Anthony McGruder v. State of Mississippi
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IN THE SUPREME COURT OF MISSISSIPPI
NO. 2001-CT-01542-SCT
CONSOLIDATED WITH
NO. 2003-TS-00689
ANTHONY McGRUDER
v.
STATE OF MISSISSIPPI
ON WRIT OF CERTIORARI
DATE OF JUDGMENT:
TRIAL JUDGE:
COURT FROM WHICH APPEALED:
ATTORNEY FOR APPELLANT:
ATTORNEY FOR APPELLEE:
DISTRICT ATTORNEY:
NATURE OF THE CASE:
DISPOSITION:
11/29/2000
HON. JANNIE M. LEWIS
YAZOO COUNTY CIRCUIT COURT
BELINDA J. STEVENS
OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL
BY: JEFFREY A. KLINGFUSS
JAMES H. POWELL, III
CRIMINAL - FELONY
REVERSED AND REMANDED TO THE COURT
OF APPEALS - 09/11/2003
MOTION FOR REHEARING FILED:
MANDATE ISSUED:
EN BANC.
WALLER, JUSTICE, FOR THE COURT:
¶1.
We granted Anthony McGruder's petition for writ of certiorari to review the judgment
of the Court of Appeals which dismissed McGruder's direct appeal of his criminal conviction as untimely
filed. McGruder v. State, 835 So.2d 104 (Miss. Ct. App. 2003), cert. granted, 847 So. 2d 866
(Miss. 2003). Finding that the Court of Appeals should have rendered a decision on this fully briefed
appeal, we reverse the Court of Appeals' judgment and remand the case to the Court of Appeals for a
decision on the merits.
FACTS
¶2.
The following factual background was recited in the Court of Appeals' opinion. On June 23, 1998,
a fire was started at 617 Grady Avenue in Yazoo City, Mississippi. Firefighters discovered two bodies in
the house. A subsequent investigation revealed the bodies to be those of Daisy Shinal and Willy Dixon,
an elderly brother and sister who lived in the house along with Anthony McGruder, Shinal's grandson.
Autopsies revealed that Dixon and Shinal had died days before the fire. Shinal's cause of death was
strangulation, and Dixon died of blunt force trauma to his head. McGruder became the primary suspect
in the police's investigation and later confessed to having a physical altercation with Dixon and Shinal. At
trial, State Deputy Fire Marshall Carl Rayfield and Yazoo City Fire Marshall James Jackson testified that
piles of clothes had been placed over Shinal and Dixon and set on fire. Paint thinner was used as an
accelerant. There were no signs of forced entry into the house. McGruder was found guilty of the murders
and of arson on November 29, 2000. Defense counsel’s first post-trial filing was a belated motion for
JNOV filed on March 15, 2001. McGruder filed a pro se motion to appoint new counsel on July 11,
2001. The circuit court appointed new appellate counsel on September 7, 2001. In the order appointing
new counsel, the circuit court specifically authorized new counsel to “determine the necessity for an appeal
of Defendant’s case and to so file an appeal after consultation and assessment with the Defendant.” New
counsel thereafter promptly filed a motion for JNOV which was denied on September 19, 2001. A notice
of appeal was filed by new counsel on September 26, 2001. The appeal proceeded in normal course with
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briefs filed by each side. The Court of Appeals thereafter rendered an opinion on January 21, 2003,
dismissing the appeal as untimely.
¶3.
Adding some confusion to the proceedings were continued filings by McGruder. McGruder filed
a pro se motion for out-of-time appeal on November 19, 2001, which was dismissed on December 20,
2001.
DISCUSSION
¶4.
M.R.A.P. 4 (a) and (d) require that an appeal be filed within thirty days after the trial court has
ruled on post-trial motions. The rules makes provision for an extension to be granted in the trial court upon
motion filed within thirty days after the expiration of the time otherwise allowed. No provision is made
authorizing the trial court, sua sponte or on motion filed in that court, to thereafter grant an out-of-time
appeal. Whether a trial court has authority to remedy the failure to file timely a notice after the time set by
the rules for filing
a notice of appeal had expired is doubtful. Coleman v. State, 804 So. 2d 1032, 1037 (Miss. 2002).
However, we may grant an out-of-time appeal "where a person is convicted of a crime and through no fault
of his own is effectively denied his right to perfect his appeal
within the time prescribed by law by the acts of his attorney or the trial court." Jones v. State, 355 So.
2d 89, 90 (Miss. 1978). We may suspend Rules 2 and 4 "when justice demands" to allow an out-of-time
appeal in criminal cases. Fair v. State, 571 So. 2d 965, 966 (Miss. 1990).
¶5.
Here, McGruder has done nothing to delay the perfection of his appeal. McGruder’s trial counsel
simply failed to file a JNOV until four months after the jury verdict and sentence were entered. Once
appointed, new counsel was timely in all post-trial filings and the perfection of the appeal. McGruder's
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appeal was untimely filed through no fault of his own. Justice demands that the out-of-time appeal filed by
McGruder’s new counsel be allowed and that this case should be considered on the merits. See Fair v.
State, 571 So. 2d at 967.
¶6.
McGruder’s pro se filings require some discussion. The text of the circuit court's order of
December 20, 2001, which denied the McGruder’s motion of November 19, 2001, for out-of-time appeal
was just that. The order disposed of McGruder’s pro se filings only and did not affect the appeal which
was filed by new counsel, which the trial court had specifically authorized, and which had already been
filed.
CONCLUSION
¶7.
We reverse the judgment of the Court of Appeals dismissing this appeal and remand the matter
back to the Court of Appeals for consideration and a decision on the merits of the case.
¶8.
REVERSED AND REMANDED TO THE COURT OF APPEALS.
PITTMAN, C.J., SMITH, P.J., COBB, CARLSON AND GRAVES, JJ., CONCUR.
McRAE, P.J. AND EASLEY, J., DISSENT WITHOUT SEPARATE WRITTEN OPINION.
DIAZ, J., NOT PARTICIPATING.
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