Wayne-Bilt & Son, Inc. v. Alan Houpt
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IN THE COURT OF APPEALS
OF THE
STATE OF MISSISSIPPI
NO. 2000-CA-00870-COA
WAYNE-BUILT & SON, INC.
v.
ALAN HOUPT D/B/A HOUPT TRUCKING
DATE OF TRIAL COURT
JUDGMENT:
TRIAL JUDGE:
COURT FROM WHICH APPEALED:
ATTORNEY FOR APPELLANT:
ATTORNEY FOR APPELLEES:
NATURE OF THE CASE:
TRIAL COURT DISPOSITION:
DISPOSITION:
MOTION FOR REHEARING FILED:
CERTIORARI FILED:
MANDATE ISSUED:
APPELLANT
APPELLEE
04/17/2000
HON. BARRY W. FORD
PONTOTOC COUNTY CIRCUIT COURT
GENE BARTON
WILL R. FORD
CIVIL - OTHER
DEFAULT JUDGMENT FOR APPELLEE IN THE
AMOUNT OF $15,000
DISMISSED - 05/15/2001
05/25/2001; DENIED - 08/07/2001
8/16/2001; denied 10/11/2001
11/1/2001
EN BANC
LEE, J., FOR THE COURT:
MODIFIED OPINION ON REHEARING
¶1. A default judgment was entered against Wayne-Built & Son, Inc.(1) in the total sum of $15,000.
Aggrieved by the entry of this judgment Wayne-Built has filed a timely appeal to this Court and asserts the
following issues: (1) whether the trial judge erred when it denied the motion to set aside the default judgment
based on ineffective service of process and the failure to hold an evidentiary hearing, (2) whether the trial
judge erred in entering a $15,000 judgment in favor of Alan Houpt without a writ of inquiry to ascertain the
damages.
¶2. Without addressing the merits of the issues, we hold that an interlocutory appeal must be sought and
dismiss the case. After our original opinion was released, Wayne-Built sought rehearing. We deny that
motion, we withdraw our original opinion, and respond to the request for a clarification of our holding.
FACTS
¶3. The record reveals that Wayne-Built & Son, Inc. had hired Franklin Collection Agency to recover the
total sum of $5,991.59 from Alan Houpt for a past due account. On December 2, 1998, a complaint was
filed by Franklin Collection Agency against Alan Houpt. The complaint sought the sum of $5,991.59 plus
reasonable attorney's fees and cost of the cause of action from Houpt. The complaint alleged that Houpt
had received truck repairs from Wayne-Built and had failed to pay for the services rendered.
¶4. On December 21, 1998, Houpt filed an answer and cross-claim. The cross-claim asserted that WayneBuilt "wrongfully and incorrectly tried to repair the vehicle causing damage to the vehicle, causing lost time
and lost wages of the [d]efendant in the sum of $15,000." On the same date, a motion to add a third-party
defendant (i.e., Wayne-Built) was filed. On January 5, 1999, an order was filed which added Wayne-Built
as a third-party defendant. A summons and cross-claim were served on Wayne-Built.
¶5. The summons only stated that it was to be served on Wayne-Built Trucking and Repair, Inc. The
summons and proof of service failed to state the individual that was served on behalf of Wayne-Built.
Additionally, the proof of service contained a discrepancy regarding the date of service. No timely answer
was forthcoming from Wayne-Built in response to the summons and complaint. Subsequently, Houpt filed
an application to the clerk for an entry of default with a supporting affidavit. Thereafter, the clerk entered a
docket entry of default. On February 24, 1999, after the docket entry of default had been entered, the trial
judge entered a default judgment against Wayne-Built. The default judgment was filed on February 26,
1999. On February 26, 1999, a motion to set aside default judgment was filed by Wayne-Built. This
motion was denied by the trial judge on April 17, 2000.
DISCUSSION
I. WHETHER THE TRIAL JUDGE ERRED WHEN HE DENIED THE MOTION TO
SET ASIDE DEFAULT JUDGMENT BASED ON INEFFECTIVE SERVICE OF
PROCESS AND THE FAILURE TO HOLD AN EVIDENTIARY HEARING.
¶6. Wayne-Built has raised several points of error regarding its argument for ineffective service of process.
However, before we consider addressing any of these arguments we must resolve the issue raised during
the oral argument of this case regarding whether the default judgment entered by the trial judge is appealable
directly to this Court since the action involves multiple parties and multiple claims. If the trial judge was
required to grant a Mississippi Rules of Civil Procedure Rule 54 (b) certification, no further discussion of the
issues on the merits is required.
¶7. Even though this issue was not raised by either party, we must sua sponte address the issue. Owens v.
Nasco Intern., Inc., 744 So. 2d 772, 773 (¶3) (Miss. 1999). Mississippi Rules of Civil Procedure Rule 54
(b) addresses this issue and reads:
(b) Judgment Upon Multiple Claims or Involving Multiple Parties. When more than one claim for
relief is presented in an action, whether as a claim, counterclaim, cross-claim, or third-party claim, or
when multiple parties are involved, the court may direct the entry of a final judgment as to one or
more but fewer than all of the claims or parties only upon an expressed determination that there is not
just reason for delay and upon an expressed direction for the entry of the judgment. In the absence of
such determination and direction, any order or other form of decision, however designated which
adjudicates fewer than all the claims or rights and liabilities of fewer than all the parties shall not
terminate the action as to any of the claims or parties and the order or other form of decision is
subject to revision at any time before the entry of judgment adjudicating all the claims and rights and
liabilities of all the parties.
¶8. In Owens v. Nasco Intern., Inc., the Mississippi Supreme Court stated that "[w]ithout the entry of a
Rule 54 (b) certificate a trial court order, which disposes of less than all the claims against all of the parties
in a multiple party or multiple claim action, is interlocutory." Owens, 744 So. 2d at 774 (¶8).
¶9. In the case at bar, the action was originally filed by Franklin Collection Agency against Alan Houpt.
Subsequently, Houpt filed an answer and cross-claim, and a motion to add Wayne-Built as a third-party
defendant. The trial judge granted the motion to add Wayne-Built as a party.
¶10. Thereafter Wayne-Built was served with the summons and complaint; however, for reasons argued on
appeal, they failed to answer and a default judgment was entered. Even though a default judgment is
considered a final and appealable order as stated in the comment to Mississippi Rules of Civil Procedure
Rule 55, the default judgment failed to terminate the original cause of action that was filed by Franklin
Collection Agency against Houpt. Therefore, since the order did not dispose of all the claims of all the
parties, the trial judge needed to give the default judgment the status of a final judgment by giving a
Mississippi Rules of Civil Procedure Rule 54 (b) certification. The record does not contain a Rule 54 (b)
certification. Therefore, the order is not appealable as a final judgment, and the appeal is dismissed.
¶11. Since we have found that a valid appeal has never reached this Court, we cannot address any
substantive issue such as the validity of the default judgment. Jurisdiction remains with the trial court until a
proper interlocutory appeal or an appeal from a final judgment is brought.
¶12. THE APPEAL IS DISMISSED. ALL COSTS OF THIS APPEAL ARE ASSESSED TO THE
APPELLANT.
McMILLIN, C.J., KING AND SOUTHWICK, P.JJ., BRIDGES, THOMAS, IRVING,
MYERS AND CHANDLER, JJ., CONCUR.
1. Although the parties have referred to Wayne-Built as "Wayne-Bilt", the record reveals that
documents such as the certificate for incorporation and an affidavit of the president of the corporation,
as well as others, refer to it as "Wayne-Built". Therefore, we will refer to it as Wayne-Built throughout
this opinion.
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