Jimmy D. Hodge v. Mississippi Employment Security Commission
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IN THE SUPREME COURT OF MISSISSIPPI
NO. 1999-CC-00937-SCT
JIMMY D. HODGE
v.
MISSISSIPPI EMPLOYMENT SECURITY COMMISSION AND PEACOCK & PEACOCK,
INC.
DATE OF JUDGMENT:
TRIAL JUDGE:
COURT FROM WHICH APPEALED:
ATTORNEY FOR APPELLANT:
ATTORNEYS FOR APPELLEES:
NATURE OF THE CASE:
DISPOSITION:
MOTION FOR REHEARING FILED:
MANDATE ISSUED:
04/26/1999
HON. ROBERT G. EVANS
SMITH COUNTY CIRCUIT COURT
PRO SE
ALBERT B. WHITE
JOHN WESLEY GARRETT, JR.
CIVIL - STATE BOARDS AND AGENCIES
AFFIRMED- 04/13/2000
5/4/2000
BEFORE PITTMAN, P.J., McRAE AND SMITH, JJ.
SMITH, JUSTICE, FOR THE COURT:
¶1. This case comes to this Court on appeal of Jimmy D. Hodge from the judgment of the Circuit Court of
Smith County, affirming the decision of the Mississippi Employment Security Commission (MESC), which
found that claimant Hodge did not qualify for unemployment benefits. After careful review, we conclude that
substantial evidence supports the MESC finding that Hodge voluntarily left his employment, and, therefore,
we affirm the circuit court.
STATEMENT OF FACTS
¶2. Jimmy D. Hodge ("Hodge") was employed by Peacock and Peacock Inc. of Mendenhall, Mississippi,
for five years as a survey assistant. His last day of employment was September 23, 1998. On that date, it is
alleged that Hodge voluntarily left available work after being told by his supervisor Stanley Peacock
("Peacock") that work was ready and available. Peacock asserts that he informed Hodge that if Hodge
walked off the job, he would consider that Hodge had quit and that Hodge replied,"well whatever you
want."
¶3. In contrast, Hodge asserts that when he left the work site on the 23rd of September, he was going on
break because it was the end of his shift. According to Hodge, he had worked 23 days, and it was time for
a break, so he left. Hodge understood he would be on break from September 23rd until October 20th at
which time he would go to Texas for another job assignment. Peacock states, however, that there was not a
set number of days that an employee worked before being given a break and that, nevertheless, there were
approximately seven days of work remaining at the work site.
¶4. After Hodge did not hear back from Peacock, he filed for unemployment compensation benefits which
were denied by the MESC claims examiner based on the foregoing information. Hodge appealed this
decision, and a hearing was held before the MESC appeals referee on February 1, 1999. The appeals
referee affirmed the decision of the claims examiner on February 3, 1999. The MESC Board of Review
affirmed and adopted the referee's finding of fact and opinion on February 18, 1999. Hodge then appealed
to the Circuit Court of Smith County. The circuit court affirmed the decision of the Board of Review on
April 26, 1999. Hodge, aggrieved by the circuit court's judgment, appeals to this Court and assigns the
following issue as error:
STATEMENT OF THE ISSUE
WHETHER THE CIRCUIT COURT ERRED IN FINDING THAT THE BOARD OF
REVIEW'S DECISION WAS SUPPORTED BY SUBSTANTIAL EVIDENCE AND DID
PROPERLY APPLY THE LAW TO THE FACTS.
STANDARD OF REVIEW
¶5. Miss. Code Ann. § 71-5-531 (Supp. 1999) governs the standard of review for appealing a Mississippi
Employment Security Commission Board of Review decision to the circuit court and the Mississippi
Supreme Court. This Court's judicial review is limited to questions of law as provided in § 71-5-531, which
states in pertinent part:
In any judicial proceedings under this section, the findings of the board of review as to the facts, if
supported by evidence and in the absence of fraud, shall be conclusive, and the jurisdiction of said
court shall be confined to questions of law. . . .
DISCUSSION OF THE LAW
WHETHER THE CIRCUIT COURT'S ORDER FINDING THAT THE BOARD OF
REVIEW'S DECISION WAS SUPPORTED BY SUBSTANTIAL EVIDENCE AND DID
PROPERLY APPLY THE LAW TO THE FACTS.
¶6. The dispute in this case centers on whether these particular facts support a finding that Hodge had good
cause for voluntarily leaving his employment. The MESC appeals referee and board of review specifically
found that Hodge was not entitled to receive unemployment benefits because he did not have good cause to
leave his job voluntarily. Miss. Code Ann. § 71-5-513A(1)(a) (Supp. 1999) denies unemployment benefits
to an employee who voluntarily leaves work without good cause. It further states that "[t]he burden of proof
of good cause for leaving work shall be on the claimant...." Id. § 71-5-513A(1)(c).
¶7. The following paragraph constituted the opinion of the Board:
It is the opinion of the referee that the claimant voluntarily left his employment, indicating that it was
time for a break. The testimony is clear, that there was no designated time for an entire crew to break
and leave the job. Referee has also the opinion that claimant was aware that continuing work was
available and that he was needed, however, claimant chose to leave this employment constituting a
voluntary leave without good cause. The claims examiner's decision is in order.
The circuit court, after hearing and considering the case, including the letters filed by Hodge, affirmed this
decision.
¶8. The testimony in the record shows that Peacock advised Hodge that he had more work for him and that
if he left he would leave him short of help and he would assume Hodge was quitting. Hodge explains he did
not return to work at the job site because he believed he was on break.
¶9. Great deference is accorded an administrative agency's findings and decisions. Young v. Mississippi
Employment Sec. Comm'n, No. 1998-SA-01318-SCT, 1999 WL 1042923, at *2 (Miss. Nov. 18,
1999); The Trading Post, Inc. v. Nunnery, 731 So. 2d 1198, 1200 (Miss. 1999). On appeal, an
employee challenging the Board's decision has the burden of overcoming a rebuttable presumption in favor
of the Board's decision. Id. Hodge's testimony did not overcome this presumption. This Court has held on
numerous occasions that the question of whether an employee voluntarily quit or was discharged is a
question of fact for the MESC to determine. Huckabee v. Mississippi Employment Sec. Comm'n, 735
So. 2d 390, 394 (Miss. 1999). Accordingly, in the case sub judice, this Court is bound by the Board's
finding of fact that Hodge voluntarily quit his employment without good cause as long as such finding is
supported by substantial evidence. Id.
¶10. The eligibility and disqualification provisions set out in the Mississippi Employment Security Law
clearly indicate that this law is for the protection of persons who are part of the force of working employees
who are ready, willing and able to perform their work, but who, through no fault of their own, are not
permitted to do so, and the law is not to be used to reward those who, for reasons of their own, refuse to
work at suitable employment. Mississippi Employment Sec. Comm'n v. Fortenberry, 193 So. 2d 142,
144 (Miss. 1966). See also Miss. Code Ann. § 71-5-3 (1995).
CONCLUSION
¶11. After careful review of the record and testimony, we find that substantial evidence supports the
Board's determination that Hodge voluntarily left his employment without good cause. Unemployment
compensation benefits were not designed to assist claimants such as Hodge. Accordingly, this Court affirms
the judgment of the Smith County Circuit Court.
¶12. AFFIRMED.
PRATHER, C.J., PITTMAN AND BANKS, P.JJ., McRAE, MILLS, WALLER, COBB
AND DIAZ, JJ., CONCUR.
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