United States v. Laurent, No. 15-3807 (2d Cir. 2022)
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Defendants appeal from judgments of the district court convicting them of crimes arising from their participation in a street gang known as the Six Tre Outlaw Gangsta Disciples Folk Nation. All three were convicted of violating the Racketeer-Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act (“RICO”) (Count One), of conspiring to violate RICO (Count Two), and of unlawful use of firearms “during and in 12 relation to a crime of violence . . . .” in violation of 18 U.S.C. Sec. 924(c) (Count 13 Three). In addition Defendant 1 was convicted of murder in aid of racketeering 14 (Count Four), Defendant 2 was convicted of assault with a dangerous weapon in aid of racketeering (Count Six) as well as additional violations of Sec 924(c) 16 (Counts Seven and Ten), and both Defendant 2 and Defendant 3 were convicted of Hobbs Act robbery conspiracy and attempted Hobbs Act robbery conspiracy (Counts Eight, Nine, Eleven, and Twelve).
While this appeal was pending, the Second Circuit Court concluded that RICO conspiracy could not be a crime of violence for purposes of Sec. 924(c). The court then vacated Defendant 3’s Count Three conviction, reasoning that the court could not be confident that the jury’s Section 924(c) conviction rested on a valid predicate. Further, the court reversed Defendant 2’s Count Ten conviction with prejudice, because Hobbs Act robbery conspiracy cannot be a crime of violence under Sec. 924(c). Finally, the court rejected Defendants’ other 26 challenges.
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