Justia.com Opinion Summary: Appellant Raleigh Striker filed a pro se complaint in the court of appeals for a writ of mandamus to compel a clerk of the municipal court to provide access to requested court records. After the complaint was filed the clerk provided Striker with three of the four requested records. Striker then secured counsel and filed a motion for an award of statutory damages and attorneys fees. The court of appeals denied the writ, finding the claim was moot as Striker admitted the clerk had provided three of the four requested records and the evidence showed the parties agreed the fourth item was not a public record. Striker appealed. The Supreme Court affirmed, holding (1) that although there was a dispute as to whether the parties agreed the fourth record existed, Striker obtained a copy of the record by the time the mandamus complaint was filed, thus rendering his claim moot; and (2) because Striker's public-records mandamus claims lacked merit, the court of appeals did not err in denying his request for statutory damages and attorneys fees.
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[Until this opinion appears in the Ohio Official Reports advance sheets, it may be cited as
State ex rel. Striker v. Smith, Slip Opinion No. 2011-Ohio-2878.]
NOTICE
This slip opinion is subject to formal revision before it is published in
an advance sheet of the Ohio Official Reports. Readers are requested
to promptly notify the Reporter of Decisions, Supreme Court of Ohio,
65 South Front Street, Columbus, Ohio 43215, of any typographical or
other formal errors in the opinion, in order that corrections may be
made before the opinion is published.
SLIP OPINION NO. 2011-OHIO-2878
THE STATE EX REL. STRIKER, APPELLANT, v.
SMITH, CLERK, APPELLEE.
[Until this opinion appears in the Ohio Official Reports advance sheets, it
may be cited as State ex rel. Striker v. Smith,
Slip Opinion No. 2011-Ohio-2878.]
Public records — R.C. 149.43 — Records in possession of a judge.
(No. 2010-0433 — Submitted May 10, 2011 — Decided June 21, 2011.)
APPEAL from the Court of Appeals for Richland County,
No. 2008-CA-0336, 2010-Ohio-457.
__________________
Per Curiam.
{¶ 1} This is an appeal from a judgment entered by the court of appeals
denying a writ of mandamus to compel a municipal court clerk to provide access
to certain court records and denying a request for attorney fees and statutory
damages. Because the court of appeals did not err in so holding, we affirm the
judgment of the court of appeals.
SUPREME COURT OF OHIO
Facts
{¶ 2} On December 4, 2008, appellant, Raleigh M. Striker, went to the
office of appellee, Daniel F. Smith, the clerk of the Mansfield Municipal Court.
Striker orally requested access to records filed with the clerk in Calhoun,
Kademenos & Childress Co., L.P.A. v. Shepherd, Mansfield M.C. case No. 2006
CVH-3913. The clerk advised Striker that the clerk’s case file for the Shepherd
case was in the custody of Judge Jeff Payton and that the records in the file would
not be accessible to the public until the case file, which had been in the possession
of Judge Payton since February 2008, was returned to the clerk’s office.
{¶ 3} Striker then requested that the Mansfield law director, as the
clerk’s counsel, provide access to the records, but he was informed that his
request could not be satisfied for the reason expressed by the clerk.
{¶ 4} On December 29, 2008, Striker presented a written request to the
clerk for “copies of Mansfield Municipal Court Civil Docket case number for the
dates of:
12/20/2006 remand
1/02/07 remand SC
1/31/07 memorandum
4/30/07 je
{¶ 5} The request corresponded to the following notations on the clerk’s
docket for the Shepherd case:
{¶ 6} “12/20/2006 Case to Judge Payton for remand
{¶ 7} “01/02/2007 Case remand to Mag. Teffner SC 1-29-07 1:20 pm
{¶ 8} “* * *
{¶ 9} “01/31/2007 Pl Combined Memorandum in Opposition to Def
Motion to Amend Counterclaim and Motion for Summary Judgment Filed
1/31/07 To Mag
{¶ 10} “* * *
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January Term, 2011
{¶ 11} “04/30/2007 Unsigned entry/file ret’d to LW, Judge needs changes
to the entry, LW w/b made aware of wording needed.”
{¶ 12} The clerk again advised Striker that these documents could not be
made available to him because the case file was in the custody of Judge Payton
and would not be available to him or the public until it was returned to the clerk’s
office.
The clerk made the following notation on Striker’s written request:
“Waiting on Judge Payton, Dan Smith, 12-29-08.” The clerk did not ask Striker
to leave a copy of his written request with the clerk’s office, and Striker left the
office with his request. The case file was returned to the clerk’s office late that
afternoon.
{¶ 13} The next day, December 30, 2008, Striker filed a pro se complaint
in the Court of Appeals for Richland County for a writ of mandamus to compel
the clerk to provide access to the requested court records in Shepherd and to
award statutory damages and expenses. Attached to Striker’s complaint was a
copy of a January 1, 2007 entry in Shepherd in which Judge Payton noted that the
case had come before him on December 20, 2006, and ordered that the case be
remanded to the court magistrate.
{¶ 14} On January 20, 2009, the clerk provided copies of three of the four
requested court records from the Shepherd case to Striker. These were the only
existing records that satisfied Striker’s records request.
Striker subsequently
secured counsel, and the parties filed an agreed statement of facts and briefs.
Striker also filed a motion for an award of statutory damages and attorney fees.
{¶ 15} In February 2010, the court of appeals denied the writ of
mandamus1 to compel the clerk to provide the requested court records to Striker
because the claim was moot insofar as Striker admitted that the clerk had
1
The court of appeals also granted a writ of mandamus to compel the clerk to post a copy of his
office’s public-records policy in the clerk’s office, but this appeal does not concern that portion of
the court’s judgment.
3
SUPREME COURT OF OHIO
provided three of the four requested records and “the parties agree the fourth item
was not a public record.” 2010-Ohio-457, ¶ 4. The court of appeals also denied
Striker’s request for statutory damages and attorney fees.
{¶ 16} This cause is now before the court upon Striker’s appeal as of
right.
Legal Analysis
Mandamus
{¶ 17} “Mandamus is the appropriate remedy to compel compliance with
R.C. 149.43, Ohio’s Public Records Act.” State ex rel. Physicians Commt. for
Responsible Medicine v. Ohio State Univ. Bd. of Trustees, 108 Ohio St.3d 288,
2006-Ohio-903, 843 N.E.2d 174, ¶ 6; R.C. 149.43(C)(1). Court records are
generally public records subject to disclosure under the Public Records Act. See
State ex rel. Cincinnati Enquirer v. Winkler, 101 Ohio St.3d 382, 2004-Ohio1581, 805 N.E.2d 1094, ¶ 5 (“court records fall within the broad definition of a
‘public record’ in R.C. 149.43(A)(1)”); State ex rel. WBNS TV, Inc. v. Dues, 101
Ohio St.3d 406, 2004-Ohio-1497, 805 N.E.2d 1116, ¶ 27 (“any record used by a
court to render a decision is a record subject to R.C. 149.43”).2 There is no
dispute here that the Shepherd case records requested by Striker constituted public
records, which are generally subject to disclosure under R.C. 149.43.
2
{¶ a} Sup.R. 45(A) provides that “[c]ourt records are presumed open to public access.” Sup.R.
47(A)(1) states: “The provisions of Sup.R. 44 through 47 requiring redaction or omission of
information in case documents or restricting public access to case documents shall apply only to
case documents in actions commenced on or after the effective date of this rule. Access to case
documents in actions commenced prior to the effective date of Sup.R. 44 through 47 shall be
governed by federal and state law.”
{¶ b} This case, which challenges the alleged refusal of a municipal court clerk to timely
provide copies of case documents, involves a 2008 request for records from a case that was
commenced in 2006. Sup.R. 44 through 47 became effective on July 1, 2009. Therefore, under
Sup.R. 47(A)(1), the court’s public-access superintendence rules are inapplicable to Striker’s
records request.
4
January Term, 2011
{¶ 18} The court of appeals denied Striker’s request for a writ of
mandamus to compel the clerk to provide access to the requested records. The
court of appeals correctly ruled that for three of the four court records from the
Shepherd case requested by Striker, the clerk’s provision of them to Striker
rendered that portion of his mandamus claim moot. “In general, providing the
requested records to the relator in a public-records mandamus case renders the
mandamus claim moot.” State ex rel. Toledo Blade Co. v. Toledo-Lucas Cty. Port
Auth., 121 Ohio St.3d 537, 2009-Ohio-1767, 905 N.E.2d 1221, ¶ 14.
{¶ 19} For the remaining requested court record, Striker argues and the
clerk concedes that the court of appeals erred in stating in its opinion that the
parties agreed that the record corresponding to the “12/20/2006 remand” notation
did not exist; there was no such agreement.
{¶ 20} Striker claims that the clerk’s assertion that the requested record
does not exist is false because, after this appeal was filed, he discovered a copy of
Judge Payton’s journal entry date-stamped “January 1, 2007,” which refers to a
December 20, 2006 date, remanding the case to a court magistrate. But this
journal entry was attached to Striker’s mandamus complaint, which he filed in the
court of appeals, so he already had obtained a copy of it, thus rendering his claim
moot. Toledo Blade Co. at ¶ 14.
{¶ 21} And the clerk introduced evidence that there was no December 20,
2006 remand order.
The clerk had “no duty to create or provide access to
nonexistent records.” State ex rel. Lanham v. Smith, 112 Ohio St.3d 527, 2007Ohio-609, 861 N.E.2d 530, ¶ 15. In fact, the remand order stamped “January 1,
2007” appears to correspond to Striker’s second requested Shepherd record, i.e., a
“1/02/07 remand,” because it is doubtful that the clerk’s office was open for filing
entries on January 1; the parties agreed in the proceeding below, however, that the
clerk had provided the record relating to that request.
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SUPREME COURT OF OHIO
{¶ 22} Therefore, the court of appeals did not err in denying Striker’s
public-records mandamus claim.
Statutory Damages and Attorney Fees
{¶ 23} Striker argues that notwithstanding the clerk’s provision of three of
the four Shepherd records following his initiation of the mandamus action, the
court of appeals erred in denying his request for statutory damages and attorney
fees regarding his moot claim. Striker claims that the clerk failed to comply with
the R.C. 149.43(B)(1) requirement that copies of requested public records be
made available “within a reasonable period of time.”
{¶ 24} At both times that Striker requested the public records, however,
the clerk did not have possession of them. Instead, the judge had possession of
the requested records. The clerk did not have any duty to provide Striker with
copies of records that he did not possess. See State ex rel. Vitoratos v. Gross
(1970), 24 Ohio St.2d 22, 23, 53 O.O.2d 12, 262 N.E.2d 864; State ex rel. Bradley
v. Shannon (1970), 24 Ohio St.2d 115, 116, 53 O.O.2d 307, 265 N.E.2d 260
(“There can be no clear legal duty on one to furnish records which are not in his
possession or control”); State ex rel. Marshall v. Fuerst (Feb. 20, 1997),
Cuyahoga App. No. 78609, 1997 WL 72134.
{¶ 25} Based on the foregoing, because Striker’s public-records
mandamus claims lacked merit, the court of appeals did not err in denying his
request for statutory damages and attorney fees. See State ex rel. Mahajan v.
State Med. Bd. of Ohio, 127 Ohio St.3d 497, 2010-Ohio-5995, 940 N.E.2d 1280, ¶
64 (denying request for statutory damages and attorney fees for reasons including
that most of the public-records claims lacked merit).
Conclusion
{¶ 26} The court of appeals did not err in denying Striker’s public-records
mandamus claim for access to the requested court records or in denying his
6
January Term, 2011
request for statutory damages and attorney fees.
Therefore, we affirm the
judgment of the court of appeals.
Judgment affirmed.
O’CONNOR, C.J., and PFEIFER, LUNDBERG STRATTON, O’DONNELL,
LANZINGER, CUPP, and MCGEE BROWN, JJ., concur.
__________________
Lori A. McGinnis, for appellant.
David L. Remy, Mansfield Law Director, for appellee.
______________________
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