2020 West Virginia Code
Chapter 27. Mentally Ill Persons
Article 5. Involuntary Hospitalization
§27-5-3. Admission Under Involuntary Hospitalization for Examination; Hearing; Release
(a) Admission to a mental health facility for examination. Any individual may be admitted to a mental health facility for examination and treatment upon entry of an order finding probable cause as provided in 27-5-2 of this code upon a finding by a licensed physician that the individual is medically stable, and upon certification by a physician, psychologist, licensed professional counselor, licensed independent clinical social worker practicing in compliance with the provisions of 30-30-1 et seq. of this code, an advanced nurse practitioner with psychiatric certification practicing in compliance with 30-7-1 et seq. of this code, or a physicians assistant practicing in compliance with 30-3E-1 et seq. of this code with advanced duties in psychiatric medicine that he or she has examined the individual and is of the opinion that the individual is mentally ill or has a substance use disorder and, because of the mental illness or substance use disorder, is likely to cause serious harm to himself, herself, or to others if not immediately restrained: Provided, That the opinions offered by an independent clinical social worker, an advanced nurse practitioner with psychiatric certification, or a physicians assistant with advanced duties in psychiatric medicine must be within his or her particular areas of expertise, as recognized by the order of the authorizing court.
(b) Three-day time limitation on examination. If the examination does not take place within three days from the date the individual is taken into custody, the individual shall be released. If the examination reveals that the individual is not mentally ill or has a substance use disorder, the individual shall be released.
(c) Three-day time limitation on certification. The certification required in 27-5-3(a) of this code is valid for three days. Any individual with respect to whom the certification has been issued may not be admitted on the basis of the certification at any time after the expiration of three days from the date of the examination.
(d) Findings and conclusions required for certification. A certification under this section must include findings and conclusions of the mental examination, the date, time, and place of the examination, and the facts upon which the conclusion that involuntary commitment is necessary is based.
(e) Notice requirements. When an individual is admitted to a mental health facility or a state hospital pursuant to the provisions of this section, the chief medical officer of the facility shall immediately give notice of the individuals admission to the individuals spouse, if any, and one of the individuals parents or guardians or if there is no spouse and are no parents or guardians, to one of the individuals adult next of kin if the next of kin is not the applicant. Notice shall also be given to the community mental health facility, if any, having jurisdiction in the county of the individuals residence. The notices other than to the community mental health facility shall be in writing and shall be transmitted to the person or persons at his, her, or their last known address by certified mail, return receipt requested.
(f) Three-day time limitation for examination and certification at mental health facility or state hospital. After the individuals admission to a mental health facility or state hospital, he or she may not be detained more than three days, excluding Sundays and holidays, unless, within the period, the individual is examined by a staff physician and the physician certifies that in his or her opinion the patient is mentally ill or has a substance use disorder and is likely to injure himself, herself, or others if allowed to be at liberty. In the event the staff physician determines that the individual does not meet the criteria for continued commitment, that the individual can be treated in an available outpatient community-based treatment program and poses no present danger to himself, herself or others, or that the individual has an underlying medical issue or issues that resulted in a determination that the individual should not have been committed, the staff physician shall release and discharge the individual as appropriate as soon as practicable.
(g) Ten-day time limitation for institution of final commitment proceedings. If, in the opinion of the examining physician, the patient is mentally ill or has a substance use disorder and because of the mental illness or substance use disorder is likely to injure himself, herself, or others if allowed to be at liberty, the chief medical officer shall, within 10 days from the date of admission, institute final commitment proceedings as provided in 27-5-4 of this code. If the proceedings are not instituted within the 10-day period, the individual shall be immediately released. After the request for hearing is filed, the hearing may not be canceled on the basis that the individual has become a voluntary patient unless the mental hygiene commissioner concurs in the motion for cancellation of the hearing.
(h) Twenty-day time limitation for conclusion of all proceedings. If all proceedings as provided in 27-3-1 et seq. and 27-4-1 et seq. of this code are not completed within 20 days from the date of institution of the proceedings, the individual shall be immediately released.
