STATE v. LEWIS
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NOTICE: THIS DECISION DOES NOT CREATE LEGAL PRECEDENT AND MAY NOT BE CITED EXCEPT AS AUTHORIZED BY APPLICABLE RULES. See Ariz. R. Supreme Court 111(c); ARCAP 28(c); Ariz. R. Crim. P. 31.24 IN THE COURT OF APPEALS STATE OF ARIZONA DIVISION ONE STATE OF ARIZONA, ) ) Appellee, ) ) v. ) ) STETSON ROY LEWIS, ) ) Appellant. ) ) __________________________________) DIVISION ONE FILED: 03/05/2013 RUTH A. WILLINGHAM, CLERK BY: sls No. 1 CA-CR 12-0146 DEPARTMENT C MEMORANDUM DECISION (Not for Publication Rule 111, Rules of the Arizona Supreme Court) Appeal from the Superior Court in Maricopa County Cause No. CR2011-114800-001 The Honorable Cari A. Harrison, Judge AFFIRMED Thomas C. Horne, Arizona Attorney General by Kent E. Cattani, Chief Counsel, Criminal Appeals/Capital Litigation Division Attorneys for Appellee Phoenix James J. Haas, Maricopa County Public Defender by Spencer D. Heffel, Deputy Public Defender Attorneys for Appellant Phoenix S W A N N, Judge ¶1 and Defendant Stetson Roy Lewis appeals his convictions sentences intimidating. for aggravated assault and threatening or This case comes to us as an appeal under Anders v. California, 386 U.S. 738 (1967), and State v. Leon, 104 Ariz. 297, 451 P.2d 878 (1969). Defendant s appellate counsel has searched the record on appeal and found no arguable nonfrivolous question of law, fundamental error. and asks us to review the record for See Anders, 386 U.S. 738; Smith v. Robbins, 528 U.S. 259 (2000); State v. Clark, 196 Ariz. 530, 2 P.3d 89 (App. 1999). Defendant has filed a supplemental brief in propria persona in which he raises several issues for appeal. ¶2 We have searched the record for fundamental error and considered the issues identified by Defendant. We find no fundamental error, and therefore affirm. FACTS AND PROCEDURAL HISTORY ¶3 In April 2011, Defendant was indicted for aggravated assault against 1203(A)(2) and victims R.M. and 13-1204(A)(2), S.L. and under for A.R.S. §§ 13- threatening or intimidating by word or conduct to cause physical injury to S.L. and the M. family, or to cause serious damage to their property, under A.R.S. § 13-1202(A)(1). three offenses were The indictment alleged that all dangerous, and, with respect to the threatening or intimidating charge, alleged that the offense was a felony under A.R.S. § 13-1202(B)(2) membership in a criminal street gang. because of Defendant s Defendant entered a not guilty plea at arraignment and the matter proceeded to a jury trial. 2 ¶4 At trial, following facts. S.L., and Phoenix, the state presented evidence of the On the afternoon of March 24, 2011, R.M., their three-year-old Arizona, and drinking alcohol. saw child went Defendant, who to a they bus stop believed in was Defendant approached the family and offered R.M. a toy car for the child. When R.M. declined the offer, Defendant became angry, pulled a knife from his pants pocket, pointed the blade at R.M., and stated that he was going to cut R.M. (according to R.M. s recollection) or the family (according to S.L. s recollection), causing both R.M. and S.L. to fear that they might be stabbed. R.M. stepped between Defendant and his family, S.L. took the child behind the bus stop to call for police assistance, and Defendant returned to his seat on the bus-stop bench responded to and the pocketed scene, the knife. observed that A police Defendant officer appeared intoxicated and agitated, and found an open knife in Defendant s pants pocket. Other law enforcement personnel testified that Defendant has a neck tattoo associated with the criminal street gang Diné Pride, and had previously proclaimed lifelong membership in that gang. ¶5 At the conclusion of the state s case-in-chief, Defendant moved for judgments of acquittal on the counts as to S.L. The motions were denied. 3 ¶6 For his defense, Defendant testified that he had been using his knife at the bus stop to remove a label from a bottle of vodka -- from which he had drunk a few swigs -- but had put the knife away when he saw R.M., S.L., and their child. He testified that he offered a toy car to the family and teased them when the offer was declined, but then returned to his seat on the bus-stop bench. According to Defendant, he confronted R.M. to put him in check only after he heard R.M. call him a derogatory name, and during that confrontation brandished or threatened to use his knife. he never Defendant testified that he had been a member of a prison gang years before but denied continuing his membership outside of prison. ¶7 After hearing closing arguments and considering the evidence, the jury found Defendant not guilty of aggravated assault against S.L., but guilty of aggravated assault against R.M., and guilty of threatening or intimidating. The jury further found that both of the offenses for which Defendant was found guilty were dangerous offenses, and that Defendant was a member of a criminal street gang. ¶8 court At the sentencing hearing, the state proved to the that Defendant had four prior felony convictions: a 1995 conviction for assault on a peace officer, a class 6 felony and non-dangerous offense; a 1998 conviction for aggravated DUI, a class 4 felony and non-dangerous offense; a 4 2001 conviction for aggravated DUI, a class 4 felony and nondangerous offense; and a 2004 conviction for aggravated robbery, a class 3 felony and non-dangerous offense. ¶9 The court entered judgment on the jury s verdicts and found that the state had shown aggravators . . . in terms of the dangerousness, use of the knife, [and] the additional prior felony convictions. The court sentenced Defendant to concurrent aggravated sentences of 12.5 years of imprisonment for the aggravated assault conviction and 5 years of imprisonment for the threatening or intimidating conviction, and credited Defendant with 341 days of presentence incarceration. ¶10 Defendant timely appeals. We have jurisdiction under A.R.S. §§ 12-120.21(A)(1), 13-4031, and 13-4033(A)(1). DISCUSSION ¶11 Defendant raises supplemental brief. I. several issues for review in his We address each in turn. INEFFECTIVE ASSISTANCE OF COUNSEL ¶12 Defendant first contends that his counsel failed to make necessary objections and refused and disregarded [to say] what [Defendant] arguments. needed This assistance of assistance of is counsel. counsel him to say . essentially We claims do on a . . at claim not direct the closing of ineffective consider ineffective appeal. State Spreitz, 202 Ariz. 1, 3, ¶ 9, 39 P.3d 525, 527 (2002). 5 v. Such claims must be raised in a petition for postconviction relief under Ariz. R. Crim. P. 32. II. Id. ADMISSION OF EVIDENCE OF PRISON GANG MEMBERSHIP ¶13 Defendant next contends that a mistrial was warranted because evidence that he had been in prison before and was a known prison gang member was improperly admitted during the state s case in chief. Defendant is correct that the state, in proving Defendant s gang membership, put forth evidence tending to show that Defendant was previously incarcerated. A sheriff s deputy testified on direct examination that he was a member of the jail jail intelligence inmates affiliations, and had unit, gathering interviewed was responsible information Defendant for about and interviewing their gang photographed his tattoos in June 2010, and had at that time obtained Defendant s self-proclamation of membership in the Diné Pride gang. Further, an investigator for the state department of corrections testified that Diné Pride is a gang of prison origins. ¶14 Defendant neither objected requested a mistrial at trial. to the evidence nor To the extent that the evidence tended to show that Defendant was previously incarcerated for past crimes or wrongful conduct, its admission was not an abuse of discretion (let alone fundamental error) under Ariz. R. Evid. 404(b). Rule 404(b) provides that evidence of other crimes, wrongs, or acts is not admissible to prove the character of a 6 person in order to show action in conformity therewith but may be admissible for other purposes. Here, the evidence was admissible for another purpose -- to prove a principal issue in the case: that Defendant was a criminal street gang member as defined in A.R.S. § 13-105(8), an element of felony threatening or intimidating under A.R.S. § 13-1202(B)(2). III. ¶15 SUFFICIENCY OF THE EVIDENCE Defendant finally contends that insufficient to support his convictions. the evidence was When reviewing the sufficiency of the evidence, we do not reweigh the evidence. State v. Guerra, 161 Ariz. 289, 293, 778 P.2d 1185, 1189 (1989). We view the evidence in the light most favorable to sustaining Defendant s convictions and resolve all reasonable inferences against him. Id. We conclude that the evidence was sufficient to support the convictions. ¶16 First, there was sufficient evidence to support Defendant s conviction for aggravated assault against R.M. A person commits aggravated assault under A.R.S. §§ 13-1203(A)(2) and 13-1204(A)(2) by intentionally placing another in reasonable apprehension of imminent physical injury while using a deadly weapon or dangerous instrument, such as a knife (see § 13-105(12) & (15)). A.R.S. R.M. and S.L. testified that Defendant pointed a knife at R.M. and threatened to use it on R.M. or the family, and R.M. testified that he feared he might be stabbed. 7 In these circumstances, R.M. s fear of imminent physical injury was reasonable. ¶17 The evidence concerning Defendant s display of the knife and his threats was also sufficient to support Defendant s conviction for threatening or intimidating. A person commits the offense of threatening or intimidating when he threatens or intimidates, by word or conduct, [t]o cause physical injury to another person or serious damage to the property of another. A.R.S. § 13-1202(A)(1). If the defendant is a criminal street gang, the offense is a felony. 1202(B)(2). Here, the evidence concerning member of a A.R.S. § 13- Defendant s neck tattoo and self-proclaimed criminal street gang membership was sufficient to support the felony conviction. See A.R.S. § 13- 105(9). ¶18 Defendant contends that the jury should have been presented with video evidence and a recording of S.L. s call to 911. But the convictions were sufficiently supported without such evidence. See State v. Stuard, 176 Ariz. 589, 603, 863 P.2d 881, 895 (1993) (substantial evidence may be either direct or circumstantial). Further, because nothing in the record shows that such evidence exists, there is no basis for Defendant to claim his rights were violated under Brady v. Maryland, 373 U.S. 83 (1963), and United States (1985). 8 v. Bagley, 473 U.S. 667 ¶19 had Defendant also contends that the witnesses lied and mismatching statements. This argument fails witness credibility was for the jury to assess. because State v. Cox, 217 Ariz. 353, 357, ¶ 27, 174 P.3d 265, 269 (2007). Moreover, R.M. and S.L. s testimonies were materially consistent. IV. REMAINING ISSUES ¶20 The trial. record reflects that Defendant received a fair Defendant was present and represented by counsel at all critical stages. The state s closing and rebuttal arguments were proper. The court ordered and considered a presentence report sentencing, before gave Defendant the opportunity to speak at the sentencing hearing, and stated on the record the evidence and materials it considered and the factors it found in imposing the sentence. ¶21 The sentences imposed were lawful. § 13-105(22)(a)(iv) and (22)(b), and Pursuant to A.R.S. A.R.S. § 13-703, the sentencing ranges were enhanced by Defendant s 1998, 2001, and 2004 convictions.1 Pursuant to A.R.S. § 13-701(D)(2) and State v. Bly, 127 Ariz. 370, 372-73, 621 P.2d 279, 281-82 (1980), the court properly imposed aggravated sentences based on Defendant s use of a deadly weapon or dangerous 1 instrument. The court Defendant s 1995 conviction did not qualify as a historical prior felony conviction under A.R.S. § 13-105(22), and therefore had no effect on the sentencing range enhancement. 9 correctly calculated Defendant s presentence incarceration credit. CONCLUSION ¶22 We have reviewed the record for fundamental error and find none. See Leon, 104 Ariz. at 300, 451 P.2d at 881. Accordingly, we affirm Defendant s convictions and sentences. ¶23 Defense counsel s appeal have come to an end. obligations pertaining to this See State v. Shattuck, 140 Ariz. 582, 584-85, 684 P.2d 154, 156-57 (1984). Unless, upon review, counsel discovers an issue appropriate for petition for review to the Arizona Supreme Court, counsel must only inform Defendant of the status of this appeal and his future options. Id. Defendant has 30 days from the date of this decision to file a petition for 31.19(a). review in propria persona. Ariz. R. Crim. P. Upon the court s own motion, Defendant has 30 days from the date of this decision in which to file a motion for reconsideration. /s/ ___________________________________ PETER B. SWANN, Judge CONCURRING: /s/ ____________________________________ PHILIP HALL, Presiding Judge /s/ ____________________________________ SAMUEL A. THUMMA, Judge 10
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