State v Murphy
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An unpublished opinion of the North Carolina Court of Appeals does not constitute controlling legal authority. Citation is disfavored, but may be permitted in accordance with the provisions of Rule 30(e)(3) of the North Carolina Rules of Appellate Procedure. NO. COA04-344-2 NORTH CAROLINA COURT OF APPEALS Filed: 6 March 2007 STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA v. Rockingham County No. 03 CRS 641 BRIAN KEITH MURPHY, Defendant. Appeal by defendant from judgment entered 28 July 2003 by Judge W. Douglas Albright in Rockingham County Superior Court. Originally heard in the Court of Appeals 18 November 2004. See State v. Murphy, 172 N.C. App. 734, 616 S.E.2d 567 (2005). Upon remand by order filed 29 December 2006 from the North Carolina Supreme Court, which reversed and remanded to this Court for reconsideration in light of its decision in State v. Blackwell, 361 N.C. 41, 638 S.E.2d 452 (2006). See State v. Murphy, 361 N.C. 176, ___ S.E.2d ___ (2006). Attorney General Roy Cooper, by Special General Norma S. Harrell, for the State. Deputy Attorney Megerian & Wells, by Franklin E. Wells, Jr., for defendantappellant. TYSON, Judge. This Court initially addressed Brian Keith Murphy s ( defendant ) appeal from his jury conviction for second degree murder. We held no error occurred at trial, but remanded for -2resentencing in light of our Supreme Court s decision in State v. Allen, 359 N.C. 425, 615 S.E.2d 256 (2005). 172 N.C. App. 734, 616 S.E.2d 567 (2005). discretionary review. See State v. Murphy, The State petitioned for Our Supreme Court entered an order that: (1) allowed the State s petition for discretionary review; (2) vacated that portion of this Court s opinion remanding to the trial court for resentencing; and (3) remanded the matter to this Court for reconsideration of our holding in light of its decision in State v. Blackwell, 361 N.C. 41, 638 S.E.2d 452 (2006). v. Murphy, 361 N.C. 176, ___ S.E.2d ___ (2006). See State On remand, we hold that any errors which occurred in defendant s sentencing were harmless beyond a reasonable doubt. I. Background On 3 February 2003, a grand jury indicted defendant for the first-degree murder of three-year-old Brian Keith May. On 28 July 2003, a jury convicted defendant of second degree murder. Prior to sentencing defendant, the trial court found as aggravating factors that: (1) the victim of the crime was very young; (2) defendant took advantage of a position of trust or confidence to commit the offense; and (3) defendant was absent without leave from the United States Army at the time of the offense. The trial court found as a mitigating factor that defendant had a good reputation in the community in which he lived. The trial court concluded the aggravating factors outweighed the mitigating factor and sentenced defendant in the aggravated range of 192 to 240 months of imprisonment. -3II. Aggravating Factors Defendant argues the trial court erred by sentencing him in the aggravated range because the aggravating factors were found by the trial court and not submitted to the jury. Our Supreme Court recently examined the constitutionality of North Carolina s structured sentencing scheme in light of the United States Supreme Court s decisions in Apprendi v. New Jersey, 530 U.S. 466, 147 L. Ed. 2d 435 (2000), Blakely v. Washington, 542 U.S. 296, 159 L. Ed. 2d 403 (2004), and Washington v. Recuenco, ___ U.S. ___, 165 L. Ed. 2d 466 (2006). 638 S.E.2d at 453-55. Blackwell, 361 N.C. at 42-45, In Blackwell, our Supreme Court concluded that Blakely error is subject to harmless error analysis and a trial court s finding of an aggravating factor does not violate Article I, Section 24 of the North Carolina Constitution. 361 N.C. at 42-45, 638 S.E.2d at 453-55. In Blakely, the United States Supreme Court reiterated the rule first stated in Apprendi, Other than the fact of a prior conviction, any fact that increases the penalty for a crime beyond the prescribed statutory maximum must be submitted to a jury, and proved beyond a reasonable doubt. 542 U.S. at 301, 159 L. Ed. 2d at 412 (quoting Apprendi, 530 U.S. at 490, 147 L. Ed. 2d at 455). In Recuenco, the United States Supreme Court held that an error under Blakely is not per se or structural error and is subject to federal harmless error analysis. 474-77. ___ U.S. at ___, 165 L. Ed. 2d at -4Here, the trial court committed error under Blakely and Apprendi by unilaterally finding three aggravating facts, which increased the penalty for defendant s crime beyond the presumptive or prescribed statutory maximum. Blakely, 542 U.S. at 301, 159 L. Ed. 2d at 412; Apprendi, 530 U.S. at 490, 147 L. Ed. 2d at 455. This error is subject to further review to determine whether these errors were harmless beyond a reasonable doubt. Recuenco, ___ U.S. at ___, 165 L. Ed. 2d at 474-77; Blackwell, 361 N.C. at 42, 638 S.E.2d at 453. III. The State argues Harmless Error Analysis the trial harmless beyond a reasonable doubt. court s Blakely errors were We agree. Our Supreme Court has stated: In conducting harmless error review, we must determine from the record whether the evidence against the defendant was so overwhelming and uncontroverted that any rational fact-finder would have found the disputed aggravating factor beyond a reasonable doubt. The defendant may not avoid a conclusion that evidence of an aggravating factor is uncontroverted by merely raising an objection at trial. Instead, the defendant must bring forth facts contesting the omitted element, and must have raised evidence sufficient to support a contrary finding. Blackwell, 361 N.C. at 49-50, 638 S.E.2d at 458 (internal citations and quotations omitted) (emphasis supplied). A. Victim of the Crime was Very Young The trial court found as an aggravating factor that the victim of the crime was very young. Defendant testified, and evidence in the record showed, the victim in this case was three-years-old. -5Defendant admitted, and other uncontested evidence tended to show, the victim of the crime was very young. 50, 638 S.E.2d at 458. Blackwell, 361 N.C. at 49- Any rational finder of fact would have found this aggravating factor to exist beyond a reasonable doubt. Id. B. Position of Trust or Confidence The trial court also found as an aggravating factor that defendant took advantage of a position of trust or confidence to commit the offense. This aggravating factor depends upon the existence of a relationship between the defendant and victim generally conducive to reliance of one upon the other. Daniel, 319 N.C. 308, 311, 354 S.E.2d 216, 218 (1987). State v. In Daniel, our Supreme Court found, A relationship of trust or confidence existed because defendant was the child s mother and because she was singularly responsible for its welfare. 319 N.C. at 311, 354 S.E.2d at 218. Defendant testified he was basically being a father figure to the victim and that ever since [he] and [the victim s mother] got together, [he] started being a guardian to [the victim]. Defendant also testified he babysat the victim every day. Substantial evidence was also presented that the victim received injuries causing his death while he was in defendant s sole care. Defendant testified he was the child victim s father figure or guardian and was singularly responsible for his welfare at the time the victim received the injuries which caused his death. See State v. Sallie, 13 N.C. App. 499, 511-12, 186 -6S.E.2d 667, 674-75 (Presumption of malice arises when death ensues from an attack upon an infant.), cert. denied, 281 N.C. 316, 188 S.E.2d 900 (1972). Uncontroverted and overwhelming evidence was presented at defendant s trial tending to show defendant took advantage of a position of trust or confidence to commit the offense. 361 N.C. at 49-50, 638 S.E.2d at 458. Blackwell, We hold that a rational finder of fact would have also found this aggravating factor to exist beyond a reasonable doubt. C. Id. Absent Without Leave The trial court also found as an aggravating factor that defendant was absent without leave from the United States Army at the time the offense occurred. Michelle May ( May ), the victim s mother, was asked if she knew defendant s status with the military on 4 November 2002, the date of the offense. was AWOL. May responded, He May testified she knew defendant was AWOL based upon discussions she and defendant had when he moved in with her and the victim. This testimony was uncontroverted by defendant. Uncontroverted evidence was presented tending to show that defendant was absent without leave from the United States Army at the time of the offense. Id. We hold a rational finder of fact would have also found this aggravating factor to exist beyond a reasonable doubt. Id. IV. Conclusion Uncontroverted and overwhelming evidence was presented at defendant s trial in support of the three aggravating factors found -7to exist by the trial court. Id. The trial court s Blakely errors were harmless beyond a reasonable doubt. is not warranted. Harmless Error. Judges GEER and STROUD concur. Report per Rule 30(e). Remand for resentencing
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