Matter of Rossi v New York City Dept. of Parks and Recreation
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Matter of Rossi v New York City Dept. of Parks and Recreation 2013 NY Slip Op 30555(U) March 20, 2013 Supreme Court, New York County Docket Number: 103793/12 Judge: Joan B. Lobis Republished from New York State Unified Court System's E-Courts Service. Search E-Courts (http://www.nycourts.gov/ecourts) for any additional information on this case. This opinion is uncorrected and not selected for official publication. ANNED ON 312212013 [* 1] SUPREME COURT OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK NEW YORK COUNTY PRESENT: PART Justice L --p- INDEX NO. ROSSI, DANNY MOTION DATE NYCDEPARTMENTOFPARKS SEQUENCE NUMBER : 001 MOTION SEQ NO. ARTICLE 78 The following papem, numbsmd 1 to 2 , read an this motion to@ were Notice of MoUonlOrderto Show Cause Answering Amdavtts - Exhibits - Affldavk -Exhibits h&<?$ PeWm i-I! I No(s). / 2 - 1 27 (No(s). ReplyingAffldavlts [No(s). 26 Upon the foregoing papers, It I ordered that this motion i8 s UNFILED JUDGMENT This judgment has not been entered bv the cr#nrhrchde * n (3 Dated: 0 ,J.S.C. 1 ................................................................ 1. CHECK ONE ,,.it 2. CHECK AS APPROPRIATE: 3. CHECK IF APPROPRIATE: .............. MOTION I: S ........................ f IJ CASE DISPOSED 0GRANTED SETTLE ORDER DO NOT POST DENIED NON-FINAL DISPOSITION 0GRANTED IN PART OTHER SUBMIT ORDER FIDUCIARY APPOINTMENT REFERENCE [* 2] DANNY ROSSI, Index No, 103793/12 Petitioner, Jlecision.Order. and hdgment -against- NEW YORK CITY DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION, 'UNFILED JUDGMENT This judgment has not been entered by the County Clerk m d notice of entry cannot be served based hereon. To Respondentmobtain entry, counsel or authorized representative must ap ar in person at the Judgment Clerk's Desk (Room For an Order and Judgment Pursuant to Article 78&~. Civil Practice Law and Rules. __II____I_c__________---------------------------"--------- X JOAN B. LOBIS, J.S.C.: DannyRossi brings this petition under Article 78 of the New York Civil Practice Law and Rules. Petitioner seeks annulment of a final determination by the New York City Environmental Control Board. That determination reversed the administrativelaw judge's recommended decision and order dismissing violations issued to Petitioner by the New York City Department of Parks and Recreation (DPR or Agency). Respondent opposes the petition.' For the reasons set forth below, the petition is granted. I Petitioner D m y Rossi is a food vendor, who is also a veteran with service-related iy disabilities. He has amobile food vendor license issued by the New York Ct Departmentof Health and sells hot dogs, pretzels, and beverages from a pushcart. On October 5,201 1, while working in Central Park near the Metropolitan Museum of Art, Rossi received a notice of violation for refusing 'Respondent points out that the pro se petitioner erroneously cited the DPR as respondent, while the determination before this Court was issued by the New York ,CityEnvironmental Control Board (ECB). Accordingly, the BCB prepared the verification in answering the petition. [* 3] to move his pushcart. The DPR officer cited Rossi under Section 1-03(c)( 1) of Title 56 of the Rules of the City of New York, which prohibits a person from failing to comply with the lawful direction or command of an officer. The officerbased the directive to move on New York General Business Law Section 3 5 %which, among other things, limits the amount of space that a specialized vending licensee can take up at a given location and limits the number of specialized vending licensees in particular areas.2 Petitioner continued to receive additional, similar violations through October 201 1. Petitioner challenged these violations, and a hearing was held before an administrative law judge wt the Office of Administrative Trials and Hearings on December 6, ih 201 1. At the hearing, DPR officers appeared, representing the Agency. Mr. Rossi represented himself. Sergeant Asha Harris of the DPR testified that the violations were issued because General Business Law Section 35-a (Section 3 5 4 does not specify food, and, therefore, she contended that its language applies to all vending, In support of his challenge to the violations, Rossi argued that Section 35-a does not apply to food vendors. The administrative law judge determined that Section 35-a did not apply to food vendors. Construing the phrase hawk, peddle, vend and sell goods, w r s merchandise or solicit ae, trade, under Section 35-a( l)(a), the administrative law judge found that language referred to general, non-food, vending. He noted that food vending licenses are issued by the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (DHMH). is there anything in Section 35-a relating Nor 2Specializedvending licensees are veterans with service-related disabilities who have been licensed by DCA to hawk, peddle, vend and sell goods, wares or merchandise or solicit trade. Gen. Bus.Law 9 35-a(l)(a). -2- [* 4] to the DHMH. The administrative law judge noted, in contrast, that general vending licenses are issued by the Department of Consumer Affairs (DCA). Since he concluded that General Business Law Section 35-a did not apply to food vendors, he deemed the notices of violation unlawful. I I The Agency appealed the administrative law judge s determinationto the New York City Environmental Control Board (Board). The Board reversed, reinstated the notices of violation and imp0sed.a fine of $750.00. In reaching its conclusion the Board found that General Business Law Section 35-a applied to food vendors. It noted that an owner of a pushcart, ElizabethRossi,had previously stipulated to using her food vending cart in accordance with all of the placement restrictions set forth in Section 35-a in exchange for discontinuingan earlier Article 78 petition that she had filed pro se against the DHMH and DCA. In reversing, the Board further construed the word goods, which appears within the phrase, goods, wares or merchandise under the statute, as defined in the dictionary to include food products such as baked goods. The Board noted by comparison that Article 2 of the Uniform Commercial Code has been construed to include food products,suchas potatoes and vinegar within the ambit of contracts for goods. Finding that Section 35-a did apply to food vendors, the Board went on to find that the statute s priority restrictions limiting the number of vendors and restrictions relating to the size of vending units were violated. Rossi now petitions to annul that determination. I In an Article 78 proceeding, a court reviews an administrative action to determine I whether an agency s decision violates lawful procedures, is arbitrary or capricious, or is affected by an error of law. &, re Pell v. Roard of Educ,, 34 N.Y.2d 222,231 (1974); Roberts v, Gavin, 96 In -3- I [* 5] .D,3d 669, 671 (Is. Dep t 2012). Where th issue is Iimited to pure statutory interpretation, a court is not required to defer to an agency but rather should consider the plain language of the statute. U I : l3.We v. Kellv,95 A.D.3d 563,564 (1st Dep t 2012). The New York State legislature has long recognized the plight of w r veterans in a creating protective legislation. More than 100 years ago the General Business Law Section 32 first authorized veterans to.have the right to hawk, peddle, vend and sell goods, wares or merchandise. Kaswan v. AD& e, 142 Misc.2d 298, 300 (Sup. Ct. N.Y. Caunty 1989). That protection was expanded in the enactment of Section 35 of the General Business Law, which singled out disabled veterans for even greater protection. &g, a, v. A u m , 160 A.D.2d 324 (1 st Dep t 1990) Paswan (Section 35 entitles disabled veterans as a special class to peddle goods on city streets). By 1998, however, thk New York state legislature determined that certain restrictions I 1 , on those rights were needed. It enacted General Business Law Section 35-a, which authorizes the local licensing authority in cities having a population of at least one million to create specialized vending licenses to honorably discharged members of the armed forces of the United States who are physically disabled as a result of injuries received while in the service to hawk, peddle, vend and sell goods, w r s or merchandise. These specialized vending licenses (SVLs), in turn,are regulated by ae the M e r subsections of Section 35-a. In contrast, Title 17 of the New York Administrative Code regulates health, Among other things it regulates the Department of Health and Mental Hygiene and addresses licenses and 1 I I -4- I I [* 6] permits issued by that department. Subchapter two of Title 17 is dedicated to food vendors, and within that subchapter,a food vendor is defined as one who hawks, peddles, sells or offers food for sale at retail in any public space. N.Y.C.Admin. Code $ 17-306. Subchapter two regulates licensees operations, including but not limited to restrictions on the placement and locations of vending units. 5 17-315. While the administrativetribunals in this case looked to extrinsic sources such as case law, dictionary definitions, and administrative rulings to construe Section 35-a, this Court has examined the language of Section 35-a and finds that the New York state legislature did reference food vendors; Subsection 35-a( 1 1) provides the following: Where the city of New York authorizes general vending, through permit, auction, lottery or any other method subsequent to the effective date of this subdivision other than temporary general vendor licenses issued in connection with street fairs on any block face, street or avenue specified in a paragraph (a) of subdivision seven or subdivision seven-a of this section, the prohibitions and restrictions in this section on vending by specialized vending licensees will nat apply on such block face, street or avenue and the number of specialized vending licensees authorized per block face, street or avenue will, at a minimum, be equal to the greatest number of any single type of other vendor including but not Iimited tofood, general, or vendors of written matter and others similarly situated on such block face, street or avenue. Gen. Bus. Law 6 3 5 41 1) (emphasis added). As Subsection 11 of Section 35-a shows, the legislature I w s aware of and distinguished food vendors f o specialized vending licensees, in crafiing the a rm statute. Additionallythe regulationsgoverning specialized vending licensees further show that the provisions of Section 35-a have been interpreted to apply to nos-food vending only. The Department of Consumer .Affairs, which is charged with issuing general vendor licenses, explicitly -5- [* 7] 'excludes food vending fromthe purviev of general vendor licenses. N.Y.C. Admin. Code 9 20- 452(b) (definition of general vendor "shall not include a food vendor" regulated by DHMH). Title Six of the Regulations of the Ct of New York sets forth the Department of Consumer Affairs's iy regulations. Chapter 2 of that title addresses licenses. Subchapter AA in turn addresses general - vendors and within that subchapter at Section 17-31S appear the regulations for specialized vending licensees. Based on this Court's review of both the statutary and regulatory schemes implicated in this case, I find that the Board's interpretation that the state legislature intended to include food vendors within the category of SVLs under Section 35-a of the New York General Business Law is erroneous. This Court finds as a matter of law that the law does not apply to food vendors, and, therefore, the Agency directives to move were unlawhl. Accordingly, it is ORDEMD and ADJUDGED that the petition is granted, and the proceeding is remanded for further proceedings consistent with this decision. Dated: March 4 ' ,2013 JOAN ,S./tOBIS, J.S.C. UNFILED JUDGMENT This Judgment has not been entered by the County Clerk and notice of entry cannot be served based hereon. To obtain entry, counsel or authorized representative must appear in person at the Judgment Clerk's Desk (Room 1416). . ,. -6- I
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