Albert Ray Harris v. State of Mississippi
Annotate this Case
Download PDF
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS
OF THE
STATE OF MISSISSIPPI
NO. 2001-CP-01458-COA
ALBERT RAY HARRIS, A/K/A JAMES RAY HARRIS
v.
STATE OF MISSISSIPPI
DATE OF TRIAL COURT
JUDGMENT:
TRIAL JUDGE:
COURT FROM WHICH APPEALED:
ATTORNEY FOR APPELLANT:
ATTORNEY FOR APPELLEE:
DISTRICT ATTORNEY:
NATURE OF THE CASE:
TRIAL COURT DISPOSITION:
APPELLANT
APPELLEE
10/23/2000
HON. THOMAS J. GARDNER III
PONTOTOC COUNTY CIRCUIT COURT
PRO SE
OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL
BY: JOHN R. HENRY JR.
JOHN RICHARD YOUNG
CIVIL - POST CONVICTION RELIEF
MOTION FOR POST-CONVICTION RELIEF DENIED;
REQUEST FOR UNTIMELY APPEAL FILED
DISMISSED - 09/17/2002
DISPOSITION:
MOTION FOR REHEARING FILED:
CERTIORARI FILED:
MANDATE ISSUED:
10/8/2002
BEFORE SOUTHWICK, P.J., LEE, AND MYERS, JJ.
SOUTHWICK, P.J., FOR THE COURT:
¶1. Albert Ray Harris pled guilty to one count of burglary of a dwelling and one count of grand larceny. Five
months later, Harris filed a motion for post-conviction relief that was denied by the circuit court. Harris did
not file a timely appeal. Harris now seeks permission for an out-of-time appeal from this Court. Finding that
we have no jurisdiction, we dismiss the motion.
STATEMENT OF FACTS
¶2. On April 10, 2000, Harris pled guilty to burglary and grand larceny in exchange for the State's
agreement to dismiss the habitual offender portion of the indictment against him. Harris was sentenced to
twenty-five years incarceration with five years of that sentence suspended.
¶3. On September 8, 2000, Harris filed a motion for post-conviction relief. Harris alleged that his counsel
rendered ineffective assistance by using deception to induce a guilty plea, by allowing his right against
double jeopardy to be violated, by allowing the trial court to impose an illegal sentence, and by acting more
"as the District Attorney rather than petitioner's counsel . . . ." The only documents offered in support were
the court record and Harris's affidavit stating that he believed that he was entitled to the relief requested.
Also filed by Harris was a petition to withdraw his guilty plea containing similar allegations.
¶4. On October 23, 2000, the circuit court dismissed both the motion for post-conviction relief and the
petition to withdraw his guilty plea. The circuit court stated that after reviewing the transcript of Harris's
guilty plea that the "motion and petition are totally lacking in merit and are not based on any facts justifying
any relief . . . ." Harris did not initially appeal from these orders.
¶5. At some point, Harris filed a petition for habeas corpus relief in the United States District Court for the
Northern District of Mississippi. According to a copy of a March 21, 2001 order and final judgment
provided by Harris on this appeal, that court dismissed Harris's petition, citing a failure to exhaust state
remedies. The court's opinion noted that Harris had filed a motion for post-conviction relief in state court;
the motion had been denied on October 23, 2000, and Harris had "done nothing further even though he has
the right to appeal to the Mississippi Supreme Court."
¶6. On September 10, 2001, Harris filed with the Mississippi Supreme Court an appeal of the circuit
court's October 2000 order and claimed that he had only recently learned of the judgment. No notice of
appeal was ever filed with the trial court. The matter was deflected here.
DISCUSSION
¶7. Harris claimed in his notice of appeal to have only "recently" learned that the circuit court dismissed his
motion for post-conviction relief and petition to withdraw his guilty plea. Harris asserted that he never
received a copy of the order from the circuit clerk's office. The rules of civil procedure state that "[i]
mmediately upon the entry of an order or judgment the clerk shall serve a notice of the entry in the manner
provided for in Rule 5. . . ." M.R.C.P. 77(d). Rule 5 allows service by mail. M.R.C.P. 5(b). However,
there is nothing in the abbreviated record before us that indicates whether the circuit clerk mailed Harris
notice of the entry of judgment.
¶8. Actions under our post-conviction relief statutes are civil in nature. Miss. Code Ann. § 99-39-7 (Supp.
2001). Even so, appeals of final judgments for post-conviction relief are governed by the same procedural
rules as apply to criminal matters. Miss. Code Ann. § 99-39-25(1) (Supp. 2001). An order of the circuit
court dismissing a motion for post-conviction relief "is a final judgment and shall be conclusive until
reversed." Miss. Code Ann. § 99-39-23(6) (Supp. 2001).
¶9. Prior to adoption of a rule that we will discuss below, the Supreme Court discussed the procedure for
allowing an out-of-time appeal in a post-conviction relief action. A circuit court allegedly did not send notice
to three prisoners of the denial of their motions. Williams v. State, 456 So. 2d 1042, 1042 (Miss. 1984).
The Supreme Court stated that it would be proper for the circuit court to determine whether prisoners'
failure timely to appeal was "through no fault of their own." Id. at 1043. It then remanded the suit to the trial
court to determine whether in fact the failure to file a timely appeal was due to lack of notice. Id. at 1044.
¶10. Thirteen years after Williams, the Supreme Court revised the appellate rules to establish explicit
parameters for the granting of out-of-time appeals. When a notice of appeal is not timely filed within thirty
days of judgment, a trial court may reopen the time for appeal if "a party entitled to receive notice of entry
of a judgment or order did not receive such notice . . . within 21 days of its entry" and if "no party would be
prejudiced . . . ." M.R.A.P. 4(h). A request to reopen is to be filed with the trial court "within 180 days of
entry of the judgment or order or within 7 days of receipt of such notice [of the entry of judgment],
whichever is earlier . . . ." Id. (emphasis supplied).
¶11. The circuit court's order was entered on October 25, 2000. The last date that a request for an out-oftime appeal may properly be filed under Rule 4(h) is 180 days after the judgment. If that option applied,
Harris had to file no later than April 23, 2001. Instead, he filed in September 2001.
¶12. Harris may have needed to file before that time. If more than a week before the 180 days had run,
Harris was given sufficient though tardy notice of the entry of judgment, then his request for an out-of-time
appeal had to have been filed within seven days after that. The federal court judgment of March 28, 2001,
explicitly informed him of the earlier dismissal of his state suit. Like our circuit court clerks, the clerk of the
federal court is under a duty immediately to serve notice of the entry of judgment. F.R.C.P. 77(d). Harris
certainly knew or should have known as of receipt of the federal judgment that relief in state court had been
denied in October 2000. How formal the late notice of entry of a judgment has to be is not stated in the
rule. See M.R.A.P. 4(h) cmt. (notice from the winning party or the court clerk would suffice). Regardless of
this question, Harris certainly did not file within 180 days of the original entry of judgment.
¶13. One remaining issue is whether Rule 4(h) is absolute or instead is subject to being waived by a court.
What creates this question is a comment to the rule that in "criminal cases, the Court may suspend this Rule
4 to permit out-of-time appeals," with a cite to the 1984 Williams decision as authority. M.R.A.P. 4(h)
cmt. An examination of the background of that comment reveals that it has existed since before the creation
of Rule 4(h) that imposed specific time requirements for late appeals. When new Rules of Appellate
Procedure became effective on January 1, 1995, the Court's right to "suspend" Rule 4 was in the
comments. See 644-647 So. 2d XXIII, XXX (West Miss. Cases 1995) (effective Jan. 1, 1995). Even
though that comment remains in the rule, it must be read in light of the strict time requirements adopted in
1997 by Rule 4(h). 689-692 So. 2d LXII, LXIV-V (West Miss. Cases 1997) (effective July 1, 1997).
Thus it may not be accurate to analyze these issues in terms of a court's right to "suspend" Rule 4's time
requirements. Instead, a judge may "reopen" the time for appeal if a timely request is made. A more precise
comment now elaborates on the Rule: a late appeal may be granted "only upon a motion filed within 180
days of the entry of judgment or within 7 days of receipt of notice of such entry, whichever is earlier."
M.R.A.P. 4(h) cmt. We find nothing that allows the suspension of those specific requirements.
¶14. We note that the almost identically-worded Federal Rule of Appellate Procedure 4(a)(6), while
applying only to civil cases, has been found to provide for an absolute 180-day limit:
The seven-day window for filing motions under Rule 4(a)(6) is opened only if and when a party
receives notice of the entry of the judgment or order he seeks to appeal. That notice must be received
"from the clerk or any party." In no case, however, may the window be opened more than 180 days
after the entry of the judgment.
Benavides v. Bureau of Prisons, 79 F.3d 1211, 1214 (D.C. Cir. 1996).
¶15. Therefore, we dismiss for Harris' failure to file a timely request for a late appeal.
¶16. THE APPELLANT'S REQUEST FOR PERMISSION TO FILE AN OUT-OF-TIME
APPEAL FROM THE CIRCUIT COURT OF PONTOTOC COUNTY IS DISMISSED. COSTS
OF THIS PROCEEDING ARE ASSESSED TO PONTOTOC COUNTY.
McMILLIN, C.J., KING, P.J., BRIDGES, THOMAS, LEE, IRVING, MYERS,
CHANDLER AND BRANTLEY, JJ., CONCUR.
Some case metadata and case summaries were written with the help of AI, which can produce inaccuracies. You should read the full case before relying on it for legal research purposes.
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.