Robert Orth v. CIR, No. 17-3348 (7th Cir. 2018)
Annotate this Case
Download PDF
NONPRECEDENTIAL DISPOSITION To be cited only in accordance with Fed. R. App. P. 32.1 United States Court of Appeals For the Seventh Circuit Chicago, Illinois 60604 Submitted June 14, 2018* Decided June 20, 2018 Before DIANE P. WOOD, Chief Judge JOEL M. FLAUM, Circuit Judge DIANE S. SYKES, Circuit Judge No. 17 3348 ROBERT EDWARD ORTH, Petitioner Appellant, v. COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE, Respondent Appellee. Appeal from the United States Tax Court. No. 18049 16 Ronald L. Buch, Judge. O R D E R Robert Orth failed to file tax returns for two years because he believes the law justifies his nonpayment. He petitioned the United States Tax Court for redetermination of tax deficiencies and additions to tax assessed by the Commissioner of Internal Revenue but elected to “reserve for appeal” his outlandish theories challenging the legality of the tax code. His restraint was strategic; he knew that tax courts often impose penalties on litigants who assert the frivolous tax protester arguments that Orth now * We agreed to decide this case without oral argument because the appeal is frivolous. See FED. R. APP. P. 34(a)(2)(A). No. 17 3348 Page 2 presents for review. See 26 U.S.C. § 6673(a)(1)(B). In his response to a motion for summary judgment, Orth referred to his own arguments as “off limits” and acknowledged that he is “banned from mentioning” and “barred from arguing” them in the Tax Court. The Tax Court entered summary judgment for the Commissioner, finding that Orth had not contested the facts establishing the tax deficiencies. Orth insists that he is not a tax protester. Regardless of his disclaimer, he has filed an appeal rife with tax protester arguments that this court and others have repeatedly deemed frivolous. He contends, for example, that United States citizens are not subject to an income tax, that the Treasury regulations violate the Sixteenth Amendment because only Congress can collect income taxes, and that wages are not taxable income. See United States v. Stuart, 773 F.3d 849, 850–51 (7th Cir. 2014) (identifying tax protester argument that wages are not income); United States v. Benson, 561 F.3d 718, 720 (7th Cir. 2009) (calling a tax protester argument challenging the constitutionality of the Sixteenth Amendment “frivolous”); United States v. Cooper, 170 F.3d 691, 691 (7th Cir. 1999) (labeling same arguments “frivolous squared”). Orth’s arguments raise no nonfrivolous challenge to the Commissioner’s assessment and do not excuse deficiencies in his income taxes. Because this appeal is frivolous, we AFFIRM the decision of the Tax Court and direct Orth to show cause within 14 days why sanctions should not be imposed under Rule 38 of the Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure. See Szopa v. United States, 460 F.3d 884, 887 (7th Cir. 2006) (establishing that $4,000 is the presumptive sanction for a tax appeal of this type).
Some case metadata and case summaries were written with the help of AI, which can produce inaccuracies. You should read the full case before relying on it for legal research purposes.
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
