State v. Gerig
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884 June 5, 2019 No. 239 IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF THE STATE OF OREGON STATE OF OREGON, Plaintiff-Respondent, v. CHRISTOPHER MICHAEL GERIG, Defendant-Appellant. Marion County Circuit Court 17CR30280; A166194 Lindsay R. Partridge, Judge. Submitted May 8, 2019. Ernest G. Lannet, Chief Defender, Criminal Appellate Section, and Erica Herb, Deputy Public Defender, Office of Public Defense Services, filed the opening brief for appellant. On a supplemental brief were Ernest G. Lannet, Chief Defender, Criminal Appellate Section, and Erik Blumenthal, Deputy Public Defender. Christopher Michael Gerig filed the reply brief and a supplemental brief pro se. Ellen F. Rosenblum, Attorney General, Benjamin Gutman, Solicitor General, and Michael A. Casper, Assistant Attorney General, filed the briefs for respondent. Before Lagesen, Presiding Judge, and James, Judge, and Landau, Senior Judge. PER CURIAM Affirmed. Cite as 297 Or App 884 (2019) 885 PER CURIAM Defendant appeals his convictions for first-degree rape, ORS 163.375, and first-degree sexual abuse, ORS 163.427. The conduct underlying the convictions occurred at a party, while the victim was intoxicated. We affirm. Defendant argues in his first two assignments of error that the trial court plainly erred by not instructing the jury on the rape and sexual abuse charges that it was required to find that defendant knew that the victim was incapable of consent due to physical helplessness, mental incapacity, or mental defect. In his third and fourth assignments of error, he similarly argues that the trial court plainly erred by not instructing the jury that it had to find defendant to be at least criminally negligent with respect to the victim’s lack of capacity to consent. As the state points out in response, however, defendant’s arguments are foreclosed by our decision in State v. Phelps, 141 Or App 555, 558-59, 920 P2d 1098, rev den, 324 Or 306 (1996), in which we concluded that the state is not required to prove that the defendant had a culpable mental state with respect to a victim’s lack of capacity to consent due to physical helplessness, mental incapacity, or mental defect.1 See also State v. Nyembo, 292 Or App 215, 418 P3d 784, rev den, 363 Or 744 (2018). Defendant also raises, in a pro se supplemental brief, challenges to the sufficiency of the evidence that are predicated on the state being required to prove that defendant had a culpable mental state as to the victim’s lack of capacity to consent. Because the state was not required to prove that, we reject those challenges. In his fifth assignment of error, defendant argues that the trial court plainly erred by not merging the guilty verdicts. State v. Spring is to the contrary, however, and we Under ORS 163.325(3), it is an affirmative defense to first-degree rape and first-degree sexual abuse, as charged here, for “the defendant to prove that at the time of the alleged offense[s] the defendant did not know of the facts or conditions responsible for the victim’s incapacity to consent.” That is, a defendant may prove a lack of knowledge to excuse the otherwise culpable conduct. Phelps, 141 Or App at 558-59; see also State v. Simonov, 358 Or 531, 538 n 3, 368 P3d 11 (2016) (using ORS 163.375 and ORS 163.325 to illustrate instance of legislature expressly providing mental states for elements of offenses). 1 886 State v. Gerig therefore reject that assignment without further discussion.2 172 Or App 508, 21 P3d 657, rev den, 332 Or 559 (2001) (holding that rape and sexual abuse guilty verdicts do not merge under ORS 161.067(1) because each offense contains an element that the other does not). Affirmed. Additionally, after the initial briefing was complete, defendant filed a supplemental brief that included supplemental assignments of error raising as plain error the trial court’s instructions to the jury that it could return nonunanimous verdicts, and to the trial court’s acceptance of the jury’s nonunanimous verdict on the rape charge. Defendant contends that the Sixth and Fourteenth Amendments to the United States Constitution require unanimous jury verdicts. We reject those arguments on the merits without further discussion. 2
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