utility or person says it is
doing.
In this case, the Commission found that Gore was a public
utility, subject to its jurisdiction, because it supplied water to
the public. In an earlier case, Gore Water Association, PSC Case
No. 84-528-W-SC (1987), the Commission determined that no reason
existed to require Gore to obtain a certificate of public
convenience and necessity and, therefore, the Commission in 1987
declined "to exercise our authority until evidence of abuse,
discrimination or some other problem occurs at Gore." However, in
this 1993 case, the Commission found that Gore's failure to comply
with Department of Health's orders concerning the testing of water
was a serious problem requiring the Commission to exercise its jurisdiction.See footnote 3 On May 11, 1993, the Commission ordered Gore to
either apply for a certificate of public convenience and necessity
or explore having the Clarksbury Water Board acquire and operate
Gore's water system. According to the Commission's petition, Gore
has done neither.
W. Va. Code 24-2-2 [1935] states that "[t]he commission
may compel obedience to its lawful orders by mandamus or injunction
or other proper proceedings in the name of the state in any circuit
court having jurisdiction of the parties or of the subject matter,
or the supreme court of appeals direct, and such proceedings shall
have priority over all pending cases." In Syllabus, State ex rel.
Public Service Commission v. Willis, 150 W. Va. 175, 144 S.E.2d 630
(1965), we stated:
Mandamus is the proper remedy to compel a
public utility to comply with a lawful order
of the Public Service Commission of this
State.
See State ex rel. Public Service Commission v. Indian Creek Gas
Co., 154 W. Va. 35, 179 S.E.2d 574 (1971).
The petition alleges, and Gore does not deny, that Gore
has failed to comply with the May 11, 1993 order of the Commission.
Because the Commission has the clear legal right, in a proceeding in mandamus in this Court, to enforce compliance with its order by
Gore, we grant the requested writ.
For the above stated reasons, the writ of mandamus sought
is granted.
Writ awarded.
Footnote: 1
The Gillespies' complaint against the Enlarged Hepzibah
Public Service District was dismissed because at the beginning of
the November 5, 1992 hearing, an agreement among the parties was
reached by which the Gillespies were released by Gore and were
accepted for service by the Enlarged Hepzibah Public Service
District.Footnote: 2
Commercial customers without a served residence pay two
shares, but commercial customers with a served residence pay one
share for their residence and one for the business. Some customers
are renters, who because they are not association members, do not
pay a share. The number of renters was not in the record. Gore's
secretary/treasurer receives free water and is paid $17.50 per
month.Footnote: 3
The Commission also noted that Gore's high water usage might
be due to leakage or waste and that Gore had no provision for water
line maintenance or replacement.
Some case metadata and case summaries were written with the help of AI, which can produce inaccuracies. You should read the full case before relying on it for legal research purposes.
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.