ALLSTATE INSURANCE COMPANY V TODD VAUGHAN
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STATE OF MICHIGAN
COURT OF APPEALS
ALLSTATE INSURANCE COMPANY,
UNPUBLISHED
October 31, 2006
Plaintiff-Appellant,
v
TODD VAUGHAN and VINCENT GIOVANNI,
No. 268908
Oakland Circuit Court
LC No. 05-065547-CK
Defendants-Appellees.
Before: Borrello, P.J., and Jansen and Cooper, JJ.
JANSEN, J. (dissenting).
I respectfully dissent. Vaughan acknowledged that he intentionally made contact with
Giovanni, but contended that he simply pushed Giovanni on the right shoulder in order to cause
him to concentrate on keeping his balance rather than pursuing the puck. Allstate moved for
summary disposition pursuant to MCR 2.116(C)(10), arguing that it had no duty to defend or
indemnify Vaughan because the incident that resulted in injury to Giovanni did not constitute an
accident, and because it fell under the policy’s intentional act exclusion. Vaughan moved for
summary disposition pursuant to MCR 2.116(C)(8) and (10), arguing that Allstate was obligated
to defend and indemnify him. He contended that the incident constituted an accident because the
consequences were unintended and reasonable minds could not disagree that he could not have
expected the injury.
Under the policy in question, an insured need not act unintentionally to render the results
of his conduct accidental. If the act was intended but the consequences were not, the act was
accidental. However, if the act created a direct risk of harm from which the injurious
consequences reasonably should have been expected, the act was not accidental. Whether an
injury should have been reasonably expected is an objective inquiry. Allstate Ins Co v McCarn
(After Remand), 471 Mich 283, 289-290; 683 NW2d 656 (2004).
Vaughan’s deposition testimony established that he intentionally made contact with
Giovanni. Vaughan’s testimony also established that he had been playing hockey for more than
15 years at the time of the incident. In attempting to make Giovanni lose his balance on the ice,
Vaughan reasonably should have expected that Giovanni could have sustained injuries. The fact
that the specific resulting harm, Giovanni’s broken collarbone, was different from that which
could have reasonably been expected, is irrelevant. Frankenmuth Mutual Ins Co v Masters, 460
Mich 105, 116; 595 NW2d 832 (1999).
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A genuine issue of fact existed as to whether Giovanni’s injury was the reasonably
expected consequence of Vaughan’s intentional act. The trial court erred in determining as a
matter of law that the incident constituted an accident. No party was entitled to summary
disposition. I would affirm the trial court’s denial of Allstate’s motion, but reverse and remand
with respect to the trial court’s grant of summary disposition for Vaughan.
/s/ Kathleen Jansen
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