Michael Kukor v. Northeast Tree Service, Inc.
Annotate this Case
Download PDF
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF THE STATE OF MISSISSIPPI
NO. 2007-WC-01783-COA
MICHAEL KUKOR
APPELLANT
v.
NORTHEAST TREE SERVICE, INC., LIBERTY
MUTUAL INSURANCE COMPANY, JAY'S
SERVICE COMPANY AND FIRST COMP
INSURANCE COMPANY
DATE OF JUDGMENT:
TRIAL JUDGE:
COURT FROM WHICH APPEALED:
ATTORNEY FOR APPELLANT:
ATTORNEYS FOR APPELLEES:
NATURE OF THE CASE:
TRIAL COURT DISPOSITION:
DISPOSITION:
APPELLEES
09/14/2007
HON. WILLIAM E. CHAPMAN III
MADISON COUNTY CIRCUIT COURT
JOHN HUNTER STEVENS
WILLIAM BIENVILLE SKIPPER
ROBERT J. ARNOLD
DONALD V. BURCH
ROBERT LEE GRANT
LINDSAY ERIN VARNADOE
CIVIL - WORKERS' COMPENSATION
ORDER OF MISSISSIPPI WORKERS'
COMPENSATION COMMISSION FINDING
NORTHEAST TREE SERVICE, INC., AND
LIBERTY MUTUAL INSURANCE
COMPANY LIABLE FOR APPELLANT'S
INJURIES AFFIRMED
REVERSED AND REMANDED TO THE
MISSISSIPPI WORKERS' COMPENSATION
COMMISSION - 10/21/2008
MOTION FOR REHEARING FILED:
MANDATE ISSUED:
EN BANC.
CHANDLER, J., FOR THE COURT:
¶1.
The Circuit Court of Madison County affirmed an order of the Workers'
Compensation Commission (Commission) finding Northeast Tree Service (Northeast) and
its insurance carrier liable for the payment of compensation to Michael Kukor. Kukor
appeals, contending that the circuit court should have reversed the Commission's decision
and reinstated the decision of the administrative law judge, which held that: (1) Northeast
and Jay's Service Company (Jay's), and their insurance carriers, were jointly and severally
liable for payment of compensation, and (2) Kukor was permanently and totally disabled.
¶2.
We find that Kukor's appeal from the Commission to the circuit court was
interlocutory because there was no final decision by the Commission. Therefore, we reverse
the judgment of the circuit court and remand this case to the Commission so that the
proceedings there may continue.
PROCEDURAL HISTORY
¶3.
We review the proceedings before the Commission relevant to the procedural stance
of this appeal. At a hearing before an administrative law judge, the following facts were
established. Kukor's work consisted of performing tree-trimming services and debris
removal. He sustained an admittedly compensable injury from his fall from a tree while
performing tree-trimming services. Kukor's supervisor was Jim Albritton, who owned both
Northeast and Jay's. Albritton testified that Northeast provided tree-trimming services, and
Jay's provided debris removal. The two companies had separate workers' compensation
insurers, with Northeast paying higher rates to insure the high-risk work of its tree climbers.
Kukor received paychecks from both companies, and the parties stipulated that his average
2
weekly wage was $72 with Northeast and $398.81 with Jay's.
¶4.
The administrative law judge had to determine the following issues: (1) whether
Northeast and Jay's should be considered alter egos and one employer for the purposes of
the workers' compensation laws; (2) whether the corporate veil should be pierced to make
that determination; (3) whether Kukor was in the course and scope of employment with Jay's
at the time of the injury; and (4) the existence and extent of any temporary or permanent
disability attributable to the injury. The administrative law judge found Kukor to be
permanently, totally disabled. The administrative law judge also found that because Kukor
really worked for one employer, Jay's and Northeast were jointly and severally liable for
Kukor's work-related injury.
¶5.
The Commission reversed and remanded. The Commission found that Jay's and
Northeast were separate employers and that, although Kukor was employed by both, he was
in the course and scope of his employment with Northeast at the time of his injury.
Therefore, only Northeast was liable for the payment of benefits. As to the extent of Kukor's
permanent disability, the Commission determined that Kukor was not totally disabled, but
he had sustained a seventy-five percent loss of wage-earning capacity. The Commission
found that Kukor's average weekly wage was determinable based solely on the job he was
performing for Northeast at the time of his injury. However, without further evidence, the
Commission was unable to determine Kukor's average weekly wage with Northeast.
Accordingly, the Commission remanded the case to the administrative law judge for "the
3
purpose of receiving evidence sufficient to determine the average weekly wage of a person
employed by Northeast in the same grade as Mr. Kukor, and fixing his benefits accordingly."
The Commission encouraged the parties to stipulate to Kukor's average weekly wage in lieu
of further proceedings before the administrative law judge.
¶6.
Kukor filed a notice of appeal to the circuit court. In the notice of appeal, Kukor
complained that no stipulation had been made and expressed his intent to appeal from
whatever portion of the Commission's order constituted a final agency decision. Kukor
"[r]ecogniz[ed] that the [Commission's] Order [wa]s not final as to the Defendant Northeast
Tree Service," but he asserted that the order was final as to the dismissal of Jay's. The circuit
court affirmed the Commission's order without addressing the finality issue. Kukor appealed
that adverse decision to the supreme court, which transferred his appeal to this Court.
LAW AND ANALYSIS
¶7.
"Generally administrative appeals can only be made from a final order." Cives Steel
Co. v. Williams, 903 So. 2d 678, 680 (¶9) (Miss. 2005). Mississippi Code Annotated section
71-3-51 (Rev. 2000) provides for appeals to the circuit court from "[t]he final award of the
[C]ommission." "Thus, where the [C]ommission, on review of a decision of its hearing
officer, enters an order remanding the case to the administrative judge for further
proceedings or testimony, the order is interlocutory only and is not appealable." Blankenship
v. Delta Pride Catfish, Inc., 676 So. 2d 914, 916-17 (Miss. 1996) (citation omitted). In
Blankenship, the supreme court determined that the Commission's order before the court was
4
final and appealable because the Commission had determined all the issues before it, and the
Commission had not remanded the case to the administrative law judge for any further
proceedings. Id. at 918.
¶8.
The Commission's order under review by the circuit court remanded the case to the
administrative law judge for a determination of Kukor's average weekly wage and a final
determination of benefits. Therefore, the order was interlocutory and not a final, appealable
order. Blankenship, 676 So. 2d at 916-17. The supreme court has held that "an interlocutory
order entered by the Workmen's Compensation Commission is not appealable." S. Natural
Res., Inc. v. Polk, 388 So. 2d 494, 495 (Miss. 1980). However, because a court has
jurisdiction to determine whether it has jurisdiction, the circuit court had the ability to
determine whether it could entertain Kukor's appeal. United States v. United Mine Workers
of America, 330 U.S. 258, 291 (1947). The circuit court's exercise of jurisdiction over
Kukor's appeal was an implicit finding pursuant to this limited jurisdiction. This Court is
now reviewing whether that exercise of jurisdiction was proper. It was not. In identical
procedural circumstances, the supreme court reversed the circuit court's judgment and
remanded the case to the Commission. See S. Natural Res., Inc., 388 So. 2d at 495.
Accordingly, we reverse the circuit court's erroneous exercise of jurisdiction over Kukor's
appeal and remand this case to the Commission for rendition of the proceedings that already
have been ordered by that agency.
¶9.
THE JUDGMENT OF THE CIRCUIT COURT OF MADISON COUNTY IS
REVERSED AND THIS CASE IS REMANDED TO THE MISSISSIPPI WORKERS'
5
COMPENSATION COMMISSION.
ASSESSED TO THE APPELLANT.
ALL COSTS OF THIS APPEAL ARE
KING, C.J., LEE AND MYERS, P.JJ., GRIFFIS, BARNES, ISHEE, ROBERTS
AND CARLTON, JJ., CONCUR. IRVING, J., NOT PARTICIPATING.
6
Some case metadata and case summaries were written with the help of AI, which can produce inaccuracies. You should read the full case before relying on it for legal research purposes.
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.