CENTRAL JERSEY PROPERTIES, LLC v. PENG SHANG

NOT FOR PUBLICATION WITHOUT THE
                               APPROVAL OF THE APPELLATE DIVISION
        This opinion shall not "constitute precedent or be binding upon any court ." Although it is posted on the
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                                                        SUPERIOR COURT OF NEW JERSEY
                                                        APPELLATE DIVISION
                                                        DOCKET NO. A-3043-18T
1

CENTRAL.J.RSEY
PROPERTIES, LLC,

          Plaintiff-Appellant,

v.

PENG SHANG,

          Defendant/Third Party
          Plaintiff-Respondent,

and

XIN CAO,

          Defendant,

v.

DIEGO LOMBARDO,

     Third-Party Defendant/
     Appellant.
________________________

                   Submitted November 30, 2020 – Decided January 28, 2021
            Before Judges Sabatino and DeAlmeida.

            On appeal from the Superior Court of New Jersey, Law
            Division, Middlesex County, Docket No. DC-017055-
            18.

            Antonio J. Toto, attorney for appellants.

            Peng Shang, respondent pro se.

PER CURIAM

      Plaintiff Central Jersey Properties, LLC (Central Jersey) and third-party

defendant Diego Lombardo appeal from the March 4, 2019 judgment of the

Special Civil Part awarding defendant/third-party plaintiff Peng Shang $3153.12

in this residential lease dispute. We affirm.

                                        I.

      The following facts are derived from the record. Central Jersey owns a

residential unit in Somerset County. Lombardo is the principal of Central

Jersey. On July 18, 2017, Central Jersey leased the unit to Shang for a one-year

term beginning August 17, 2017. 1 Shang agreed to pay monthly rent of $1625

and gave Central Jersey a security deposit of $2512.




1
  The lease also lists Xin Cao, Shang's spouse, as a tenant. Although Cao is
named as a defendant in the complaint, the judgment was entered in favor of
Shang only.
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      On or about December 13, 2018, Central Jersey filed a complaint in the

Special Civil Part alleging Shang vacated the unit prior to the end of the lease.

Central Jersey sought four months of unpaid rent and damages to cover the cost

of repairs to the unit totaling $10,082.

      Shang filed an answer and counterclaim naming Lombardo as a third-party

defendant. He alleged that "unpaid rent does not exist" and that the alleged

damages were "overpriced and should not exist." Shang also demanded $6000,

plus interest, costs, and attorney's fees for Central Jersey and Lombardo's failure

to return the security deposit.

      After trial, the court found as follows. Shang vacated the unit in April

2018. Prior to his departure, Shang notified Lombardo that his co-worker was

willing to assume the lease and pay the remaining four months of rent.

Lombardo informed Shang that he would accept his co-worker as a tenant only

if the co-worker was willing to sign a one-year lease with a monthly rent of

$1875. The co-worker declined that offer. Lombardo's subsequent efforts to let

the unit for the remainder of the lease term were unsuccessful.

      The court found Lombardo's refusal to accept the replacement tenant was

unreasonable and that his demand for a new one-year lease with a higher rent

constituted a failure on his part to mitigate damages. The court reasoned that in


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the absence of any evidence that the replacement tenant was unfit or financially

unable to pay the rent on the remaining four months of Shang's lease, Lombardo

had an obligation to accept the replacement tenant.

      The court, therefore, concluded Shang was not responsible for the four

months of rent due after he vacated the unit. The court determined Lombard o

unreasonably withheld Shang's security deposit, entitling Shang to double the

amount of the deposit in damages, minus the cost of necessary repairs. See

 N.J.S.A. 46:8-21.1.

      The court found credible Lombardo's testimony with respect to the cost of

repairing damages to the unit. The court concluded that the damages were

caused by Shang and that Lombardo had established that the $987.94 he spent

on repairs was reasonable.

      To calculate damages, the court deducted $987.94 from Shang's security

deposit to arrive at $1524.06 ($2512 - $987.94 = $1524.06). The court

doubled that amount to arrive at damages of $3048.12. The court also awarded

Shang $105 in costs, and denied his request for attorney's fees because he was

not represented by an attorney.

      On March 4, 2019, the court entered a judgment dismissing Central

Jersey's complaint and awarding Shang $3153.12 in damages ($3048.12 + $105


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= $3153.12). The court found the corporate veil was pierced and Lombardo was

personally liable for the damages. See State, Dept. of Envt'l Protection v.

Ventron Corp.,  94 N.J. 473, 500 (1983).

      This appeal followed. Central Jersey and Lombardo raise the following

arguments for our consideration.

            POINT I

            THE PLAINTIFF PROPERLY MITIGATED HIS
            DAMAGES.

            POINT II

            THE COURT SHOULD NOT HAVE DOUBLED THE
            SECURITY DEPOSIT AS THE DEFENDANTS
            TOLD THE PLAINTIFF TO USE THE SECURITY
            DEPOSIT AS A SET-OFF.

                                        II.

      Our scope of review of the judge's findings in this nonjury trial is limited.

We must defer to the judge's factual determinations, so long as they are

supported by substantial credible evidence in the record. Rova Farms Resort,

Inc. v. Inv'rs Ins. Co. of Am.,  65 N.J. 474, 483-84 (1974).           This court's

"[a]ppellate review does not consist of weighing evidence anew and making

independent factual findings; rather, our function is to determine whether there

is adequate evidence to support the judgment rendered at trial." Cannuscio v.


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Claridge Hotel & Casino,  319 N.J. Super. 342, 347 (App. Div. 1999). However,

"[a] trial court's interpretation of the law and the legal consequences that flow

from established facts are not entitled to any special deference." Manalapan

Realty, L.P. v. Twp. Comm.,  140 N.J. 366, 378 (1995).

      The record contains ample support for the trial court's conclusion that

Central Jersey, through Lombardo, failed to fulfill its obligation to mitigate

damages after Shang vacated the unit. See Sommer v. Kridel,  74 N.J. 446, 457

(1977) ("A landlord has a duty to mitigate damages where he seeks to recover

rents due from a defaulting tenant."). We agree that Lombardo did not use

"reasonable diligence in attempting to relet the premises," ibid., when he

rejected Shang's offer to have a co-worker assume the remaining four months of

the lease.

      In addition, there is substantial, credible evidence in the record supporting

the trial court's findings with respect to the repairs made to the unit after Shang's

departure. So too does the record support the trial court's conclusion that

Lombardo wrongfully withheld Shang's security deposit, given the landlord's

failure to mitigate damages, entitling Shang to double the amount of the deposit,

less charges for the costs of repair to the unit. See  N.J.S.A. 46:8-21.1. The

landlord's argument that the security deposit should not be returned because


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Shang authorized its use to offset the April 2018 rent is unavailing. The trial

court reasonably concluded Shang was not responsible for rent for the four

months that the unit was empty because Central Properties failed to mitigate its

damages by not accepting the replacement tenant offered by Shang.

      Affirmed.




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