Com. v. Kocur, P. (memorandum)
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J-S69039-13 NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37 COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF PENNSYLVANIA Appellee v. PAUL D. KOCUR Appellant No. 1099 WDA 2013 Appeal from the Judgment of Sentence May 13, 2013 In the Court of Common Pleas of Warren County Criminal Division at No(s): CP-62-MD-0000053-2013 BEFORE: BOWES, J., ALLEN, J., and LAZARUS, J. MEMORANDUM BY LAZARUS, J. FILED DECEMBER 17, 2013 Paul Kocur appeals from the judgment of sentence imposed by the Court of Common Pleas of Warren County following his conviction for indirect criminal contempt1 for violating an order entered pursuant to the Protection from Abuse Act.2 After careful review, we affirm based on the opinion of the Honorable Maureen A. Skerda. The trial court ably summarized the facts and procedural posture of this matter as follows: On November 7, 2012, [Kocur] s mother, Mary A. Kocur, filed a Petition for Protection from Abuse, based on, among other things, [Kocur] s past threats to shoot [Mary] and [Kocur] s destruction of [his mother]'s bathroom door. That same day, ____________________________________________ 1 23 Pa.C.S.A. § 6114. 2 23 Pa.C.S. §§ 6101 6117. J-S69039-13 November 7, 2012, a Temporary Protection From Abuse Order (the PFA ) was issued, prohibiting contact between [Mary] and [Kocur], as well as several other protected parties, including [Mary] s daughter, Connie Onoratti, who also happens to be [Kocur] s sister. Although not at issue here, two weeks later, on November 21, 2012, following an agreement without a hearing on the instant matter, the Court entered a Final Protection From Abuse Order. The Temporary PFA (as well as the Final PFA, not at issue here) included language forbidding [Kocur] from contact[ing] [Mary], or any other person protected under this order, by telephone or by any other means, including through third persons. PFA, p. 1. The PFA provided [Kocur] shall not abuse, stalk, harass, threaten, or attempt to use physical force that would reasonably be expected to cause bodily injury to [his mother] or any other protected person in any place where they might be found. PFA, p. 2, ¶ 1. The PFA also prohibited [Kocur] from having ANY CONTACT with [Mary], either directly or indirectly, or any other person protected under this order, at any location... PFA, p. 2, I 3 (emphasis in original). [Kocur] was also specifically prohibited from contacting [Mary], or any other person protected under this Order, by telephone or by any other means, including through third persons. PFA, p. 2, ¶ 4. In addition to Connie Onoratti, [Mary] s daughter ([Kocur]'s sister), the PFA protected Angela and Tiffany Onoratti, [Mary] s granddaughters ([Kocur] s nieces). On November 11, 2012, Trooper Anthony R. Kestle of the Pennsylvania State Police spoke with Connie Onoratti, sister of [Kocur] and a protected party under the November 7, 2012, Temporary PFA, and received information that [Kocur] was in violation of the PFA Court Order. Over six months later, on May 1, 2013, an arrest warrant was issued for [Kocur] for Contempt for Violation of the November 7, 2012, PFA Order. After a continuance at the request of [Kocur], the hearing on the PFA violation was held May 13, 2013. At the hearing, the following facts were adduced. [Kocur] and his mother (Plaintiff in the PFA action) lived together on Lanning Hill Road, Sugar Grove, Pennsylvania. On November 7, 2012, the Warren County Sheriff served [Kocur] with notice of the PFA action, including a Temporary Protection from Abuse Order, proscribing conduct as outlined above. The Temporary PFA Order was time stamped at 4:12 p.m. November 7, 2012. At -2- J-S69039-13 8:00 p.m., that same evening, the PFA was served upon [Kocur] at his place of residence on Lanning Hill Road. However, [Mary] was not then present with [Kocur] in the Lanning Hill Road residence. Sometime after service of the PFA, while [Kocur] was gathering his things to depart from the Lanning Hill Road residence, although testimony was not clear exactly what time, [Kocur] was a party to a telephone call made by Josh Haney, a friend of [Kocur] s. However, before answering the telephone call from Haney, the answering machine at the Lanning Hill Road residence picked up the call and began recording the conversation. [Kocur] subsequently told Haney that he was going to get [his sister, Connie Onoratti] and sue her ass. [Kocur] also mentioned the PFA and the pending legal proceedings against him. Connie Onoratti, the sole witness for the Commonwealth in this proceeding, testified that she recognized [Kocur]'s voice on the recording as belonging to [Kocur], her brother. (However, the answering machine recording itself was not brought to court or admitted into evidence.) It was this answering machine message containing threats against Connie Onoratti that formed the violation of the PFA Order. Trial Court Opinion, 7/12/13, at 2-3. Following the hearing, the trial court found Kocur guilty of indirect criminal contempt for violation of a PFA. The court sentenced Kocur to ten days to six months imprisonment and costs and fines in the amount of $783.50. On June 6, 2013, Kocur, through his counsel, filed a timely notice of appeal. In response to an order from the trial court, Kocur filed a concise statement of errors complained of on appeal on June 24, 2013. See Pa.R.A.P. 1925(b). On appeal, Kocur asks this Court to review whether the evidence was sufficient to sustain a conviction for indirect criminal contempt. Appellant, at 4. Brief of Kocur contends that the message he left on his mother s -3- J-S69039-13 answering machine was not an intentional or knowing act and that he did not act with wrongful intent. When reviewing a contempt conviction . . . we are confined to a determination of whether the facts support the trial court decision. We will reverse a trial court s determination only when there has been a plain abuse of discretion. Commonwealth v. Brumbaugh, 932 A.2d 108, 111 (Pa. Super. 2007). The standard we apply in reviewing the sufficiency of the evidence is whether viewing all the evidence admitted at trial in the light most favorable to the verdict winner, there is sufficient evidence to enable the fact-finder to find every element of the crime beyond a reasonable doubt. In applying [this] test, we may not weigh the evidence and substitute our judgment for the fact-finder. In addition, we note that the facts and circumstances established by the Commonwealth need not preclude every possibility of innocence. Any doubts regarding a defendant s guilt may be resolved by the fact-finder unless the evidence is so weak and inconclusive that as a matter of law no probability of fact may be drawn from the combined circumstances. The Commonwealth may sustain its burden of proving every element of the crime beyond a reasonable doubt by means of wholly circumstantial evidence. Moreover, in applying the above test, the entire record must be evaluated and all evidence actually received must be considered. Finally, the trier of fact while passing upon the credibility of witnesses and the weight of the evidence produced, is free to believe all, part or none of the evidence. A charge of indirect criminal contempt consists of a claim that a violation of an Order or Decree of court occurred outside the presence of the court. Where a PFA order is involved, an indirect criminal contempt charge is designed to seek punishment for violation of the protective order. As with those accused of any crime, one charged with indirect criminal contempt is to be provided the safeguards which statute and criminal procedures afford. To establish indirect criminal contempt, the Commonwealth must prove: 1) the Order was sufficiently -4- J-S69039-13 definite, clear, and specific to the contemnor as to leave no doubt of the conduct prohibited; 2) the contemnor had notice of the Order; 3) the act constituting the violation must have been volitional; and 4) the contemnor must have acted with wrongful intent. Id. at 109-10 (citations omitted). The trial court properly concluded that the testimony and evidence presented was sufficient to sustain a conviction for indirect criminal contempt. Trial Court Opinion, 6/12/13, at 3-5. The Commonwealth s evidence established that: (1) the order was sufficiently definite, clear, and specific to Kocur as to leave no doubt of the conduct prohibited; (2) Kocur had notice of the order because he referenced it during the recording; (3) Kocur acted volitionally because he spoke with the intent to communicate ideas of his own free will while he was on his mother s phone in his mother s house; and (4) that Kocur acted with wrongful intent because he discussed conduct that he intended to carry out against a protected party despite knowing he was being recorded. Id. at 110. Furthermore, the trial court noted in its opinion that it had the opportunity to observe Kocur and found his testimony to be wholly incredible. Trial Court Opinion, 6/12/13, at 5. After reviewing the parties briefs, the record, and the relevant case law, we conclude that Judge Skerda s well-reasoned opinion thoroughly and properly disposes of the question of sufficiency of the evidence. Accordingly, we affirm on the basis of the trial court s opinion, which counsel should attach in the event of further proceedings. Judgment of sentence affirmed. -5- J-S69039-13 Judgment Entered. Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq. Prothonotary Date: 12/17/2013 -6-
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