BR 15-99 Primary Order (redacted) (FISC 2015)

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r11.,u Approved for public release as redacted by the ODNI 20150828 TOP SECR:ST//8INNOFORN UNlTED STATES Unitod ltatH Porelon lnteUl"anvo !JurvoUl•ncA Court AUG 27 20\5 LeeAnn Flynn Hall, Clork of Court FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE SURVEILLANCE cougT.,,...... WASHINGTON, D. C. IN RE APPLICATION OF THE FEDl\RAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION FOR AN ORDER REQUIRING THE PJ~ODUCTION OF TANGIBLE THINGS FRO Docket Number: BR 15 - 9 9 PRIMARY ORDER A verified application having been made by the Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (PBI) for an order pursuant to the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978 (the Act), Title 50, United States Code (U.S.C.), § 1861, as amended, requiring the TOP 9t.:CRl!'f//SJ//NOPOltN Derived from: Declassify on: Pleadings in the above-captioned docket 28 August 204Q Approved for public release as redacted by the ODNI 20150828 TOP SECRET//511/NOFORN production to the National Security Agency (NSA) of the tangible things described below, and full consideration having been given to the matters set forth therein, the Court finds as follows: 1. There are reasonable grounds to believe that the tangible things sought are relevant to authorized investigations (other than threat assessments) being conducted by the FBI under guidelines approved by the Attorney General under Executive Order 12333 to protect against international terrorism, which investigations are not being conducted solely upon the basis of activities protected by the First Amendment to the Constitution of the United States. [50 U.S.C. § 186l(c)(l)] 2. The tangible things sought could be obtained with a subpoena duces tecum issued by a court of the United States in aid of a grand jury investigation or with any other order issued by a court of the United States directing the production of records or tangible things. [50 U.S.C. § 186l(c)(2)(D)] 3. The application includes an enumeration of the minimization procedures the Government proposes to follow with regard to the tangible things sought, which meet the definition of minimization procedures in 50 U.S.C. § 1861(g). See 50 U.S.C. § 1861(c)(l), as amended by the USA FREEDOM Act of 2015. Such procedures are similar to the minimization procedures approved and adopted as binding by the order of this Court in Docket Number BR 15-75 and its predecessors. [50 U.S.C. § 186l(c)(l)] TOP SECRETh'SI//NOFORN 2 Approved for public release as redacted by the ODNI 20150828 TOP SECRET//SI//NOFORN Accordingly, the Court finds that the application of the United States to obtain the tangible things, as described below, satisfies the requirements of the Act and, therefore, IT IS HEHEBY ORDERED, pursuant to the authority conferred on this Court by the Act, that the application is GRANTED lN PART, and il is FURTHER ORDERED as follows: (1) A. The Custodians of Records of shall produce to NSA upon service of the ;:ippropriate secondary order, and continue production on an ongoing daily basis thereafter for the duration of this order, unless othcrwbe ordered by the Court, an eleclronk copy of the following tangible things: all call detail records or "telephony metadata" 1 created b (1) 8. The Custodian of Records of ·hall produce lo NSA upon service of the For purposes of Lhis Order "telephony metadata" includes comprehensive commwlicalions routing information, including but not limited to session identifying infonnation (e.g., originating and terminating telephone number, Intemationnl Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI) number, Jntcmational Mobile station Equipment Identity (IMEi) numbt~r, etc.), tmnk identifier, telephone calling curd .numbers, and time and duration of call. Telephony meta data docs not . include the substantive content of any communication, as defined by 18 U.S.C. § 2510(8), or the name, address, or financial information of a subscriber or customer. Furthermore, this Order docs not auU10rize the production of cell site location information (CSU). 1 TOP 8BCRET//SIJ/NOFORN 3 Approved for public release as redacted by the ODNI 20150828 TOP SBCRET/lSYfNOFORN appropriate secondary order, and continue production on an ongoing daily basis thereafter for the duration of this order, unless otherwise ordered by the Court, an electronic copy of the following tangible things: all call detail records or "telephony metadata" created b~or communications (i) between the United States and abroad; or (ii) wholly within the United States, including local telephone calls. . . __ ;,. ·..:: . ~ ... . . .... . ·. ':-- (2) With respect to any information the FBI receives as a result of this Order (information that is disseminated to it by NSA), the l'RI shall follow the procedures set forth in The Attorney General's Guidelines for Domestic FBI Operations (September 29, 2008). (3) With respect to the information that NSA receives or has received as a result of this Order or predecessor Orders of this Court requiring the production to NSA of telephony metadata pursuant to 50 U.S.C. § 1861 ("BR meladata"), NSA shall strictly adhere to the limitations and procedures set out at subparagraphs A through G. below. Furthermore, after November 28, 2015, the Government shall not access BR mctadata for intelligence analysis purposes. A. The Government is hereby prohibited from accessing BR meta.data for any purpose except as described herein. TOP 6ECRET/f6I//NOl'ORtJ 4 Approved for public release as redacted by the ODNI 20150828 TOP SECftft'ft/Sl/INOFORN B. NSA shall store and process the BR metadata in l'epositories within secure networks under NSA's control.2 The BR metadata :,;hall carry unique markings such that sofhvare and oil1er controls (including u:;er authentication service:;) can restrict access to it to authorized personnel who hav(' received appropriate and adequate training with regard to this authority. NSA shall restlict access to the BR metadata to nuthorizcd perso1mel who have received appropriate and adequate training.:i Appropriately trained and authorized technical personnel may access the BR rnetadata lo perform those processes needed to mcike it usable for intelligence analysis. Technical personnel may query the BR metadata using selection tcrms4 that have not been RAS- 2 Ttlf' Court undr.rstnnds that NSA will m"1intni11 the BR metadala in recovery back-up systems for mission assurance and continuity of operations purposes. NSA shall ensure that any access or use of the BR mctadnta in the event of any natural dfaaster, man-made emergency, attack, or other tmforeseen event is in compliance with the Court's Order. The Court understands that the technical personnel responsible for NSA's underJying corporate infrastructure and the transmission of the BR metadnta from the specified persons to NSJ\, will not receive special lrnining regarding U1e auU10rity granted herein. 3 5 Approved for public release as redacted by the ODNI 20150828 TOP SECRET/!Sff/NOFORN approved (described below) for those purposes described above, and may sha1·e the results of those queries with other authorized personnel responsible for these purposes, but the results of any such queries will not be used for intelligence analysis purposes. An authorized technician may access U1e BR metadata to ascertain those identifiers that may be high volume identifiers. The technician may share the results of any such access, i.e., U1e identifiers and the foct that they are high volume identifiers, with authorized personnel (including those responsible for the identification and defeat of high volume and other unwanted BR metadata from any of NSA's various metadata repositories), but may not share any other information from U1e results of that access for intelligence analysis purposes. In addition, authorized technical personnel may access the BR metadata for purposL$ of obtaining foreign intelligence information pursuant to the requirements of subparagraph (3)C below. C. The Government may request, by motion and on a case-by-case basis, permission from the Court for NSA5 to use specific selection terms that satisfy the For purposes of this Order, "National Security Agency'' and "NSJ\ personnel" m·e defined as any employees of the National Security Agency/Central Security Service ("NSA/CSS" or "NSA") and any other personnel engaged in Signals Intelligence (STGINT) operations authorized pursuant to FISA if such opcrntions ilre executed under the direction, authol'ity, or control of the Director, NSA/Chief, CSS (DIRNSA). NSA personnel shall not disseminate BR mcladata outside the NSA unless the disscmintltion is permitted by, and in accordance with, the requirements of this Order that are applicable to the NSA. 5 TOP 8ECRET//6l//NOFORN 6 Approved for public release as redacted by the ODNI 20150828 TOP 6ECRET//Sl//NOFORN reasonable articulable suspicion (RAS) standard6 as "seeds" to query the BR meta.data for purposes of obtaining foreign intelligence information. 'J11e Government may query '111e reasonable articu !able suspicion (RJ\S) standard is met when, based on the factual and practical considerations of everyday life on which reasonable and prudent persons act, there are 6 facts giving rise to a reasonable articulable sus idon that the selection term to be ue1ied i associated with rovided, hovvever, that any selection term reasonably believed to be used by a United States (U.S.) person shall not be regarded as associated wit TOP SECRET//SJ//NOFORN 7 Approved for public release as redacted by the ODNI 20150828 TOP SECRET//Slf/NOFORN the BR metadata to obtain contact chaining information within two hops of an approved "seed." 7 In addition, the Director or A.cling Director of NSA may authorize the emergency querying of the BR metadata with a selection term for purposes of obtaining foreign intelligence in.formation, within two hops of a "seed, 11 if: (1) the Director or Acting Director of NSA reasonably determines that an emergency situation The first "hop" from a seed returns results including all identifiers (and their associated mctadata) with a contact nnd/or c01meclion wiU1 !he seed. The second "hop" .returns results that include all identifiers (and their associated mctadata) with a contact and/or cormection \·Vith an identifier revealed by the first "hop." 7 TOP 5ECRET//Sl//NOI'OJtN 8 Approved for public release as redacted by the ODNI 20150828 TOP SECRET//Sl//NOFORN exists with respect to the conduct of such querying before an order authorizing such use of a selection term can with due diligence be obtained; and (2) the Director or Acting Director of NSA reasonably determines th<1t the RAS standard has been met with respect to the selection term.8 In any case in which this emergency authority is exercised, the Government shall make a motion in accordance with the Primary Order to the Court as soon as practicable, but not later than 7 days after the Director or Acting Director of NSA authorizes such query .9 (i) Any submission to the Court under Hus emergency provision shall, at a minimum, specify the selection term for which query authorization is sought or was granted, provide the foctual basis for the NSA's belief that the reasonable articulable suspicion standard has been met with regard to that selection term. and, if such query has already taken place, a statement of the emergency necessitating such query. 10 e Before an emergency query is performed under this authority, NSA's Office of General Counsel (OGC), in consult.ition with the Director OJ Aeling Director, shall confirm that any selection tcm1 rcasonabl believed to be used b ii United Stales U.S. associated with Amendment to the Constitution. 'In the event the Court denies such motion, the Govcnunenl shall take appropriate remedial steps, including any steps the Comt may direct. rn for any selection term that is subject lo ongoing Court-nulhori.zec..l electronic smvcillancc, pursuant lo 50 U.S.C. § 1805, based on this Court's finding of p ·oba selection term is be' u f including those used by U.S. persons, the Government may use such selection terms as "seeds" during any period of ongoing Court-authorized declronk surveillance without first seeking authorization TOP 6ECRET//81l/NOFORN 9 Approved for public release as redacted by the ODNI 20150828 TOP 8ECRET//Sil/NOFORN (ii) NSA shall ensure, tlu-ough adequate Jnd appropriate technical and management conh·ols, that queries of the BR metadata for intelligence analysis purposes will be initiated using only a selection term lhat has been RAS-approved.11 ·whenever the BR mctadata is accessed for foreign intelligence analysis purposes or using foreign intelligence analysis query tools, an auditablc record of the activity shall be generated. 12 (iii) The Court's finding lhat a selection term is associated w i t - hall be effective until November 28, 2015, at 11:59 p.m. Eastern Time.13 from this Court as described herein. Except in the case of an emergency, NSA shall first notify lhe Department of Justice, National Security Division o! ils proposed use as u seed any selection lcrm :mbject to ongoing Court-authorized electronic surveillance. The Court understands that NSA has implemented technical controls that preclude any query for intelligence analysis purposes with a non-RAS-approved seed. hl cases of imminent llueat lo human life NSA may bypass thc~c technical controls, subject to management controls, to conduct queries using RAS-approved seeds that have been blocked by technical restraints. 11 This auditable record requirement shall not apply lo further accessing of the results of RASapproved queries. 12 '"The Court understands that from time to time the information available to NSA ·will indicate that a selection term is or was associated with a Foreign Power only for a specific and limited time frame. In such cases, the Government's submission shall specify lhe time frame for whiCh the selection term is or was associated with Tht~ Court tmderstands that NSA n!ceived certain call detnil records pursuant to other authority, in addition to the call detail records produced in response to this Court's Orders. NSJ\ shall store, handle, and disseminate call detail records roduccd in res onse to this Court's Orders pursuant to this Order, TOP SECRET//SI//NOFORN 10 Approved for public release as redacted by the ODNI 20150828 TOP SECRETNSl/INOFORN (iv) Queries of the BR metadata using RAS-approved selection terms for purposes of obtaining foreign intelligence information may occur by manual analyst query only. Queries of the BR metadata to obtain foreign intelligence information shall return only that metadata within tvm "hops" of an approved seed. D. Results of any intelligence analysis queries of the BR metadata may be shared, prior to mjnimization, for intelligence analysis purposes among NSA analysts, subject to the requirement that all NSA perso1mel ·who receive query results in any form first l'eceive appropriate and adequate training and guidance regarding the procedmes and restrictions for the handling and dissemination of such information. 14 NSA shall apply the minimization and dissemination requirements and procedures of Section 7 of United States Signals hltelligen.ce Directive SPOOI8 (USSTD 18) issued on January 25, 20'!1, to any results from queries of the BI~ metadata, in any form, before the information is disseminated outside of NSA in any form. Additionally, prior to disseminating any U.S. person information outside NSA, the Director of NSA, the Deputy Director of NSA, or one of the officials Jistcd in Section 7.3(c) of USSID 18 (!&, the Director of the Signals Intelligence Directorate (SID), the Deputy Director of the SID, In addition, the Comt understands that NSA may apply the full range of SIGINT analytic lradecraft lo U1e results of intelligence analysis queries of the collected BR mctadata. 14 TOP S~CR~Tl/.SJ#NOFORN 11 Approved for public release as redacted by the ODNI 20150828 TOP SECRET/ISJ/INOFORN the Chief of the Information Sharing Services (ISS) office, the Deputy Chief of the ISS office, and the Senior Operations Officer of the National Security Operations Center) must determine that the information identifying the U.S. person is in fact related to counterterrorism information and that it is necessary to understand the counterterrorism information or assess its importance. 15 Notwithstanding the above requirements, NSA may share results from intelligence analysis queries of the BR metadata, including U.S. person identifying information, with Executive Branch personnel (1) in order to enable them to determine whether the information may be exculpatory or otherwise discoverable in legal proceedings or (2) to facilitate their lawful oversight functions. Notwithstanding the above requirements, NSA may share the results from intelligence analysis queries of the BR metadata, including United States person information, with Legislative Branch personnel to facilitate lawful oversight functions. E. The Application requests authority for the Government to retain BR metadata after November 28, 2015, in accordance with the Opinion and Order of this Court issued on March 12,. 2014 in docket number BR 14-01, and subject to the conditions stated therein, including the requirement to notify this Court of any material developments in In the event the Government encounters circumstances that it believes necessitate the alteration of these dissemination procedures, it may obtain prospectively applicable modifications to the procedures upon a determination by the Court that such modifications are appropriate under the circumstances and in light of the size and nature of this bulk collection. 15 TOP SECRITT/ISIJ/NOFORN 12 Approved for public release as redacted by the ODNI 20150828 TOP SECRET//81//NOFORN civil litigation pertaining to such BR metadata. The Application also requests authority, for a period ending on February 29, 201~ for appropriately trained and authorized technical personnel (described in subparagraph B. above) to access BR metadata to verify the completeness and accuracy of call detail records produced under the targeted production orders authorized by the USA FREEDOM Act. The Court is taking these requests under advisement and will address them in a subsequent order or orders. Accordingly, this Primary Order does not authorize the retention and use of BR metadata beyond November 28, 2015. F. NSA and the National Security Division of the Department of Justice (NSD/DoJ) shall conduct oversight of NSA' s activities under this authority as outlined below. (i) NSA's OGC and Office of the Director of Compliance (ODOC) shall ensure that personnel with access to the BR metadata receive appropriate and adequate training and guidance regarding the procedures and restrictions for collection, storage, analysis, dissemination, and retention of the BR metadata and the results of queries of the BR metadata. NSA's OGC and ODOC shall further ensure that all NSA personnel who receive query results in any form first receive appropriate and adequate training and guidance regarding the procedures and restrictions for the handling and dissemination of such information. NSA shall 'f'Of1 SECIU~'ff/SI//NOFORN 13 Approved for public release as redacted by the ODNI 20150828 TOP SECRET//Sll/NOFORN maintain records of all such training. 16 OGC shall provide NSD/DoJ with copies of all formal briefing and/or training materials (including all revisions thereto) used to brief/train NSA personnel concerning this authority. (ii) NSA' s ODOC shall monitor the implementation and use of the software and other controls (including user authentication services) and the logging of auditable information referenced above. (iii) NSA's OGC shall consult with NSD/DoJ on all significant legal opinions that relate to the interpretation, scope, and/or implementation of this authority. When operationally practicable, such consultation shall occur in advance; otherwise NSD shall be notified as soon as practicable. (iv) At least once during the authorization period, NSA's OGC, ODOC, NSD/DoJ, and any other appropriate NSA representatives shall meet for the purpose of assessing compliance with this Court's orders. Included in this meeting will be a review of NSA's monitoring and assessment to ensure that only approved metadata is being acquired. The results of this meeting shall be reduced to writing and submitted to the Court prior to the expiration of the authority requested herein. The nature of the training that is appropriate and adequate for a particular person will depend on the person's responsibilities and the circumstances of his access to the BR meta data or the results from any queries of the metadata. 16 TOP SECRET//SI//NOFORN 14 Approved for public release as redacted by the ODNI 20150828 TOP 8ECRET/}Sl//NOFORN (v) At least once during the authorization period, NSD/DoJ shall meet with NSA's Office of the Inspector General to discuss their respective oversight responsibilities and assess NSA' s compliance with the Court's orders. (vi) Prior to implementation of any automated query processes, such processes shall be reviewed and approved by NSA's OGC, NSD/DoJ, and the Court. G. Approximately every thirty days, NSA shall file with the C~mrt a report that includes a statement of the number of instances since the preceding report in which NSA has shared, in any form, results from queries of the BR metadata that contain United States person information, in any form, with anyone outside NSA, other than Executive Branch or Legislative Branch personnel receiving such results for their purposes that are exempted from the dissemination requirements of paragraph (3)D above. For each such instance in which United States person infor1:11ation has been shared, the report shall include NSA's attestation that one of the officials authorized to approve such disseminations determined, prior to dissemination, that the information was related to counterterrorism information and necessary to understand counterterrorism information or to assess its importance. (4) The Court recognizes that there are two cases involving challenges to the legality of this collection pending before federal appellate courts, Klayman v. Obama, No. TOP SECRET//Sl//NOFORN 15 Approved for public release as redacted by the ODNI 20150828 TOP ~ECRETt/Slh'NOFORN 14-5004 (D.C. Cir. argued Nov. 4, 2014), and Smith v. Obama, No. 14-35555 (9th Cir. argued Dec. 8, 2014), and one case in which a federal appeals court panel has issued an opinion regarding the legality of this collection, A.C.L.U. v. Clapper, No. 14-42 (2d Cir. May 7, 2015). 17 If an opinion is issued in any of the tvvo pending cases prior to the expiration of this Order, the government is directed to inform the Court promptly if the goverrunent's implementation of this Order has changed as a result of such opinion(s). The government also is directed to inform the Court promptly if the government's implementation of this Order has changed as a result of the opinion in A.C.L.U. v. Clapper. -- Remainder of page intentionally left blank. -- By letter dated June 10, 2015 in docket number Misc. No. 15-01, the government notified the Court that on June 9, 2015 the federal appeals court panel entered an order which directed the parties in that litigation to submit supplemental briefs regarding the effect of the USA FREEDOM Act on the case and "in particular whether any or all of the claims asserted by the plaintiffs-appellants have been rendered moot as a result of that legislation." The order also stayed issuance of the court's mandate pending the parties' supplemental briefing and extended the deadline for the submission of any petitions for rehearing. The Court understands that on July 14, 2015, the ACLU filed a Motion for Preliminary Injunction in which it also presented arguments regarding the effect of the USA FREEDOM Act on the case; and that on July 27, 2015, the government filed a Combined Supplemental Brief for Appellees and Opposition to Motion for Preliminary Injunction. The Court further understands that as of the date of this Order, the Second Cfrcuit panel has not issued any additional relevant opinions or orders. If an additional opinion or order is issued p1ior to the expiration of this Order, the govenunent is directed to inform the Court promptly if the government's implementation of this Order has changed as a result of any such opinion or order. 17 TOP SECRET//SI.LINOFORN 16 Approved for public release as redacted by the ODNI 20150828 TOP S~CRRTJtSl//.NOFORN This authorization regardin xpires on lhe 28th day of November, 2015, at 1 J :59 p.m., Eastern Time. 1 T A:t!j · {<;" /'. Signed Date Time J:'P/V£astern Time MW~ MOSA MICHAEL w. Judge, United States Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court 1 __..hie~ DqH,1ly Clork. '·~!'·:(·· ':',-lll"> "" •:1sriucun1cnlisaI ~-' ·'• '-' l TOP SECllET//SI//NOrOllN .> \rliu onu corr:::cl coo of tr1e udqino1 17

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