DALLAS M BURTON JR V MICHAEL ELKINS
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STATE OF MICHIGAN
COURT OF APPEALS
DALLAS M. BURTON, JR.,
UNPUBLISHED
December 1, 2005
Plaintiff-Appellant,
v
No. 262438
Oakland Circuit Court
LC No. 2003-054646-CK
MICHAEL M. ELKINS, and ELKINS AND
ASSOCIATES,
Defendants-Appellees.
Before: Whitbeck, C.J., and Saad and O’Connell, JJ.
PER CURIAM.
I.
Plaintiff, Dallas Burton, Jr., appeals from the trial court’s grant of summary disposition to
defendants, Michael Elkins and Elkins and Associates.1 We reverse the trial court and remand
for further proceedings consistent with this opinion.
Plaintiff Burton filed this legal malpractice claim against Elkins and asserted that Elkins
failed to timely file a malpractice claim against plaintiff’s prior counsel, Kevin McNulty.2 Elkins
says that he notified Burton by way of a December 5, 2001 letter, that Elkins would not be
pursuing any claims against McNulty. Burton denied that he received Elkins’ December 5, 2001
letter and said that there were further communications between Burton and Elkins after that date,
including a January 2003 conversation during which Elkins advised Burton that his case was still
being evaluated to determine what claims, if any, would be pursued against McNulty.
Burton filed his complaint on December 5, 2003, placed the complaint in the hands of an
officer for service on January 14, 2004, and Elkins was served on January 21, 2004. Elkins
1
Throughout this opinion, the name Elkins refers to both Michael Elkins and his law firm, Elkins
and Associates.
2
Burton wanted to sue McNulty because McNulty allegedly allowed the statute of limitations to
expire on claims Burton had against a former contractor, James Beatty, and another former
attorney, James Fowler.
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moved for summary disposition and asserted that Burton’s claims were barred by the applicable
two-year statute of limitations for malpractice actions. The trial court agreed and found that (1)
Elkins’ December 5, 2001 letter was mailed in the due course of business, (2) Burton was
presumed to have received it, and (3) Burton’s denial of receipt was not sufficient to defeat that
presumption. On appeal, Burton argues that there was a genuine issue of material fact regarding
whether he received defendants’ December 5, 2001 letter.
II.
This Court reviews a trial court’s decision on a motion for summary disposition under
MCR 2.116(C)(7) de novo. DiPonio Construction Co, Inc v Rosati Masonry Co, Inc, 246 Mich
App 43, 46-47; 631 NW2d 59 (2001). When ruling on a motion under this subrule, “a court
must accept as true a plaintiff’s well-pleaded factual allegations, affidavits, or other documentary
evidence and construe them in plaintiff’s favor.” Brennan v Edward D Jones & Co, 245 Mich
App 156, 157; 626 NW2d 917 (2001).
Under Michigan law, it is presumed that a letter mailed in the due course of business is
received. Good v Detroit Automobile Inter-Insurance Exchange, 67 Mich App 270, 274-275;
241 NW2d 71 (1976) (citing Long-Bell Lumber Co v Nynam, 145 Mich 477, 481; 108 NW 1019
(1906)). “This presumption may be rebutted by evidence, but whether it was [received] is a
question for the trier of fact.” Stacey v Sankovich, 19 Mich App 688, 694; 173 NW2d 225
(1969). In Farmer’s Handy Wagon Co v Newcomb, 192 Mich 634, 638; 159 NW 152 (1916),
our Supreme Court noted that the defendant’s placing of a notice of cancellation of an order for
delivery of a silo in the mail, “properly addressed and with postage prepaid, undoubtedly
create[d] a presumption that [the cancellation was] duly received; but receipt of the notice by
plaintiff was denied by such agents and officers of the company as usually received its mail, and
[thus] whether it was received, if sent, became a question for the jury.” Similarly, in Goodyear
Tire & Rubber Co v Roseville, 468 Mich 947; 664 NW2d 751 (2003), our Supreme Court stated:
While a presumption arises that a letter with a proper address and postage
will, when placed in the mail be delivered by the postal service, this presumption
can be rebutted with evidence that the letter was not received. If such evidence is
presented, as it was here, then a question of fact arises regarding whether the letter
was received. [Citations omitted.]
See also, Celina Mutual Insur Co v Falls, 72 Mich App 130, 136; 249 NW2d 323 (1976) (the
defendant’s testimony that he had not received a notice of cancellation mailed to him by plaintiff,
coupled with return of the notice stamped “unclaimed” rebutted any presumption that the
defendant had received the notice) and Cuttle v Concordia Mut Fire Ins Co, 295 Mich 514; 295
NW2d 246 (1940) (the plaintiffs’ testimony that they did not receive a notice of assessment
together with a letter from a secretary of defendant company to another party complaining of the
manner in which the agent sent out such notices created a question of fact for the jury as to
whether a notice of assessment was sent to plaintiffs).
In contrast, in Good, supra, this Court ruled that the plaintiffs’ testimony that they could
not remember seeing a cancellation notice was not sufficient to rebut the presumption that a
cancellation notice, properly mailed, was received and therefore, that the plaintiffs’ insurance
policy was duly cancelled. 67 Mich App at 277. Thus, our Courts have distinguished between a
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firm assertion that the purported letter was not received and an assertion that a party did not
remember receiving it. The former is sufficient to create a question of fact regarding whether the
letter was received, while the latter does not.
Here, plaintiff Burton submitted an affidavit in which he claimed that he did not receive
any letter from Elkins that advised that Elkins would not be pursuing his claims against
McNulty. Burton also provided documentary evidence to support his assertions that he sent a
registered letter to defendants on December 8, 2001 that inquired about the status of his case and
that he placed telephone calls to defendants’ office in January and August 2003 to make further
inquiries. The parties do not dispute that Elkins did not respond to Burton’s December 8, 2001
letter. Burton suggests that it is a reasonable inference that, had Elkins sent a letter three days
before his December 8th letter advising him that they were not going to pursue his claims, Elkins
would have responded. Burton also stated that, in January 2003, Elkins told him that he was still
evaluating Burton’s claims against McNulty. This evidence, considered in a light most favorable
to Burton, was sufficient to rebut the presumption that Burton received the December 5, 2001
letter. Thus, the trial court erred when it ruled that the statute of limitations expired before
Burton placed the complaint in the hands of a process server on January 14, 2003. Whether
Burton received the letter is a question of fact for the jury. Accordingly, we decline to address
the other issues raised on appeal.
Reversed and remanded for further proceedings consistent with this opinion. We do not
retain jurisdiction.
/s/ William C. Whitbeck
/s/ Henry William Saad
/s/ Peter D. O'Connell
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