2012 US Code
Title 22 - Foreign Relations and Intercourse
Chapter 32 - FOREIGN ASSISTANCE (§§ 2151 - 2443)
Subchapter I - INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT (§§ 2151 - 2296f)
Part II - Other Programs (§§ 2161 - 2220e)
Subpart iii - shelter and other credit guaranty programs (§§ 2181 - 2186)
Section 2181 - Policy
Publication Title | United States Code, 2012 Edition, Title 22 - FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE |
Category | Bills and Statutes |
Collection | United States Code |
SuDoc Class Number | Y 1.2/5: |
Contained Within | Title 22 - FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE CHAPTER 32 - FOREIGN ASSISTANCE SUBCHAPTER I - INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT Part II - Other Programs subpart iii - shelter and other credit guaranty programs Sec. 2181 - Policy |
Contains | section 2181 |
Date | 2012 |
Laws in Effect as of Date | January 15, 2013 |
Positive Law | No |
Disposition | standard |
Source Credit | Pub. L. 87-195, pt. I, §221, as added Pub. L. 91-175, pt. I, §105, Dec. 30, 1969, 83 Stat. 807; amended Pub. L. 92-226, pt. I, §103(a), Feb. 7, 1972, 86 Stat. 22; Pub. L. 93-189, §5(1), Dec. 17, 1973, 87 Stat. 717; Pub. L. 93-559, §7(1), Dec. 30, 1974, 88 Stat. 1796; Pub. L. 94-161, title III, §311(3), Dec. 20, 1975, 89 Stat. 861; Pub. L. 95-88, title I, §117(a)(1), Aug. 3, 1977, 91 Stat. 540; Pub. L. 95-424, title I, §115(a), Oct. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 950; Pub. L. 98-473, title I, §101(1) [title V, §541(a)], Oct. 12, 1984, 98 Stat. 1884, 1903. |
Statutes at Large References | 75 Stat. 429 76 Stat. 256 77 Stat. 381 78 Stat. 1009 79 Stat. 654 80 Stat. 798 81 Stat. 450, 941 82 Stat. 960 83 Stat. 807 86 Stat. 22 87 Stat. 717 88 Stat. 1796 89 Stat. 861 91 Stat. 540 92 Stat. 950 98 Stat. 1884 |
Public Law References | Public Law 87-195, Public Law 87-565, Public Law 88-205, Public Law 88-633, Public Law 89-171, Public Law 89-583, Public Law 90-137, Public Law 90-249, Public Law 90-554, Public Law 91-175, Public Law 92-226, Public Law 93-189, Public Law 93-559, Public Law 94-161, Public Law 95-88, Public Law 95-424, Public Law 98-473 |
Congressional Bill Reference | Unknown Value5119 98th Congress |
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The Congress recognizes that shelter, including essential urban development services, is among the most fundamental of human needs. Shelter for most people in the developing countries consists largely of domestic materials assembled by local labor. While recognizing that most financing for such shelter must come from domestic resources, the Congress finds that carefully designed programs involving United States capital and expertise can increase the availability of domestic financing for improved shelter and related services for low-income people by demonstrating to local entrepreneurs and institutions that providing low-cost shelter can be financially viable. The Congress reaffirms, therefore, that the United States should continue to assist developing countries in marshalling resources for low-cost shelter. Particular attention should be given to programs which will support pilot projects for low-cost shelter or which will have a maximum demonstration impact on local institutions and national policy. The Congress declares that the long run goal of all such programs should be to develop domestic construction capabilities and to stimulate local credit institutions to make available domestic capital and other management and technological resources required for effective low-cost shelter programs and policies.
(Pub. L. 87–195, pt. I, §221, as added Pub. L. 91–175, pt. I, §105, Dec. 30, 1969, 83 Stat. 807; amended Pub. L. 92–226, pt. I, §103(a), Feb. 7, 1972, 86 Stat. 22; Pub. L. 93–189, §5(1), Dec. 17, 1973, 87 Stat. 717; Pub. L. 93–559, §7(1), Dec. 30, 1974, 88 Stat. 1796; Pub. L. 94–161, title III, §311(3), Dec. 20, 1975, 89 Stat. 861; Pub. L. 95–88, title I, §117(a)(1), Aug. 3, 1977, 91 Stat. 540; Pub. L. 95–424, title I, §115(a), Oct. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 950; Pub. L. 98–473, title I, §101(1) [title V, §541(a)], Oct. 12, 1984, 98 Stat. 1884, 1903.)
CodificationAmendment by Pub. L. 98–473 is based on section 311(a) of H.R. 5119, Ninety-eighth Congress, as passed by the House of Representatives May 10, 1984, which was enacted into permanent law by Pub. L. 98–473.
Prior ProvisionsA prior section 221 of Pub. L. 87–195, pt. I, Sept. 4, 1961, 75 Stat. 429, as amended by Pub. L. 87–565, pt. I, §104(a), Aug. 1, 1962, 76 Stat. 256; Pub. L. 88–205, pt. I, §104(a), Dec. 16, 1963, 77 Stat. 381; Pub. L. 88–633, pt. I, §103(a), Oct. 7, 1964, 78 Stat. 1009; Pub. L. 89–171, pt. I, §104(a), (b), Sept. 6, 1965, 79 Stat. 654; Pub. L. 89–583, pt. I, §104(a), Sept. 19, 1966, 80 Stat. 798; Pub. L. 90–137, pt. I, §104(a), Nov. 14, 1967, 81 Stat. 450; Pub. L. 90–554, pt. I, §103, Oct. 8, 1968, 82 Stat. 960, related to general authority for foreign investment guaranties by the President, prior to the general reorganization of this subpart by Pub. L. 91–175, pt. I, §105, Dec. 30, 1969, 83 Stat. 807.
Amendments1984—Pub. L. 98–473 substituted “, including essential urban development services, is” for “requirements are” after “The Congress recognizes that shelter” and, in the remainder of the section substituted “shelter” for “housing” wherever appearing.
1978—Pub. L. 95–424 generally revised the statement of policy to clarify that in developing countries, financing, materials and labor for most housing must be obtained from local sources, while United States capital and technical expertise can increase the availability of housing and related services for low-income people by demonstrating financial viability of credit systems for low-cost housing.
1977—Pub. L. 95–88 struck out provisions that the total face amount of guaranties issued under this section outstanding at any one time not exceed $430,000,000 and added section 2182(c) of this title to the enumeration of sections setting out the conditions under which guaranties shall be issued.
1975—Pub. L. 94–161 substituted “$430,000,000” for “$355,000,000”.
1974—Pub. L. 93–559 substituted “$355,000,000” for “$305,000,000”.
1973—Pub. L. 93–189 substituted “$305,000,000” for “$205,000,000”.
1972—Pub. L. 92–226 substituted “$205,000,000” for “$130,000,000”.
Effective Date of 1978 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 95–424 effective Oct. 1, 1978, see section 605 of Pub. L. 95–424, set out as a note under section 2151 of this title.
Use of Funds From Sale of Notes for Discharge of Liabilities Under Guaranties; Transfer of Funds and Cancellation of Notes and InterestPub. L. 90–249, title I, §120, Jan. 2, 1968, 81 Stat. 941, provided that: “Hereafter, none of the funds obtained or authorized to be obtained from the sale of notes under authority of paragraph 111(c)(2) of the Economic Cooperation Act of 1948 [section 1509(c)(2) of this title] or paragraph 413(b)(4)(F) of the Mutual Security Act of 1954 [section 1933(b)(4)(F) of this title] may be used for the purposes of discharging liabilities under any guaranties (exclusive of informational media guaranties) issued under sections 221(b) and 224 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 [subsec. (b) of this section and section 2184 of this title], sections 202(b) and 413(b)(4) of the Mutual Security Act of 1954 [sections 1872(b) and 1933(b)(4) of this title] and section 111(b)(3) of the Economic Cooperation Act of 1948 [section 1509(b)(3) of this title]. Any portion of the funds in the reserve established pursuant to section 222(e) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 [section 2182(e) of this title] which are attributable to the funds realized from the sale of notes specified in the preceding sentence shall be transferred to the general fund of the Treasury. The Secretary of the Treasury shall cancel all such notes and sums owing and unpaid thereon, including interest to date of cancellation.”
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