George G. Morris v. State of Mississippi
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IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF THE STATE OF MISSISSIPPI
NO. 2008-CA-01361-COA
GEORGE G. MORRIS
APPELLANT
v.
STATE OF MISSISSIPPI
DATE OF JUDGMENT:
TRIAL JUDGE:
COURT FROM WHICH APPEALED:
ATTORNEY FOR APPELLANT:
ATTORNEY FOR APPELLEE:
NATURE OF THE CASE:
TRIAL COURT DISPOSITION:
DISPOSITION:
MOTION FOR REHEARING FILED:
MANDATE ISSUED:
APPELLEE
12/14/2007
HON. TOMIE T. GREEN
HINDS COUNTY CIRCUIT COURT
JOSEPH PATRICK FRASCOGNA
OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL
BY: W. GLENN WATTS
CIVIL - POST-CONVICTION RELIEF
MOTION FOR POST-CONVICTION RELIEF
DENIED
AFFIRMED - 02/23/2010
BEFORE MYERS, P.J., GRIFFIS AND CARLTON, JJ.
CARLTON, J., FOR THE COURT:
¶1.
This case comes before this Court on appeal from the Hinds County Circuit Court’s
denial of George G. Morris’s motion for post-conviction relief. Aggrieved with the circuit
court’s judgment, Morris appeals, raising the issue of whether the circuit court erred in not
finding that Morris was denied effective assistance of counsel. Morris asserts that the circuit
court erred in not allowing him to present relevant and material evidence at his sentencing
hearing, and also erred in finding that Morris’s guilty pleas were freely and voluntarily given.
Finding no error, we affirm.
FACTS
¶2.
On October 14, 2004, a grand jury in Hinds County indicted Morris on thirteen counts
of gratification of lust and sexual battery in violation of Mississippi Code Annotated sections
97-5-23(2) (Rev. 2006) and 97-3-95(2) (Rev. 2006), respectively. Morris pled guilty on
September 12, 2005, in the Hinds County Circuit Court to Count II gratification of lust and
Count IV sexual battery, with Counts I, III, and V through XIII remanded to the files.
¶3.
On September 26, 2005, Morris was sentenced to serve a term of ten years in the
custody of the Mississippi Department of Corrections (MDOC): ten years on Count II and
twenty years, with ten years suspended, on Count IV. Morris subsequently filed a motion
for post-conviction relief on May 7, 2007, and his motion was denied on December 13, 2007.
This appeal followed.
STANDARD OF REVIEW
¶4.
This Court will not disturb a circuit court’s decision to deny a motion for post-
conviction relief unless the circuit court’s findings are clearly erroneous. Boyd v. State, 926
So. 2d 233, 234 (¶2) (Miss. Ct. App. 2005). However, we review questions of law de novo.
Id.
DISCUSSION
Ineffective Assistance of Counsel
¶5.
Morris argues that he was denied effective assistance of counsel at his sentencing
hearing. Specifically, Morris claims that his counsel was ineffective in presenting evidence
on his behalf. Morris also claims that his counsel failed to object when the circuit court
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denied Morris the right to call two witnesses who were present at the sentencing hearing.
Morris alleges that his counsel also misinformed and misled him and others about the length
of the total sentence Morris would receive if he pled guilty.
¶6.
An inmate asserting a claim of ineffective assistance of counsel is required to “allege
with specificity and detail” the facts that show: (1) the attorney’s performance was deficient
and (2) that the inmate suffered prejudice caused as a result of the deficient performance.
Kinney v. State, 737 So. 2d 1038, 1041 (¶8) (Miss. Ct. App. 1999) (citing Cole v. State, 666
So. 2d 767, 777 (Miss. 1995)); see also Strickland v. Washington, 466 U.S. 668, 687-96
(1984). The two-prong test set forth in Strickland to determine whether the defendant has
received ineffective assistance of counsel applies to challenges to guilty pleas as well.
Kinney, 737 So. 2d at 1041 (¶8) (quoting Hill v. Lockhart, 474 U.S. 52, 58 (1985)). If the
petitioner pled guilty on the advice of his trial counsel, he must prove that his trial counsel
committed “unprofessional errors of substantial gravity,” without which he would not have
pled guilty. Cole v. State, 918 So. 2d 890, 894 (¶10) (Miss. Ct. App. 2006). Furthermore,
“[t]here is a strong but rebuttable presumption that counsel’s conduct fell within the wide
range of reasonable professional assistance.” Kinney, 737 So. 2d at 1041 (¶8) (citing Moody
v. State, 644 So. 2d 451, 456 (Miss. 1994)). Additionally, we presume that counsel’s
decisions are strategic. Leatherwood v. State, 473 So. 2d 964, 969 (Miss. 1985) (citing
Murray v. Maggio, 736 F.2d 279, 282 (5th Cir. 1984)).
A.
¶7.
Presentation of Relevant and Material Evidence at
Sentencing
Morris asserts that his counsel erred by not objecting when the circuit court did not
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allow Morris to present two additional witnesses on his behalf during his sentencing, which
he claims is a violation of his constitutional rights. Morris states that four witnesses were
present and ready to testify on his behalf at his sentencing, and the trial court did not allow
two of these witnesses, his son and his minister, to testify.
¶8.
Morris cites Skipper v. South Carolina, 476 U.S. 1, 4 (1986), asserting that exclusion
of testimony in the sentencing phase denies him of his right to have a compulsory process
for obtaining witnesses in his favor. Morris claims that the circuit court’s refusal to let his
son and minister testify falls within the scope of the plain-error rule. Morris points to Davis
v. State, 891 So. 2d 256, 259 (¶10) (Miss. Ct. App. 2004), where this Court stated that under
the plain-error rule, “nothing precludes a court from taking notice of plain errors affecting
the substantial rights of a defendant, even though they were not brought to the attention of
the trial court.”
The court, upon appeal, may invoke the plain-error rule if the party
convinces the court of the “substantial injustice that would occur if the rule were not invoked
. . . [o]therwise, a contemporaneous objection is required in order to preserve an error for
appellate review.” Id. (internal citations omitted).
¶9.
In the present case, during sentencing, the circuit court heard statements from Morris,
his daughter, and his sister-in-law. The court also heard statements from the victim and her
mother, both of whom requested that Morris receive the maximum sentence possible —
fifteen years for gratification of lust and thirty years for sexual battery. In addition, the court
read letters written on Morris’s behalf by friends, as well as a pre-sentence investigative
report prior to sentencing. However, Morris claims that by not also allowing his son and his
minister to speak on his behalf at the sentencing hearing, the judge unfairly limited the
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number of witnesses and testimony that Morris was allowed to present.
¶10.
Morris bears the burden of proof to show evidence of alleged ineffective assistance
of counsel. Leatherwood, 473 So. 2d at 968. After reviewing the record, we find no
evidence to suggest that two additional witnesses speaking on Morris’s behalf would have
changed the outcome of his sentencing hearing. Morris has not shown that his son or
minister would have offered any additional mitigating testimony that had not already been
offered by his daughter or sister-in-law. Further, we note that the circuit court sentenced
Morris to serve only ten years in the custody of the MDOC, as opposed to the maximum
sentence he could have received. As a result, we find that no substantial injustice occurred
by not allowing the testimony of Morris’s son and minister. Therefore, Morris failed to
satisfy the first prong of the Strickland test by failing to present evidence of his counsel’s
deficient performance.
¶11.
We further note that Morris failed to contemporaneously object to the circuit court’s
decision to hear from only two of his witnesses, in addition to Morris himself, at the
sentencing hearing. In Willie v. State, 585 So. 2d 660, 677 (Miss. 1991) (overruled on other
grounds), the Mississippi Supreme Court found no reversible error in limiting the number of
witnesses who testified at the sentencing phase of a trial. The supreme court held that by
failing to make a contemporaneous objection as to the number of witnesses allowed to testify,
the defendant himself, and not the judge, “did the actual limiting.” Id. Similarly, we find
Morris, and not the circuit court judge, responsible for limiting the number of witnesses
testifying at his sentencing hearing. As stated above, no evidence in the record suggests that
the testimony from these witnesses would provide additional mitigating evidence that would
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not have been cumulative or that the additional testimony would have led to a different
outcome in Morris’s sentencing hearing. Hence, Morris failed to show any evidence of
prejudice in the limitation of witnesses at his sentencing hearing; accordingly, Morris has
failed to satisfy the second prong of the Strickland test. This issue is without merit.
B.
¶12.
Acceptance of Guilty Pleas
Morris also argues that his guilty pleas were based on misrepresentations from his
counsel regarding the length of his total sentence. As a result, he alleges that his guilty pleas
were not freely and voluntarily given; thus, the circuit court erred by accepting his pleas.
Morris claims that he did not understand the effect of his pleas, nor did he understand the
possible sentence he might receive as a result of pleading guilty.
¶13.
“A guilty plea must be voluntarily, intelligently, and knowingly entered in order to
be binding upon a criminal defendant.” Owens v. State, 996 So. 2d 85, 94 (¶31) (Miss. Ct.
App. 2008). “A plea is deemed ‘voluntary and intelligent’ only where the defendant is
advised concerning the nature of the charge against him and the consequences of the plea.”
Alexander v. State, 605 So. 2d 1170, 1172 (Miss. 1992) (citing Wilson v. State, 577 So. 2d
394, 396-97 (Miss. 1991)). Specifically, a defendant must be advised of the maximum and
minimum sentences that may be imposed and “that a guilty plea involves a waiver of the
right to a trial by jury, the right to confront adverse witnesses, and the right to protection
against self incrimination.” Id. (citation omitted). The petitioner carries the burden of
proving that his plea was not voluntary, intelligently, and knowingly given. Owens, 996 So.
2d at 94 (¶31).
¶14.
In Mills v. State, 986 So. 2d 345, 347 (¶7) (Miss. Ct. App. 2008), Billy Mills, Jr.
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alleged ineffective assistance of counsel, claiming that his counsel promised him a
substantially lighter sentence than the one he had received. During the plea hearing, Mills
affirmed under oath that he understood he could receive the maximum sentence on each
count to which he pled guilty. Id. at 347-48 (¶9). This Court affirmed the circuit court’s
order dismissing Mills’s motion for post-conviction relief, holding that based on the plea
transcript, it was clear that prior to pleading guilty, Mills knew that the judge could sentence
him to the maximum sentence, despite what he might have been told to the contrary. Id. at
349 (¶10). Further, we noted that even if such a promise of a lighter sentence had been made,
the circuit court made it clear during the plea hearing that the court would not be bound by
the promise. Id. at 350 (¶14).
¶15. The record before us contains the transcript from Morris’s plea hearing. While under
oath, Morris stated that he understood that by taking an open plea, the court could sentence
him to the maximum term or sentence on each of the two counts against him. Morris also
testified that no one told him that the judge would be more lenient in sentencing him if he
pled guilty rather than proceeding to trial. This statement under oath contradicts his affidavit,
submitted herein in support of his motion for post-conviction relief, in which Morris alleges
that his attorney led him to believe that if he agreed to an open plea of guilty, he would more
than likely receive a total sentence of a year or less. A post-conviction-relief motion
supported by the affidavit of the accused alone fails to meet the pleading requirements of
Mississippi Code Annotated section 99-39-9 (Supp. 2009); therefore, it “is deficient on its
face and properly dismissed without an evidentiary hearing.” Edwards v. State, 995 So. 2d
824, 826-27 (¶11) (Miss. Ct. App. 2008). We note that Morris also provided affidavits from
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his sister, Deborah Morris-Kern, and brother-in-law, Glen Kern, who stated that Morris’s
counsel also separately explained to them by telephone that once Morris entered his guilty
plea, the circuit court would consider the one year Morris had already served in jail as
sufficient punishment and give Morris “time served,” thus allowing him to be released on the
day he was sentenced. However, any miscommunication or misunderstanding between
Morris’s sister, brother-in-law, and Morris’s attorney fails to impact the validity of Morris’s
pleas, since Morris himself testified under oath as to fully understanding his pleas and the
maximum and minimum sentences.
¶16.
Morris also argues that at his sentencing hearing, the circuit court did not verbally
state the maximum and minimum sentences for the charges against him. However, the record
reflects that in Morris’s petition to enter a plea of guilty, he acknowledged that his counsel
had informed him of the maximum and minimum punishment he could receive for his crimes.
We also note that Morris filled in the blanks in the plea petition with the maximum years that
he could be sentenced to for both gratification of lust and sexual battery and stated that there
was no minimum. In Dennis v. State, 873 So. 2d 1045, 1047-48 (¶¶6-7) (Miss. Ct. App.
2004), this Court held that a trial judge’s failure to verbally state the maximum and minimum
penalties during a plea hearing was harmless error where the plea petition stated the
maximum and minimum sentences for the offenses charged.
¶17.
In the present case, the circuit court stated in its order denying relief that:
The court finds that defendant, was competently represented by counsel, and
did willingly, intelligently, knowingly and voluntarily plead guilty to the
charges of gratification [of lust] and sexual battery, after being thoroughly
advised by the court on his waiver of constitutional rights. Defendant also
advised that he was satisfied with the representation provided by counsel.
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The record reflects that Morris acknowledged to the circuit court that he understood that by
pleading guilty, he was waiving his constitutional rights. Morris further admitted that he was
in fact guilty of the charges of sexual battery and gratification of lust. At his plea colloquy,
Morris also stated under oath that he had not been promised a more lenient sentence to either
charge should he plead guilty. Moreover, Morris affirmed under oath that he was satisfied
with his representation by his counsel.
¶18.
We find that Morris has failed to carry his burden of proof to show that his guilty
pleas were not voluntarily, intelligently, and knowingly given. This issue is, therefore,
without merit. We affirm the circuit court’s denial of Morris’s petition for post-conviction
relief.
¶19. THE JUDGMENT OF THE CIRCUIT COURT OF HINDS COUNTY
DENYING THE MOTION FOR POST-CONVICTION RELIEF IS AFFIRMED. ALL
COSTS OF THIS APPEAL ARE ASSESSED TO HINDS COUNTY.
KING, C.J., LEE AND MYERS, P.JJ., GRIFFIS, BARNES, ISHEE, ROBERTS
AND MAXWELL, JJ., CONCUR. IRVING, J., NOT PARTICIPATING.
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