2012 Vermont Statutes
Title 10 Appendix Conservation and Development
Chapter 1 GAME
§ 10 Vermont endangered and threatened species rule

§ 10. Vermont endangered and threatened species rule

1.0 Authority

This rule is adopted pursuant to 10 V.S.A., chapter 123, § 5402(a), which provides that the Secretary "shall adopt by rule a state-endangered species list and a state threatened species list." Such list "may apply to the whole state or to any part of the state and shall identify the species by its most recently accepted genus and species name."

2.0 Purpose

The purpose of this rule:

(a) Is to identify and list which species of wild plants and animals are considered by the Secretary to be endangered and threatened in Vermont so that they may be protected under the law.

(b) Implements the legislative policy of the enabling statutes (1981, No. 188 (Adj. Sess.), § 1) which provides:

"(a) The state of Vermont recognizes the value, which plants, fish and wildlife in their natural environment have for public enjoyment, ecological balance, and scientific study. The state also recognizes the need for protection and preservation of these species and for encouragement of public understanding regarding the desirability of these protection and preservation efforts.

"(b) By passage of this act, the general assembly intends to declare as state policy; that species of wildlife and wild plants normally occurring within this state which may be found to be threatened or endangered within the state should be accorded protection as necessary to maintain and enhance their numbers; that the state should assist in the protection of species of wildlife and wild plants which are determined to be "threatened' or "endangered' elsewhere pursuant to the federal Endangered Species Act; and that adequate federal funding for the conservation of threatened and endangered species may be made available to the agency of environmental conservation under Public Law 96-366 and other laws.

"(c) The general assembly further intends to allow for the orderly development of the state without undue hardship being caused by the provisions of this act providing for the power of issuing variances."

3.1 Endangered Species are those species whose continued existence as viable components of the state's wild flora or fauna is determined to be in jeopardy.

3.2 Threatened Species are those likely within the foreseeable future to become endangered.

3.3 Secretary is the Secretary of the Agency of Natural Resources except where otherwise specified.

4.0 Procedures

4.1 No person shall take or possess (as defined in 10 V.S.A. § 5401(13) and (14)) an endangered or threatened species, except when exempted as provided for in 10 V.S.A. § 5408.

4.2 Permits per 10 V.S.A. § 5408(a) may be granted by the Secretary only if the taking of an endangered or threatened species is:

4.2.1 For scientific purposes, or

4.2.2 To enhance the propagation of species, or

4.2.3 To prevent or mitigate economic hardship, or

4.2.4 For zoological exhibition, or

4.2.5 For educational purposes, or

4.2.6 For special purpose consistent with the purpose of the Federal Endangered Species Act (see 16 USCA § 1531(b)).

4.3 Permission may be requested for exceptions to requirements pursuant to 10 V.S.A. § 5408, according to the following steps:

4.3.1 The petitioner submits a completed (as determined by the Secretary), written application for a permit to the Secretary, specifying for which purpose(s) the permit is required, as listed in 10 V.S.A. § 5408(a). The application shall include all information deemed necessary by the Secretary to properly evaluate the application, including a description of the possible impacts due to the proposed action, and plan for conservation or mitigation. The fee required by 10 V.S.A § 5408(f), shall accompany the application.

4.3.2 Within 30 days of receipt of the completed application, the Secretary shall inform the petitioner of the decision.

4.3.3 Hearing: The Secretary may defer the decision beyond 30 days if it is deemed necessary by the ESC to conduct a non-adversarial, public hearing in order to properly evaluate the application. Such hearing will be held within 60 days of the receipt of the application.

4.3.3.1 In situations where a petition has been denied and no public hearing has yet been held, the petitioner may request in writing to the Secretary that a hearing be held regarding the proposed activity. The Secretary will conduct a hearing within 30 days of receipt of the request (or within another timeframe to which the petitioner agrees), and provide the petitioner, the ESC (including the Commissioner of Fish and Wildlife), and other affected parties 20 days notice prior to holding the hearing.

4.3.3.2 The Secretary shall inform the petitioner of the decision within 20 working days following the closing of the hearing, unless the decision is extended for good cause.

4.3.4 The ESC and/or the Secretary may at any time communicate with the petitioner, to clarify issues or gain information.

4.3.5 The Secretary may require, as part of an issued permit, conditions for the protection and conservation of endangered species, per 10 V.S.A. § 5403(a) and 10 V.S.A. § 5408(a).

5.1 The following persons are exempt from provisions of the rule:

5.1.1 One holding a permit from the federal government or any other state to transport members of an endangered or threatened species from a point outside Vermont to another point within or without this state.

5.1.2 One possessing wildlife or wild plants which are not determined to be endangered or threatened under the Federal Endangered Species Act where the possessor is able to produce substantial evidence that the wildlife or wild plants were first taken or obtained in a place without violating the law of that place.

5.1.2.1 Owners of commercial nurseries who sell endangered and/or threatened species obtained legally elsewhere or propagated from stock obtained prior to passage of Act 188 in 1981, shall be exempted by a certificate issued by the Secretary, reviewed and approved at the Secretary's discretion. Such certificate shall be issued upon request and satisfactory documentation provided by the nursery owner that the plants were obtained or propagated legally.

5.1.2.2 Any nursery selling endangered or threatened species as described above, shall instruct the purchaser to maintain receipt as proof of legality of possession.

5.1.3 One engaging in normal agricultural or silvicultural practices (the rule shall not cause "undue interference" with such practices).

6.1 The following list of plants and animals is adopted as the Vermont Endangered and Threatened Species List pursuant to 10 V.S.A., chapter 123. Any changes to the list must be adopted by the Secretary by rule. Changes may be proposed directly by the Secretary upon request by a person in accordance with 3 V.S.A. § 806.

Scientific Name Common Name Status When

Listed

*

PLANTS

APIACEAE PARSLEY FAMILY

Sanicuia canadensis var. Short-styled snakeroot T 1

canadensis L.

Sanicula canadensis var. Greater short-styled T 1

grandis Fern. snakeroot

Taenidia integerrima (L.) DrudeYellow pimpernel T 1

ARACEAE-ARUM FAMILY

Arisaema dracontium (L.) SchottGreen dragon T 1

ASCLEPIADACEAE-MILKWEED FAMILY

Asclepias amplexicaulis Sm. Blunt-leaved milkweed T 1

Asclepias tuberosa L. Butterfly-weed T 1

ASPLENIACEAE-SPLEENWORT FAMILY

Asplenium montanum Willd. Mountain spleenwort T 1

Asplenium viride Huds. Green spleenwort T 1

*(Aspelenium trichomanes-

ramosum L.)

ASTERACEAE-ASTER FAMILY

Eupatorium sessilifolium L. Sessile-leaved boneset E 4

Helianthus strumosus L. Harsh sunflower T 1

Lactuca hirsuta Muhl. ex Nutt. Hairy lettuce T 5

Nabalus boottii D.C. Boott's rattlesnake-root E 1

*(Prenanthes boottii (DC.) A.

Gray)

Omalotheca sylvatica

L. Schultz-Bip. & F.W. Schultz Woodland cudweed E 4

Petasites frigidus var. Sweet coltsfoot T 1

palmatus (Ait.)

Cronq.

Polymnia canadensis L. White-flowered leafcup E 5, A

Solidago odora Ait. Sweet goldenrod T 1

Solidago ulmifolia Muhl. ex Elm-leaved goldenrod E 4, A

Willd.

BETULACEAE-BIRCH FAMILY

Betula x sandbergii Britt. Sandberg's hybrid birch E 4

BLECHNACEAE-CHAIN FERN FAMILY

Woodwardia virginica (L.) Sm. Virginia chain-fern T 1

BORAGINACEAE-BORAGE FAMILY

Cynoglossum virginianum Northern wild camfrey T 1

var. boreale (Fern.) Cooperider

Hackelia deflexa (Wahlenb) OpizNodding stickseed T 1

ssp. americana (Gray) A. & D.

Live

BRASSICACEAE-MUSTARD FAMILY

Arabidopsis lyrata Lyre-leaved rock-cress T 1

(L.) O'Kane & Al-Shehbaz

*(Arabis lyrata L.)

Boechera stricta (Graham) Drummond's rock-cress E 4

*(Arabis drummondii A. Gray)

Scientific Name Common Name Status When

Listed

Braya humilis (C.A. Mey.) B.L. Northern rock-cress T 1

Rob.

Draba breweri var. cana (Rydb.)Lanceolate cress T 1

Rollins

*(Draba cana Rydb.)

Draba glabella Pursh Smooth draba T 1

Rorippa aquatica Lake-cress T 1

*(Neobeckia aquatica (Eaton)

Greene

BRYACEAE-BRYUM MOSS FAMILY

Plagiobryum zieri (Hedw.) A moss E 3

Lindb.

CAPRIFOLIACEAE-HONEYSUCKLE

FAMILY

Viburnum edule (Michx.) Raf. Squashberry T 1

CARYOPHLLACEAE-PINK FAMILY

Minuartia marcescens Marcescent sandwort T 1

(Fern.) House

Minuartia rubella Marble sandwort T 1

(Wahlenb.) Hiern

CISTACEAE-ROCK-ROSE FAMILY

Crocanthemum bicknellii

(Fern) Janchen Plains frostweed T 1

Hudsonia tomentosa Nutt. Beach heather E 1

*(Helianthemum bicknellii

Fern.)

Lechea mucronata Raf. Hairy pinweed E 4

CLUSIACEAE-

ST. JOHN'S-WORT

FAMILY

Hypericum ascyron L. Great St. John's-wort T 1

CONVOLVULACEAE-

MORNING-GLORY FAMILY

Calystegia spithamaeus (L.) Low bindweed T 1

Pursh

CORNACEAE-DOGWOOD FAMILY

Cornus florida L. Flowering dogwood T 1

CRASSULACEAE-STONECROP FAMILY

Rhodiola rosea L. Roseroot T 1

*(Sedum rosea L. Scop.)

CUPRESSACEAE-CYPRESS FAMILY

Juniperus horizontalis Moench Creeping juniper T 1

CYPERACEAE-SEDGE FAMILY

Carex arcta Boott Contracted sedge E 4

Carex atratiformis Britt. Blackish sedge T 1

Carex buxbaumii Walenb. Buxbaum's sedge E 1

Carex capillaris L. Capillary sedge T 1

Carex chordorrhiza Ehrh, ex L. Creeping sedge E 4

f.

Carex foenea Willd. Bronze sedge E 4

Carex garberi Fern. Garber's sedge T 1

Carex livida (Wahlenb.) Willd. Pale sedge T 1

Carex muehlenbergii var.

enervis

Schkuhr ex Willd. Nerveless Muelehberg sedge T 1

Carex muehlenbergii var.

muehlenbergii

Schkuhr ex Willd. Muhlenberg's sedge T 1

Carex oligocarpa Schkuhr ex Few-fruited sedge E 4

Willd.

Carex richardsonii R. Br. Richardson's sedge E 1

Carex siccata Dewey Hay sedge E 4

Carex vaginata Tausch Sheathed sedge E 4

Cyperus diandrus Torr. Low cyperus E 3

Cyperus houghtonii Torr. Houghton's cyperus T 1

Eleocharis quinqueflora Few-flowered spike rush T 1

(Hartmann O. Schwarz

*(Eleocharis pauciflora

(Lightf.)

Link)

Fimbristylis autumnalis (L.) Autumn fimbristylis E 4

Roem. & Schult.

Rhynchospora capillacea Torr. Capillary beak-rush T 1

Scirpus ancistrochaetus Barbed-bristle bulrush E 4, A

Schuyler

Trichophorum planifolium

(Spreng.) Palla Bashful bulrush E 4, A

*(Scirpus verecundus Fern.)

DIAPENSIACEAE-DIAPENSIA FAMILY

Diapensia lapponica L. Diapensia E 1

DRYOPTERIDACEAE-WOOD FERN

FAMILY

Dryopteris filix-mas (L.) Male Fern T 1

Schott

Woodsia alpina (Bolton) S.F. Alpine woodsia E 1

Gray

EQUISETACEAE-HORSETAIL FAMILY

Equisetum palustre L. Marsh horsetail T 1

ERICACEAE-HEALTH FAMILY

Pterospora andromedea Nutt. Pinedrops E 4

Pyrola asarifoliea Michx. Bog wintergreen T 4

Pyrola minor L. Lesser pyrola E 1

Rhododendron maximum L. Great laurel T 1

Vaccinium stamineum L. Deerberry E 5

FABACEAE-PEA FAMILY

Astragalus canadensis L. Canadian milk-vetch T 1

Astragalus robbinsii var. Jessup's milk-vetch E 1

jesupii

Egglst. & Sheldon

Crotalaria sagittalis L. Rattlebox T 1

Desmodium cuspidatum (Muhl.

ex Willd.) DC ex Loud. Large-bracted tick-trefoil E 1

Desmondium rotundifolium DC. Prostrate tick-trefoil T 1

Lathyrus japonicus var.

maritimus

(L.) Kartesz & Gandhi Beach-pea T 1

*(Lathyrus maritimus (L.)

Bigelow)

Lathyrus palustris L. Marsh vetchling T 1

Lespedeza frutescens (L.) Violet bush-cover T 1

Hornem

*(Lespedeza violacea auct.

non (L.) Pers)1

Lespedeza hirta (L.) Hornem. Hairy bush-clover T 4

Lupinus perennis L. Wild lupine E 6, A

Senna hebecarpa (Fern.)

Irwin & Barneby Wild senna T 1

FAGACEAE-BEECH FAMILY

Quercus ilicifolia Wangenh. Scrub oak E 4

Quercus prinoides Willd. Dwarf chinkapin oak E 7

GENTIANACEAE-GENTIAN FAMILY

Gentiana andrewsii Griseb. Fringe-top closed gentian T 1

Gentianella amarella (L.) Felwort T 1

Boerner

Gentianella quinquefolia (L.) Stiff gentian T 1

Small

HYDROPHYLLACEAE-

WATERLEAF FAMILY

Hydrophyllum canadense (L.) Broad-leaved waterleaf T 1

ISOETACEAE-QUILLWORT FAMILY

Isoetes engelmannii A. Braun Engelmann's quillwort T 1

JUNCACEAE-RUSH FAMILY

Juncus greenei Oakes & Tuckerm.Greene's rush E 4

Juncus militaris Bigelow Soldier rush E 4

Juncus secundus Beauv. ex Poir.Secund rush E 4

 

 

1/tLespedeza violacea (L.) Pers. is now what was formerly known as L. intermedia (S. Watts) Britton and is not listed

 

 

Scientific Name Common Name Status When

Listed

JUNICAGINACAE-ARROW-GRASS

FAMILY

Triglochin maritima L. Arrow-grass E 8

LAMIACEAE-MINT

FAMILY

Agastache nepetoides (L.) Yellow giant hyssop T 1

Kuntze

Agastache scrophulariaefolia Purple giant hyssop T 1

(Willd.) Kuntze

Blephilia hirsuta (Pursh.) Hairy wood-mint T 1

Benth.

Dracocephalum parviflorum Nutt.American dragonhead T 1

Physostegia virginiana (L.) Obedience T 1

Benth.

Pycnanthemum incanum (L.) Hoary mountain mint E 4

Michx.

LENTIBULARIACEAE-

BLADDERWORT FAMILY

Utricularia resupinata B.D. Northeastern bladder- T 1

Greene

ex Bigelow wort

LILIACEAE-LILY FAMILY

Allium canadense L. Wild garlic T 1

LYGODIACEAE-CLIMBING FERN

FAMILY

Lygodium palmatum (Bernh.) Sw. Climbing fern E 1

MELASTOMATACEAE-

MEADOW-BEAUTY FAMILY

Rhexia virginica L. Virginia meadow-beauty T 1

MORACEAE-MULBERRY FAMILY

Morus rubra L. Red mulberry T 1

NYMPHACEAE-WATER-LILY FAMILY

Nymphaea leibergii Morong. Pygmy water-lily E 7

ONAGRACEAE-EVENING PRIM-

ROSE FAMILY

Ludwigia polycarpa Short & Many-fruited E 1

Peter false-loosestrife

OPHIOGLOSSACEAE-ADDER'S-

TONGUE FAMILY

Botrychium minganense Vict. Mingan moonwort E 1

ORCHIDACEAE-ORCHID FAMILY

Aplectrum hyemale (Muhl. ex Putty-root T 1

Willd.) Nutt.

Torr.

Arethusa bulbosa L. Arethusa T 1

Calypso bulbosa (L.) Oakes Calypso T 1

Corallorhiza odontorhiza Autumn coral-root T 1

(Willd.)

Nutt

Cypripedium arietinum Ait. f. Ram's head lady's-slipper T 1

Isotria medeoloides (Pursh) Small whorled pogonia E 4

Raf.

Isotria verticillata (Muhl. ex Large whorled pogonia T 1

Willd.)

Raf.

Liparis lilifolia (L.) L.C. Lily-leaved twayblade T 1

Rich.

ex Lindl.

Listera auriculata Wieg. Auricled twayblade E 1

Listera australis Lindl. Southern twayblade E 1

Malaxis monophyllos var White adder's mouth T 1

brachypode (Gray) Morris &

Eames

*(Malaxis brachypoda (A. Gray)

Fern.)

Platanthera flava (L.) Lindl. Tubercled orchis T 1

Platanthera hookeri (Torr. ex Hooker's orchis T 1

Gray)

Lindl.

Triphora trianthophora (Sw.) Three-birds orchid T 1

Rydb.

OROBANCHACEAE-CANCER-ROOT

FAMILY

Castilleja septentrionalis Northern-painted-cup T 1

Lindl.

PAPAVERACEAE-POPPY FAMILY

Corydalis aurea Willd. Golden corydalis T 1

PINACEAE-PINE FAMILY

Pinus banksiana Lamb. Jack pine T 1

PLANTAGINACEAE-PLANTAIN

FAMILY

Hippuris vulgaris L. Mare's tail E 4

Veronicastrum virginicum Culver's-root E 1

(L.) Farw.

POACEAE-GRASS

FAMILY

Ammophila breviligulata ssp. Champlain beach grass E 1

champlainensis (Seymour)

Walker,

Paris, & Barrington

ex Bankworth

*(Ammophila champlainensis Sey-

mour)

Anthoxanthum monticola Alpine sweet-grass T 1

(Bigelow) Veldkamp

*(Hierochloe alpina (Swartz)

R. & S.)

Calamagrostis pickeringii A. Pickering's reed-grass E 8

Gray, Man.

Calamagrostis stricta ssp. Bentgrass E 4

inexpansa

(Gray) C.W. Greene

Glyceria acutiflora Torr. Sharp manna-grass E 4

Panicum flexile (Gattinger) Stiff witch-grass E 4

Scribn.

Piptatherum pungens Slender mountain-rice T 4

(Torr ex Spreng.) Dorn

*(Oryzopsis pungens (Torr.)

Hitchc.)

Sphenopholis nitida (Biehler) Shiny wedgegrass E 4

Scribn.

Sphenopholis obtusata (Michx.) Blunt spenopholis E 4

Scribn.

Sporobolus compositus (Poir.) Rough rush-grass E 1

Merr.

*(Sporobolus asper (Michx.)

Kunth)

Vulpia octoflora (Walt.) Rydb. Eight-flowered fescue E 4

POLEMONIACEAE-PHLOX FAMILY

Polemonium van-bruntiae Britt. Eastern Jacob's ladder T 1

POLYGONACEAE-BUCKWHEAT

FAMILY

Polygonum douglasii Greene Douglas' knotweed E 4

PRIMULACEAE-PRIMROSE FAMILY

Primula mistassinica Michx. Bird's-eye primrose T 1

PTERIDACEAE-MAIDENHAIR FERN

FAMILY

Adiantum viridimontanum Paris Green Mountain maid- T 5

enhair

Scientific Name Common Name Status When

Listed

RANUNCULACEAE-BUTTERCUP

FAMILY

Anemone multifida Poir. Early thimbleweed E 1

Hydrastis canadensis L. Golden-seal E 1

Ranunculus allegheniensis Allegheny buttercup T 4

Britt.

RHAMNACEAE-BUCKTHORN

FAMILY

Ceanothus herbaceus Raf. Prairie red-root E 1

ROSACEAE-ROSE FAMILY

Potentilla litoralis Rydb. Northern cinquefoil E 4

*(Potentilla pensylvanica L.

var.

bipinnatifida (Douglas) T. &

G.)

Prunus americana Marsh. Wild plum T 1

Rosa acicularis Lindl. Needle-spine rose E 4

RUBIACEAE-MADDER FAMILY

Galium labradoricum Wieg. Bog bedstraw T 1

SALICACEAE-WILLOW FAMILY

Salix plainifolia Pursh Tea-leaved willow T 1

Salix uva-ursi Pursh Bearberry willow E 1

SCHEUCHZIERIACEAE-SCHEUCHZERIA

FAMILY

Scheuchzeria palustria L. Pod-grass T 1

SPARGANIACEAE-BUR-REED

FAMILY

Sparganium nutans L. Lesser bur-reed T 4

SPHAGNACEAE-SPHAGNUM

FAMILY

Sphagnum subfulvum Sjors A peat moss E 3

*(Sphagnum nitidum Warnst.)

TOFIELDIACEAE-FALSE

ASPHODEL FAMILY

Triantha glutinosa (Michx.) Sticky false-asphodel T 1

Baker

*(Tofieldia gutinose (Michx.)

Baker)

ULMACEAE-ELM FAMILY

Ulmus thomasii Sarg. Rock elm T 8

VALERIANACEAE-VALERIAN

FAMILY

Valeriana uliginosa (Torr. & Marsh valerian E 1

Gray) Rydb.

VIOLACEAE-VIOLET FAMILY

Viola lanceolata L. Lance-leaved violet T 1

XYRIDACEAE-YELLOW-EYED

GRASS FAMILY

Xyris montana Ries Yellow-eyed grass T 1

6.3 AMPHIPODS

CRANGONYCTIDAE-A

GAMMARIDAE AMPHIPOD

FAMILY

Stygobromus borealis Taconic cave amphipod E 5

6.4 INSECTS

CICINDELIDAE-TIGER BEETLE

FAMILY

Cicindela hirticollis Beach-dune tiger T 5

beetle

Cicindela marginipennis Cobblestone tiger T 1

beetle

Cicindela puritana Puritan tiger beetle T 5

6.5 MOLLUSKS

MARGARITIFERIDAE-PEARL

MUSSEL FAMILY

Margaritifera margaritifera Eastern pearlshell T 5

UNIONIDAE-UNIONOID MUSSEL

FAMILY

Alasmidonta heterodon Dwarf wedge mussel E 4, A

Alasmidonta varicosa Brook floater T 5

Anodontoides ferussacianus Cylindrical papershell E 6

Lampsilis ovata Pocketbook E 6

Lasmigona costata Fluted-shell E 6

Leptodea fragilis Fragile papershell E 6

Ligumia recta Black sand shell E 6, B

Potamilus alatus Pink heelsplitter E 6

Pyganodon grandis Giant floater T 6

6.6 FISH

ACIPENSERIDAE-STURGEON

FAMILY

Acipenser fulvescens Lake sturgeon E 1

ICTALURIDAE-NORTH AMERICAN

FRESHWATER CATFISH FAMILY

Noturus flavus Stonecat E 5

PERCIDAE-PERCH FAMILY

Ammocrypta pellucida Eastern sand darter T 1

Percina copelandi Channel darter E 6

PETROMYZONTIDAE-LAMPREY

FAMILY

Ichthyomyzon fosser Northern brook lamprey E 4, A

Lampetra appendix American brook lamprey T 1

Scientific Name Common Name Status When

Listed

6.7 AMPHIBIANS

HYLIDAE-NEW WORLD TREE

FROG FAMILY

Pseudacris triseriata Striped chorus frog E 1

6.8 REPTILES

COLUBRIDAE-COLUBRID SNAKE

FAMILY

Coluber constrictor North American racer T 7

Pantherophis alleghaniensis Eastern ratsnake T 7

*(Elaphe obsoleta)

EMYDIDAE BOX TURTLE AND

POND TURTLE FAMILY

Clemmys guttata Spotted turtle E 6, C

SCINCIDAE-SKINK FAMILY

Plestiodon fasciatus

*(Eumeces fasciatus) Common five-lined skink E 1

TRONYCHIDAE-SOFTSHELL

TURTLE FAMILY

Apalone spinifera Spiny softshell T 1

VIPERIDAE-VIPER AND PIT

VIPER FAMILY

Crotalus horridus Timber rattlesnake E 1

6.9 BIRDS

ACCIPITRIDAE-HAWK AND

EAGLE FAMILY

Haliaeetus leucocephalus Bald eagle E 1

EMBERIZIDAE-AMERICAN

SPARROW AND RELATIVES

FAMILY

Ammodramus henslowii Henslow's sparrow E 1

Ammodramus savannarun Grasshopper sparrow T 6

LANIIDAE-SHRIKE FAMILY

Lanius ludovicianus Loggerhead shrike E 1

LARIDAE-GULL AND TERN FAMILY

Chlidonias niger Black tern T 7,B

Sterna hirindo Commom tern E 2, A

PHASIANIDAE-TURKEY, GROUSE,

PHESANT AND PARTRIDGE

FAMILY

Falcipennis canadensis Spruce grouse E 2

SCOPLOPACIDAE-SANPIPER,

SNIPE AND RELATIVES FAMILY

Bartramia longicauda Upland sandpiper T 7, A

TROGLODYTIDAE-WREN FAMILY

Cistothorus platensis Sedge wren E 6, A

6.10 MAMMALS

FELIDAE-CAT FAMILY

Puma concolor cougar Eastern mountain lion E 1

*Felis concolor cougar

Lynx canadensis Canada lynx E 1

MUSTELIDAE-WEASEL FAMILY

Martes americana American marten E 1

VESPERTILIONIDAE-VESPER-

TILIONID BAT FAMILY

Myotis leibii Eastern small-footed bat T 1

Myotis sodalis Indiana bat E 1

Myotis lucifugus Little brown bat E 9

Myotis septentrionalis Northern long-eared bat E 9

________ *Date listed: 1 = 04-13-87 2 = 07-30-88 3 = 06-23-89 4 = 11-09-91 5 = 12-07-94 6 = 03-18-99 7 = 04-23-05 8 = 02-16-11 9 = 07-15-11 A = listed as threaten on 04-13-87 B = listed as threaten on 12-07-94 C = listed as threaten on 06-23-89 *Synonym - indicates a name change from the previous Vermont Endangered and Threatened Species list

(Added 1989, Regulation of the Secretary Agency of Natural Resources, eff. June 23, 1989; amended 1991, Regulation of the Secretary of Agency of Natural Resources, eff. Nov. 9, 1991; amended 1995, Regulation of the Secretary of Agency of Natural Resources, eff. Dec. 7, 1994; amended 1999, Regulation of the Secretary of Agency of Natural Resources, eff. Mar. 18, 1999; 2005 Regulation of the Secretary of Agency of Natural Resources, eff. April 28, 2005; 2011 Regulation of the Secretary of Agency of Natural Resources, eff. July 15, 2011.)