State v Coffin

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An unpublished opinion of the North Carolina Court of Appeals does not constitute controlling legal authority. Citation is disfavored, but may be permitted in accordance with the provisions of Rule 30(e)(3) of the North Carolina Rules of Appellate Procedure. NO. COA04-425-2 NORTH CAROLINA COURT OF APPEALS Filed: 17 April 2007 STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA v. Durham County No. 01 CRS 050252 RODNEY EARL COFFIN On remand based on order of Supreme Court filed on 29 December 2006, vacating and remanding the unanimous decision of the Court of Appeals, State v. Coffin, 171 N.C. App. 515, 615 S.E.2d 738 (2005) (unpublished opinion), for reconsideration in light of the Supreme Court s opinion in State v. Blackwell, 361 N.C. 41, 638 S.E.2d 452 (2006). Appeal by defendant from judgment entered 7 November 2003 by Judge Howard E. Manning, Jr., in Durham County Superior Court. Originally heard in the Court of Appeals 17 November 2004. Attorney General Roy Cooper, by Assistant Attorney General Benjamin M. Turnage, for the State. Winifred H. Dillon, for defendant. LEVINSON, Judge. This case comes before us on remand from the North Carolina Supreme Court in order that we may reexamine the issue of sentencing in light of its recent decision in State v. Blackwell, 361 N.C. 41, 638 S.E.2d 452 (2006). During defendant s sentencing hearing after his plea to second -2degree murder, the trial court found an aggravating factor in violation of Blakely v. Washington, 542 U.S. 296, 159 L. Ed. 2d 403 (2004), and imprisonment. sentenced defendant to an aggravated term of We now determine whether the trial court s error is harmless beyond a reasonable doubt. During the plea hearing, the prosecutor incorporated by reference the record in this case as defendant s plea to second degree murder. a factual basis for Defendant s plea was entered after a mistrial during which the State contended that defendant committed the first degree murder of Bonnie Bassett by shooting her in the head twice while she laid in a bed she and defendant shared in their home. At trial, the State s evidence tended to show that defendant turned himself in to law enforcement authorities after the shooting. child together. Defendant and Bassett had a young He informed authorities that, after an argument with Bassett in the morning hours, he went into another room; smoked a cigarette; retrieved a small handgun from a drawer; and just shot her twice in the left temple. Although he had used cocaine in the past, he was not using the same in the hours leading up to the shooting. He was having problems with his ex- girlfriend; she was keeping [his] kids away from him ; and he was having financial problems. At trial, defendant attacked the credibility of the police investigation, attempting to raise the possibility that Bassett committed suicide by inflicting the fatal wounds. For example, defendant asserted, the police did not conduct a gun residue examination on Bassett s hands. Defendant -3also argued that he did not possess the specific intent to commit first degree murder. Following the mistrial and defendant s plea to second degree murder, the trial court found the aggravating factor contained in N.C. Gen. Stat. § 15A-1340.16(d)(15), that defendant took advantage of a position of trust or confidence . . . to commit the offense[,] and sentenced him to an aggravated term of imprisonment. With respect to this aggravating factor, the Supreme Court recently summarized cases where our appellate courts have either sustained or rejected this aggravating factor. State v. Munn, 355 N.C. 294, 318-19, 560 S.E.2d 776, 791-92 (2002). In the context of a marriage, the Supreme Court has stated that the trust or confidence contained in factor (d)(15) depends . . . upon the existence of a relationship between the defendant and victim generally conducive to reliance of one upon the other. State v. Arnold, 329 N.C. 128, 144, 404 S.E.2d 822, 832 (1991) (quoting State v. Daniel, 319 N.C. 308, 311, 354 S.E.2d 216, 218 (1987)). While concluding that the trust or confidence aggravating factor can apply to husband-wife relationships, the Court stated that [i]n some marriage-related situations, finding this aggravating factor may be inappropriate. Id. In Arnold, a pre-Blakely opinion, the issue of whether the victim trusted his wife was an important consideration in the Court s evaluation of whether the trial court erred in finding the trust or confidence factor. Id. In Blackwell, 361 N.C. 41, 638 S.E.2d 452, the Court -4considered whether the State carried its burden of proving that the Blakely error which occurred at defendant s . . . trial was harmless beyond a reasonable doubt. Id. at 45, 638 S.E.2d at 456. The Court stated: In conducting harmless error review, we must determine from the record whether the evidence against the defendant was so overwhelming and uncontroverted that any rational factfinder would have found the disputed aggravating factor beyond a reasonable doubt. [Neder v. United States, 527 U.S. 1, 9 (1999)](internal quotation marks omitted); see N.C.G.S. § 15A-1443(b) (2005); State v. Heard, 285 N.C. 167, 172, 203 S.E.2d 826, 829 (1974) ( [B]efore a court can find a Constitutional error to be harmless it must be able to declare a belief that such error was harmless beyond a reasonable doubt. ). The defendant may not avoid a conclusion that evidence of an aggravating factor is uncontroverted by merely raising an objection at trial. See, e.g., Neder, 527 U.S. at 19. Instead, the defendant must bring forth facts contesting the omitted element, and must have raised evidence sufficient to support a contrary finding. Id. Id. at 49-50, 638 S.E.2d at 458. Here, defendant and Bassett had a child together and shared a household. bed. Defendant shot Bassett while she was in the couple s During the trial proceedings that resulted in a mistrial because of the jurors inability to reach an unanimous determination of defendant s guilt, there was little evidence admitted that concerned the relationship with defendant. nature and quality of Bassett s We have reviewed the transcript and the record very carefully, and cannot conclude that a jury would have agreed that the defendant took advantage of a position of -5trust or confidence in committing the offense. reverse and remand for a new sentencing We therefore hearing where the prosecutor and defendant are afforded an opportunity to present evidence concerning this aggravating factor. Reversed and remanded for resentencing. Judges HUNTER and CALABRIA concur. Report per Rule 30(e).

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