ARNOLD SCHAFER V JESSE FEAGIN
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STATE OF MICHIGAN
COURT OF APPEALS
ARNOLD SCHAFER,
UNPUBLISHED
October 23, 1998
Plaintiff-Appellee,
v
No. 200009
Wayne Circuit
LC No. 96-629842 CZ
JESSE FEAGIN,
Defendant-Appellant,
and
MARCIA M. CHILDS,
Defendant.
Before: Fitzgerald, P.J., and Holbrook, Jr., and Cavanagh, JJ.
PER CURIAM.
Defendant Jesse Feagin (hereinafter “defendant”)1 appeals as of right from the circuit court’s
order granting default judgment to plaintiff. We affirm.
Plaintiff, acting as receiver for a party awarded a substantial monetary judgment against
defendant in 1994, sought to acquire real property owned by defendant in order to satisfy the judgment.
However in late 1994 and early 1995, defendant conveyed several parcels of real property located in
Detroit to codefendant Marcia Childs by quitclaim deeds. On June 19, 1996, plaintiff filed a complaint,
alleging that Childs did not pay fair consideration for the properties, that defendant conveyed the
properties so that they would not be available to satisfy the judgment against him, and that the
conveyances were thus fraudulent. Plaintiff further alleged that defendant continued to collect rents and
deduct depreciation on the transferred properties, demonstrating that defendant retained equitable title.
Plaintiff asked the court to set aside or disregard the conveyances.
On July 23, 1996, plaintiff asked the clerk to enter the default of defendants for failure to
appear, plead, or otherwise defend as provided by law. Claiming that defendants neither answered nor
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moved the court to set aside the default, plaintiff filed a motion for default judgment on November 26,
1996. After a hearing, on December 6, 1996, the circuit court granted plaintiff’s motion. Defendant
argues on appeal that default judgment was i proper because defendants were not properly served
m
with the complaint, because defendant timely filed an answer, and because the underlying cause of
action was fraudulently predicated. Defendant additionally argues that the default judgment violates
codefendant Childs’ due process rights. This Court reviews a trial court’s decision to enter a default
judgment for an abuse of discretion. Chrysler Corp v Home Ins Co, 213 Mich App 610, 612; 540
NW2d 485 (1995).
Plaintiff predicated the motion for default judgment on defendant’s failure to answer the
complaint and summons. Defendant argues that he did answer, filing an answer with the circuit court on
July 16, 1996. This document features numbered paragraphs, although these do not correspond to
those of the complaint, in violation of MCR 2.113(E)(1). Further, and more importantly, there is no
satisfactory indication that defendant ever served plaintiff with the answer.2 MCR 2.107(A) requires
that every party who has filed a pleading be served with a copy of every paper later filed in the action.
MCR 2.105 enumerates the permissible ways in which individuals may be served, but filing the paper in
question with the court is not among them. Therefore, because defendant presents no evidence that
plaintiff actually received the answer, and because the record includes no adequate proof of service,
defendant’s argument that he did provide an answer for purposes of avoiding a default must fail.
Defendant alternatively argues that he was never obliged to answer, because plaintiff failed to
properly serve him with the summons and complaint. However, although defendant does allege
technical defects in how he was served, defendant admits that he actually received both the summons
and complaint. According to defendant, plaintiff served him with a copy of only the summons on June
27, 1996, after which defendant took the initiative to obtain a copy of the complaint from the circuit
court, upon which defendant filed an answer with the court on July 16, 1996. Where service of process
is technically defective, but the defendant nonetheless acknowledges receiving the summons and
complaint by formally responding to them, the defects in service are cured. Hill v Frawley, 155 Mich
App 611, 614; 400 NW2d 328 (1986).3
Regarding defendant’s claim that the circuit court connived at fraud, nowhere in the argument
section of defendant’s brief does defendant allege that the trial judge knew or should have known that
plaintiff’s claims were based on misrepresentations. Further, defendant’s assertions merely dispute the
merits of plaintiff’s case.4 Defendant does not point to specific events or documents in the record that
clearly establish the existence of fraud, nor does he even suggest that any enlargement of the record
would establish a fraud. “A party may not simply assert an error and then leave it to this Court to
discover and explain the basis for his claim.” Williams v City of Cadillac, 148 Mich App 786, 792;
384 NW2d 792 (1985), citing Hull & Smith Horse Vans, Inc v Carras, 144 Mich App 712; 376
NW2d 392 (1985).
Regarding defendant’s argument that his codefendant’s due process rights were violated, we
need not reach that issue because defendant does not have standing to assert that claim. One party may
not claim another party’s appellate opportunities. Branch Co Bd of Comm’rs v Service Employees
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International Union, Local 586, 168 Mich App 340, 346; 423 NW2d 658 (1988); Winters v
National Indemnity Co, 120 Mich App 156, 159; 327 NW2d 423 (1982).
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Affirmed.
/s/ E. Thomas Fitzgerald
/s/ Donald E. Holbrook, Jr.
/s/ Mark J. Cavanagh
1
Defendant filed a claim of appeal from the circuit court’s order; codefendant Childs did not.
2
Defendant does not assert that plaintiff actually received the answer, and defendant’s attempt at proof
of service is defective. Although the final page of the answer filed with the court says “Copy sent to
Plaintiff by regular mail on above given date,” and bears defendant’s signature, there is no indication
regarding precisely where and to whom the copy was sent, and the document is not notarized. Because
this statement is the only indication in the record that plaintiff was served, beyond defendant’s own bald
assertions repeated elsewhere, there is no adequate proof of service in the record according to MCR
2.107(D).
3
The purpose of formal requirements for service of process is “to insure that defendant has adequate
notice and an opportunity to defend.” Dogan v Michigan Basic Property Ins Ass’n, 130 Mich App
313, 318; 343 NW2d 532 (1983). Thus, the lack of a formal proof of service in the record does not
preclude the entry of a default. Id. at 319. Because defendant acknowledges that he actually timely
received the summons and complaint, defendant’s assertion that he was defectively served with the
complaint is no defense to the default from which he appeals.
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A party is not entitled to allege fraud from the party’s simple disagreement with the opponent’s
position. A defendant who fails to defend may not then characterize the defendant’s disagreements with
the plaintiff’s legal and factual representations as establishing fraud on the plaintiff’s part, and then use
that assertion of fraud to argue, in effect, that the defendant should prevail without having ever defended.
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