People v. Tovar
Annotate this CaseA jury convicted Tovar of first-degree murder and conspiracy to commit murder based on his participation in the 2010 killing of Afoa. The court of appeal affirmed, rejecting an argument that insufficient evidence supported a finding that he committed the conspiracy offense “for the benefit of, at the direction of, or in association with [a] criminal street gang, with the specific intent to promote, further, or assist in any criminal conduct by gang members” (Pen. Code 186.22(b)). Tovar, then 29 years old, was a self-admitted member of Fremont Mexican Territory, an East Bay Norteño gang, and admitted to killing Afoa during a recorded police interview.
Some case metadata and case summaries were written with the help of AI, which can produce inaccuracies. You should read the full case before relying on it for legal research purposes.
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.