MIGUEL HINOJOSA v. THE STATE OF TEXAS--Appeal from 357th District Court of Cameron County
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NUMBER 13-07-00699-CR
COURT OF APPEALS
THIRTEENTH DISTRICT OF TEXAS
CORPUS CHRISTI - EDINBURG
MIGUEL HINOJOSA,
Appellant,
v.
THE STATE OF TEXAS,
Appellee.
On appeal from the 357th District Court
of Cameron County, Texas.
MEMORANDUM OPINION ON REHEARING
Before Chief Justice Valdez and Justices Rodriguez and Garza
Memorandum Opinion Per Curiam
Appellant, Miguel Hinojosa, was convicted of illegally investing funds to possess
marihuana, a felony, and was sentenced to thirty-nine years in prison with a $100,000 fine.1
1
This Court reversed Hinojosa’s conviction and rem anded for a new trial, concluding that the trial
court erred in allowing the State to am end the indictm ent on the date of the trial. Hinojosa v. State, 875
S.W .2d 339, 342 (Tex. App.–Corpus Christi 1994, no pet.). After the second trial, Hinojosa was sentenced
to ten years’ im prisonm ent.
Hinojosa appears to take issue with a discrepancy pertaining to his sentence. Hinojosa alleges that
See Hinojosa v. State, 875 S.W.2d 339, 339-40 (Tex. App.–Corpus Christi 1994, no pet.)
(citing TEX . HEALTH & SAFETY CODE ANN . §§ 481.121 (Vernon 2003)).
Hinojosa
subsequently attempted to appeal an order issued by the trial court on August 15, 2007.2
See Hinojosa v. State, No. 13-07-00699-CR, 2008 Tex. App. LEXIS 5118, at *1 (Tex.
App.–Corpus Christi July 10, 2008, no pet.) (per curiam) (mem. op., not designated for
publication). After notifying Hinojosa of various defects associated with his notice of
appeal of which Hinojosa ignored, we dismissed the matter on July 10, 2008. Id. We
concluded that (1) the order from which Hinojosa appealed was not an appealable order,
and (2) Hinojosa failed to timely file and cure defects in his notice of appeal. Id.
On July 25, 2008, Hinojosa, while represented by appointed counsel, Philip T.
Cowen, filed a pro se motion for rehearing.3 On August 13, 2008, Cowen filed a “MOTION
TO DISMISS FOR LACK OF JURISDICTION, AND MOTION FOR LEAVE TO FILE FOR
REHEARING FOR THE PURPOSES [sic] OF DISMISSAL FOR LACK OF JURISDICTION”
on Hinojosa’s behalf. In this motion, Cowen explains that Hinojosa’s “appeal” was really
a post-conviction writ of habeas corpus which deprived this Court of jurisdiction. Cowen
the W estlaw Texas Crim inal History database indicates that he received a thirty-nine year sentence, which
does not correspond to the ten-year sentence im posed by the trial court after the second trial. Hinojosa
asserts that this discrepancy am ounts to an “im pedim ent or burden lim iting” his “physical liberty.” However,
Hinojosa states that “[t]he error in the TDCJ-ID system . . . is not one for this Court to correct, nor over which
this Court has jurisdiction to correct.” This statem ent supports our conclusion that Hinojosa’s “appeal” is really
a post-conviction writ of habeas corpus.
2
The trial court’s August 15, 2007 order was not m ade a part of the record before us.
3
W e m ay not consider the argum ents m ade by Hinojosa in his pro se m otion for rehearing because
Hinojosa is not entitled to hybrid representation. See Scheanette v. State, 144 S.W .3d 503, 505 n.2 (Tex.
Crim . App. 2004) (holding that a party neither has a right to hybrid representation nor a constitutional right to
represent him self on direct appeal); Landers v. State, 550 S.W .2d 272, 278 (Tex. Crim . App. 1977); see also
Latchie v. State, No. 13-06-00233-CR, 2007 Tex. App. LEXIS 6127, at *8 n.2 (Tex. App.–Corpus Christi Aug.
2, 2007, pet. dism ’d) (m em . op., not designated for publication). As such, we DENY Hinojosa’s pro se m otion
for rehearing.
2
further explains that Hinojosa’s main contention in his “appeal” is that he desires a copy
of the “transcript and documents relating to the commencement of his charges and
subsequent indictment” so that “he can use this in an appropriate proceeding to
substantiate his perjury allegations and to hopefully thus set aside his conviction.” We
construe Hinojosa’s “appeal” as a post-conviction writ of habeas corpus, see TEX . CODE
CRIM . PROC . ANN . art. 11.01 (Vernon 2005) (“The writ of habeas corpus is the remedy to
be used when any person is restrained in his liberty.”), and we GRANT Hinojosa’s motion
to dismiss for lack of jurisdiction and motion for leave to file rehearing for the purposes of
dismissal for lack of jurisdiction.
I. APPLICABLE LAW
This Court’s habeas corpus jurisdiction is appellate only; we have no jurisdiction to
issue writs of habeas corpus in criminal matters. Denby v. State, 627 S.W.3d 435, 435
(Tex. App.–Houston [1st Dist.] 1981, orig. proceeding) (per curiam). The power to issue
writs of habeas corpus in criminal matters is expressly reserved to the Court of Criminal
Appeals, the District Courts, the County Courts, and any judge of such courts. TEX . CODE
CRIM . PROC . ANN . art. 11.05 (Vernon 2005). Moreover, the Court of Criminal Appeals has
sole jurisdiction to grant post-conviction habeas corpus relief from a final felony conviction.
Id. art. 11.07 (Vernon Supp. 2007); Board of Pardons & Paroles ex rel. Keene v. Eighth
Court of Appeals, 910 S.W.2d 481, 483 (Tex. Crim. App. 1995). Thus, we have neither
original habeas corpus jurisdiction in criminal cases nor post-conviction habeas corpus
jurisdiction in felony cases. See Dodson v. State, 988 S.W.2d 833, 835 (Tex. App.–San
Antonio 1999, no pet.); see also In re Basquez, No. 13-07-222-CR, 2007 Tex. App. LEXIS
2825, at **1-2 n.2 (Tex. App.–Corpus Christi Apr. 10, 2007, orig. proceeding) (per curiam)
3
(mem. op., not designated for publication).
II. DISCUSSION
In his August 13, 2008 motion, Hinojosa argues that he believed that perjured
testimony was proffered at the grand jury proceedings. As such, he requests a copy of the
“transcript and documents relating to the commencement of his charges and subsequent
indictment” so that “he can use this in an appropriate proceeding to substantiate his perjury
allegations and to hopefully thus set aside his conviction.”
As a matter of constitutional equal protection, an indigent criminal defendant is
entitled to a free transcript of prior proceedings when that transcript is needed for an
effective defense or appeal. Britt v. North Carolina, 404 U.S. 226, 227 (1971); see Armour
v. State, 606 S.W.2d 891, 893-94 (Tex. Crim. App. [Panel Op.] 1980); see also Escobar
v. State, 880 S.W.2d 782, 783 (Tex. App.–Houston [1st Dist.] 1993, no pet.). However, an
indigent criminal defendant is not entitled to a free transcription of prior proceedings for use
in pursuing post-conviction habeas relief. In re Trevino, 79 S.W.3d 794, 796 (Tex.
App.–Corpus Christi 2002, orig. proceeding); see In re Coronado, 980 S.W.2d 691, 693
(Tex. App.–San Antonio 1998, orig. proceeding) (requiring an indigent criminal defendant
to show that the habeas corpus action is not frivolous and there is a specific need for the
records sought); Escobar v. State, 880 S.W.2d 782, 783 (Tex. App.–Houston [1st Dist.]
1993, no pet.) (citing United States v. MacCollom, 426 U.S. 317, 322-23 (1976)); see also
In re Evans, No. 13-08-00151-CR, 2008 Tex. App. LEXIS 4799, at *2 (Tex. App.–Corpus
Christi June 26, 2008, orig. proceeding) (per curiam) (mem. op., not designated for
publication). Therefore, Hinojosa is not entitled to a free transcription of prior proceedings
for use in pursuing his post-conviction habeas relief.
4
Because Hinojosa’s complaint arises from a post-conviction felony habeas
proceeding and because this Court does not have jurisdiction to entertain such a
proceeding, Hinojosa’s complaint should be directed to the Court of Criminal Appeals. See
TEX . CODE CRIM . PROC . ANN . art. 11.07, § 3(a); see also Ex parte Garcia, 988 S.W.2d 240
(Tex. Crim. App. 1999). We GRANT Hinojosa’s motion to dismiss for lack of jurisdiction
and motion for leave to file rehearing for the purposes of dismissal for lack of jurisdiction,
and we DENY Hinojosa’s pro se motion for rehearing.
Accordingly, the appeal is hereby DISMISSED FOR LACK OF JURISDICTION.
PER CURIAM
Do not publish.
TEX . R. APP. P. 47.2(b).
Memorandum Opinion on Rehearing delivered
and filed this the 4th day of December, 2008.
5
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