United States v. Lloyd, No. 12-50499 (9th Cir. 2015)
Annotate this CaseDefendants Lloyd, Keskemety, Nelson, Baker, and Greenhouse appealed their convictions and sentences for selling unregistered securities when they worked in "boiler rooms" soliciting investments in partnerships to finance the production and distribution of movies. The court affirmed Lloyd's sentence but concluded that Keskemety’s sentence for managing the Florida telemarketing boiler room improperly included fraud losses from the California boiler room that Lloyd managed. Therefore, the court vacated Keskemety's sentence and remanded for resentencing. The court reversed Nelsons' conviction based on evidentiary rulings, vacated the sentence, and remanded. The court affirmed Baker's conviction due to the overwhelming evidence against him, making the evidentiary errors harmless, but the court vacated Baker’s sentence and remanded for resentencing because of an error in calculating the Guidelines sentence. Finally, the court found no error as to Greenhouse's sentence and affirmed the sentence.
Court Description: Criminal Law. The panel affirmed in part, reversed in part, vacated in part, and remanded in part in cases in which five defendants—who worked for telemarketing “boiler rooms” in California and Florida, soliciting investments in partnerships to finance the production and distribution of movies—appeal their convictions or sentences for selling unregistered securities. James Lloyd pleaded guilty to two counts of wire fraud and Robert Keskemety to one count of mail fraud. The panel affirmed Lloyd’s sentence, but concluded that Keskemety’s sentence for managing the Florida telemarketing boiler room improperly included fraud losses from the California boiler room that Lloyd managed. The panel vacated Keskemety’s sentence and remanded for resentencing. The jury convicted both David Nelson and Paul Baker of one count of conspiracy to commit mail and wire fraud and to offer and sell unregistered securities, two counts of mail and wire fraud, and two counts of offering and selling unregistered securities. The panel reversed Nelson’s conviction based on evidentiary errors—including improper admission of lay opinion testimony, Fed. R. Evid. 404(b) evidence, and an email containing hearsay statements. The panel affirmed Baker’s conviction due to the overwhelming evidence against him, making the evidentiary errors harmless. UNITED STATES V. LLOYD 5 The panel vacated Baker’s sentence and remanded for resentencing because the district court did not account for U.S.S.G. § 4A1.2(k), cmt. n.11, in calculating his criminal history score. The panel found no error in Albert Greenhouse’s sentence.
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