Lubertha Welch v. Bank One
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IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF THE STATE OF MISSISSIPPI
NO. 2007-CA-01475-COA
LUBERTHA WELCH
APPELLANT
v.
BANK ONE NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, AS
TRUSTEE
DATE OF JUDGMENT:
TRIAL JUDGE:
COURT FROM WHICH APPEALED:
ATTORNEY FOR APPELLANT:
ATTORNEY FOR APPELLEE:
NATURE OF THE CASE:
TRIAL COURT DISPOSITION:
DISPOSITION:
MOTION FOR REHEARING FILED:
MANDATE ISSUED:
APPELLEE
7/20/2007
HON. JAMES B. PERSONS
HARRISON COUNTY CHANCERY COURT
WILLIAM HALL PETTEY
ROBERT T. SCHWARTZ
CIVIL – REAL PROPERTY
MOTION TO SET ASIDE PRIOR
JUDGMENT DENIED
AFFIRMED – 2/24/2009
BEFORE MYERS, P.J., BARNES AND ROBERTS, JJ.
BARNES, J., FOR THE COURT:
¶1.
This case comes on appeal from the Chancery Court of Harrison County where a final
judgment was entered with prejudice against Lubertha Welch, and her subsequent motion to
set aside the order was denied. Welch now appeals the chancellor’s order denying her
motion. Finding no error, we affirm.
STATEMENT OF FACTS AND PROCEDURAL HISTORY
¶2.
Welch, an elderly woman, owned, as a co-tenant, certain property located in Harrison
County, Mississippi. The other co-tenant was her daughter, Diana Welch (Diana). Welch
had a long history of illness, which included the onset of Alzheimer’s disease beginning in
1996. Welch had a deed of trust on her property and, in an effort to make improvements to
the property in question, sought refinancing. In October 2000, Welch executed a deed of
trust from herself and Diana in favor of Mortgage Electronic Registration Systems, Inc.
(MERS). Subsequently, Welch defaulted on the note, and the deed of trust was foreclosed
by substituted trustee’s deed on December 7, 2001. Welch claims that all additional funds
from the refinancing, other than the repayment on the existing deed of trust, actually went
to Diana, not to her.
¶3.
Welch filed a complaint with the Chancery County of Harrison County on April 29,
2003. The complaint alleged that, as Welch was suffering from Alzheimer’s disease at the
time the deed of trust was executed, she lacked the mental capacity to execute the deed of
trust, and it should be rendered void. Welch then served process by publication upon MERS.
A summons was also filed with the chancery court; however, there is no evidence of service
of process, other than by publication. On June 30, 2003, Welch filed a motion for default
judgment pursuant to Rule 55(b) of the Mississippi Rules of Civil Procedure. A Judgment
Confirming Title was entered on July 1, 2003, which found that Welch was “not of sound
and disposing mind at the time of the execution of the instruments”; therefore, the
instruments should be cancelled and set aside.
¶4.
However, on August 19, 2004, Bank One National Association, as trustee, filed a
separate answer and affirmative defenses of intervenor in response to Welch’s complaint.
In its answer, Bank One asserted that it was the owner of the property in question through
a conveyance from MERS, and, in fact, MERS was not the owner at the time the complaint
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was filed. Simultaneously, Bank One also filed a motion to intervene and to set aside
judgment confirming title, which alleged that Welch failed to cause a summons to be issued
to MERS and failed to deraign title pursuant to Mississippi Code Annotated section 11-17-35
(Rev. 2004). Consequently, Bank One had no notice of the complaint or pending litigation
until July 2004.
Bank One also asserted that Welch failed to name necessary and
indispensable parties in her complaint – namely, Diana, the co-owner of the property, and
Susie Bowser, conservator for Welch.
¶5.
On January 21, 2005, the chancery court entered an order setting aside the default
judgment and allowing intervention. The chancellor found that Welch failed to obtain proper
service of process upon MERS, as the physical address for MERS was readily available
through public records. The order also found that Bank One, Diana, and Bowser were all
necessary and indispensable parties to the action; therefore, Welch was ordered to submit an
amended complaint within sixty days to include those parties.
¶6.
On April 29, 2005, Bank One filed a motion to dismiss claiming that Welch was in
contempt of the court’s order as she had failed to amend her complaint or affect service of
process. On August 17, 2005, a hearing on Bank One’s motion to dismiss was held, and the
chancellor granted Welch additional time – until September 15, 2005 – to amend the
complaint and serve process on the parties. On August 29, 2005, Hurricane Katrina ravaged
the Mississippi Gulf Coast causing severe destruction and loss of life. On April 14, 2006,
Bank One filed a supplemental motion to dismiss as Welch had still failed to comply with
the court’s orders. A hearing was held on June 13, 2006, regarding the supplemental motion
to dismiss; counsel for Welch was not present at the hearing. A final judgment was entered
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on June 14, 2006, dismissing the complaint with prejudice.
¶7.
Welch filed a motion to set aside the order on March 16, 2007. In her motion, Welch
cited exigent reasons for her failure to comply with the court’s orders, such as the
circumstances surrounding Hurricane Katrina. Specifically, the motion stated that the office
of Welch’s counsel was severely damaged, and it was difficult to maintain communication
between counsel and Welch during this period. Bank One filed a response to Welch’s
motion to set aside the order on June 5, 2007. On July 20, 2007, the chancellor denied
Welch’s motion to set aside the order, stating that Welch had failed to produce any grounds
under Mississippi Rule of Civil Procedure 60 to warrant setting aside or modifying the final
judgment.
¶8.
It is from this order than Welch appeals, requesting this Court to set aside the
judgment pursuant to Rule 60. Finding no error, we affirm.
I.
¶9.
Whether the chancery court erred in denying Welch’s motion to set
aside the judgment.
Welch cites Brown v. Credit Center, Inc., 444 So. 2d 358 (Miss. 1983) for her
argument that due to the circumstances surrounding Hurricane Katrina, the judgment against
Welch should be set aside and the case allowed to proceed on the merits. However, we
observe, as does Bank One in its brief, that Brown is not relevant to the issue before this
Court as Brown addresses summary judgment under Mississippi Rule of Civil Procedure 56,
not relief under Rule 60.
¶10.
Welch also neglects to specify under which prong of Rule 60 she is seeking relief.
However, as Rule 60(a) only addresses clerical mistakes, we must assume that Welch is
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referring to 60(b). Rule 60(b) has six provisions under which relief from a judgment may be
granted. As the first five provisions deal with mistakes, inadvertence, newly discovered
evidence, and fraud and are, therefore, irrelevant to the case at issue, we must again assume
that Welch is requesting relief specifically under Rule 60(b)(6) which states that relief may
be granted for “any other reason justifying relief from the judgment.”
¶11.
A request for relief under Rule 60 is reviewed under an abuse of discretion standard.
R.K. v. J.K., 946 So. 2d 764, 776 (¶35) (Miss. 2007) (citation omitted). “Relief under Rule
60(b)(6) is reserved for extraordinary and compelling circumstances.” Briney v. United
States Fid. & Guar. Co., 714 So. 2d 962, 966 (¶12) (Miss. 1998). Thus, Rule 60(b) should
not be used by litigants as “an escape hatch” in cases where the movant has had “procedural
opportunities afforded under other rules” yet has failed to pursue said procedural remedies.
City of Jackson v. Jackson Oaks Ltd. P’ship, 792 So. 2d 983, 986 (¶5) (Miss. 2001).
¶12.
The chancellor stated at the hearing on the motion to set aside the order that he did not
have the authority to set aside the judgment under Rule 60 due to the fact that too much time
had expired since the entry of the judgment. We find this reasoning inaccurate. The rule
states that there is no specific time frame provided by Rule 60(b)(6) under which a party may
bring a request for relief. Mitchell v. Nelson, 830 So. 2d 635, 639 (¶11) (Miss. 2002).
Nonetheless, “relief must be sought within a reasonable time.” Id.1 Had the chancellor
denied the motion based solely on the time issue, then this Court might have been persuaded
to remand for a more thorough examination and findings of fact. However, the order denying
1
Specifically Rule 60(b)(6) states: “The motion shall be made within a reasonable
time, and for reasons (1), (2) and (3) not more than six months after the judgment, order, or
proceeding was entered or taken.” M.R.C.P. 60(b)(6).
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the motion elaborated that the main reason for the denial was Welch’s failure to produce any
grounds under Rule 60. Based on this reasoning and our review of the record, we agree with
the chancellor’s conclusion that Welch failed to produce any reasonable grounds as to why
she should be afforded relief under Rule 60(b)(6). Although we understand Welch and her
counsel had extremely difficult circumstances befall them, Welch had almost nine months
prior to Hurricane Katrina in which to comply with the court’s original orders. In addition,
the court waited an additional ten months after the storm before entering its final judgment
against Welch, who as we have already noted, failed to appear at the hearing held on June
13, 2006, regarding Bank One’s supplemental motion to dismiss.
¶13.
Therefore, we find no abuse of discretion in the chancellor’s denial of Welch’s motion
to set aside the order and affirm.
II.
¶14.
Whether sanctions requested by Bank One against counsel for
Welch are warranted.
In its brief to this Court, Bank One claims that Welch’s failure to cite appropriate legal
authority to support her position, and the fact that her claim is “wholly frivolous,” constitutes
a “sanctionable event.” We find it ironic that Bank One fails to cite any legal authority for
such a claim. “The failure to cite authority in support of an issue precludes this Court from
considering the issue on appeal.” Kirkley v. Forrest County Gen. Hosp., 991 So. 2d 652, 662
(¶35) (Miss. Ct. App. 2008). Thus, we find that Bank One’s claim is procedurally barred and
decline to address the issue of any possible sanctions against Welch.
¶15. THE JUDGMENT OF THE CHANCERY COURT OF HARRISON COUNTY
IS AFFIRMED. ALL COSTS OF THIS APPEAL ARE ASSESSED TO THE
APPELLANT.
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KING, C.J., LEE AND MYERS, P.JJ., IRVING, GRIFFIS, ISHEE, ROBERTS
AND CARLTON, JJ., CONCUR.
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