Notice: Eighth Circuit Rule 28a(k) Governs Citation of Unpublished Opinions and Provides That They Are Not Precedent and Generally Should Not Be Cited Unless Relevant to Establishing the Doctrines of Res Judicata, Collateral Estoppel, the Law of the Case, or if the Opinion Has Persuasive Value on a Material Issue and No Published Opinion Would Serve As Well.united States of America, Appellee, v. Jesse Ball, Also Known As Junior, Appellant, 124 F.3d 208 (8th Cir. 1997)

Jesse Ball appeals his 170-month sentence imposed by the district court,¹  following a remand for resentencing in United States v. Ball, 90 F.3d 260 (8th Cir. 1996). His counsel filed a brief pursuant to Anders v. California, 386 U.S. 738 (1967), and was granted leave to withdraw. Ball has filed a supplemental pro se brief. We affirm.

A jury convicted Ball of six drug trafficking and firearms offenses. In his first appeal, he challenged the district court's denial of his motion to suppress and two firearms convictions. We reversed the firearms convictions under Bailey v. United States, 116 S. Ct. 501 (1995), affirmed the remaining convictions, and remanded for resentencing. See Ball, 90 F.3d at 261.

On resentencing, the district court then sentenced Ball to 170 months imprisonment and 4 years of supervised release, imposing a 2-level enhancement for possession of a firearm, see U.S. Sentencing Guidelines Manual § 2D1.1(b) (1) (1995), and a 2-level enhancement for obstruction of justice, see U.S. Sentencing Guidelines Manual § 3C1.1 (1995). On appeal, Ball argues the district court's assessment of both enhancements was clearly erroneous.

Section 2D1.1(b) (1) "reflects the increased danger of violence when drug traffickers possess weapons," and the enhancement "should be applied if the weapon was present, unless it is clearly improbable that the weapon was connected with the offense." U.S. Sentencing Guidelines Manual § 2D1.1, comment. (n.3) (1995). The government has the burden of proving by a preponderance of the evidence both that the weapon was present and that it is probable the weapon was connected with the drug charge. See United States v. Richmond, 37 F.3d 418, 419-20 (8th Cir. 1994), cert. denied, 513 U.S. 1178 (1995). According to trial evidence, in the residence Ball occupied, detectives found on one occasion guns in the living room and in the kitchen next to crack cocaine and drug paraphernalia, and on another occasion, crack cocaine in the front room and guns in a closet and on the pool table. Based on this evidence, the district court did not clearly err in assessing the enhancement. See id. (standard of review; affirming enhancement where firearms and drugs were found in defendant's apartment).

Upon our careful review of the record, we also conclude that the district court did not err by imposing the two-level enhancement for obstruction of justice because the district court's finding that Ball committed perjury during his trial testimony was not clearly erroneous. See United States v. Patino-Rojas, 974 F.2d 94, 96 (8th Cir. 1992) (per curiam) (standard of review), cert. denied, 507 U.S. 974 (1993). The obstruction-of-justice enhancement may be imposed when " 'there is a strong finding of perjury based on the trial judge's independent evaluation of the defendant's testimony' at trial." Id. (citations omitted). Here, the district court made an independent finding that Ball committed perjury when Ball specifically denied a great portion of the police detectives' testimony. See United States v. Turk, 21 F.3d 309, 313 (8th Cir. 1994) (affirming U.S. Guidelines Manual § 3C1.1 enhancement based on perjury where court examined defendant's testimony and concluded she committed perjury by denying involvement in offense).

We need not consider the additional arguments Ball raised in his supplemental pro se brief because he could have raised them in his first direct criminal appeal. See United States v. Kress, 58 F.3d 370, 373-74 (8th Cir. 1995). Finally, Ball's claims of ineffective assistance of counsel are more appropriately resolved in 28 U.S.C. § 2255 proceedings. See United States v. Logan, 49 F.3d 352, 361 (8th Cir. 1995).

Having carefully reviewed the record, we find no other nonfrivolous issue for appeal. See Penson v. Ohio, 488 U.S. 75, 80 (1988).

Accordingly, we affirm.

A true copy.