State v. Cordova

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This memorandum opinion was not selected for publication in the New Mexico Appellate Reports. Please see Rule 12-405 NMRA for restrictions on the citation of unpublished memorandum opinions. Please also note that this electronic memorandum opinion may contain computer-generated errors or other deviations from the official paper version filed by the Court of Appeals and does not include the filing date. 1 IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF THE STATE OF NEW MEXICO 2 STATE OF NEW MEXICO, 3 Plaintiff-Appellee, 4 v. No. 35,262 5 JOHN CORDOVA, 6 Defendant-Appellant. 7 APPEAL FROM THE DISTRICT COURT OF BERNALILLO COUNTY 8 Alisa Ann Hadfield, District Judge 9 Hector H. Balderas, Attorney General 10 Santa Fe, NM 11 for Appellee 12 Bennett J. Baur, Chief Public Defender 13 Allison H. Jaramillo, Assistant Appellate Defender 14 Santa Fe, NM 15 for Appellant 16 17 SUTIN, Judge. MEMORANDUM OPINION 1 {1} Defendant has appealed his conviction for criminal damage to property (over 2 $1,000). We previously issued a notice of proposed summary disposition in which we 3 proposed to uphold the conviction. Defendant has filed a memorandum in opposition. 4 After due consideration, we remain unpersuaded. We therefore affirm. 5 {2} We previously set forth the pertinent background information and relevant 6 principles of law in the notice of proposed summary disposition. We will avoid undue 7 reiteration here and focus instead on the content of the memorandum in opposition. 8 {3} First, Defendant renews his argument that an estimate was improperly admitted 9 in evidence pursuant to the business records exception to the hearsay rule. See 10 generally Rule 11-803(6) NMRA. [MIO 3-5] He contends that the witness did not 11 testify that she had personal knowledge of the system used to generate the document. 12 [MIO 4] However, she was an employee who was clearly capable of testifying to the 13 manner of preparation and safekeeping. [RP 70] And insofar as the witness testified 14 that she herself wrote the estimate [RP 70], we fail to see how she could be said to 15 have lacked personal knowledge of the method of preparation. 16 {4} Defendant also continues to argue that the witness’s inability to recall 17 inspecting the vehicle, the erroneous description of the vehicle as a 2013 rather than 18 a 2011 model year, and the alleged involvement of other individuals with the 19 inspection process undermine the trustworthiness of the document to such an extent 2 1 that it should have been excluded. [MIO 4-5] However, the district court acted well 2 within its discretion in determining that these matters went to the weight, rather than 3 the admissibility, of the estimate. See generally Roark v. Farmers Group, Inc., 20074 NMCA-074, ¶ 20, 142 N.M. 59, 162 P.3d 896 (observing that a determination of a 5 document’s trustworthiness is discretionary with the district court). 6 {5} By his second issue, Defendant argues that the admission of the estimate 7 violated his right to confrontation. [MIO 5-7] As we previously observed in our notice 8 of proposed summary disposition, insofar as the individual who prepared the estimate 9 testified at trial and was subject to cross-examination, Defendant’s right to 10 confrontation was satisfied. See State v. Altgilbers, 1989-NMCA-106, ¶ 18, 109 N.M. 11 453, 786 P.2d 680 (“Ordinarily, when the declarant is subject to effective cross12 examination under oath about the extra-judicial statement, the Confrontation Clause 13 is satisfied.”). We understand Defendant to continue to contend that the contents of 14 the estimate were generated by other individuals [MIO 6-7] and that the witness’s lack 15 of personal knowledge rendered her an inadequate substitute for the other individuals’ 16 personal appearance in court. However, in light of the witness’s testimony that she 17 inspected the vehicle and prepared the estimate herself [RP 70], the district court was 18 not required to credit Defendant’s assertions that others were involved or that the 19 witness lacked personal knowledge. See generally Rule 11-104(A) NMRA (“The 3 1 court must decide any preliminary question about whether a witness is qualified . . . 2 or evidence is admissible.”); Baum v. Orosco, 1987-NMCA-102, ¶¶ 18-19, 106 N.M. 3 265, 742 P.2d 1 (observing that preliminary questions concerning the qualifications 4 of witnesses to testify rest within the sound discretion of the district court and it is the 5 role of the district court to resolve any conflict). We therefore reject Defendant’s 6 assertion of error. 7 {6} Finally, Defendant renews his challenge to the sufficiency of the evidence, 8 specifically with respect to the valuation of the damage. [MIO 8-11] As we previously 9 observed in our notice, the estimate reflected a cost of repair in excess of $1,000. 10 Defendant suggests that this might have been inflated, particularly to the extent that 11 the estimate entailed “blending” the repair work with undamaged portions of the 12 vehicle. [MIO 2, 9] However, the fact-finder was at liberty to view the estimate and 13 associated testimonial evidence as a fair and appropriate valuation of the actual cost 14 of achieving satisfactory repair. See generally State v. Armijo, 2005-NMCA-010, ¶ 4, 15 136 N.M. 723, 104 P.3d 1114 (“[I]t is for the fact-finder to evaluate the weight of the 16 evidence, to assess the credibility of the various witnesses, and to resolve any conflicts 17 in the evidence; we will not substitute our judgment as to such matters.”). We 18 similarly reject Defendant’s suggestion that the State should have been required to 19 affirmatively demonstrate that the cost of repair did not exceed the value of the 4 1 vehicle; given the late model year and testimony that it was in good condition [MIO 2 10], the jury could reasonably infer that the replacement cost would have been greater 3 than the $1,076.03 cost of repair. See State v. Fernandez, 2015-NMCA-091, ¶ 9, 355 4 P.3d 858 (observing that, while replacement cost is part of the prosecution’s burden, 5 “[i]n some cases, . . . the facts may clearly establish that the replacement cost would 6 exceed the cost of repair and no additional evidence or testimony may be required”); 7 State v. Barrerras, 2007-NMCA-067, ¶ 9, 141 N.M. 653, 159 P.3d 1138 (permitting 8 the jury to infer that the replacement cost of a one-year-old vehicle in good condition 9 would be greater than the cost of repair). We therefore reject Defendant’s final 10 assertion of error. 11 {7} Accordingly, for the reasons stated in our notice of proposed summary 12 disposition and in this Opinion, we affirm. 13 {8} IT IS SO ORDERED. 14 15 __________________________________ JONATHAN B. SUTIN, Judge 16 WE CONCUR: 17 _______________________________ 18 TIMOTHY L. GARCIA, Judge 5 1 _______________________________ 2 J. MILES HANISEE, Judge 6

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