1994 US Code
Title 26 - INTERNAL REVENUE CODE
CHAPTER 23 - FEDERAL UNEMPLOYMENT TAX ACT
Sec. 3304 - Approval of State laws

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§3304. Approval of State laws (a) Requirements

The Secretary of Labor shall approve any State law submitted to him, within 30 days of such submission, which he finds provides that—

(1) all compensation is to be paid through public employment offices or such other agencies as the Secretary of Labor may approve;

(2) no compensation shall be payable with respect to any day of unemployment occurring within 2 years after the first day of the first period with respect to which contributions are required;

(3) all money received in the unemployment fund shall (except for refunds of sums erroneously paid into such fund and except for refunds paid in accordance with the provisions of section 3305(b)) immediately upon such receipt be paid over to the Secretary of the Treasury to the credit of the Unemployment Trust Fund established by section 904 of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1104);

(4) all money withdrawn from the unemployment fund of the State shall be used solely in the payment of unemployment compensation, exclusive of expenses of administration, and for refunds of sums erroneously paid into such fund and refunds paid in accordance with the provisions of section 3305(b); except that—

(A) an amount equal to the amount of employee payments into the unemployment fund of a State may be used in the payment of cash benefits to individuals with respect to their disability, exclusive of expenses of administration;

(B) the amounts specified by section 903 (c)(2) of the Social Security Act may, subject to the conditions prescribed in such section, be used for expenses incurred by the State for administration of its unemployment compensation law and public employment offices;

(C) nothing in this paragraph shall be construed to prohibit deducting an amount from unemployment compensation otherwise payable to an individual and using the amount so deducted to pay for health insurance if the individual elected to have such deduction made and such deduction was made under a program approved by the Secretary of Labor;

(D) amounts may be deducted from unemployment benefits and used to repay overpayments as provided in section 303(g) of the Social Security Act;

(E) amounts may be withdrawn for the payment of short-time compensation under a plan approved by the Secretary of Labor; and

(F) amounts may be withdrawn for the payment of allowances under a self-employment assistance program (as defined in section 3306(t));

(5) compensation shall not be denied in such State to any otherwise eligible individual for refusing to accept new work under any of the following conditions:

(A) if the position offered is vacant due directly to a strike, lockout, or other labor dispute;

(B) if the wages, hours, or other conditions of the work offered are substantially less favorable to the individual than those prevailing for similar work in the locality;

(C) if as a condition of being employed the individual would be required to join a company union or to resign from or refrain from joining any bona fide labor organization;

(6)(A) compensation is payable on the basis of service to which section 3309(a)(1) applies, in the same amount, on the same terms, and subject to the same conditions as compensation payable on the basis of other service subject to such law; except that—

(i) with respect to services in an instructional, research, or principal administrative capacity for an educational institution to which section 3309(a)(1) applies, compensation shall not be payable based on such services for any week commencing during the period between two successive academic years or terms (or, when an agreement provides instead for a similar period between two regular but not successive terms, during such period) to any individual if such individual performs such services in the first of such academic years (or terms) and if there is a contract or reasonable assurance that such individual will perform services in any such capacity for any educational institution in the second of such academic years or terms,

(ii) with respect to services in any other capacity for an educational institution to which section 3309(a)(1) applies—

(I) compensation payable on the basis of such services may be denied to any individual for any week which commences during a period between 2 successive academic years or terms if such individual performs such services in the first of such academic years or terms and there is a reasonable assurance that such individual will perform such services in the second of such academic years or terms, except that

(II) if compensation is denied to any individual for any week under subclause (I) and such individual was not offered an opportunity to perform such services for the educational institution for the second of such academic years or terms, such individual shall be entitled to a retroactive payment of the compensation for each week for which the individual filed a timely claim for compensation and for which compensation was denied solely by reason of subclause (I),

(iii) with respect to any services described in clause (i) or (ii), compensation payable on the basis of such services shall be denied to any individual for any week which commences during an established and customary vacation period or holiday recess if such individual performs such services in the period immediately before such vacation period or holiday recess, and there is a reasonable assurance that such individual will perform such services in the period immediately following such vacation period or holiday recess,

(iv) with respect to any services described in clause (i) or (ii), compensation payable on the basis of services in any such capacity shall be denied as specified in clauses (i), (ii), and (iii) to any individual who performed such services in an educational institution while in the employ of an educational service agency, and for this purpose the term “educational service agency” means a governmental agency or governmental entity which is established and operated exclusively for the purpose of providing such services to one or more educational institutions,

(v) with respect to services to which section 3309(a)(1) applies, if such services are provided to or on behalf of an educational institution, compensation may be denied under the same circumstances as described in clauses (i) through (iv), and

(vi) with respect to services described in clause (ii), clauses (iii) and (iv) shall be applied by substituting “may be denied” for “shall be denied”, and

(B) payments (in lieu of contributions) with respect to service to which section 3309(a)(1) applies may be made into the State unemployment fund on the basis set forth in section 3309(a)(2);

(7) an individual who has received compensation during his benefit year is required to have had work since the beginning of such year in order to qualify for compensation in his next benefit year;

(8) compensation shall not be denied to an individual for any week because he is in training with the approval of the State agency (or because of the application, to any such week in training, of State law provisions relating to availability for work, active search for work, or refusal to accept work);

(9)(A) compensation shall not be denied or reduced to an individual solely because he files a claim in another State (or a contiguous country with which the United States has an agreement with respect to unemployment compensation) or because he resides in another State (or such a contiguous country) at the time he files a claim for unemployment compensation;

(B) the State shall participate in any arrangements for the payment of compensation on the basis of combining an individual's wages and employment covered under the State law with his wages and employment covered under the unemployment compensation law of other States which are approved by the Secretary of Labor in consultation with the State unemployment compensation agencies as reasonably calculated to assure the prompt and full payment of compensation in such situations. Any such arrangement shall include provisions for (i) applying the base period of a single State law to a claim involving the combining of an individual's wages and employment covered under two or more State laws, and (ii) avoiding duplicate use of wages and employment by reason of such combining;

(10) compensation shall not be denied to any individual by reason of cancellation of wage credits or total reduction of his benefit rights for any cause other than discharge for misconduct connected with his work, fraud in connection with a claim for compensation, or receipt of disqualifying income;

(11) extended compensation shall be payable as provided by the Federal-State Extended Unemployment Compensation Act of 1970;

(12) no person shall be denied compensation under such State law solely on the basis of pregnancy or termination of pregnancy;

(13) compensation shall not be payable to any individual on the basis of any services, substantially all of which consist of participating in sports or athletic events or training or preparing to so participate, for any week which commences during the period between two successive sport seasons (or similar periods) if such individual performed such services in the first of such seasons (or similar periods) and there is a reasonable assurance that such individual will perform such services in the later of such seasons (or similar periods);

(14)(A) compensation shall not be payable on the basis of services performed by an alien unless such alien is an individual who was lawfully admitted for permanent residence at the time such services were performed, was lawfully present for purposes of performing such services, or was permanently residing in the United States under color of law at the time such services were performed (including an alien who was lawfully present in the United States as a result of the application of the provisions of section 212(d)(5) of the Immigration and Nationality Act),

(B) any data or information required of individuals applying for compensation to determine whether compensation is not payable to them because of their alien status shall be uniformly required from all applicants for compensation, and

(C) in the case of an individual whose application for compensation would otherwise be approved, no determination by the State agency that compensation to such individual is not payable because of his alien status shall be made except upon a preponderance of the evidence;

(15) the amount of compensation payable to an individual for any week which begins after March 31, 1980, and which begins in a period with respect to which such individual is receiving a governmental or other pension, retirement or retired pay, annuity, or any other similar periodic payment which is based on the previous work of such individual shall be reduced (but not below zero) by an amount equal to the amount of such pension, retirement or retired pay, annuity, or other payment, which is reasonably attributable to such week except that—

(A) the requirements of this paragraph shall apply to any pension, retirement or retired pay, annuity, or other similar periodic payment only if—

(i) such pension, retirement or retired pay, annuity, or similar payment is under a plan maintained (or contributed to) by a base period employer or chargeable employer (as determined under applicable law), and

(ii) in the case of such a payment not made under the Social Security Act or the Railroad Retirement Act of 1974 (or the corresponding provisions of prior law), services performed for such employer by the individual after the beginning of the base period (or remuneration for such services) affect eligibility for, or increase the amount of, such pension, retirement or retired pay, annuity, or similar payment, and

(B) the State law may provide for limitations on the amount of any such a reduction to take into account contributions made by the individual for the pension, retirement or retired pay, annuity, or other similar periodic payment;

(16)(A) wage information contained in the records of the agency administering the State law which is necessary (as determined by the Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare in regulations) for purposes of determining an individual's eligibility for aid or services, or the amount of such aid or services, under a State plan for aid and services to needy families with children approved under part A of title IV of the Social Security Act, shall be made available to a State or political subdivision thereof when such information is specifically requested by such State or political subdivision for such purposes, and

(B) such safeguards are established as are necessary (as determined by the Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare in regulations) to insure that such information is used only for the purposes authorized under subparagraph (A);

(17) any interest required to be paid on advances under title XII of the Social Security Act shall be paid in a timely manner and shall not be paid, directly or indirectly (by an equivalent reduction in State unemployment taxes or otherwise) by such State from amounts in such State's unemployment fund; and

(18) all the rights, privileges, or immunities conferred by such law or by acts done pursuant thereto shall exist subject to the power of the legislature to amend or repeal such law at any time.

(b) Notification

The Secretary of Labor shall, upon approving such law, notify the governor of the State of his approval.

(c) Certification

On October 31 of each taxable year the Secretary of Labor shall certify to the Secretary of the Treasury each State whose law he has previously approved, except that he shall not certify any State which, after reasonable notice and opportunity for hearing to the State agency, the Secretary of Labor finds has amended its law so that it no longer contains the provisions specified in subsection (a) or has with respect to the 12-month period ending on such October 31 failed to comply substantially with any such provision in such subsection. No finding of a failure to comply substantially with any provision in paragraph (5) of subsection (a) shall be based on an application or interpretation of State law (1) until all administrative review provided for under the laws of the State has been exhausted, or (2) with respect to which the time for judicial review provided by the laws of the State has not expired, or (3) with respect to which any judicial review is pending. On October 31 of any taxable year, the Secretary of Labor shall not certify any State which, after reasonable notice and opportunity for hearing to the State agency, the Secretary of Labor finds has failed to amend its law so that it contains each of the provisions required by law to be included therein (including provisions relating to the Federal-State Extended Unemployment Compensation Act of 1970 (or any amendments thereto) as required under subsection (a)(11)), or has, with respect to the twelve-month period ending on such October 31, failed to comply substantially with any such provision.

(d) Notice of noncertification

If at any time the Secretary of Labor has reason to believe that a State whose law he has previously approved may not be certified under subsection (c), he shall promptly so notify the governor of such State.

(e) Change of law during 12-month period

Whenever—

(1) any provision of this section, section 3302, or section 3303 refers to a 12-month period ending on October 31 of a year, and

(2) the law applicable to one portion of such period differs from the law applicable to another portion of such period,

then such provision shall be applied by taking into account for each such portion the law applicable to such portion.

(f) Definition of institution of higher education

For purposes of subsection (a)(6), the term “institution of higher education” means an educational institution in any State which—

(1) admits as regular students only individuals having a certificate of graduation from a high school, or the recognized equivalent of such a certificate;

(2) is legally authorized within such State to provide a program of education beyond high school;

(3) provides an educational program for it which awards a bachelor's or higher degree, or provides a program which is acceptable for full credit toward such a degree, or offers a program of training to prepare students for gainful employment in a recognized occupation; and

(4) is a public or other nonprofit institution.

(Aug. 16, 1954, ch. 736, 68A Stat. 443; Aug. 10, 1970, Pub. L. 91–373, title I, §§104(a), 108(a), 121(a), 131(b)(2), 142(f)–(h), title II, §206, 84 Stat. 697, 701, 704, 707, 708, 712; Oct. 4, 1976, Pub. L. 94–455, title XIX, §§1903(a)(14), 1906(b)(13)(C), (E), 90 Stat. 1809, 1834; Oct. 20, 1976, Pub. L. 94–566, title I, §115(c)(1), (5), title III, §§312(a), (b), 314(a), title V, §506(b), 90 Stat. 2670, 2671, 2679, 2680, 2687; Apr. 12, 1977, Pub. L. 95–19, title III, §302(a), (c), (e), 91 Stat. 44, 45; Nov. 12, 1977, Pub. L. 95–171, §2(a), 91 Stat. 1353; Dec. 20, 1977, Pub. L. 95–216, title IV, §403(b), 91 Stat. 1561; Sept. 26, 1980, Pub. L. 96–364, title IV, §414(a), 94 Stat. 1310; Aug. 13, 1981, Pub. L. 97–35, title XXIV, §2408(a), 95 Stat. 880; Sept. 3, 1982, Pub. L. 97–248, title I, §193(a), 96 Stat. 408; Apr. 20, 1983, Pub. L. 98–21, title V, §§515(b), 521(a), 523(a), 97 Stat. 147, 148; Apr. 7, 1986, Pub. L. 99–272, title XII, §12401(b)(1), 100 Stat. 297; Oct. 22, 1986, Pub. L. 99–514, title XVIII, §1899A(43), 100 Stat. 2960; Nov. 29, 1990, Pub. L. 101–649, title I, §162(e)(4), 104 Stat. 5011; Nov. 15, 1991, Pub. L. 102–164, title III, §302(a), 105 Stat. 1059; July 3, 1992, Pub. L. 102–318, title IV, §401(a)(1), 106 Stat. 298; Dec. 8, 1993, Pub. L. 103–182, title V, §507(b)(1), 107 Stat. 2154; Dec. 8, 1994, Pub. L. 103–465, title VII, §702(b), (c)(1), 108 Stat. 4997.)

Amendment of Section

Pub. L. 103–465, title VII, §702(b), (c)(1), (d), Dec. 8, 1994, 108 Stat. 4997, provided that, applicable to payments made after Dec. 31, 1996, this section is amended as follows:

(1) Subsection (a)(4)(C) is amended by inserting after “health insurance” the following: “, or the withholding of Federal, State, or local individual income tax,”.

(2) Subsection (a) is amended by striking “and” at the end of par. (17), by redesignating par. (18) as (19), and by adding after par. (17) the following new par. (18) to read as follows:

(18) Federal individual income tax from unemployment compensation is to be deducted and withheld if an individual receiving such compensation voluntarily requests such deduction and withholding; and

For termination of amendment by section 507(e)(2) of Pub. L. 103–182, see Effective and Termination Dates of 1993 Amendment note below.

References in Text

The Social Security Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(4)(B), (D), (15)(A)(ii), (16)(A), (17), is act Aug. 14, 1935, ch. 531, 49 Stat. 620, as amended, which is classified generally to chapter 7 (§301 et seq.) of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare. Part A of title IV and title XII of the Social Security Act are classified generally to part A (§601 et seq.) of subchapter IV and subchapter XII (§1321 et seq.), respectively, of chapter 7 of Title 42. Sections 303(g) and 903(c)(2) of that Act is classified to sections 503(g) and 1103(c)(2), respectively, of Title 42. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1305 of Title 42 and Tables.

The Federal-State Extended Unemployment Compensation Act of 1970, referred to in subsecs. (a)(11) and (c), is Pub. L. 91–373, title II, Aug. 10, 1970, 84 Stat. 708, as amended, which is set out as a note below.

Section 212(d)(5) of the Immigration and Nationality Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(14)(A), is classified to section 1182(d)(5) of Title 8, Aliens and Nationality.

The Railroad Retirement Act of 1974, referred to in subsec. (a)(15)(A)(ii), is act Aug. 29, 1935, ch. 812, as amended generally by Pub. L. 93–445, title I, §101, Oct. 16, 1974, 88 Stat. 1305, which is classified generally to subchapter IV (§231 et seq.) of chapter 9 of Title 45, Railroads. For further details and complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Codification note set out preceding section 231 of Title 45, section 231t of Title 45, and Tables.

Amendments

1993—Subsec. (a)(4)(F). Pub. L. 103–182, §507(b)(1), (e)(2), temporarily added subpar. (F). See Effective and Termination Dates of 1993 Amendment note below.

1992—Subsec. (a)(4)(E). Pub. L. 102–318 added subpar. (E).

1991—Subsec. (a)(6)(A)(ii)(I). Pub. L. 102–164, §302(a)(1), substituted “may be denied” for “shall be denied”.

Subsec. (a)(6)(A)(iii), (iv). Pub. L. 102–164, §302(a)(2), which directed that “and” be struck out at end of cls. (iii) and (iv), could be executed only to cl. (iv) because “and” did not appear at end of cl. (iii).

Subsec. (a)(6)(A)(vi). Pub. L. 102–164, §302(a)(2), added cl. (vi).

1990—Subsec. (a)(14)(A). Pub. L. 101–649 struck out reference to section 203(a)(7) of Immigration and Nationality Act.

1986—Subsec. (a)(4)(D). Pub. L. 99–272 added subpar. (D).

Subsec. (a)(6)(A)(iii). Pub. L. 99–514 struck out “and” at end.

1983—Subsec. (a)(4)(C). Pub. L. 98–21, §523(a), added subpar. (C).

Subsec. (a)(6)(A)(ii)(I), (iii), (iv). Pub. L. 98–21, §521(a)(2), substituted “shall be denied” for “may be denied”.

Subsec. (a)(6)(A)(v). Pub. L. 98–21, §521(a)(1), added cl. (v).

Subsec. (a)(17), (18). Pub. L. 98–21, §515(b), added par. (17) and redesignated former par. (17) as (18).

1982—Subsec. (a)(6)(A)(ii). Pub. L. 97–248 redesignated existing provisions as provisions preceding subcl. (I) and subcl. (I), and in such provisions as so redesignated, struck out “(other than an institution of higher education)” after “capacity for an educational institution”, substituted “2” for “two”, and inserted “except that” at end of subcl. (I), and added subcl. (II).

1981—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 97–35 substituted provisions relating to limitations on certification on Oct. 31 of any taxable year, for provisions relating to limitations on certification on Oct. 31 of any taxable year after 1971, and on Oct. 31 of any taxable year after 1977.

1980—Subsec. (a)(15). Pub. L. 96–364 inserted provisions relating to applicability to any pension, retirement or retired pay, annuity, or other similar periodic payment.

1977—Subsec. (a)(6)(A)(i). Pub. L. 95–19, §302(c)(1), (2), inserted a comma between “instructional” and “research”, substituted “two successive academic years or terms” for “two successive academic years”, and struck out “and” after “the second of such academic years or terms,”.

Subsec. (a)(6)(A)(iii). Pub. L. 95–19, §302(c)(3), added cl. (iii).

Subsec. (a)(6)(A)(iv). Pub. L. 95–171 added cl. (iv).

Subsec. (a)(14)(A). Pub. L. 95–19, §302(a), substituted “who was lawfully admitted for permanent residence at the time such services were performed, was lawfully present for purposes of performing such services, or was permanently residing in the United States under color of law at the time such services were performed (including an alien who was” for “who has been lawfully admitted for permanent residence or otherwise is permanently residing in the United States under color of law (including an alien who is”.

Subsec. (a)(15). Pub. L. 95–19, §302(e), substituted “March 31, 1980” for “September 30, 1979”.

Subsec. (a)(16), (17). Pub. L. 95–216 added par. (16). Former par. (16) redesignated (17).

1976—Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 94–455, §§1903(a)(14)(A), 1906(b)(13)(C), inserted “of the Treasury” after “to the Secretary” and struck out “49 Stat. 640; 52 Stat. 1104, 1105;” before “42 U.S.C. 1104”.

Subsec. (a)(6)(A). Pub. L. 94–566, §115(c)(1), designated existing provisions as cl. (i), added cl. (ii), and in cl. (i) as so designated substituted “educational institution” for “institution of higher education”, “an agreement provides” for “the contract provides”, and “if such individual performs such services in the first of such academic years (or terms) and if there is a contract or reasonable assurance that such individual will perform services in any such capacity for any educational institution in the second of such academic years or terms, and” for “who has a contract to perform services in any such capacity for any institution or institutions of higher education for both of such academic years or both of such terms, and”.

Subsec. (a)(6)(B). Pub. L. 94–566, §506(b), substituted “section 3309(a)(1)” for “section 3309(a)(1)(A)”.

Subsec. (a)(12). Pub. L. 94–566, §312(a), substituted provisions that no person shall be denied compensation under such State law solely on the basis of pregnancy or termination of pregnancy for provisions that each political subdivision of the State should have the right to elect to have compensation payable to employees thereof (whose services were not otherwise subject to such law) based on service performed by such employees in the hospitals and institutions of higher education (as defined in section 3309(d)) operated by such political subdivision; and, if any such political subdivision did elect to have compensation payable to such employees thereof (A) the political subdivision elected should pay into the State unemployment fund, with respect to the service of such employees, payments (in lieu of contributions), and (B) such employees would be entitled to receive, on the basis of such service, compensation payable on the same conditions as compensation which was payable on the basis of similar service for the State which was subject to such law.

Subsec. (a)(13) to (16). Pub. L. 94–566, §314(a), added pars. (13) to (15) and redesignated former par. (13) as (16).

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 94–566, §312(b), provided that on Oct. 31 of any taxable year after 1977, the Secretary shall not certify any State which, after reasonable notice and opportunity for a hearing to the State agency, the Secretary of Labor finds has failed to amend its law so that it contains each of the provisions required by reason of the enactment of the Unemployment Compensation Amendments of 1976 to be included therein, or has with respect to the 12-month period ending on such Oct. 31, failed to comply substantially with any such provision.

Pub. L. 94–455, §§1903(a)(14)(B), 1906(b)(13)(C), (E), inserted “of the Treasury” after “certify to the Secretary”, substituted “the Secretary of Labor shall” for “the Secretary shall” and struck out “(10-month period in the case of October 31, 1972)” after “to the 12-month period”.

Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 94–566, §115(c)(5), added subsec. (f).

1970—Subsec. (a)(6) to (13). Pub. L. 91–373, §§104(a), 108(a), 121(a), 206, added pars. (6) to (12) and redesignated former par. (6) as (13).

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 91–373, §131(b)(2), clarified provisions governing procedure to be followed with respect to a finding of the Secretary of Labor that a state has failed to comply substantially with any of the provisions of subsec. (a)(5).

Pub. L. 91–373, §142(f), substituted “October 31” for “December 31” as certification date and “12-month period ending on such October 31” for “taxable year” and prohibited certifications for failure to amend State laws to contain provisions required by reason of enactment of the Employment Security Amendments of 1970.

Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 91–373, §142(g), substituted “If at any time” for “If, at any time during the taxable year,”.

Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 91–373, §142(h), added subsec. (e).

Change of Name

The Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare was redesignated the Secretary of Health and Human Services by section 3508(b) of Title 20, Education.

Effective Date of 1994 Amendment

Section 702(d) of Pub. L. 103–465 provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section, sections 3306 and 3402 of this title, and section 503 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare] shall apply to payments made after December 31, 1996.”

Effective and Termination Dates of 1993 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 103–182 effective Dec. 8, 1993, and to terminate 5 years after Dec. 8, 1993, see section 507(e) of Pub. L. 103–182, set out as a note under section 3306 of this title.

Effective Date of 1991 Amendment

Section 302(b) of Pub. L. 102–164 provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section] section shall apply in the case of compensation paid for weeks beginning on or after the date of the enactment of this Act [Nov. 15, 1991].”

Effective Date of 1990 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 101–649 effective Oct. 1, 1991, and applicable beginning with fiscal year 1992, see section 161(a) of Pub. L. 101–649, set out as a note under section 1101 of Title 8, Aliens and Nationality.

Effective Date of 1986 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 99–272 applicable to recoveries made on or after Apr. 7, 1986, and applicable with respect to overpayments made before, on, or after such date, see section 12401(c) of Pub. L. 99–272, set out as a note under section 503 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare.

Effective Date of 1983 Amendment

Section 521(b) of Pub. L. 98–21 provided that:

“(1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), the amendments made by this section [amending this section] shall apply in the case of compensation paid for weeks beginning on or after April 1, 1984.

“(2) In the case of a State with respect to which the Secretary of Labor has determined that State legislation is required in order to comply with the amendment made by this section, the amendment made by this section shall apply in the case of compensation paid for weeks which begin on or after April 1, 1984, and after the end of the first session of the State legislature which begins after the date of the enactment of this Act [Apr. 20, 1983], or which began prior to the date of the enactment of this Act and remained in session for at least twenty-five calendar days after such date of enactment. For purposes of the preceding sentence, the term ‘session’ means a regular, special, budget, or other session of a State legislature.”

Section 523(c) of Pub. L. 98–21 provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section and section 503 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare] shall take effect on the date of the enactment of this Act [Apr. 20, 1983].”

Effective Date of 1982 Amendment

Section 193(b) of Pub. L. 97–248, as amended by Pub. L. 99–514, §2, Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2095, provided that:

“(1) The amendment made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall apply to weeks of unemployment beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act [Sept. 3, 1982].

“(2) The amendment made by subsection (a) [amending this section], insofar as it requires retroactive payments of compensation to employees of educational institutions other than institutions of higher education (as defined in section 3304(f) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 [formerly I.R.C. 1954]), shall not be a requirement for any State law before January 1, 1984.”

Effective Date of 1980 Amendment

Section 414(b) of Pub. L. 96–364 provided that: “The amendment made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall apply to certifications of States for 1981 and subsequent years.”

Effective Date of 1977 Amendments

Amendment by Pub. L. 95–216 effective on Dec. 20, 1977, see section 403(d) of Pub. L. 95–216, set out as a note under section 602 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare.

Section 2(b) of Pub. L. 95–171 provided that: “The amendments made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall apply with respect to weeks of unemployment which begin after December 31, 1977.”

Section 302(d)(1) of Pub. L. 95–19 provided that: “The amendment made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall take effect as if included in the amendment made by section 314 of the Unemployment Compensation Amendments of 1976.”

Section 302(d)(3) of Pub. L. 95–19 provided that: “The amendments made by subsection (c) [amending this section] shall take effect as if included in the amendments made by section 115(c) of the Unemployment Compensation Amendments of 1976.”

Effective Date of 1976 Amendments

Section 115(d) of Pub. L. 94–566, as amended by Pub. L. 95–19, title III, §301(a), Apr. 12, 1977, 91 Stat. 43, effective Oct. 20, 1976, provided that:

“(1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), the amendments made by this section [amending this section and section 3309 of this title] shall apply with respect to certifications of States for 1978 and subsequent years; except that—

“(A) the amendments made by subsections (a) and (b) [amending section 3309 of this title] shall only apply with respect to services performed after December 31, 1977; and

“(B) the amendments made by subsection (c) [amending this section and section 3309 of this title] shall only apply with respect to weeks of unemployment which begin after December 31, 1977.

“(2) In the case of any State the legislature of which does not meet in a regular session which closes during the calendar year 1977, the amendments made by subsection (c) [amending this section and section 3309 of this title] shall only apply with respect to weeks of unemployment which begin after December 31, 1978 (or if earlier, the date provided by State law).”

Section 116(f) of Pub. L. 94–566, as amended by Pub. L. 99–514, §2, Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2095, provided that:

“Effective dates.—

“(1) Subsections (a), (c) and (d).—The amendments made by subsections (a), (c), and (d) [amending sections 202 and 205 of Pub. L. 91–373 and section 102 of Pub. L. 93–57 set out below, section 49d of Title 29, Labor, and section 1301 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare] shall take effect on the later of October 1, 1976, or the day after the day on which the Secretary of Labor approves under section 3304(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 [formerly I.R.C. 1954] an unemployment compensation law submitted to him by the Virgin Islands for approval.

“(2) Subsection (b).—The amendments made by subsection (b) [amending section 3306 of this title] shall apply with respect to remuneration paid after December 31 of the year in which the Secretary of Labor approves for the first time an unemployment compensation law submitted to him by the Virgin Islands for approval, for services performed after such December 31.

“(3) Subsection (e).—The amendments made by subsection (e) [amending sections 8501, 8503, 8504, 8521, and 8522 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees] shall apply with respect to benefit years beginning on or after the later of October 1, 1976, or the first day of the first week for which compensation becomes payable under an unemployment compensation law of the Virgin Islands which is approved by the Secretary of Labor under section 3304(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986.”

Section 312(c) of Pub. L. 94–566, as amended Pub. L. 95–19, title III, §301(b), Apr. 12, 1977, 91 Stat. 43, effective Oct. 20, 1976, provided that:

“(1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), the amendments made by this section [amending this section] shall apply with respect to certifications of States for 1978 and subsequent years.

“(2) In the case of any State the legislature of which does not meet in a regular session which closes during the calendar year 1977, the amendments made by this section [amending this section] shall apply with respect to the certification of such State for 1979 and subsequent years.”

Section 314(b) of Pub. L. 94–566 provided that: “The amendment made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall apply with respect to certifications of States for 1978 and subsequent years, or for 1979 and subsequent years in the case of States the legislatures of which do not meet in a regular session which closes in the calendar year 1977.”

Section 506(c) of Pub. L. 94–566, as amended Pub. L. 95–19, title III, §301(c), Apr. 12, 1977, 91 Stat. 44, effective Oct. 20, 1976, provided that:

“(1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), the amendments made by this section [amending this section and section 3309 of this title] shall apply with respect to certifications of States for 1978 and subsequent years, but only with respect to services performed after December 31, 1977.

“(2) In the case of any State the legislature of which does not meet in a regular session which closes during the calendar year 1977, the amendments made by this section [amending this section and section 3309 of this title] shall apply with respect to the certification of such State for 1979 and subsequent years, but only with respect to services performed after December 31, 1978.”

[Section 301(d) of Pub. L. 95–19 provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this Effective Date of 1976 Amendment note in three places] shall take effect on October 20, 1976.”]

Effective Date of 1970 Amendment

Section 104(d) of Pub. L. 91–373, as amended by Pub. L. 99–514, §2, Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2095, provided that:

“(1) Subject to the provisions of paragraph (2), the amendments made by subsections (a) and (b) [amending this section and enacting section 3309 of this title] shall apply with respect to certifications of State laws for 1972 and subsequent years, but only with respect to service performed after December 31, 1971. The amendment made by subsection (c) [amending section 3303 of this title] shall take effect January 1, 1970.

“(2) Section 3304(a)(6) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 [formerly I.R.C. 1954] (as added by subsection (a) of this section) shall not be a requirement for the State law of any State prior to July 1, 1972, if the legislature of such State does not meet in a regular session which closes during the calendar year 1971.”

Section 108(b) of Pub. L. 91–373, as amended by Pub. L. 99–514, §2, Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2095, provided that: “The amendment made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall apply with respect to certification of State laws for 1972 and subsequent years; except that section 3304(a)(12) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 [formerly I.R.C. 1954] (as added by subsection (a)) shall not be a requirement for the State law of any State prior to July 1, 1972, if the legislature of such State does not meet in a regular session which closes during the calendar year 1971, or prior to January 1, 1975, if compliance with such requirement would necessitate a change in the constitution of such State.”

Section 121(b) of Pub. L. 91–373, as amended by Pub. L. 99–514, §2, Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2095, provided that:

“(1) Subject to the provisions of paragraph (2), the amendments made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall take effect January 1, 1972, and shall apply to the taxable year 1972 and taxable years thereafter.

“(2) Paragraphs (7) through (10) of section 3304(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 [formerly I.R.C. 1954] (as added by subsection (a) of this section) shall not be requirements for the State law of any State prior to July 1, 1972, if the legislature of such State does not meet in a regular session which closes during the calendar year 1971.”

Amendment by section 142(f)–(h) of Pub. L. 91–373 applicable with respect to taxable year 1972 and taxable years thereafter, see section 142(i) of Pub. L. 91–373, set out as a note under section 3302 of this title.

Profiling of New Claimants for Regular Unemployment Compensation

Pub. L. 103–6, §4, Mar. 4, 1993, 107 Stat. 34, directed Secretary of Labor to establish program for encouraging adoption and implementation by all States of system of profiling all new claimants for regular unemployment compensation to determine which claimants might be likely to exhaust regular unemployment compensation and might need reemployment assistance services, directed Secretary to provide technical assistance and advice to States in development of model profiling systems and procedures for such systems and to provide to each State, from funds available for this purpose, such funds as determined necessary, and directed Secretary to report to Congress on operation and effectiveness of profiling systems adopted by States along with continuation and legislative recommendations, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 103–152, §4(e), Nov. 24, 1993, 107 Stat. 1518.

Treatment of Persian Gulf Crisis Reservists

Section 104 of Pub. L. 102–318 provided that: “If—

“(1) an individual who was a member of a reserve component of the Armed Forces was called for active duty after August 2, 1990, and before March 1, 1991,

“(2) such individual was receiving regular compensation, extended compensation, or a trade readjustment allowance for the week in which he was so called,

“(3) such individual served on such active duty for at least 90 consecutive days, and

“(4) such individual was entitled to regular compensation on the basis of his services on such active duty, but the weekly benefit amount was less than the benefit amount he received for the week referred to in paragraph (2),

such individual's weekly benefit amount under the Emergency Unemployment Compensation Act of 1991 [see section 101(d) of Pub. L. 102–164, set out below] for any week beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act [July 3, 1992] shall be not less than the benefit amount he received for the week referred to in paragraph (2).”

Study and Report by Federal Advisory Council on Suspension of Eligibility Requirements for Unemployment Benefits

Section 202(b)(2) of Pub. L. 102–318 directed Federal Advisory Council established under 42 U.S.C. 1108 to conduct a study of the provisions suspended by the amendment made by section 202(b)(1) of Pub. L. 102–318, enacting section 202(a)(7) of Pub. L. 91–373, set out below, and to submit, not later than Feb. 1, 1994, to Committee on Ways and Means of House of Representatives and Committee on Finance of Senate, a report of its recommendations on such suspended provisions.

Information Required With Respect to Taxation of Unemployment Benefits

Section 301 of Pub. L. 102–318 provided that:

“(a) Information on Unemployment Benefits.—

“(1) General rule.—The State agency in each State shall provide to an individual filing a claim for compensation under the State unemployment compensation law a written explanation of the Federal and State income taxation of unemployment benefits and of the requirements to make payments of estimated Federal and State income taxes.

“(2) State agency.—For purposes of this subsection, the term ‘State agency’ has the meaning given such term by section 3306(e) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986.

“(b) Effective Date.—The amendment made by subsection (a) shall take effect on October 1, 1992.”

Emergency Unemployment Compensation

Section 1 and titles I and II of Pub. L. 102–164, as amended by Pub. L. 102–182, §3(a)(1)–(6), Dec. 4, 1991, 105 Stat. 1234; Pub. L. 102–244, §§1(a), (b), 2, Feb. 7, 1992, 106 Stat. 3, 4; Pub. L. 102–318, title I, §§101(a)–(d), 102(a), 103(a), 107, July 3, 1992, 106 Stat. 290–293, 295; Pub. L. 103–6, §2(a)–(c), Mar. 4, 1993, 107 Stat. 33; Pub. L. 103–152, §§2(a)–(d), 3(a), Nov. 24, 1993, 107 Stat. 1516, 1517, provided that:

“SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

“This Act [enacting sections 1095a and 1096a of Title 20, Education, amending this section and sections 3301 and 6654 of this title, section 8521 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, sections 1077, 1078, and 1092 of Title 20, and section 1108 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, repealing section 1078–5 of Title 20, enacting provisions set out as notes under this section and sections 6402 and 6654 of this title, section 8521 of Title 5, section 502 of Title 42, and section 352 of Title 45, Railroads, and amending provisions set out as a note under section 6402 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Emergency Unemployment Compensation Act of 1991’.

“TITLE I—EMERGENCY UNEMPLOYMENT COMPENSATION PROGRAM “SEC. 101. FEDERAL-STATE AGREEMENTS.

“(a) In General.—Any State which desires to do so may enter into and participate in an agreement under this Act with the Secretary of Labor (hereafter in this Act referred to as the ‘Secretary’). Any State which is a party to an agreement under this Act may, upon providing 30 days written notice to the Secretary, terminate such agreement.

“(b) Provisions of Agreement.—Any agreement under subsection (a) shall provide that the State agency of the State will make payments of emergency unemployment compensation—

“(1) to individuals who—

“(A) have exhausted all rights to regular compensation under the State law,

“(B) have no rights to compensation (including both regular compensation and extended compensation) with respect to a week under such law or any other State unemployment compensation law or to compensation under any other Federal law (and are not paid or entitled to be paid any additional compensation under any State or Federal law), and

“(C) are not receiving compensation with respect to such week under the unemployment compensation law of Canada, and

“(2) for any week of unemployment which begins in the individual's period of eligibility (as defined in section 106(a)(2)).

“(c) Exhaustion of Benefits.—For purposes of subsection (b)(1)(A), an individual shall be deemed to have exhausted such individual's rights to regular compensation under a State law when—

“(1) no payments of regular compensation can be made under such law because such individual has received all regular compensation available to such individual based on employment or wages during such individual's base period, or

“(2) such individual's rights to such compensation have been terminated by reason of the expiration of the benefit year with respect to which such rights existed.

“(d) Weekly Benefit Amount.—For purposes of any agreement under this Act—

“(1) the amount of emergency unemployment compensation which shall be payable to any individual for any week of total unemployment shall be equal to the amount of the regular compensation (including dependents’ allowances) payable to such individual during such individual's benefit year under the State law for a week of total unemployment,

“(2) the terms and conditions of the State law which apply to claims for extended compensation and to the payment thereof shall apply to claims for emergency unemployment compensation and the payment thereof, except where inconsistent with the provisions of this Act or with the regulations or operating instructions of the Secretary promulgated to carry out this Act, and

“(3) the maximum amount of emergency unemployment compensation payable to any individual for whom an account is established under section 102 shall not exceed the amount established in such account for such individual.

“(e) Election by States; Weeks of Benefits During Phase-Out.—

“(1) Election by states.—Notwithstanding any other provision of Federal law (and if State law permits), the Governor of a State is authorized to and may elect to trigger off an extended compensation period in order to provide payment of emergency unemployment compensation to individuals who have exhausted their rights to regular compensation under State law. The preceding sentence shall not be applicable with respect to any extended compensation period which begins after February 5, 1994, nor shall the special rule in section 203(b)(1)(B) of the Federal-State Extended Unemployment Compensation Act of 1970 [section 203(b)(1)(B) of Pub. L. 91–373, set out below] (or the similar provision in any State law) operate to preclude the beginning of an extended compensation period after February 5, 1994, because of the ending of an earlier extended compensation period under the preceding sentence.

“(2) Weeks of benefits during phase-out.—Notwithstanding subsection (b)(1)(B) or any other provision of law, whenever an extended compensation period is beginning in a State after February 5, 1994, an individual, who is entitled to extended compensation in the new extended compensation period (whether or not the individual applies therefor) and also has remaining entitlement to emergency unemployment compensation under this Act, shall be entitled to compensation under the program in which the individual's monetary entitlement (as of the beginning of the first week of the extended compensation period) is the greater.

“SEC. 102. EMERGENCY UNEMPLOYMENT COMPENSATION ACCOUNT.

“(a) In General.—Any agreement under this Act shall provide that the State will establish, for each eligible individual who files an application for emergency unemployment compensation, an emergency unemployment compensation account with respect to such individual's benefit year.

“(b) Amount in Account.—

“(1) In general.—The amount established in an account under subsection (a) shall be equal to the lesser of—

“(A) 130 percent of the total amount of regular compensation (including dependents’ allowances) payable to the individual with respect to the benefit year (as determined under the State law) on the basis of which the individual most recently received regular compensation, or

“(B) the applicable limit times the individual's average weekly benefit amount for the benefit year.

“(2) Applicable limit.—For purposes of this section—

“(A) In general.—Except as otherwise provided in this paragraph—

“(i) In general.—

“(I) In the case of weeks beginning during a high unemployment period, the applicable limit is 33.

“(II) In the case of weeks not beginning in a high unemployment period, the applicable limit is 26.

“(ii) Reduction for weeks after june 13, 1992.—In the case of weeks beginning after June 13, 1992—

“(I) clause (i) of this subparagraph shall be applied by substituting ‘26’ for ‘33’, and by substituting ‘20’ for ‘26’, and

“(II) subparagraph (A) of paragraph (1) shall be applied by substituting ‘100 percent’ for ‘130 percent’.

“(iii) Reduction for weeks in 7-percent period.—In the case of weeks beginning in a 7-percent period—

“(I) clause (ii) of this subparagraph shall not apply,

“(II) clause (i) of this subparagraph shall be applied by substituting ‘15’ for ‘33’, and by substituting ‘10’ for ‘26’, and

“(III) subparagraph (A) of paragraph (1) shall be applied by substituting ‘60 percent’ for ‘130 percent’.

“(iv) Reduction for weeks in 6.8-percent period.—In the case of weeks beginning in a 6.8-percent period—

“(I) clauses (ii) and (iii) of this subparagraph shall not apply,

“(II) clause (i) of this subparagraph shall be applied by substituting ‘13’ for ‘33’, and by substituting ‘7’ for ‘26’, and

“(III) subparagraph (A) of paragraph (1) shall be applied by substituting ‘50 percent’ for ‘130 percent’.

“(v) 7-percent period; 6.8-percent period.—For purposes of this subparagraph—

“(I) A 7-percent period means a period which begins with the second week after the first week for which the requirements of subclause (II) are met and a 6.8 percent period means a period which begins with the second week after the first week for which the requirements of subclause (III) are met.

“(II) The requirements of this subclause are met for any week if the average rate of total unemployment (seasonally adjusted) for all States for the period consisting of the most recent 2-calendar month period (for which data are published before the close of such week) is at least 6.8 percent, but less than 7 percent.

“(III) The requirements of this subclause are met for any week if the average rate of total unemployment (seasonally adjusted) for all States for the period consisting of the most recent 2-calendar month period (for which data are published before the close of such week) is less than 6.8 percent.

In no event shall a 7-percent period occur after a 6.8-percent period occurs and a 6.8-percent period, once begun, shall continue in effect for all weeks for which benefits are provided under this Act.

“(vi) Reduction of weeks after october 2, 1993.—In the case of weeks beginning after October 2, 1993—

“(I) clause (i) of this subparagraph shall be applied by substituting ‘13’ for ‘33’ and by substituting ‘7’ for ‘26’,

“(II) clauses (ii), (iii), (iv), and (v) of this subparagraph shall not apply, and

“(III) subparagraph A of paragraph (1) shall be applied by substituting ‘50 percent’ for ‘130 percent’.

“(vii) Limitations on reductions.—In the case of an individual who is receiving emergency unemployment compensation for a week preceding the first week for which a reduction applies under clause (ii), (iii), (iv), or (vi) of this subparagraph, such reduction shall not apply to such individual for the first week of such reduction or any week thereafter for which the individual meets the eligibility requirements of this Act.

“(B) Applicable limit not reduced.—Except as provided in clauses (ii), (iii), (iv) and (vi) of subparagraph (A), an individual's applicable limit for any week shall in no event be less than the highest applicable limit in effect for any prior week for which emergency unemployment compensation was payable to the individual from the account involved.

“(C) Increase in applicable limit.—If the applicable limit in effect for any week is higher than the applicable limit for any prior week, the applicable limit shall be the higher applicable limit, reduced (but not below zero) by the number of prior weeks for which emergency unemployment compensation was paid to the individual from the account involved.

“(3) Reduction for extended benefits.—The amount in an account under paragraph (1) shall be reduced (but not below zero) by the aggregate amount of extended compensation (if any) received by such individual relating to the same benefit year under the Federal-State Extended Unemployment Compensation Act of 1970 [Pub. L. 91–373, title II, set out below].

“(4) Weekly benefit amount.—For purposes of this subsection, an individual's weekly benefit amount for any week is the amount of regular compensation (including dependents’ allowances) under the State law payable to such individual for such week for total unemployment.

“(c) High Unemployment Period.—For purposes of this section—

“(1) In general.—The term ‘high unemployment period’ means, with respect to any State, the period which—

“(A) begins with the third week after the first week for which the requirements of paragraph (2) are satisfied, and

“(B) ends with the third week after the first week for which the requirements of paragraph (2) are not satisfied.

“(2) Requirements.—For purposes of paragraph (1), the requirements of this paragraph are satisfied for any week if—

“(A) the adjusted rate of insured unemployment in the State for the period consisting of such week and the immediately preceding 12 weeks is at least 5 percent, or

“(B) the average rate of total unemployment in such State for the period consisting of the most recent 6-calendar month period (for which data are published before the close of such week) is at least 9 percent.

“[(d) Repealed. Pub. L. 102–244, §1(b)(4), Feb. 7, 1992, 106 Stat. 4.]

“(e) Special Rules.—

“(1) Minimum duration.—A high unemployment period shall last for not less than 13 weeks.

“(2) Notification by secretary.—When a determination has been made that a high unemployment period is beginning or ending with respect to a State, the Secretary shall cause notice of such determination to be published in the Federal Register.

“(f) Effective Date.—

“(1) In general.—Except as provided in paragraphs (2) and (3), no emergency unemployment compensation shall be payable to any individual under this Act for any week—

“(A) beginning before the later of—

“(i) November 17, 1991, or

“(ii) the first week following the week in which an agreement under this Act is entered into, or

“(B) beginning after February 5, 1994.

“(2) Transition.—In the case of an individual who is receiving emergency unemployment compensation for a week prior to or including February 5, 1994, emergency unemployment compensation shall continue to be payable to such individual for any week thereafter for which the individual meets the eligibility requirements of this Act. No compensation shall be payable by reason of the preceding sentence for any week beginning after April 30, 1994.

“(3) Reachback provisions.—

“(A) In general.—If any individual has a benefit year which ends after February 28, 1991, such individual shall be entitled to emergency unemployment compensation under this Act in the same manner as if such individual's benefit year ended no earlier than the last day of the first week following November 16, 1991.

“(B) Limitation of benefits.—In the case of an individual who has exhausted such individual's rights to both regular and extended compensation, any emergency unemployment compensation payable under subparagraph (A) shall be reduced in accordance with subsection (b)(3).

“(g) Transitional Rules.—

“(1) In general.—For purposes of determining whether a high unemployment period is in effect with respect to any State for the 1st week for which emergency unemployment compensation may be payable under this title in such State, this Act shall be treated as having been in effect for all weeks ending on or after October 19, 1991.

“(2) Special rules.—A high unemployment period shall begin in any State with the 1st week for which emergency unemployment compensation may be payable in such State under this title if, on the basis of information submitted to the Committee on Ways and Means of the House of Representatives by the Department of Labor on November 7, 1991, the requirements of subsection (c)(2) are satisfied by such State for the week which ends October 19, 1991.

“SEC. 103. PAYMENTS TO STATES HAVING AGREEMENTS FOR THE PAYMENT OF EMERGENCY UNEMPLOYMENT COMPENSATION.

“(a) General Rule.—There shall be paid to each State which has entered into an agreement under this Act an amount equal to 100 percent of the emergency unemployment compensation paid to individuals by the State pursuant to such agreement.

“(b) Treatment of Reimbursable Compensation.—No payment shall be made to any State under this section in respect of any compensation to the extent the State is entitled to reimbursement in respect of such compensation under the provisions of any Federal law other than this Act or chapter 85 of title 5, United States Code. A State shall not be entitled to any reimbursement under such chapter 85 in respect of any compensation to the extent the State is entitled to reimbursement under this Act in respect of such compensation.

“(c) Determination of Amount.—Sums payable to any State by reason of such State having an agreement under this Act shall be payable, either in advance or by way of reimbursement (as may be determined by the Secretary), in such amounts as the Secretary estimates the State will be entitled to receive under this Act for each calendar month, reduced or increased, as the case may be, by any amount by which the Secretary finds that the Secretary's estimates for any prior calendar month were greater or less than the amounts which should have been paid to the State. Such estimates may be made on the basis of such statistical, sampling, or other method as may be agreed upon by the Secretary and the State agency of the State involved.

“SEC. 104. FINANCING PROVISIONS.

“(a) In General.—Funds in the extended unemployment compensation account (as established by section 905 of the Social Security Act [42 U.S.C. 1105]) of the Unemployment Trust Fund shall be used for the making of payments to States having agreements entered into under this Act.

“(b) Certification.—The Secretary shall from time to time certify to the Secretary of the Treasury for payment to each State the sums payable to such State under this Act. The Secretary of the Treasury, prior to audit or settlement by the General Accounting Office, shall make payments to the State in accordance with such certification, by transfers from the extended unemployment compensation account (as established by section 905 of the Social Security Act [42 U.S.C. 1105]) to the account of such State in the Unemployment Trust Fund.

“(c) Assistance to States.—There are hereby authorized to be appropriated, without fiscal year limitation, such funds as may be necessary for purposes of assisting States (as provided in title III of the Social Security Act [42 U.S.C. 501 et seq.]) in meeting the costs of administration of agreements under this Act.

“(d) Authorization of Appropriations for Certain Payments.—There are authorized to be appropriated from the general fund of the Treasury, without fiscal year limitation, to the extended unemployment compensation account (as established by section 905 of the Social Security Act [42 U.S.C. 1105]) such sums as the Secretary estimates to be necessary to make the payments under this section in respect of—

“(1) compensation payable under chapter 85 of title 5, United States Code, and

“(2) compensation payable on the basis of services to which section 3309(a)(1) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 applies.

Amounts appropriated pursuant to the preceding sentence shall not be required to be repaid.

“(e) Transfer of Funds.—Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the Secretary of the Treasury shall transfer from the general fund of the Treasury (from funds not otherwise appropriated)—

“(1) to the extended unemployment compensation account (as established by section 905 of the Social Security Act [42 U.S.C. 1105]) such sums as are necessary to make payments to States under this Act by reason of the amendments made by sections 101 and 102 of the Unemployment Compensation Amendments of 1992 [sections 101 and 102 of Pub. L. 102–318, amending this Act], and

“(2) to the employment security administration account (as established by section 901 of the Social Security Act [42 U.S.C. 1101]) such sums as may be necessary for purposes of assisting States in meeting administrative costs by reason of the amendments made by sections 101, 102, 201, and 202 of the Unemployment Compensation Amendments of 1992 [sections 101, 102, 201, and 202 of Pub. L. 102–318, amending this Act and Pub. L. 91–373, set out below].

There is hereby appropriated from such accounts the sums referred to in the preceding sentence and such sums shall not be required to be repaid.

“SEC. 105. FRAUD AND OVERPAYMENTS.

“(a) In General.—If an individual knowingly has made, or caused to be made by another, a false statement or representation of a material fact, or knowingly has failed, or caused another to fail, to disclose a material fact, and as a result of such false statement or representation or of such nondisclosure such individual has received an amount of emergency unemployment compensation under this Act to which he was not entitled, such individual—

“(1) shall be ineligible for further emergency unemployment compensation under this Act in accordance with the provisions of the applicable State unemployment compensation law relating to fraud in connection with a claim for unemployment compensation, and

“(2) shall be subject to prosecution under section 1001 of title 18, United States Code.

“(b) Repayment.—In the case of individuals who have received amounts of emergency unemployment compensation under this Act to which they were not entitled, the State shall require such individuals to repay the amounts of such emergency unemployment compensation to the State agency, except that the State agency may waive such repayment if it determines that—

“(1) the payment of such emergency unemployment compensation was without fault on the part of any such individual, and

“(2) such repayment would be contrary to equity and good conscience.

“(c) Recovery by State Agency.—

“(1) In general.—The State agency may recover the amount to be repaid, or any part thereof, by deductions from any emergency unemployment compensation payable to such individual under this Act or from any unemployment compensation payable to such individual under any Federal unemployment compensation law administered by the State agency or under any other Federal law administered by the State agency which provides for the payment of any assistance or allowance with respect to any week of unemployment, during the 3-year period after the date such individuals received the payment of the emergency unemployment compensation to which they were not entitled, except that no single deduction may exceed 50 percent of the weekly benefit amount from which such deduction is made.

“(2) Opportunity for hearing.—No repayment shall be required, and no deduction shall be made, until a determination has been made, notice thereof and an opportunity for a fair hearing has been given to the individual, and the determination has become final.

“(d) Review.—Any determination by a State agency under this section shall be subject to review in the same manner and to the same extent as determinations under the State unemployment compensation law, and only in that manner and to that extent.

“SEC. 106. DEFINITIONS.

“(a) In General.—For purposes of this Act:

“(1) In general.—The terms ‘compensation’, ‘regular compensation’, ‘extended compensation’, ‘additional compensation’, ‘benefit year’, ‘base period’, ‘State’, ‘State agency’, ‘State law’, and ‘week’ have the respective meanings given such terms under section 205 of the Federal-State Extended Unemployment Compensation Act of 1970 [section 205 of Pub. L. 91–373, set out below].

“(2) Period of eligibility.—An individual's period of eligibility consists of any week which begins on or after November 17, 1991, and which (except as provided in section 102(f)(2)) begins before February 5, 1994; except that an individual shall not have any period of eligibility unless his benefit year ends on or after November 16, 1991.

“(3) Adjusted rate of insured unemployment.—The adjusted rate of insured unemployment for any period shall be determined in the same manner as the rate of insured unemployment is determined under section 203 of the Federal-State Extended Unemployment Compensation Act of 1970 [section 203 of Pub. L. 91–373, set out below]; except that individuals exhausting their rights to regular compensation during the most recent 3 calendar months for which data are available before the close of the period for which such rate is being determined shall be taken into account as if they were individuals filing claims for regular compensation for each week during the period for which such rate is being determined.

“(4) Rate of total unemployment.—The term ‘rate of total unemployment’ means, with respect to any period, the average unadjusted total rate of unemployment (as determined by the Secretary) for a State for such period.

“(b) Rounding.—For purposes of this Act, any rate determined under paragraph (3) or (4) of subsection (a) shall be rounded to the nearest 1/10th of a percent.

“TITLE II—DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM TO PROVIDE JOB SEARCH ASSISTANCE “SEC. 201. DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM TO PROVIDE JOB SEARCH ASSISTANCE.

“(a) General Rule.—The Secretary of Labor (hereafter in this title referred to as the ‘Secretary’) shall carry out a demonstration program under this title for purposes of determining the feasibility of implementing job search assistance programs. To carry out such demonstration program, the Secretary shall enter into agreements with 3 States which—

“(1) apply to participate in such program, and

“(2) demonstrate to the Secretary that they are capable of implementing the provisions of an agreement under this section.

“(b) Selection of States.—

“(1) In general.—In determining whether to enter into an agreement with a State under this section, the Secretary shall take into consideration at least—

“(A) the size, geography, and occupational and industrial composition of the State,

“(B) the adequacy of State resources to carry out a job search assistance program,

“(C) the range and extent of specialized services to be provided by the State to individuals covered by the agreement, and

“(D) the design of the evaluation to be applied by the State to the program.

“(2) Replication of prior demonstration project.—At least 1 of the States selected by the Secretary under subsection (a) shall be a State which has operated a successful demonstration project with respect to job search assistance under a contract with the Department of Labor. The demonstration program under this title of any such State shall, at a minimum, replicate the project it operated under such contract in the same geographic areas.

“(c) Provisions of Agreement.—Any agreement entered into with a State under this section shall—

“(1) provide that the State will implement a job search assistance program during the 1-year period specified in such agreement,

“(2) provide that such implementation will begin not later than the date 18 months after the date of the enactment of this Act [Nov. 15, 1991],

“(3) contain such provisions as may be necessary to ensure an accurate evaluation of the effectiveness of a job search assistance program, including—

“(A) random selection of eligible individuals for participation in the program and for inclusion in a control group, and

“(B) collection of data on participants and members of a control group as of the close of the 1-year period and 2-year period after the operations of the program cease,

“(4) provide that not more than 5 percent of the claimants for unemployment compensation under the State law shall be selected as participants in the job search assistance program, and

“(5) contain such other provisions as the Secretary may require.

“SEC. 202. JOB SEARCH ASSISTANCE PROGRAM.

“(a) General Rule.—For purposes of this title, a job search assistance program shall provide that—

“(1) eligible individuals who are selected to participate in the program shall be required to participate in a qualified intensive job search program after receiving compensation under such State law during any benefit year for at least 6 but not more than 10 weeks,

“(2) every individual required to participate in a job search program under paragraph (1) shall be entitled to receive an intensive job search program voucher, and

“(3) any individual who is required under paragraph (1) to participate in a qualified intensive job search program and who does not satisfactorily participate in such program shall be disqualified from receiving compensation under such State law for the period (of not more than 10 weeks) specified in the agreement under section 201.

“(b) Eligible Individual.—For purposes of this title—

“(1) In general.—The term ‘eligible individual’ means any individual receiving compensation under the State law during any benefit year if, during the 3-year period ending on the last day of the base period for such benefit year, such individual had at least 126 weeks of employment at wages of or more a week with such individual's last employer in such base period (or, if data with respect to weeks of employment with such last employer are not available, an equivalent amount of employment computed under regulations prescribed by the Secretary).

“(2) Exception.—Such term shall not include any individual if—

“(A) such individual has a definite date for recall to his former employment,

“(B) such individual seeks employment through a union hall or similar arrangement, or

“(C) the State agency—

“(i) waives the requirements of subsection (a)(1) for good cause shown by such individual, or

“(ii) determines that such participation would not be appropriate for such individual.

“(c) Qualified Intensive Job Search Program.—For purposes of this section, the term ‘qualified intensive job search program’ means any intensive job search assistance program which—

“(1) is approved by the State agency,

“(2) is provided by an organization qualified to provide job search assistance programs under any other Federal law, and

“(3) includes—

“(A) all basic employment services, such as orientation, testing, a job-search workshop, and an individual assessment and counseling interview, and

“(B) additional services, such as ongoing contact with the program staff, followup assistance, resource centers, and job search materials and equipment.

“(d) Intensive Job Search Voucher.—For purposes of this section, the term ‘intensive job search voucher’ means any voucher which entitles the organization (including the State employment service) providing the qualified intensive job search assistance program to a payment from the State agency equal to the lesser of—

“(1) the reasonable costs of providing such program, or

“(2) the average weekly benefit amount in the State.

“SEC. 203. ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS.

“(a) Financing Provisions.—

“(1) Payments to states.—There shall be paid to each State which enters into an agreement under section 201 an amount equal to the lesser of the reasonable costs of operating the job search assistance program pursuant to such agreement or the State's average weekly benefit amount for each individual selected to participate in the job search assistance program operated by such State pursuant to such agreement. Funds in the extended unemployment compensation account (as established by section 905 of the Social Security Act [42 U.S.C. 1105]) shall be used for purposes of making such payments.

“(2) Payments on calendar month basis.—There shall be paid to each State either in advance or by way of reimbursement, as may be determined by the Secretary, such sum as the Secretary estimates the State will be entitled to receive under this subsection for each calendar month, reduced or increased, as the case may be, by any sum by which the Secretary finds that the Secretary's estimates for any prior calendar month were greater or less than the amounts which should have been paid to the State. Such estimates may be made on the basis of such method as may be agreed upon by the Secretary and the State agency.

“(3) Certification.—The Secretary shall from time to time certify to the Secretary of the Treasury for payment to each State the sums payable to such State under this subsection. The Secretary of the Treasury, prior to audit or settlement by the General Accounting Office, shall make payment to the State in accordance with such certification, by transfers from the extended unemployment compensation account (as established by section 905 of the Social Security Act [42 U.S.C. 1105]) to the account of such State in the Unemployment Trust Fund.

“(4) Special rule.—Notwithstanding any other provision of law, amounts in the account of a State in the Unemployment Trust Fund may be used for purposes of making payments pursuant to intensive job search vouchers provided pursuant to an agreement under this title.

“(b) Reports to Congress.—

“(1) Interim reports.—The Secretary shall submit 2 interim reports to the Congress on the effectiveness of the demonstration program carried out under this title. The 1st such report shall be submitted before the date 2 years after operations under the demonstration program commenced and the 2d such report shall be submitted before the date 4 years after such commencement.

“(2) Final report.—Not later than the date 5 years after the commencement referred to in paragraph (1), the Secretary shall submit a final report to the Congress on the demonstration program carried out under this title. Such report shall include estimates of program impact, such as—

“(A) changes in duration of unemployment, earnings, and hours worked of participants,

“(B) changes in unemployment compensation outlays,

“(C) changes in unemployment taxes,

“(D) net effect on the Unemployment Trust Fund,

“(E) net effect on Federal unified budget deficit, and

“(F) net social benefits or costs of the program.

“(c) Definitions.—For purposes of this title, the terms ‘compensation’, ‘benefit year’, ‘State’, ‘State agency’, ‘State law’, ‘base period’, and ‘week’ have the respective meanings given such terms by section 106.”

[Section 2(e) of Pub. L. 103–152 provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending Pub. L. 102–164, set out above] shall apply to weeks of unemployment beginning after October 2, 1993.”]

[Section 3(b) of Pub. L. 103–152 provided that: “The repeal made by subsection (a) [amending Pub. L. 102–164, set out above] shall apply to weeks of unemployment beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act [Nov. 24, 1993]; except that such repeal shall not apply in determining eligibility for emergency unemployment compensation from an account established before October 2, 1993.”]

[Section 9(a) of Pub. L. 103–152 provided that: “Notwithstanding the provisions of section 3(b) of this Act [enacting provisions set out above], the repeal made by section 3(a) of this Act [amending Pub. L. 102–164, set out above] shall apply to weeks of unemployment beginning after October 2, 1993, except that such repeal shall not apply in determining eligibility for emergency unemployment compensation from an account established before October 3, 1993.”]

[Section 2(d) of Pub. L. 103–6 provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending Pub. L. 102–164, set out above] shall apply to weeks beginning after March 6, 1993.”]

[Section 5 of Pub. L. 103–6 provided that:

[“(a) Authorization.—There are authorized to be appropriated for nonrepayable advances to the account for ‘Advances to the Unemployment Trust Fund and Other Funds’ in Department of Labor Appropriations Acts (for transfer to the ‘extended unemployment compensation account’ established by section 905 of the Social Security Act [42 U.S.C. 1105]) such sums as may be necessary to make payments to the States to carry out the purposes of the amendments made by section 2 of this Act [amending Pub. L. 102–164, set out above].

[“(b) Use of Advance Account Funds.—The funds appropriated to the account for ‘Advances to the Unemployment Trust Fund and Other Funds’ in the Department of Labor Appropriation Act for Fiscal Year 1993 (Public Law 102–394) [106 Stat. 1794] are authorized to be used to make payments to the States to carry out the purposes of the amendments made by section 2 of this Act.”]

[Section 6 of Pub. L. 103–6 provided that: “Pursuant to sections 251(b)(2)(D)(i) and 252(e) of the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985 [2 U.S.C. 901(b)(2)(D)(i), 902(e)], the Congress hereby designates all direct spending amounts provided by this Act [see Short Title of 1993 Amendments note set out under section 1 of this title] (for all fiscal years) and all appropriations authorized by this Act (for all fiscal years) as emergency requirements within the meaning of part C of the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985 [2 U.S.C. 900 et seq.].”]

[Section 101(e) of Pub. L. 102–318 provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending Pub. L. 102–164, set out above] apply to weeks of unemployment beginning after June 13, 1992.”]

[Section 102(b) of Pub. L. 102–318 provided that:

[“(1) In general.—The amendment made by this section [amending Pub. L. 102–164, set out above] shall apply to weeks of unemployment beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act [July 3, 1992].

[“(2) Transition rules.—

[“(A) Waiver of recovery of certain overpayments.—On and after the date of the enactment of this Act, no repayment of any emergency unemployment compensation shall be required under section 105 of the Emergency Unemployment Compensation Act of 1991 (Public Law 102–164, as amended) if the individual would have been entitled to receive such compensation had the amendment made by subsection (a) applied to all weeks beginning on or before the date of the enactment of this Act.

[“(B) Waiver of rights to certain regular benefits.—If—

[“(i) before the date of the enactment of this Act, an individual exhausted his rights to regular compensation for any benefit year, and

[“(ii) after such exhaustion, such individual was not eligible to receive emergency unemployment compensation by reason of being entitled to regular compensation for a subsequent benefit year,

such individual may elect to defer his rights to regular compensation for such subsequent benefit year with respect to weeks beginning after such date of enactment until such individual has exhausted his rights to emergency unemployment compensation in respect of the benefit year referred to in clause (i), and such individual shall be entitled to receive emergency unemployment compensation for such weeks in the same manner as if he had not been entitled to the regular compensation to which the election applies.”]

[Section 103(b) of Pub. L. 102–318 provided that: “The amendment made by subsection (a) [amending Pub. L. 102–164, set out above] shall take effect on the date of the enactment of this Act [July 3, 1992].”]

[Section 1(c) of Pub. L. 102–244 provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending Pub. L. 102–164, set out above] shall apply to weeks of unemployment beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act [Feb. 7, 1992].”]

[Section 3(b) of Pub. L. 102–182 provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending Pub. L. 102–164, set out above, and provisions set out as a note under section 352 of Title 45, Railroads] shall apply as if included in the provisions of and the amendments made by the ‘Emergency Unemployment Compensation Act of 1991 [Pub. L. 102–164, see section 1 set out above].’ ”]

[Pub. L. 102–107, Aug. 17, 1991, 105 Stat. 541, which enacted the “Emergency Unemployment Compensation Act of 1991” containing provisions similar to those enacted by Pub. L. 102–164, set out above, did not become effective pursuant to section 10(b) of Pub. L. 102–207, which required certain action to have been taken by the President.]

Determination of Amount of Federal Share With Respect to Certain Extended Benefits Payments

Pub. L. 100–203, title IX, §9151, Dec. 22, 1987, 101 Stat. 1330–322, provided that: “For the purpose of determining the amount of the Federal payment to any State under section 204(a)(1) of the Federal-State Extended Unemployment Compensation Act of 1970 [section 204(a)(1) of Pub. L. 91–373, set out below] with respect to the implementation of paragraph (3) of section 202(a) of such Act [section 202(a) of Pub. L. 91–373, set out below] (as added by section 1024(a) of the Omnibus Reconciliation Act of 1980 [Pub. L. 96–499]), such paragraph shall be considered to apply only with respect to weeks of unemployment beginning after October 31, 1981, except that for any State in which the State legislature did not meet in 1981, it shall be considered to apply for such purpose only with respect to weeks of unemployment beginning after October 31, 1982.”

Demonstration Program To Provide Self-Employment Allowances for Eligible Individuals

Pub. L. 100–203, title IX, §9152, Dec. 22, 1987, 101 Stat. 1330–322, as amended by Pub. L. 100–647, title VIII, §8301, Nov. 10, 1988, 102 Stat. 3798, provided that:

“(a) In General.—The Secretary of Labor (hereinafter in this section referred to as the ‘Secretary’) shall carry out a demonstration program under this section for the purpose of making available self-employment allowances to eligible individuals. To carry out such program, the Secretary shall enter into agreements with three States that—

“(1) apply to participate in such program, and

“(2) demonstrate to the Secretary that they are capable of implementing the provisions of the agreement.

“(b) Selection of States.—(1) In determining whether to enter into an agreement with a State under this section, the Secretary shall take into consideration at least—

“(A) the availability and quality of technical assistance currently provided by agencies of the State to the self-employed;

“(B) existing local market conditions and the business climate for new, small business enterprises in the State;

“(C) the adequacy of State resources to carry out a regular unemployment compensation program and a program under this section;

“(D) the range and extent of specialized services to be provided by the State to individuals covered by such an agreement;

“(E) the design of the evaluation to be applied by the State to the program; and

“(F) the standards which are to be utilized by the State for the purpose of assuring that individuals who will receive self-employment assistance under this section will have sufficient experience (or training) and ability to be self employed.

“(2) The Secretary may not enter into an agreement with any State under this section unless the Secretary makes a determination that the State's unemployment compensation program has adequate reserves.

“(c) Provisions of Agreements.—Any agreement entered into with a State under this section shall provide that—

“(1) each individual who is an eligible individual with respect to any benefit year beginning during the three-year period commencing on the date on which such agreement is entered into shall receive a self-employment allowance;

“(2) self-employment allowances made to any individual under this section shall be made in the same amount, on the same terms, and subject to the same conditions as regular or extended unemployment compensation, as the case may be, paid by such State; except that—

“(A) State and Federal requirements relating to availability for work, active search for work, or refusal to accept suitable work shall not apply to such individual; and

“(B) such individual shall be considered to be unemployed for purposes of the State and Federal laws applicable to unemployment compensation, as long as the individual meets the requirements applicable under this section to such individual;

“(3) to the extent that such allowances are made to an individual under this section, an amount equal to the amount of such allowances shall be charged against the amount that may be paid to such individual under State law for regular or extended unemployment compensation, as the case may be;

“(4) the total amount paid to an individual with respect to any benefit year under this section may not exceed the total amount that could be paid to such individual for regular or extended unemployment compensation, as the case may be, with respect to such benefit year under State law;

“(5) the State shall implement a program that—

“(A) is approved by the Secretary;

“(B) will not result in any cost to the Unemployment Trust Fund established by section 904(a) of the Social Security Act [42 U.S.C. 1104(a)] in excess of the cost which would have been incurred by such State and charged to such Fund if the State had not participated in the demonstration program under this section;

“(C) is designed to select and assist individuals for self-employment allowances, monitor the individual's self-employment, and provide, as described in subsection (d), to the Secretary a complete evaluation of the use of such allowances; and

“(D) otherwise meets the requirements of this section; and

“(6) the State, from its general revenue funds, shall—

“(A) repay to the Unemployment Trust Fund any cost incurred by the State and charged to the Fund which exceeds the cost which would have been incurred by such State and charged to such Fund if the State had not participated in the demonstration program under this section; and

“(B) in any case in which any excess cost described in subparagraph (A) is not repaid in the fiscal year in which it was charged to the Fund, pay to the Fund an amount of interest, on the outstanding balance of such excess cost, which is sufficient (when combined with any repayment by the State described in subparagraph (A)) to reimburse the Fund for any loss which would not have been incurred if such excess cost had not been incurred.

“(d) Evaluation.—(1) Each State that enters into an agreement under this section shall carry out an evaluation of its activities under this section. Such evaluation shall be based on an experimental design with random assignment between a treatment group and a control group with not more than one-half of the individuals receiving assistance at any one time being assigned to the treatment group.

“(2) The Secretary shall use the data provided from such evaluation to analyze the benefits and the costs of the program carried out under this section, to formulate the reports under subsection (g), and to estimate any excess costs described in subsection (c)(6)(A).

“(e) Financing.—(1) Notwithstanding section 303(a)(5) of the Social Security Act [42 U.S.C. 503(a)(5)] and section 3304(a)(4) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, amounts in the unemployment fund of a State may be used by a State to make payments (exclusive of expenses of administration) for self-employment allowances made under this section to an individual who is receiving them in lieu of regular unemployment compensation.

“(2) In any case in which a self-employment allowance is made under this section to an individual in lieu of extended unemployment compensation under the Federal-State Extended Unemployment Compensation Act of 1970 [Pub. L. 91–373, title II, set out below], payments made under this section for self-employment allowances shall be considered to be compensation described in section 204(a)(1) of such Act and paid under State law.

“(f) Limitation.—No funds made available to a State under title III of the Social Security Act [42 U.S.C. 501 et seq.] or any other Federal law may be used for the purpose of administering the program carried out by such State under this section.

“(g) Report to Congress.—(1) Not later than three years after the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 22, 1987], the Secretary shall submit an interim report to the Congress on the effectiveness of the demonstration program carried out under this section. Such report shall include—

“(A) information on the extent to which this section has been utilized;

“(B) an analysis of any barriers to such utilization; and

“(C) an analysis of the feasibility of extending the provisions of this section to individuals not covered by State unemployment compensation laws.

“(2) Not later than six years after the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 22, 1987], the Secretary shall submit a final report to the Congress on such program.

“(h) Fraud and Overpayments.—(1) If an individual knowingly has made, or caused to be made by another, a false statement or representation of a material fact, or knowingly has failed, or caused another to fail, to disclose a material fact, and as a result of such false statement or representation or of such nondisclosure such individual has received payment under this section to which he was not entitled, such individual shall be—

“(A) ineligible for further assistance under this section; and

“(B) subject to prosecution under section 1001 of title 18, United States Code.

“(2)(A) If any person received any payment under this section to which such person was not entitled, the State is authorized to require such person to repay such assistance; except that the State agency may waive such repayment if it determines that—

“(i) the providing of such assistance or making of such payment was without fault on the part of such person; and

“(ii) such repayment would be contrary to equity and good conscience.

“(B) No repayment shall be required under subparagraph (A) until a determination has been made, notice thereof and an opportunity for a fair hearing has been given to the person, and the determination has become final. Any determination under such subparagraph shall be subject to review in the same manner and to the same extent as determinations under the State unemployment compensation law, and only in that manner and to that extent.

“(i) Definitions.—For purposes of this section—

“(1) the term ‘eligible individual’ means, with respect to any benefit year, an individual who—

“(A) is eligible to receive regular or extended compensation under the State law during such benefit year;

“(B) is likely to receive unemployment compensation for the maximum number of weeks that such compensation is made available under the State law during such benefit year;

“(C) submits an application to the State agency for a self-employment allowance under this section; and

“(D) meets applicable State requirements,

except that not more than (i) 3 percent of the number of individuals eligible to receive regular compensation in a State at the beginning of a fiscal year, or (ii) the number of persons who exhausted their unemployment compensation benefits in the fiscal year ending before such fiscal year, whichever is lesser, may be considered as eligible individuals for such State for purposes of this section during such fiscal year;

“(2) the term ‘self-employment allowance’ means compensation paid under this section for the purpose of assisting an eligible individual with such individual's self-employment; and

“(3) the terms ‘compensation’, ‘extended compensation’, ‘regular compensation’, ‘benefit year’, ‘State’, and ‘State law’, have the respective meanings given to such terms by section 205 of the Federal-State Extended Unemployment Compensation Act of 1970 [Pub. L. 91–373, set out below].”

Supplemental Unemployment Compensation for Certain Individuals

Section 12402 of Pub. L. 99–272 provided that:

“(a) In General.—If—

“(1) an individual was receiving Federal supplemental compensation for the week which includes March 31, 1985, or a series of consecutive weeks which began with such week, and

“(2) such individual did not meet the consecutive-week eligibility requirements of the Federal Supplemental Compensation Act of 1982 [subtitle A (§§601–606) of title VI of Pub. L. 97–248, set out below] during any period of 1 or more subsequent weeks by reason of performing temporary disaster services described in subsection (e),

weeks in such period shall be disregarded for purposes of the consecutive-week requirement of section 602(f)(2)(B) of such Act [section 602(f)(2)(B) of Pub. L. 97–248, set out below], and, notwithstanding the requirements of State law relating to the availability for work, the active search for work, or the refusal to accept work, such individual shall be entitled to payment of Federal supplemental compensation for each week of unemployment which is described in subsection (b) and for which a certification of unemployment is made by such individual in accordance with subsection (c).

“(b) Weeks for Which Payment Shall Be Made.—A week of unemployment for which payment shall be made under subsection (a) is a week which occurred during the period which commences with the first week beginning after the close of the period described in subsection (a)(2) and ends with the beginning of the first week in which the individual was employed after the close of such period.

“(c) Certification.—The certification of unemployment referred to in subsection (a) shall be a certification—

“(1) that is made on a form provided by the State agency concerned and signed by the individual; and

“(2) that identifies the weeks of unemployment for which the individual is making the certification.

“(d) Limitation on Amount of Payment.—In no case may the total amount paid to an individual under subsection (a) exceed the amount remaining in the account established for such individual under section 602(e) of the Federal Supplemental Compensation Act of 1982 [section 602(e) of Pub. L. 97–248, set out below] after payments were made from such account for weeks of unemployment beginning before the period described in subsection (a)(2).

“(e) Definition.—For purposes of subsection (a), the term ‘temporary disaster services’ means services performed as a member of the National Guard after being called up by the Governor of a State to perform services related to a major disaster that was declared on June 3, 1985, by the President of the United States under the Disaster Relief Act of 1974 [42 U.S.C. 5121 et seq.].

“(f) Modification of Agreement.—(1) The Secretary of Labor shall, at the earliest possible date after the date of the enactment of this Act [Apr. 7, 1986], propose to any State concerned a modification of the agreement that the Secretary has with such State under section 602 of the Federal Supplemental Compensation Act of 1982 [section 602 of Pub. L. 97–248, set out below] in order to carry out this section.

“(2) Pending modification of the agreement, the State may make payment in accordance with the provisions of this section and shall be reimbursed in accordance with the provisions of section 604(a) of the Federal Supplemental Compensation Act of 1982 [section 604(a) of Pub. L. 97–248, set out below]. For purposes of carrying out this paragraph, the term ‘this subtitle’ in such section 604(a) shall include this section.

“(g) Effective Date.—The provisions of this section shall apply to weeks beginning after March 31, 1985.”

Amortization Payments for States With Independent Retirement Plans From Funds for Increased Costs of Administration of Unemployment Compensation Laws; Changes in State Laws; Increased Claims; Salary Costs

Pub. L. 99–88, title I, §100, Aug. 15, 1985, 99 Stat. 344, provided that: “Whenever funds are made available, now or hereafter, in this or any other Act for the administration of unemployment compensation laws to meet increased costs of administration resulting from changes in a State law or increases in the number of unemployment insurance claims filed and claims paid or increased salary costs resulting from changes in State salary compensation plans embracing employees of the State generally over those upon which the State's basic allocation was based, which cannot be provided for by normal budgetary adjustment, amortization payments for States which had independent retirement plans prior to 1980 in their State Employment Security Agencies and States agencies administering the State's unemployment compensation law may be paid from such funds.”

Arrangements To Prevent Payments of Unemployment Compensation to Retirees and Prisoners

Pub. L. 98–135, title II, §206, Oct. 24, 1983, 97 Stat. 861, provided that:

“(a) The Secretary of Labor, the Director of the Office of Personnel Management, and the Attorney General are directed to enter into arrangements to make available to the States, computer or other data regarding current and retired Federal employees and Federal prisoners so that States may review the eligibility of these individuals for unemployment compensation, and take action where appropriate.

“(b) The Secretary of Labor shall report to the Congress, prior to January 31, 1984, on arrangements which have been entered into under subsection (a), and any arrangements which could be entered into with other appropriate State agencies, for the purpose of ensuring that unemployment compensation is not paid to retired individuals or prisoners in violation of law. The report shall include any recommendations for further legislation which might be necessary to aid in preventing such payments.”

Short-Time Compensation

Section 401(b)–(d) of Pub. L. 102–318 provided that:

“(b) Assistance in Implementing Programs.—In order to assist States in establishing and implementing short-time compensation programs—

“(1) the Secretary of Labor (hereinafter in this section referred to as the ‘Secretary’) shall develop model legislative language which may be used by States in developing and enacting short-time compensation programs and shall propose such revisions of such legislative language as may be appropriate, and

“(2) the Secretary shall provide technical assistance and guidance in developing, enacting, and implementing such programs.

The initial model legislative language referred to in paragraph (1) shall be developed not later than January 1, 1993.

“(c) Reports.—

“(1) Initial report.—Not later than January 1, 1995, the Secretary shall submit to the Congress a report on the implementation of this section. Such report shall include an evaluation of short-time compensation programs and shall contain such recommendations as the Secretary may deem advisable.

“(2) Subsequent reports.—After the submission of the report under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall submit such additional reports on the implementation of short-time compensation programs as the Secretary deems appropriate.

“(d) Definitions.—For purposes of this section [amending this section, section 3306 of this title, and section 503 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare]—

“(1) Short-time compensation program.—The term ‘short-time compensation program’ means a program under which—

“(A) individuals whose workweeks have been reduced by at least 10 percent are eligible for unemployment compensation;

“(B) the amount of unemployment compensation payable to any such individual is a pro rata portion of the unemployment compensation which would be payable to the individual if the individual were totally unemployed;

“(C) eligible employees are not required to meet the availability for work or work search test requirements while collecting short-time compensation benefits, but are required to be available for their normal workweek;

“(D) eligible employees may participate in an employer-sponsored training program to enhance job skills if such program has been approved by the State agency; and

“(E) there is a reduction in the number of hours worked by employees in lieu of imposing temporary layoffs.

“(2) State.—The term ‘State’ includes the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands.”

Section 194 of Pub. L. 97–248 provided that:

“(a) It is the purpose of this section to assist States which provide partial unemployment benefits to individuals whose workweeks are reduced pursuant to an employer plan under which such reductions are made in lieu of temporary layoffs.

“(b)(1) The Secretary of Labor (hereinafter in this section referred to as the ‘Secretary’) shall develop model legislative language which may be used by States in developing and enacting short-time compensation programs, and shall provide technical assistance to States to assist in developing, enacting, and implementing such short-time compensation program.

“(2) The Secretary shall conduct a study or studies for purposes of evaluating the operation, costs, effect on the State insured rate of unemployment, and other effects of State short-time compensation programs developed pursuant to this section.

“(3) This section shall be a three-year experimental provision, and the provisions of this section regarding guidelines shall terminate 3 years following the date of the enactment of this Act [Sept. 3, 1982].

“(4) States are encouraged to experiment in carrying out the purpose and intent of this section. However, to assure minimum uniformity, States are encouraged to consider requiring the provisions contained in subsections (c) and (d).

“(c) For purposes of this section, the term ‘short-time compensation program’ means a program under which—

“(1) individuals whose workweeks have been reduced pursuant to a qualified employer plan by at least 10 per centum will be eligible for unemployment compensation;

“(2) the amount of unemployment compensation payable to any such individual shall be a pro rata portion of the unemployment compensation which would be payable to the individual if the individual were totally unemployed;

“(3) eligible employees may be eligible for short-time compensation or regular unemployment compensation, as needed; except that no employee shall be eligible for more than the maximum entitlement during any benefit year to which he or she would have been entitled for total unemployment, and no employee shall be eligible for short-time compensation for more than twenty-six weeks in any twelve-month period; and

“(4) eligible employees will not be expected to meet the availability for work or work search test requirements while collecting short-time compensation benefits, but shall be available for their normal workweek.

“(d) For purposes of subsection (c), the term ‘qualified employer plan’ means a plan of an employer or of an employers’ association which association is party to a collective bargaining agreement (hereinafter referred to as ‘employers’ association’) under which there is a reduction in the number of hours worked by employees rather than temporary layoffs if—

“(1) the employer's or employers’ association's short-time compensation plan is approved by the State agency;

“(2) the employer or employers’ association certifies to the State agency that the aggregate reduction in work hours pursuant to such plan is in lieu of temporary layoffs which would have affected at least 10 per centum of the employees in the unit or units to which the plan would apply and which would have resulted in an equivalent reduction of work hours;

“(3) during the previous four months the work force in the affected unit or units has not been reduced by temporary layoffs of more than 10 per centum;

“(4) the employer continues to provide health benefits, and retirement benefits under defined benefit pension plans (as defined in section 3(35) of the Employee Requirement Income Security Act of 1974 [29 U.S.C. 1002(35)], to employees whose workweek is reduced under such plan as though their workweek had not been reduced; and

“(5) in the case of employees represented by an exclusive bargaining representative, that representative has consented to the plan.

The State agency shall review at least annually any qualified employer plan put into effect to assure that it continues to meet the requirements of this subsection and of any applicable State law.

“(e) Short-time compensation shall be charged in a manner consistent with the State law.

“(f) For purposes of this section, the term ‘State’ includes the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands.

“(g)(1) The Secretary shall conduct a study or studies of State short-time compensation programs consulting with employee and employer representatives in developing criteria and guidelines to measure the following factors:

“(A) the impact of the program upon the unemployment trust fund, and a comparison with the estimated impact on the fund of layoffs which would have occurred but for the existence of the program;

“(B) the extent to which the program has protected and preserved the jobs of workers, with special emphasis on newly hired employees, minorities, and women;

“(C) the extent to which layoffs occur in the unit subsequent to initiation of the program and the impact of the program upon the entitlement to unemployment compensation of the employees;

“(D) where feasible, the effect of varying methods of administration;

“(E) the effect of short-time compensation on employers’ State unemployment tax rates, including both users and nonusers of short-time compensation, on a State-by-State basis;

“(F) the effect of various State laws and practices under those laws on the retirement and health benefits of employees who are on short-time compensation programs;

“(G) a comparison of costs and benefits to employees, employers, and communities from use of short-time compensation and layoffs;

“(H) the cost of administration of the short-time compensation program; and

“(I) such other factors as may be appropriate.

“(2) Not later than October 1, 1985, the Secretary shall submit to the Congress and to the President a final report on the implementation of this section. Such report shall contain an evaluation of short-time compensation programs and shall contain such recommendations as the Secretary deems advisable, including recommendations as to necessary changes in the Statistical practices of the Department of Labor.”

Federal Supplemental Compensation Act of 1982

Subtitle A (§§601–606) of title VI of Pub. L. 97–248, as amended by Pub. L. 97–424, title V, §544(a), (d), Jan. 6, 1983, 96 Stat. 2196; Pub. L. 97–448, title III, §310(a), Jan. 12, 1983, 96 Stat. 2411; Pub. L. 98–21, title V, §§501, 502, 504, 505, Apr. 20, 1983, 97 Stat. 141, 144; Pub. L. 98–92, §1(a), Sept. 2, 1983, 97 Stat. 608; Pub. L. 98–118, §1, Oct. 11, 1983, 97 Stat. 803; Pub. L. 98–135, title I, §§101, 102, Oct. 24, 1983, 97 Stat. 857; Pub. L. 99–15, §1(a), (b), Apr. 4, 1985, 99 Stat. 37, provided that:

“short title

“Sec. 601. This subtitle may be cited as the ‘Federal Supplemental Compensation Act of 1982’.

“federal-state agreements

“Sec. 602. (a) Any State which desires to do so may enter into and participate in an agreement with the Secretary of Labor (hereinafter in this title referred to as the ‘Secretary’) under this subtitle. Any State which is a party to an agreement under this subtitle may, upon providing thirty days’ written notice to the Secretary, terminate such agreement.

“(b) Any such agreement shall provide that the State agency of the State will make payments of Federal supplemental compensation—

“(1) to individiuals [sic] who—

“(A) have exhausted all rights to regular compensation under the State law;

“(B) have no rights to compensation (including both regular compensation and extended compensation) with respect to a week under such law or any other State unemployment compensation law or to compensation under any other Federal law (and is not paid or entitled to be paid any additional compensation under any such State or Federal law); and

“(C) are not receiving compensation with respect to such week under the unemployment compensation law of Canada;

“(2) for any week of unemployment which begins in the individual's period of eligibility,

except that no payment of Federal supplemental compensation shall be made to any individual for any week of unemployment which begins more than two years after the end of the benefit year for which he exhausted his rights to regular compensation.

“(c) For purposes of subsection (b)(1)(A), an individual shall be deemed to have exhausted his rights to regular compensation under a State law when—

“(A) no payments of regular compensation can be made under such law because such individual has received all regular compensation available to him based on employment or wages during his base period; or

“(B) his rights to such compensation have been terminated by reason of the expiration of the benefit year with respect to which such rights existed.

“(d) For purposes of any agreement under this subtitle—

“(1) the amount of the Federal supplemental compensation which shall be payable to any individual for any week of total unemployment shall be equal to the amount of the regular compensation (including dependents’ allowances) payable to him during his benefit year under the State law for a week of total unemployment;

“(2) the terms and conditions of the State law which apply to claims for extended compensation and to the payment thereof shall apply to claims for Federal supplemental compensation and the payment thereof; except where inconsistent with the provisions of this subtitle or with the regulations of the Secretary promulgated to carry out this subtitle; and

“(3) the maximum amount of Federal supplemental compensation payable to any individual for whom an account is established under subsection (e) shall not exceed the lesser of (A) the amount established in such account for such individual, or (B) in the case of an individual filing a claim under the interstate benefit payment plan for Federal supplemental compensation, the amount which would have been established in such account if the amount established in such account were determined by reference to the applicable limit under subparagraph (A)(ii) of subsection (e)(2) applicable in the State in which the individual is filing such interstate claim under the interstate benefit payment plan for the week in which he is filing such claim.

Solely for purposes of paragraph (2), the amendment made by section 2404(a) of the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1981 [section 2404(a) of Pub. L. 97–35, enacting par. (5) of section 202(a) of Pub. L. 91–373, set out below] shall be deemed to be in effect for all weeks beginning on or after September 12, 1982.

“(e)(1) Any agreement under this subtitle with a State shall provide that the State will establish, for each eligible individual who files an application for Federal supplemental compensation, a Federal supplemental compensation account with respect to such individual's benefit year.

“(2)(A)(i) Except as provided in subparagraph (B), the amount established in such account shall be equal to the lesser of—

“(I) 55 per centum of the total amount of regular compensation (including dependents’ allowances) payable to the individual with respect to the benefit year (as determined under the State law) on the basis of which he most recently received regular compensation, or

“(II) the applicable limit times his average weekly benefit amount for his benefit year.

“(ii) For purposes of clause (i)—

“(I) in the case of an account from which Federal supplemental compensation was payable to an individual for a week beginning before October 19, 1983, the applicable limit shall be the applicable limit in effect in the State under this paragraph (as in effect on the day before the date of the enactment of the Federal Supplemental Compensation Amendments of 1983 [Oct. 24, 1983]) for the last week beginning before October 19, 1983, or

“(II) in the case of an account from which Federal supplemental compensation is first payable for a week beginning after October 18, 1983, the applicable limit shall be the applicable limit determined under the following table with respect to the first week for which Federal supplemental compensation is payable from such account:

“In the case of weeks during a:

The applicable limit is:

6-percent period

14

5-percent period

12

4-percent period

10

Low-unemployment period

8.

“(B) In the case of any account from which Federal supplemental compensation was first payable for a week which begins after March 31, 1983, and before October 19, 1983, the amount established in such account under subparagraph (A) shall be increased by the individual's additional entitlement. In no event shall such increase result in the individual's receiving more Federal supplemental compensation for weeks beginning after October 18, 1983, than the subparagraph (A) entitlement.

“(C) For purposes of subparagraph (B) and this subparagraph—

“(i) The term ‘additional entitlement’ means the lesser of—

“(I) 3/4 of the subparagraph (A) entitlement, or

“(II) the individual's average weekly benefit amount for the benefit year multiplied by the applicable limit determined under clause (ii).

“(ii) The applicable limit determined under this clause is—

“(I) 5 if all of the amount in the individual's Federal supplemental compensation account (determined without regard to subparagraph (B)) is payable to the individual for weeks beginning before October 18, 1983, and

“(II) in the case of an individual not described in subclause (I), 4 (2 if the State is in a 4-percent period or a low-unemployment period for the first week beginning after October 18, 1983).

“(iii) The term ‘subparagraph (A) entitlement’ means the amount which would have been established in the account if Federal supplemental compensation were first payable from such account for the first week beginning after October 18, 1983.

“(3)(A) For purposes of this subsection, the terms ‘6-percent period’, ‘5-percent period’, ‘4-percent period’, and ‘low-unemployment period’, mean, with respect to any State, the period which—

“(i) begins with the third week after the first week for which the applicable trigger is on, and

“(ii) ends with the second week after the first week for which the applicable trigger is off.

“(B)(i) In the case of a 6-percent period, 5-percent period, 4-percent period, or low-unemployment period, as the case may be, the applicable trigger is on for any week if—

“(I) the rate of insured unemployment in the State for the period consisting of such week and the immediately preceding 12 weeks falls within the applicable range, or

“(II) the rate of insured unemployment in the State for the period consisting of the last week beginning in the second calendar quarter ending before the week for which the trigger determination is being made and all weeks preceding such last week which began on or after January 1, 1982, equals or exceeds 5.5 percent in the case of a 6-percent period (or, in the case of a 5-percent period, equals or exceeds 4.5 percent but is less than 5.5 percent).

Subclause (II) shall not apply in the case of a 4-percent period or low-unemployment period.

“(ii) In the case of a 6-percent period, 5-percent period, 4-percent period, or low-unemployment period, as the case may be, the applicable trigger is off for any week if subclause (I) of clause (i) is not satisfied (or in the case of a 6-percent period or a 5-percent period, both subclauses (I) and (II) of clause (i) are not satisfied).

“(iii) In the case of any 5-percent period, 4-percent period, or low-unemployment period, as the case may be, notwithstanding clauses (i) and (ii), the applicable trigger shall be off for any week if the applicable trigger for a period with a higher applicable limit is on for such week.

“(C) For purposes of this paragraph, the applicable range is as follows:

“In the case of a:	The applicable range is:
6-percent period	A rate equal to or exceeding 6 percent.
5-percent period	A rate equal to or exceeding 5 percent but less than 6 percent.
4-percent period	A rate equal to or exceeding 4 percent but less than 5 percent.
Low-unemploy- ment period	A rate less than 4 percent.

“(D)(i) No 6-percent period, 5-percent period, 4-percent period, or low-unemployment period, as the case may be, which is in effect for the first week beginning after October 18, 1983, or any week thereafter, shall last for a period of less than 13 weeks beginning after October 18, 1983.

“(ii) The applicable limit in any State shall not be reduced or increased by more than 2 during any 13-week period beginning with the week for which such a reduction (or increase) would otherwise take effect. The preceding sentence shall not apply to any increase (or decrease) which takes effect for the first week beginning after October 18, 1983.

“(E) For purposes of this subsection—

“(i) The rate of insured unemployment for any period shall be determined in the same manner as determined for purposes of section 203 of the Federal-State Extended Unemployment Compensation Act of 1970 [section 203 of Pub. L. 91–373, set out below]; except that, for purposes of determining the rate of insured unemployment for the period described in subparagraph (B)(i)(II), the rate of insured unemployment shall be determined by reference to the average monthly covered employment under the State law for so much of such period as does not fall in the last 6 months thereof.

“(ii) The amount of an individual's average weekly benefit amount shall be determined in the same manner as determined for purposes of section 202(b)(1)(C) of such Act [section 202(b)(1)(C) of Pub. L. 91–373, set out below].

“(4) The amount of Federal supplemental compensation payable to an eligible individual shall not exceed the amount in such individual's account established under this subsection.

“(5)(A) Except as provided in subparagraph (B), the maximum amount of Federal supplemental compensation payable to an individual shall not be reduced by reason of any trade readjustment allowance to which the individual was entitled under the Trade Act of 1974.

“(B) If an individual received any trade readjustment allowance under the Trade Act of 1974 [19 U.S.C. 2101 et seq.] in respect of any benefit year, the maximum amount of Federal supplemental compensation payable under this subtitle in respect of such benefit year shall be reduced (but not below zero) so that (to the extent possible by making such a reduction) the aggregate amount of—

“(i) regular compensation,

“(ii) extended compensation,

“(iii) trade readjustment allowances, and

“(iv) Federal supplemental compensation,

payable in respect of such benefit year does not exceed the aggregate amount which would have been so payable had the individual not been entitled to any trade readjustment allowance.

“(f)(1) No Federal supplemental compensation shall be payable to any individual under an agreement entered into under this subtitle for any week beginning before whichever of the following is the later:

“(A) the week following the week in which such agreement is entered into; or

“(B) September 12, 1982.

“(2)(A) Except as provided in subparagraph (B), no Federal supplemental compensation shall be payable to any individual under an agreement entered into under this subtitle for any week beginning after March 31, 1985.

“(B) In the case of any individual who is receiving Federal supplemental compensation for the week which includes March 31, 1985, such compensation shall continue to be payable to such individual in accordance with subsection (e) for any week thereafter, in a period of consecutive weeks for each of which he meets the eligibility requirements of this Act.

“(g) The payment of Federal supplemental compensation shall not be denied to any recipient (who submits documentation prescribed by the Secretary) for any week because the recipient is in training or attending an accredited educational institution on a substantially full-time basis, or because of the application of State law to any such recipient relating to the availability for work, the active search for work, or the refusal to accept work on account of such training or attendance, unless the State agency determines that such training or attendance will not improve the opportunities for employment of the recipient.

“payments to states having agreements for the payment of federal supplemental compensation

“Sec. 603. (a) There shall be paid to each State which has entered into an agreement under this subtitle an amount equal to 100 per centum of the Federal supplemental compensation paid to individuals by the State pursuant to such agreement.

“(b) No payment shall be made to any State under this section in respect of compensation to the extent the State is entitled to reimbursement in respect of such compensation under the provisions of any Federal law other than this subtitle or chapter 85 of title 5 of the United States Code. A State shall not be entitled to any reimbursement under such chapter 85 in respect of any compensation to the extent the State is entitled to reimbursement under this subtitle in respect of such compensation.

“(c) Sums payable to any State by reason of such State's having an agreement under this subtitle shall be payable, either in advance or by way of reimbursement (as may be determined by the Secretary), in such amounts as the Secretary estimates the State will be entitled to receive under this subtitle for each calendar month, reduced or increased, as the case may be, by any amount by which the Secretary finds that his estimates for any prior calendar month were greater or less than the amounts which should have been paid to the State. Such estimates may be made on the basis of such statistical sampling, or other method as may be agreed upon by the Secretary and the State agency of the State involved.

“financing provisions

“Sec. 604. (a)(1) Funds in the extended unemployment compensation account (as established by section 905 of the Social Security Act) [42 U.S.C. 1105] of the Unemployment Trust Fund shall be used for the making of payments to States having agreements entered into under this subtitle.

“(2) The Secretary shall from time to time certify to the Secretary of the Treasury for payment to each State the sums payable to such State under this subtitle. The Secretary of the Treasury, prior to audit or settlement by the General Accounting Office, shall make payments to the State in accordance with such certification, by transfers from the extended unemployment compensation account (as established by section 905 of the Social Security Act) [42 U.S.C. 1105] to the account of such State in the Unemployment Trust Fund.

“(b) There are hereby authorized to be appropriated, without fiscal year limitation, to the extended unemployment compensation account, such sums as may be necessary to carry out the purposes of this subtitle. Amounts appropriated pursuant to the preceding sentence shall not be required to be repaid.

“(c) There are hereby authorized to be appropriated from the general fund of the Treasury, without fiscal year limitation, such funds as may be necessary for purposes of assisting States (as provided in title III of the Social Security Act) [42 U.S.C. 501 et seq.] in meeting the costs of administration of agreements under this subtitle.

“definitions

“Sec. 605. For purposes of this subtitle—

“(1) the terms ‘compensation’, ‘regular compensation’, ‘extended compensation’, ‘base period’, ‘benefit year’, ‘State’, ‘State agency’, ‘State law’, and ‘week’ shall have the meanings assigned to them under section 205 of the Federal-State Extended Unemployment Compensation Act of 1970 [section 205 of Pub. L. 91–373, set out below]; and

“(2) the term ‘period of eligibility’ means, with respect to any individual, any week which begins on or after September 12, 1982, and begins before April 1, 1985 (except as otherwise provided in section 602(f)(2)(B)); except that an individual shall not have a period of eligibility unless—

“(A) his benefit year ends on or after June 1, 1982, or

“(B) such individual was entitled to extended compensation for a week which begins on or after June 1, 1982.

“fraud and overpayments

“Sec. 606. (a)(1) If an individual knowingly has made, or caused to be made by another, a false statement or representation of a material fact, or knowingly has failed, or caused another to fail, to disclose a material fact, and as a result of such false statement or representation or of such nondisclosure such individual has received an amount of Federal supplemental compensation under this subtitle to which he was not entitled, such individual—

“(A) shall be ineligible for further Federal supplemental compensation under this subtitle in accordance with the provisions of the applicable State unemployment compensation law relating to fraud in connection with a claim for unemployment compensation; and

“(B) shall be subject to prosecution under section 1001 of title 18, United States Code.

“(2)(A) In the case of individuals who have received amounts of Federal supplemental compensation under this subtitle to which they were not entitled, the State is authorized to require such individuals to repay the amounts of such Federal supplemental compensation to the State agency, except that the State agency may waive such repayment if it determines that—

“(i) the payment of such Federal Supplemental compensation was without fault on the part of any such individual, and

“(ii) such repayment would be contrary to equity and good conscience.

“(B) The State agency may recover the amount to be repaid, or any part thereof, by deductions from any Federal supplemental compensation payable to such individual under this subtitle or from any unemployment compensation payable to such individual under any Federal unemployment compensation law administered by the State agency or under any other Federal law administered by the State agency which provides for the payment of any assistance or allowance with respect to any week of unemployment, during the three-year period after the date such individuals received the payment of the Federal supplemental compensation to which they were not entitled, except that no single deduction may exceed 50 per centum of the weekly benefit amount from which such deduction is made.

“(C) No repayment shall be required, and no deduction shall be made, until a determination has been made, notice thereof and an opportunity for a fair hearing has been given to the individual, and the determination has become final.

“(3) Any determination by a State agency under paragraph (1) or (2) shall be subject to review in the same manner and to the same extent as determinations under the State unemployment compensation law, and only in that manner and to that extent.”

[Pub. L. 98–135, §1, 97 Stat. 857, provided that: “This Act [amending section 3306 of this title and sections 1323 and 1397b of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, enacting provisions set out as notes under this section, section 3306 of this title, and section 1323 of Title 42, and amending provisions set out as notes under this section] may be cited as the ‘Federal Supplemental Compensation Amendments of 1983’.”]

[Section 103 of title I of Pub. L. 98–135 provided that:

[“(a) General Rule.—The amendments made by this title [amending sections 602(d)(3), (e)(2), (3), (f)(2) and 605(2) of Pub. L. 97–248, set out above] shall apply to weeks beginning after October 18, 1983.

[“(b) Transitional Rule.—In the case of any eligible individual who exhausted his rights to Federal supplemental compensation (by reason of the payment of all of the amount in his Federal supplemental compensation account) before the first week beginning after October 18, 1983, such individual's eligibility for additional weeks of compensation by reason of the amendments made by this title [amending sections 602(d)(3), (e)(2), (3), (f)(2) and 605(2) of Pub. L. 97–248, set out above] shall not be limited or terminated by reason of any event, or failure to meet any requirement of law relating to eligibility for unemployment compensation, occurring after the date of such exhaustion of rights and before the beginning of the first week beginning after October 18, 1983 (and the period after such exhaustion and before the beginning of such first week shall not be counted for purposes of determining the expiration of the two years following the end of his benefit year for purposes of section 602(b) of the Federal Supplemental Compensation Act of 1982 [section 602(b) of Pub. L. 97–248, set out above]).

[“(c) Modification of Agreements.—The Secretary of Labor shall, at the earliest practicable date, after the date of the enactment of this Act [Oct. 24, 1983], propose to each State with which he has in effect an agreement under section 602 of the Federal Supplemental Compensation Act of 1982 [section 602 of Pub. L. 97–248, set out above] a modification of such agreement designed to provide for the payment of Federal supplemental compensation under such Act in accordance with the amendments made by this title [amending sections 602(d)(3), (e)(2), (3), (f)(2) and 605(2) of Pub. L. 97–248, set out above]. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, if any State fails or refuses within the three-week period beginning on the date the Secretary of Labor proposes such modification to such State, to enter into such modification of such agreement, the Secretary of Labor shall terminate such agreement effective with the end of the last week which ends on or before the close of such three-week period.

[“(d) New Periods Begin With First Week After October 18, 1983.—For purposes of determining whether any 6-percent period, 5-percent period, 4-percent period, or low-unemployment period is in effect during weeks beginning after October 18, 1983, the amendments made by this title [amending sections 602(d)(3), (e)(2), (3), (f)(2) and 605(2) of Pub. L. 97–248, set out above] shall be treated as in effect during all periods before the first week beginning after October 18, 1983.”]

[Section 1(b)–(d) of Pub. L. 98–92 provided that:

[“(b) The amendment made by subsection (a) [amending section 602(e)(2) of Pub. L. 97–248, set out above] shall apply to weeks beginning after July 24, 1983.

[“(c)(1) In the case of an account established before the week beginning June 5, 1983, the applicable limit under section 602(e)(2)(A)(ii) of the Federal Supplemental Compensation Act of 1982 [section 602(e)(2)(A)(ii) of Pub. L. 97–248, set out above] shall in no event be less than the number of weeks applicable to such State for the week beginning March 27, 1983, under section 602(e)(2) of such Act (as in effect for such week) reduced by four.

[“(2) Paragraph (1) shall apply only to compensation for weeks of unemployment beginning on or after the date of the enactment of this Act [Sept. 2, 1983].

[“(d) In the case of any eligible individual who (without regard to the amendment made by subsection (a) [amending section 602(e)(2) of Pub. L. 97–248, set out above] or the provisions of subsection (c)) exhausted his rights to Federal supplemental compensation (by reason of the payment of all of the amount in his Federal supplemental compensation account) before the first week beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act [Sept. 2, 1983], such individual's eligibility for additional compensation by reason of the amendment made by subsection (a) or the provisions of subsection (c) for any week of unemployment shall not be limited or terminated by reason of any event, or failure to meet any requirement of law relating to eligibility for unemployment compensation, occurring after the date of such exhaustion of rights and before the beginning of the first week beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act.”]

[Section 544(b) of Pub. L. 97–424 provided that: “The amendments made by subsection (a) [enacting section 602(e)(2)(B)–(F), (3) and amending section 602(e)(2)(A) of Pub. L. 97–248, set out above] shall apply to Federal supplemental compensation payable for weeks beginning on or after the date of the enactment of this Act [Jan. 6, 1983]. In the case of any eligible individual to whom any Federal supplemental compensation was payable for any week beginning prior to such date of enactment and who exhausted his rights to such compensation (by reason of the payment of all the amount in his Federal supplemental compensation account) prior to the first week beginning on or after such date of enactment, such individual's eligibility for additional weeks of compensation by reason of the amendments made by this section shall not be limited or terminated by reason of any event, or failure to meet any requirement of law relating to eligibility for unemployment compensation, occurring after the date of such exhaustion of rights and prior to the date of the enactment of this Act [Jan. 6, 1983] (and such weeks shall not be counted for purposes of determining the expiration of the two years following the end of his benefit year for purposes of section 602(b) of the Tax Equity and Fiscal Responsibility Act of 1982) [Pub. L. 97–248].”]

[Pub. L. 97–448, title III, §310(b), Jan. 12, 1983, 96 Stat. 2411, provided that: “The amendment made by subsection (a) [enacting section 602(d)(3) of Pub. L. 97–248, set out above] shall be effective as if it had been originally included in section 602 of the Tax Equity and Fiscal Responsibility Act of 1982 [section 602 of Pub. L. 97–248, set out above].”]

[Section 503 of part A (§§501–505) of title V of Pub. L. 98–21 provided that:

[“(a) The amendments made by this part [enacting section 602(e)(2), (3), (5), (g) and amending sections 602(d)(3), (e)(4), (f)(2) and 605(2) of Pub. L. 97–248, set out above] shall apply to weeks beginning after March 31, 1983.

[“(b) In the case of any eligible individual—

[“(1) to whom any Federal supplemental compensation was payable for any week beginning before April 1, 1983, and

[“(2) who exhausted his rights to such compensation (by reason of the payment of all the amount in his Federal supplemental compensation account) before the first week beginning after March 31, 1983,

such individual's eligibility for additional weeks of compensation by reason of the amendments made by this part shall not be limited or terminated by reason of any event, or failure to meet any requirement of law relating to eligibility for unemployment compensation, occurring after the date of such exhaustion of rights and before April 1, 1983 (and the period after such exhaustion and before April 1, 1983, shall not be counted for purposes of determining the expiration of the two years following the end of his benefit year for purposes of section 602(b) of the Federal Supplemental Compensation Act of 1982 [section 602(b) of Pub. L. 97–248, set out above]).

[“(c) The Secretary of Labor shall, at the earliest practicable date after the date of the enactment of this Act [Apr. 20, 1983], propose to each State with which he has in effect an agreement under section 602 of the Federal Supplemental Compensation Act of 1982 [section 602 of Pub. L. 97–248, set out above] a modification of such agreement designed to provide for the payment of Federal supplemental compensation under such Act [subtitle A of title VI of Pub. L. 97–248, set out above] in accordance with the amendments made by this part. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, if any State fails or refuses, within the 3-week period beginning on the date the Secretary of Labor proposed such a modification to such State, to enter into such a modification of such agreement, the Secretary of Labor shall terminate such agreement effective with the end of the last week which ends on or before such 3-week period.”]

Modification of Agreements Under Federal Supplemental Compensation Act of 1982

Pub. L. 99–15, §1(c), Apr. 4, 1985, 99 Stat. 37, provided that: “The Secretary of Labor shall, at the earliest practicable date after the date of the enactment of this Act [Apr. 4, 1985], propose to each State with which he has in effect an agreement under section 602 of the Federal Supplemental Compensation Act of 1982 [section 602 of Pub. L. 97–248, set out above] a modification of such agreement designed to provide for the payment of Federal supplemental compensation under such Act [subtitle A of title VI of Pub. L. 97–248, set out above] in accordance with the amendments made by this Act [amending the Federal Supplemental Compensation Act of 1982]. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, if any State fails or refuses within the three-week period beginning on the date the Secretary of Labor proposes such modification to such State, to enter into such modification of such agreement, the Secretary of Labor shall terminate such agreement effective with the end of the last week which ends on or before the close of such three-week period. Pending modification (or termination) of the agreement, States may pay Federal supplemental compensation in accordance with the amendments made by this Act for weeks beginning after March 31, 1985, and shall be reimbursed in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Supplemental Compensation Act of 1982.”

Application of Federal Supplemental Compensation Act of 1982 With Respect to Weeks Beginning After March 31, 1983

Pub. L. 98–13, Mar. 29, 1983, 97 Stat. 54, provided: “That, with respect to weeks beginning after March 31, 1983, the Federal Supplemental Compensation Act of 1982 [subtitle A of title VI of Pub. L. 97–248, set out above] shall be applied as if the provisions contained in part A of title V of the conference report [H. Rept. No. 98–47] on the bill H.R. 1900 [part A (§§501–505) of title V of Pub. L. 98–21, Apr. 20, 1983, 97 Stat. 141–144, amending subtitle A of title VI of Pub. L. 97–248, set out above] were enacted into law on the date of the enactment of this Act [Mar. 29, 1983].”

Termination of Federal-State Supplemental Unemployment Compensation Agreements With States Failing To Renegotiate

Pub. L. 97–424, title V, §544(c), Jan. 6, 1983, 96 Stat. 2197, provided that: “The Secretary of Labor shall, at the earliest practicable date after the date of the enactment of this Act [Jan. 6, 1983], propose to each State with which he has in effect an agreement under section 602 of the Tax Equity and Fiscal Responsibility Act of 1982 [section 602 of Pub. L. 97–248, set out above] a modification of such agreement designed to provide for the payment of Federal supplemental compensation under such Act [sections 601 to 606 of Pub. L. 97–248, set out above] in accordance with the amendments made by this Act [amending section 602(e) of Pub. L. 97–248, set out above]. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, if any State fails or refuses, within the three-week period beginning on the date the Secretary of Labor proposes such a modification to such State, to enter into such a modification of such agreement, the Secretary of Labor shall terminate such agreement effective with the end of the last week which ends on or before such three-week period.”

Certification of State Unemployment Laws; Effective Dates

Section 2408(b) of Pub. L. 97–35, as amended by Pub. L. 99–514, §2, Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2095, provided that:

“(1) Except as otherwise provided in paragraph (2)—

“(A) The amendments made by sections 2401 and 2402 [amending Pub. L. 91–373, set out below] shall be required to be included in State unemployment compensation laws for purposes of certifications under section 3304(c) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 [formerly I.R.C. 1954] on October 31 of any taxable year after 1980; and

“(B) the amendments made by sections 2403 and 2404 [amending Pub. L. 91–373, set out below] shall be required to be included in such laws for purposes of such certifications on October 31 of any taxable year after 1981.

“(2)(A) In the case of any State the legislature of which—

“(i) does not meet in a session which begins after the date of the enactment of this Act [Aug. 13, 1981] and prior to September 1, 1981, and

“(ii) if in session on the date of the enactment of this Act, does not remain in session for a period of at least 25 calendar days,

the date ‘1980’ in paragraph (1)(A) shall be deemed to be ‘1981’.

“(B) In the case of any State the legislature of which—

“(i) does not meet in a session which begins after the date of the enactment of this Act [Aug. 13, 1981] and prior to September 1, 1982, and

“(ii) if in session on the date of the enactment of this Act, does not remain in session for a period of at least 25 calendar days,

the date ‘1981’ in paragraph (1)(B) shall be deemed to be ‘1982’.”

Pub. L. 96–499, title X, §1025, Dec. 5, 1980, 94 Stat. 2660, as amended by Pub. L. 99–514, §2, Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2095, provided that: “On October 31 of any taxable year after 1980, the Secretary of Labor shall not certify any State, as provided in section 3304(c) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 [formerly I.R.C. 1954], which, after reasonable notice and opportunity for a hearing to the State agency, the Secretary of Labor finds has failed to amend its law so that it contains each of the provisions required by reason of the enactment of the preceding provisions of this subtitle [subtitle C of title X of Pub. L. 96–499, Dec. 5, 1980, 94 Stat. 2656, which enacted section 8509 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, and section 1109 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, enacted provisions set out as notes under this section and section 8509 of Title 5, and amended provisions set out as notes under this section] to be included therein, or has with respect to the 12-month period ending on such October 31, failed to comply substantially with any such provision.”

Transfer of Funds to Federal Unemployment Trust Fund as Prerequisite to Approval of Virgin Islands Unemployment Compensation Law

Section 116(g) of Pub. L. 94–566, as amended by Pub. L. 99–514, §2, Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2095, provided that: “The Secretary of Labor shall not approve an unemployment compensation law of the Virgin Islands under section 3304(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 [formerly I.R.C. 1954] until the Governor of the Virgin Islands has approved the transfer to the Federal Unemployment Trust Fund established by section 904 of the Social Security Act [42 U.S.C. 1104] of an amount equal to the dollar balance credited to the unemployment subfund of the Virgin Islands established under section 310 of title 24 of the Virgin Islands Code.”

Federal Reimbursement for Benefits Paid to Newly Covered Workers During Transition Period

Section 121 of Pub. L. 94–566, as amended by Pub. L. 99–514, §2, Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2095, provided that:

“(a) General Rule.—If any State, the unemployment compensation law of which is approved by the Secretary under section 3304(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 [formerly I.R.C. 1954], provides for the payment of compensation for any week of unemployment beginning on or after January 1, 1978, on the basis of previously uncovered services, the Secretary shall pay to the unemployment fund of such State an amount equal to the Federal reimbursement for any compensation paid for a week of unemployment beginning on or after January 1, 1978, to any individual whose base period wages include wages for previously uncovered services.

“(b) Previously Uncovered Services.—For purposes of this section, the term ‘previously uncovered services’ means, with respect to any State, services—

“(1) which were not covered by the State unemployment compensation law, at any time, during the 1-year period ending December 31, 1975; and

“(2) which—

“(A) are agricultural labor (as defined in section 3306(k) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986) or domestic services referred to in section 3306(c)(2) of such Code (as in effect on the day before the date of the enactment of this Act) [Oct. 20, 1976] and are treated as employment (as defined in section 3306(c) of such Code) by reason of the amendments made by this Act [see Short Title of 1976 Amendment note set out under section 3311 of this title], or

“(B) are services to which section 3309(a)(1) of such Code applies by reason of the amendments made by this Act.

“(c) Federal Reimbursement.—

“(1) In general.—For purposes of this section, the Federal reimbursement for compensation paid to any individual for any week of unemployment shall be an amount which bears the same ratio to the amount of such compensation as the amount of the individual's base period wages which are attributable to previously uncovered services which are reimbursable bears to the total amount of the individual's base period wages.

“(2) Reimbursable services.—For purposes of determining the amount of the Federal reimbursement for compensation paid to any individual for any week of unemployment, previously uncovered services shall be treated as being reimbursable—

“(A) if such services were performed—

“(i) before July 1, 1978, in the case of a week of unemployment beginning before July 1, 1978; or

“(ii) before January 1, 1978, in the case of a week of unemployment beginning after July 1, 1978; and

“(B) to the extent that assistance under title II of the Emergency Jobs and Unemployment Assistance Act of 1974 [Pub. L. 93–567, title II, set out below] was not paid to such individual on the basis of such services.

“(3) Denial of payment.—No payment may be made under subsection (a) to any State in respect of any compensation for which the State is entitled to any reimbursement under the provisions of any Federal law other than this Act [see Short Title of 1976 Amendment note set out under section 3311 of this title] or the Federal-State Extended Unemployment Compensation Act of 1970 [Pub. L. 91–373, title II, set out below].

“(d) Experience Rating of Certain Employers.—The unemployment compensation law of any State may, without being deemed to violate the standards set forth in section 3303(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, provide that the experience-rating account of any employer shall not be charged for the compensation paid to any individual whose base period wages includes wages for previously uncovered services which are reimbursable under subsection (c)(2) to the extent that such individual would not have been eligible to receive such compensation had the State law not provided for the payment of compensation on the basis of such previously uncovered services.

“(e) Certain Nonprofit Employers.—The unemployment compensation law of any State may provide that any organization which elects to make payments (in lieu of contributions) into the State unemployment compensation fund as provided in section 3309(a)(2) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 shall not be liable to make such payments with respect to the compensation paid to any individual whose base period wages includes wages for previously uncovered services which are reimbursable under subsection (c)(2) to the extent that such individual would not have been eligible to receive such compensation had the State not provided for the payment of compensation on the basis of such previously uncovered services.

“(f) Payments Made Monthly.—Payments under subsection (a) shall be made monthly, prior to audit or settlement by the General Accounting Office, on the basis of estimates by the Secretary of the amount payable to such State for such month, reduced or increased, as the case may be, by any amount by which the Secretary finds that his estimates for any prior month were greater or less than the amounts which should have been paid to such State. Such estimates may be made on the basis of such statistical, sampling, or other methods as may be agreed upon by the Secretary and the State.

“(g) Definitions.—For purposes of this section—

“(1) State.—The term ‘State’ includes the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands.

“(2) Secretary.—The term ‘Secretary’ means the Secretary of Labor.

“(3) Benefit year.—The term ‘benefit year’ means the benefit year as defined in the applicable State unemployment compensation law.

“(4) Base period.—The term ‘base period’ means the base period as defined by the applicable State unemployment compensation law for the benefit year.

“(5) Unemployment fund.—The term ‘unemployment fund’ has the meaning given to such term by section 3306(f) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986.

“(h) Authorization of Appropriations.—There are authorized to be appropriated from the general fund of the Treasury such sums as may be necessary to carry out the purposes of this section.”

Emergency Unemployment Compensation Act of 1974

Pub. L. 93–572, §§101–105, Dec. 31, 1974, 88 Stat. 1869–1872, as amended by Pub. L. 94–12, title VII, §701(a), Mar. 29, 1975, 89 Stat. 65; Pub. L. 94–45, title I, §§101(a)–(f), 102(a), 103(a), 106, June 30, 1975, 89 Stat. 236–239; Pub. L. 94–566, title I, §116(d)(3), Oct. 20, 1976, 90 Stat. 2672; Pub. L. 95–19, title I, §§101(a), 102(a)–(c), 103(a), 104(a), 105(a), 107(a), Apr. 12, 1977, 91 Stat. 39–42; Pub. L. 99–514, §2, Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2095, provided that:

“Sec. 101. [Short title]. This Act [enacting this note and amending Pub. L. 91–373, title II, set out below] may be cited as the ‘Emergency Unemployment Compensation Act of 1974’.

“Sec. 102. [Federal-State agreements]. (a) [State law requirements; termination of agreement]. Any State, the State unemployment compensation law of which is approved by the Secretary of Labor (hereinafter in this Act referred to as the ‘Secretary’) under section 3304 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 [formerly I.R.C. 1954] which desires to do so, may enter into and participate in an agreement with the Secretary under this Act, if such State law contains (as of the date such agreement is entered into) a requirement that extended compensation be payable thereunder as provided by the Federal-State Extended Unemployment Compensation Act of 1970 [Pub. L. 91–373, title II, set out below]. Any State which is a party to an agreement under this Act may, upon providing thirty days’ written notice to the Secretary, terminate such agreement.

“(b) [Emergency compensation]. Any such agreement shall provide that the State agency of the State will make payments of emergency compensation—

“(1) to individuals who—

“(A)(i) have exhausted all rights to regular compensation under the State law;

“(ii) have exhausted all rights to extended compensation, or are not entitled thereto, because of the ending of their eligibility period for extended compensation, in such State;

“(B) have no rights to compensation (including both regular compensation and extended compensation) with respect to a week under such law or any other State unemployment compensation law or to compensation under any other Federal law; and

“(C) are not receiving compensation with respect to such week under the unemployment compensation law of Canada,

“(2) for any week of unemployment which—

“(A) begins in—

“(i) an emergency benefit period (as defined in subsection (c)(3)), and

“(ii) the individual's period of eligibility (as defined in section 105(a)(2)); or

“(B) begins in an individual's additional eligibility period (as defined in section 105(a)(4));

except that no payment of emergency compensation shall be made to any individual for any week of unemployment which begins more than two years after the end of the benefit year for which he exhausted his rights to regular compensation.

“(c) [Regular and extended compensation rights, exhaustion; emergency benefit period; publication in Federal Register; State ‘emergency on’ and ‘emergency off’ indicators.] (1) For purposes of subsection (b)(1)(A), an individual shall be deemed to have exhausted his rights to regular compensation under a State law when—

“(A) no payments of regular compensation can be made under such law because such individual has received all regular compensation available to him based on employment or wages during his base period; or

“(B) his rights to such compensation have been terminated by reason of the expiration of the benefit year with respect to which such rights existed.

“(2) For purposes of subsection (b)(1)(B), an individual shall be deemed to have exhausted his rights to extend compensation under a State law when no payments of extended compensation under a State law can be made under such law because such individual has received all the extended compensation available to him from his extended compensation account (as established under State law in accordance with section 202(b)(1) of the Federal-State Extended Unemployment Compensation Act of 1970) [Pub. L. 91–373, title II, §202(b)(1), set out below]).

“(3)(A)(i) For purposes of subsection (b)(2)(A), in the case of any State, an emergency benefit period—

“(I) shall begin with the third week after a week for which there is a State ‘emergency on’ indicator; and

“(II) shall end with the third week after the first week for which there is a State ‘emergency off’ indicator.

“(ii) In the case of any State, no emergency benefit period shall last for a period of less than 13 consecutive weeks, and no emergency benefit period which began prior to January 1, 1976, shall end prior to such date.

“(iii) When a determination has been made that an emergency benefit period is beginning or ending with respect to any State, the Secretary shall cause notice of such determination to be published in the Federal Register.

“(B)(i) For purposes of subparagraph (A), there is a State ‘emergency on’ indicator for a week if (I) there is a State or National ‘on’ indicator for such week (as determined under subsections (d) and (e) of section 203 of the Federal-State Extended Unemployment Compensation Act of 1970 [Pub. L. 91–373, title II, §203(d), (e), set out below]), and (II) the rate of insured unemployment in such State for the period consisting of such week and the immediately preceding twelve weeks equaled or exceeded 5 per centum.

“(ii) For purposes of subparagraph (A), there is a State ‘emergency off’ indicator for a week if the rate of insured unemployment in such State for the period consisting of such week and the immediately preceding twelve weeks is less than 5 per centum.

“(d) [Amount of emergency compensation; terms and conditions of State law for regular compensation] For purposes of any agreement under this Act—

“(1) the amount of the emergency compensation which shall be payable to any individual for any week of total unemployment shall be equal to the amount of the regular compensation (including dependents’ allowances) payable to him during his benefit year under the State law; and

“(2) the terms and conditions of the State law which apply to claims for regular compensation and to the payment thereof shall (except where inconsistent with the provisions of this Act or regulations of the Secretary promulgated to carry out this Act) apply to claims for emergency compensation and the payment thereof.

“(e) [Emergency compensation account] (1) Any agreement under this Act with a State shall provide that the State will establish, for each eligible individual who files an application for emergency compensation, an emergency compensation account.

“(2) The amount established in such account for any individual shall be equal to the lesser of—

“(A) 50 per centum of the total amount of regular compensation (including dependents’ allowances) payable to him with respect to the benefit year (as determined under the State law) on the basis of which he most recently received regular compensation; or

“(B) 13 times his average weekly benefit amount (as determined for purposes of section 202(b)(1)(C) of the Federal-State Extended Unemployment Compensation Act of 1970 [Pub. L. 91–373, title II, §202(b)(1)(C), set out below]) for his benefit year.

“(3) The amount determined under paragraph (2) with respect to any individual shall be reduced by the amount of any assistance paid to such individual under title II of the Emergency Jobs and Unemployment Assistance Act of 1974 [Pub. L. 93–567, title II, set out below], for any weeks of unemployment in the 65-week period preceding the first week of unemployment with respect to which compensation is payable to such individual under this Act.

“(f) [Effective dates] (1) No emergency compensation shall be payable to any individual under an agreement entered into under this Act for any week beginning before whichever of the following is the latest:

“(A) the first week which begins after December 31, 1974,

“(B) the week following the week in which such agreement is entered into, or

“(C) the first week which begins after the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 31, 1974].

“(2) No emergency compensation shall be payable to any individual under an agreement entered into under this Act—

“(A) for any week ending after October 31, 1977, or

“(B) in the case of an individual who (for a week ending after the beginning of his most recent benefit year and before October 31, 1977) had a week with respect to which emergency compensation was payable under such agreement, for any week ending after January 31, 1978.

“(g) [Individuals not participating in approved training programs] Notwithstanding the preceding provisions of this section emergency compensation shall not be payable for any week to an individual who is not a participant in a training program which is approved by the Secretary if—

“(1) the State determines that there is a need for upgrading or broadening such individual's occupational skills and a program which is approved by the Secretary for such upgrading or broadening is available within a reasonable distance and without charge to the individual for tuition or fees, and

“(2) such individual is not an applicant to participate in such a program.

“(h) [Denial of emergency compensation to individuals who refuse offers of suitable work or who are not actively seeking work]. (1) In addition to any eligibility requirement of the applicable State law, emergency compensation shall not be payable for any week to any individual otherwise eligible to receive such compensation if during such week such individual—

“(A) fails to accept any offer of suitable work or to apply for any suitable work to which he was referred by the State agency, or

“(B) fails to actively engage in seeking work.

“(2) If any individual is ineligible for emergency compensation for any week by reason of a failure described in subparagraph (A) or (B) of paragraph (1), the individual shall be ineligible to receive emergency compensation for any week which begins during a period which—

“(A) begins with the week following the week in which such failure occurs, and

“(B) does not end until such individual has been employed during at least 4 weeks which begin after such failure and the total of the remuneration earned by the individual for being so employed is not less than the product of 4 multiplied by the individual's average weekly benefit amount (as determined for purposes of section 202(b)(1)(C) of the Federal-State Extended Unemployment Compensation Act of 1970 [Pub. L. 91–373, title II, §202(b)(1)(C), set out below]) for his benefit year.

“(3) Emergency compensation shall not be denied under paragraph (1) to any individual for any week by reason of a failure to accept an offer of, or apply for, suitable work—

“(A) if the gross average weekly remuneration payable to such individual for the position does not exceed the sum of—

“(i) the individual's average weekly benefit amount (as determined for purposes of section 202(b)(1)(C) of the Federal-State Extended Unemployment Compensation Act of 1970 [Pub. L. 91–373, title II, §202(b)(1)(C), set out below]) for his benefit year, plus

“(ii) the amount (if any) of supplemental unemployment compensation benefits (as defined in section 501(c)(17)(D) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986) payable to such individual for such week;

“(B) if the position was not offered to such individual in writing and was not listed with the State employment service;

“(C) if such failure would not result in a denial of compensation under the provisions of the applicable State law to the extent that such provisions are not inconsistent with the provisions of paragraph (4); or

“(D) if the position pays wages less than the higher of—

“(i) the minimum wage provided by section 6(a)(1) of the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 [29 U.S.C. 206(a)(1)], without regard to any exemption; or

“(ii) any applicable State or local minimum wage.

“(4) For purposes of this subsection—

“(A) The term ‘suitable work’ means, with respect to any individual, any work which is within such individual's capabilities; except that, if the individual furnishes evidence satisfactory to the State agency that such individual's prospects for obtaining work in his customary occupation within a reasonably short period are good, the determination of whether any work is suitable work with respect to such individual shall be made in accordance with the applicable State law.

“(B) An individual shall be treated as actively engaged in seeking work during any week if—

“(i) the individual has engaged in a systematic and sustained effort to obtain work during such week, and

“(ii) the individual provides tangible evidence to the State agency that he has engaged in such an effort during such week.

“(5) Any agreement under subsection (a) shall provide that, in the administration of this Act, States shall make provision for referring applicants for benefits under this Act to any suitable work to which subparagraphs (A), (B), (C), and (D) of paragraph (3) would not apply.

“Sec. 103. [Payments to States having agreements for the payment of emergency compensation]. (a) [Amount payable]. There shall be paid to each State which has entered into an agreement under this Act an amount equal to 100 per centum of the emergency compensation paid to individuals by the State pursuant to such agreement.

“(b) [Limitation] No payment shall be made to any State under this section in respect of compensation for which the State is entitled to reimbursement under the provisions of any Federal law other than this Act.

“(c) [Calendar month basis; advances, reimbursements, and adjustments; method for estimates] Sums payable to any State by reason of such State's having an agreement under this Act shall be payable, either in advance or by way of reimbursement (as may be determined by the Secretary), in such amounts as the Secretary estimates the State will be entitled to receive under this Act for each calendar month, reduced or increased, as the case may be, by any amount by which the Secretary finds that his estimates for any prior calendar month were greater or less than the amounts which would have been paid to the State. Such estimates may be made on the basis of such statistical, sampling, or other method as may be agreed upon by the Secretary and the State agency of the State involved.

“Sec. 104. [Financing provisions]. (a) [Use of extended unemployment compensation account funds; certification] (1) Funds in the extended unemployment compensation account (as established by section 905 of the Social Security Act) [42 U.S.C. 1105] of the Unemployment Trust Fund shall be used for the making of payments to States having agreements entered into under this Act.

“(2) The Secretary shall from time to time certify to the Secretary of the Treasury for payment to each State the sums payable to such State under this Act. The Secretary of the Treasury, prior to audit or settlement by the General Accounting Office, shall make payments to the State in accordance with such certification, by transfers from the extended unemployment compensation account (as established by section 905 of the Social Security Act) [42 U.S.C. 1105]) to the account of such State in the Unemployment Trust Fund.

“(b) [Authorization of appropriations; repayment of advances without interest]. There are hereby authorized to be appropriated, without fiscal year limitation, to the extended unemployment compensation account, such sums as may be necessary to carry out the purposes of this Act. Amounts appropriated and paid to the States under section 103 with respect to weeks of unemployment ending prior to April 1, 1977, shall be repaid, without interest, as provided in section 905(d) of the Social Security Act [42 U.S.C. 1105(d)].

“Sec. 105. (a) [Definitions]. For purposes of this Act—

“(1) the terms ‘compensation’, ‘regular compensation’, ‘extended compensation’, ‘base period’, ‘benefit year’, ‘State’, ‘State agency’, ‘State law’, and ‘week’ shall have the meanings assigned to them under section 205 of the Federal-State Extended Unemployment Compensation Act of 1970 [Pub. L. 91–373, title II, §205, set out below];

“(2) the term ‘period of eligibility’ means, in the case of any individual, the weeks in his benefit year which begin in an extended benefit period or an emergency benefit period and, if his benefit year ends within such extended benefit period, any weeks thereafter which begin in such extended benefit period or in such emergency benefit period;

“(3) the term ‘extended benefit period’ shall have the meaning assigned to such term under section 203 of the Federal-State Extended Unemployment Compensation Act of 1970 [Pub. L. 91–373, title II, §203, set out below];

“(4) the term ‘additional eligibility period’ means the thirteen-week period following the week in which an emergency benefit period ends in a State, as determined under section 102(c)(3); but no individual shall have an additional eligibility period unless there was payable to him in such State, for the week in which such emergency benefit period ended, either emergency compensation under this Act or extended compensation under the Federal-State Extended Unemployment Compensation Act of 1970 [Pub. L. 91–373, title II, set out below];

“(5) the term ‘rate of insured unemployment’ means the percentage arrived at by dividing the average weekly number of individuals filing claims for weeks of unemployment with respect to the specified period (as determined on the basis of the reports made by the State agency to the Secretary) by the average monthly covered employment for the specified period;

“(6) the rate of insured unemployment for any thirteen-week period shall be determined by reference to the average monthly covered employment under the State law for the first four of the most recent six calendar quarters ending before the close of such period; and

“(7) determinations with respect to the rate of insured unemployment in a State shall be made by the State agency in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary.

For purposes of any State law which refers to an extension under Federal law of the duration of benefits under the Federal-State Extended Unemployment Compensation Act of 1970 [Pub. L. 91–373, title II, set out below], this Act shall be treated as amendatory of such Act.

“(b) [Recovery of overpayments]. (1) If an individual knowingly has made, or caused to be made by another, a false statement or representation of a material fact, or knowingly has failed, or caused another to fail, to disclose a material fact, and as a result of such false statement or representation or of such nondisclosure such individual has received an amount of emergency compensation under this Act to which he was not entitled, such individual—

“(A) shall be ineligible for further emergency compensation under this Act in accordance with the provisions of the applicable State unemployment compensation law relating to fraud in connection with a claim for unemployment compensation; and

“(B) shall be subject to prosecution under section 1001 of title 18, United States Code.

“(2)(A) In the case of individuals who have received amounts of emergency compensation under this Act to which they were not entitled, the State is authorized to require such individuals to repay the amounts of such emergency compensation to the State agency, except that the State agency may waive such repayment if it determines that—

“(i) the payment of such emergency compensation was without fault on the part of any such individual, and

“(ii) such repayment would be contrary to equity and good conscience.

“(B) The State agency may recover the amount to be repaid, or any part thereof, by deductions from any emergency compensation payable to such individual under this Act or from any unemployment compensation payable to such individual under any Federal unemployment compensation law administered by the State agency or under any other Federal law administered by the State agency which provides for the payment of any assistance or allowance with respect to any week of unemployment, during the three-year period after the date such individuals received the payment of the emergency compensation to which they were not entitled, except that no single deduction may exceed 50 per centum of the weekly benefit amount from which such deduction is made.

“(C) No repayment shall be required, and no deduction shall be made, until a determination has been made, notice thereof and an opportunity for a fair hearing has been given to the individual, and the determination has become final.

“(3) Any determination by a State agency under paragraph (1) or (2) shall be subject to review in the same manner and to the same extent as determinations under the State unemployment compensation law, and only in that manner and to that extent.”

[Section 101(b) of Pub. L. 95–19 provided that: “The amendment made by subsection (a) [amending section 102(f)(2) of Pub. L. 93–572, set out above] shall apply to weeks of unemployment ending after March 31, 1977.”]

[Section 102(d) of Pub. L. 95–19 provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending sections 102(b)(2)(A)(ii), (B), (c)(3)(A)(ii), (e) and 105(a) of Pub. L. 93–572, set out above] shall apply to weeks of unemployment ending after April 30, 1977. For purposes of determining an individual's entitlement to emergency compensation for weeks ending after April 30, 1977, there shall be taken into account any emergency compensation paid to such individual for weeks which end after the beginning of the individual's most recent benefit year and before May 1, 1977.”]

[Section 103(b) of Pub. L. 95–19 provided that: “The amendment made by subsection (a) [amending section 104(b) of Pub. L. 93–572, set out above] shall be effective on April 1, 1977.”]

[Section 104(b) of Pub. L. 95–19 provided that: “The amendment made by subsection (a) [enacting section 102(h) of Pub. L. 93–572, set out above] shall apply to weeks of unemployment beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act [Apr. 12, 1977].”]

[Section 105(b) of Pub. L. 95–19 provided that: “The amendment made by subsection (a) [enacting section 105(b) of Pub. L. 93–572, set out above] shall take effect on the date of the enactment of this Act [Apr. 12, 1977].”]

[Section 107(b) of Pub. L. 95–19 provided that: “The amendment made by subsection (a) [amending section 102(b)(2) of Pub. L. 93–572, set out above] shall apply to weeks of unemployment ending after the date of enactment of this Act [Apr. 12, 1977].”]

[Section 116(f)(1) of Pub. L. 94–556, set out as an Effective Date of 1976 Amendment note above, provided in part that the deletion of “the Virgin Islands or” from section 102(b)(1)(C) of the Emergency Unemployment Compensation Act of 1974 shall take effect on the later of Oct. 1, 1976, or the day after the day on which the Secretary of Labor approves under section 3304(a) of this title an unemployment compensation law submitted to him by the Virgin Islands for approval.]

[Section 101(g) of Pub. L. 94–45 provided that: “The amendments made by subsections (a) through (e) of this section [enacting sections 102(c)(3)(B)(i)(II) and 105(4)–(8) and amending section 102(b)(2), (c)(3)(A)(ii), (c)(3)(B)(ii), (e) of Pub. L. 93–572, set out above] shall be effective with respect to weeks of compensation which begin on or after January 1, 1976.”]

[Section 106 of Pub. L. 94–45 provided in part that the enactment of par. (4) of section 102(e) of Pub. L. 93–572, set out above, as that section 102(e) is in effect on June 29, 1975, is effective July 1, 1975.]

Modification of Agreements With States To Reflect Amendments Under Emergency Unemployment Compensation Extension Act of 1977

Section 106 of Pub. L. 95–19 provided that: “The Secretary of Labor shall, at the earliest practicable date after the date of the enactment of this Act [Apr. 12, 1977], propose to each State with which he has in effect an agreement under section 102 of the Emergency Compensation Act of 1974 [Pub. L. 93–572, set out above] a modification of such agreement designed to provide for the payment of emergency compensation under such Act in accordance with the amendments made by this title [enacting sections 102(h) and 105(b) of the Emergency Unemployment Compensation Act of 1974, amending sections 102(b)(2), (c)(3)(A)(ii), (e), (f)(2), 104(b), and 105(a) of that Act, and enacting provisions set out as notes under this section]. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, if any State fails or refuses, within the 3-week period beginning on the date the Secretary of Labor proposes such a modification of such State, to enter into such a modification of such agreement, the Secretary of Labor shall terminate such agreement effective with the end of the last week which ends on or before the last day of such 3-week period.”

Modification of Agreements With States To Reflect Amendments Under Unemployment Compensation Amendments of 1976

Section 604 of Pub. L. 94–566 provided that: “ The Secretary of Labor shall, at the earliest practicable date after the date of the enactment of this Act [Oct. 20, 1976], propose to each State with which he has in effect an agreement under section 202 of the Emergency Jobs and Unemployment Assistance Act of 1974 [Pub. L. 93–567, title II, §202, set out below] a modification of such agreement designed to provide for the payment of special unemployment assistance under such Act in accordance with the amendments made by sections 601, 602, and 603 of this title [set out as a Special Unemployment Assistance Programs note below]. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, if any State fails or refuses, within the three-week period beginning on the date the Secretary of Labor proposes such a modification to such State, to enter into such a modification of such agreement, the Secretary of Labor shall terminate such agreement effective with the end of the last week which ends on or before the last day of such three-week period.”

Agreements Under Emergency Unemployment Compensation Act of 1974 To Be Modified To Reflect Amendment of the Act by Emergency Compensation and Special Unemployment Assistance Extension Act of 1975

Section 105 of Pub. L. 94–45, June 30, 1975, 89 Stat. 239, provided that: “The Secretary of Labor shall, at the earliest practicable date after the date of the enactment of this Act [June 30, 1975], propose to each State with which he has in effect an agreement under section 102 of the Emergency Unemployment Compensation Act of 1974 [Pub. L. 93–567, set out below] a modification of such agreement designed to provide for the payment of the emergency compensation benefits allowable under such Act by reason of the amendments made by this part. Notwithstanding any provision of the Emergency Unemployment Compensation Act of 1974, if any State fails or refuses, within the three-week period beginning on the date of the enactment of this Act, to enter into such a modification of such agreement, the Secretary of Labor shall terminate such agreement.”

Agreements Under Emergency Unemployment Compensation Act of 1974 To Be Modified To Reflect Amendment of the Act by Tax Reduction Act of 1975

Pub. L. 94–12, title VII, §701(b), Mar. 29, 1975, 89 Stat. 66, provided that: “The Secretary of Labor shall, at the earliest practicable date after the enactment of this Act [Mar. 29, 1975], propose to each State with which he has in effect an agreement entered into pursuant to section 102 of the Emergency Unemployment Compensation Act of 1974 [Pub. L. 93–572, set out above] a modification of such agreement designed to cause payments of emergency compensation thereunder to be made in the manner prescribed by such Act, as amended by subsection (a) of this section [amending section 102(e) of the Emergency Unemployment Compensation Act of 1974]. Notwithstanding any provision of the Emergency Unemployment Compensation Act of 1974, if any such State shall fail or refuse, within a reasonable time after the date of the enactment of this Act, to enter into such a modification of such agreement, the Secretary of Labor shall terminate such agreement.”

National Commission on Unemployment Compensation

Section 411 of Pub. L. 94–566, as amended by Pub. L. 95–19, title III, §303, Apr. 12, 1977, 91 Stat. 45; Pub. L. 96–84, §§1(a), (b), 2, 3(a), Oct. 10, 1979, 93 Stat. 653, 654, related to establishment, membership, powers, duties, etc., of the National Commission on Unemployment Compensation, and required a final report not later than July 1, 1980, respecting findings, conclusions, and recommendations, with termination of the Commission on the ninetieth day after the date of submission of the final report to the President.

Special Unemployment Assistance Programs

Pub. L. 93–567, title II, §§201–224, Dec. 31, 1974, 88 Stat. 1850–1853, as amended by Pub. L. 94–45, title II, §§201–203, June 30, 1975, 89 Stat. 240–242; Pub. L. 94–444, §6(a), (b), Oct. 1, 1976, 90 Stat. 1481; Pub. L. 94–566, title VI, §§601(a), 602(a)–(d), 603(a), Oct. 20, 1976, 90 Stat. 2689–2691; Pub. L. 96–499, title X, §1021, Dec. 5, 1980, 94 Stat. 2656; Pub. L. 99–514, §2, Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2095, provided that:

“Part A—Special Unemployment Assistance I74“statement of purpose

“Sec. 201. It is the purpose of this part to establish a temporary Federal program of special unemployment assistance for workers who are unemployed during a period of aggravated unemployment and who are not otherwise eligible for unemployment allowances under any other law.

“grants to states: agreement with states

“Sec. 202. Each State which enters into an agreement with the Secretary of Labor, pursuant to which it makes payments of special unemployment assistance in accordance with the provisions of this part and the rules and regulations prescribed by the Secretary of Labor hereunder, shall be paid by the United States from time to time, prior to audit or settlement by the General Accounting Office, such amounts as are deemed necessary by the Secretary of Labor to carry out the provisions of this part in the State. Assistance may be paid under this part to individuals only pursuant to such an agreement.

“eligible individuals

“Sec. 203. (a) An individual shall be eligible to receive a payment of assistance or waiting period credit with respect to a week of unemployment occurring during and subsequent to a special unemployment assistance period in accordance with the provisions of this part if—

“(1) the individual is not eligible for compensation under any State or Federal unemployment compensation law (including the Railroad Unemployment Insurance Act (45 U.S.C. 351 et seq.)) with respect to such week of unemployment, and is not receiving compensation with respect to such week of unemployment under the unemployment compensation law of Canada and is not eligible for assistance or an allowance payable with respect to such week of unemployment under such laws as the Public Works and Economic Development Act Amendments of 1974 [42 U.S.C. 3121 et seq.], the Disaster Relief Act of 1974 [42 U.S.C. 5121 et seq.], the Trade Expansion Act of 1962, as amended [19 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.], or any successor legislation or similar legislation, as determined by the Secretary: Provided, That the individual meets the qualifying employment and wage requirements of the applicable State unemployment compensation law in the base period; and, for purposes of this proviso, employment and wages which are not covered by the State law shall be treated as though they were covered, except that employment and wages covered by any State or Federal unemployment compensation law, including the Railroad Unemployment Insurance Act (45 U.S.C. 351 et seq.), shall be excluded to the extent that the individual is or was entitled to compensation for unemployment thereunder on the basis of such employment and wages; and

“(2) the individual is totally or partially unemployed, and is able to work, available for work, and seeking work, within the meaning of, or as required by, the applicable State unemployment compensation law, and is not subject to disqualification under that law; and

“(3) the individual has filed a claim for assistance or waiting period credit under this part; and

“(4) in the area in which the individual was last employed for at least five work days prior to filing a claim under this part for assistance or waiting period credit with respect to such week of unemployment, a special unemployment assistance period is in effect with respect to such week of unemployment: Provided, That if the individual, except for the imposition of a disqualification in accordance with paragraph (2), was otherwise eligible for a payment of assistance or waiting period credit under this part with respect to a week of unemployment which began during a special unemployment assistance period, but did not exhaust entitlement to assistance during such period, entitlement shall continue after the end of the period but no assistance shall be paid under this part for any week of unemployment that begins more than twenty-six weeks after the end of such period; and

“(5) the State in which the individual was last employed for at least five work days prior to filing a claim under this part for assistance or waiting period credit with respect to such week of unemployment, has an agreement with the Secretary of Labor under section 202 which is in effect with respect to such week of unemployment.

“(b) An individual who performs services in an instructional, research, or principal administrative capacity for an educational institution or agency shall not be eligible to receive a payment of assistance or a waiting period credit with respect to any week commencing during the period between two successive academic years (or, when the contract provides instead for a similar period between two regular but not successive terms, during such similar period) if—

“(1) such individual performed services in any such capacity for any educational institution or agency in the first of such academic years or terms; and

“(2) such individual has a contract to perform services in any such capacity for any educational institution or agency for the later of such academic years or terms.

“(c) An individual who performs services for an educational institution or agency in a capacity (other than an instructional, research, or principal administrative capacity) shall not be eligible to receive a payment of assistance or a waiting period credit with respect to any week commencing during a period between two successive academic years or terms if—

“(1) such individual performed such services for any educational institution or agency in the first of such academic years or terms; and

“(2) there is a reasonable assurance that such individual will perform services for any educational institution or agency in any capacity (other than an instructional, research, or principal administrative capacity) in the second of such academic years or terms.

“special unemployment assistance period

“Sec. 204. (a) A special unemployment assistance period shall commence in an area designated by the Secretary with the third week after the first week for which the Secretary determines that there is an ‘on’ indicator for such area, and shall terminate with the third week after the first week for which the Secretary determines that there is an ‘off’ indicator for such area except that no special unemployment assistance period shall have a duration of less than thirteen weeks.

“(b) The Secretary shall designate as an area under this section areas served by an entity which is eligible to be a prime sponsor under section 102(a) of the Comprehensive Employment and Training Act of 1973 (Public Law 93–203) [29 U.S.C. 812(a)].

“(c) There is an ‘on’ indicator in an area for a week, if for the most recent three consecutive calendar months for which data are available the Secretary determines that—

“(1) the rate (seasonally adjusted) of national unemployment averaged 6 per centum or more; or

“(2) the rate of unemployment in the area averaged 6.5 per centum or more.

“(d) There is an ‘off’ indicator for a week, if for the most recent three consecutive calendar months for which data are available the Secretary determines that both subsections (c)(1) and (c)(2) are not satisfied.

“(e) The determinations made under this section shall take into account the rates of unemployment for three consecutive months, even though any or all of such months may have occurred not more than three complete calendar months prior to the enactment of this Act [Dec. 31, 1974].

“weekly benefit amount

“Sec. 205. (a) The amount of assistance under this part to which an eligible individual shall be entitled for a week of unemployment shall be the weekly benefit amount for a week of unemployment that would be payable to the individual as regular compensation as computed under the provisions of the applicable State unemployment compensation law. For purposes of the preceding sentence, employment and wages which are not covered by the applicable State unemployment compensation law shall be treated as though they were covered, except that employment and wages covered by any State or Federal unemployment compensation law, including the Railroad Unemployment Insurance Act (45 U.S.C. 351 et seq.), shall be excluded to the extent that the individual is or was entitled to compensation for unemployment thereunder on the basis of such employment and wages.

“(b) Notwithstanding any provisions of State law, claims for assistance under this part may be determined, where an employment record is not available, on the basis of an affidavit submitted by an applicant.

“(c) If an individual knowingly has made, or caused to be made by another, a false statement or representation of a material fact, or knowingly has failed, or caused another to fail, to disclose a material fact, and as a result of such false statement or representation or of such nondisclosure such individual has received an amount of assistance under this part to which he was not entitled, such individual—

“(1) shall be ineligible for further assistance under this part in accordance with the provisions of the applicable State unemployment compensation law relating to fraud in connection with a claim for unemployment compensation; and

“(2) shall be subject to prosecution under section 1001 of title 18, United States Code.

“(d)(1) In the case of individuals who have received amounts of assistance under this part to which they were not entitled, the State is authorized to require such individuals to repay the amounts of such assistance to the State agency, except that the State agency may waive such repayment if it determines that—

“(A) the payment of such assistance was without fault on the part of any such individual, and

“(B) such repayment would be contrary to equity and good conscience.

“(2) The State agency may recover the amount to be repaid, or any part thereof, by deductions from any assistance payable under this part or from any unemployment compensation payable to such individual under any Federal unemployment compensation law administered by the State agency or under any other Federal law administered by the State agency which provides for the payment of any assistance or allowance with respect to any week of unemployment, during the three-year period after the date such individuals received the payment of the assistance to which they were not entitled, except that no single deduction may exceed 50 per centum of the weekly benefit amount from which such deduction is made.

“(3) No repayment shall be required, and no deduction shall be made, until a determination has been made, notice thereof and an opportunity for a fair hearing has been given to the individual, and the determination has become final.

“(e) Any determination by a State agency under subsection (c) or (d) shall be subject to review in the same manner and to the same extent as determinations under the State unemployment compensation law, and only in that manner and to that extent.

“maximum benefits amount

“Sec. 206. (a) Except as provided by subsection (b), the maximum amount of assistance under this part which an eligible individual shall be entitled to receive during any special unemployment assistance benefit year shall be 150 per centum of the maximum amount that would have been payable to such individual during such benefit year as computed under the provisions of the applicable State unemployment compensation law, but not exceeding thirty-nine times the weekly benefit payable to the individual for a week of total unemployment as determined under subsection (a) of section 205. For purposes of the preceding sentence, employment and wages which are not covered by the applicable State unemployment compensation law shall be treated as though they were covered, except that employment and wages covered by any State or Federal unemployment compensation law, including the Railroad Unemployment Insurance Act (45 U.S.C. 351 et seq.), shall be excluded to the extent that the individual is or was entitled to compensation for unemployment thereunder on the basis of such employment and wages.

“(b) In the case of any individual who files a claim for assistance under this part during a benefit year which such individual has established under any State unemployment compensation law, the maximum amount of assistance under this part which such individual shall be entitled to receive during the special unemployment assistance benefit year established pursuant to such claim (as determined under subsection (a) without regard to this subsection) shall be reduced by the amount of any unemployment compensation received during the benefit year established under the State unemployment compensation law.

“applicable state law provisions

“Sec. 207. Except where inconsistent with the provisions of this part, the terms and conditions of the applicable State unemployment compensation law which apply to claims thereunder for regular compensation and the payment thereof shall apply to claims for assistance under this part and the payment thereof.

“termination date

“Sec. 208. Notwithstanding any other provision of this part, no payment of assistance under this part shall be made to any individual with respect to any week of unemployment ending after June 30, 1978; and no individual shall be entitled to any assistance under this part with respect to any initial claim for assistance or waiting period credit which is effective in a week beginning after December 31, 1977.

“authorization of appropriations

“Sec. 209. There are hereby authorized to be appropriated for purposes of this part such sums as may be necessary.

“definitions

“Sec. 210. (a) As used in this part the term—

“(1) ‘Secretary’ means the Secretary of Labor;

“(2) ‘State’ means the States of the United States, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands;

“(3) ‘applicable State unemployment compensation law’ means the law of the State in which the individual was last employed for at least five work days prior to filing a claim for assistance or waiting period credit under this part;

“(4) ‘week’ means a calendar week;

“(5) ‘State agency’ means the agency of the State which administers the program established by this part;

“(6) ‘special unemployment assistance benefit year’ means the benefit year as defined by the applicable State unemployment compensation law; and

“(7) ‘base period’ means the base period as determined under the applicable State unemployment compensation law.

“(b) Assistance under this part shall not be considered to be regular compensation for purposes of qualifying for benefits under the Federal-State Extended Unemployment Compensation Act of 1970 [Pub. L. 91–373, title II, set out below], and claims filed under this part shall not be treated as claims for weeks of unemployment for purposes of determining the rate of insured unemployment under section 203(f)(1) of such Act.

“(c) Employment and wages which are not covered by the State law may be treated, under sections 203(a)(1), 205(a), and 206(a), as though they were covered only if the employment—

“(1) is performed by an employee (as defined in section 3121(d) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 [formerly I.R.C. 1954], and

“(2) constitutes employment as determined under section 3306(c) of such Code without regard to paragraphs (1) through (9), (10)(B)(ii), (14), (15), and (17) of such section.

For purposes of paragraph (2), section 3306(c) of such Code shall be applied as if the term ‘United States’ includes the Virgin Islands.

“Part B—Reimbursement for Unemployment Benefits Paid on Basis of Public Service Employment I74“payments to states

“Sec. 220. (a) Each State shall be paid by the United States with respect to each individual—

“(1) who receives compensation with respect to any benefit year, and

“(2) whose base period wages for such benefit year include public service wages.

an amount which bears the same ratio to the total amount of compensation paid to such individual with respect to such benefit year for weeks of unemployment which begin on or after January 1, 1976, as the amount of the public service wages included in the individual's base period wages bears to the total amount of the individual's base period wages.

“(b) Each State shall be paid, either in advance or by way of reimbursement, as may be determined by the Secretary, the sum that the Secretary estimates is payable to such State under this part for each calendar month. The sum shall be reduced or increased by the amount which the Secretary finds that his estimate for an earlier calendar month was greater or less than the sum which should have been paid to the State. Estimates shall be made on the basis of reports made by the State to the Secretary as prescribed by the Secretary.

“(c) The Secretary shall, from time to time, certify to the Secretary of the Treasury the sum payable to each State under this part. The Secretary of the Treasury, prior to audit and settlement by the General Accounting Office, shall pay the State in accordance with the certification from funds for carrying out the purposes of this part.

“(d) Money paid to a State under this part may be used solely for the purpose of paying compensation. Money so paid which is not used for such purpose shall be returned, at the time specified by the Secretary, to the Treasury of the United States and credited to current applicable appropriations, funds, or accounts from which payments to States under this part may be made.

“(e) In the case of any political subdivision of a State which has in effect an unemployment compensation program which provides for the payment of compensation on the basis of services performed in its employ, such political subdivision shall be entitled to payments under this part in the same manner and to the same extent as if such political subdivision were a State.

“state law provisions

“Sec. 221. (a) The unemployment compensation law of any State may provide that any organization which elects to make payments (in lieu of contributions) into the State unemployment compensation fund—

“(1) shall not be liable to make such payments after the date of the enactment of this section with respect to any compensation to the extent that such State is entitled to payments with respect to such compensation under this part; and

“(2) shall receive credit against payments required to be made after such date of enactment for any such payments made on or before such date of enactment to the extent that such payments were made with respect to compensation for which the State is entitled to receive payments under this part.

“(b) The unemployment compensation law of any State may, without being deemed to violate the standards set forth in section 3303(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, provide for appropriate adjustments, as may be determined by the Secretary, in the account of any employer who has paid public service wages to reflect the payments to which such State is entitled under this part with respect to compensation attributable to such wages.

“authorization of appropriations

“Sec. 222. There are hereby authorized to be appropriated for purposes of this part such sums as may be necessary.

“definitions

“Sec. 223. As used in this part, the term—

“(1) ‘State’ means the States of the United States, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands;

“(2) ‘compensation’ means cash benefits payable to individuals with respect to their unemployment, except that such term shall not include special unemployment assistance payable under part A;

“(3) ‘public service job’ means any public service job funded with assistance provided under the Comprehensive Employment and Training Act of 1973 [29 U.S.C. 801 et seq.];

“(4) ‘public service wages’ means remuneration for services performed in a public service job to the extent that such remuneration is paid with funds provided under the Comprehensive Employment and Training Act of 1973 [29 U.S.C. 801 et seq.];

“(5) ‘benefit year’ means the benefit year as defined by the applicable State unemployment compensation law;

“(6) ‘base period’ means the base period as defined by the applicable State unemployment compensation law for the benefit year; and

“(7) ‘Secretary’ means the Secretary of Labor.

“termination

“Sec. 224. Notwithstanding any other provision of this part, the term ‘public service wages’ shall not include remuneration for services performed in weeks which begin after the date of the enactment of this section [Dec. 5, 1980].”

[Section 602(e) of Pub. L. 94–566 provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending sections 203(a)(1), 205(a), 206(a), and 210(a) of the Emergency Jobs and Unemployment Assistance Act of 1974, Pub. L. 93–567, set out above] shall apply with respect to benefit years beginning after December 31, 1976. In the case of any benefit year of an individual which begins after December 31, 1976, for purposes of sections 203(a)(1), 205(a), and 206(a) of the Emergency Jobs and Unemployment Assistance Act of 1974, there shall not be taken into account any employment and wages to the extent that such individual was entitled on the basis of such employment and wages to assistance under such Act during a benefit year beginning before January 1, 1977.”]

[Section 603(b) of Pub. L. 94–566 provided that: “The amendment made by subsection (a) [enacting subsec. (c) of section 203 of the Emergency Jobs and Unemployment Assistance Act of 1974, Pub. L. 93–567, set out above] shall apply to weeks of unemployment beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act [Oct. 20, 1976].”]

[Section 6(c) of Pub. L. 94–444 provided that: “The amendments made by this section [enacting sections 220 to 223 and amending sections 201 to 203 and 205 to 210 of the Emergency Jobs and Unemployment Assistance Act of 1974, Pub. L. 93–567, set out above] shall take effect on October 1, 1976, with respect to compensation paid for weeks of unemployment beginning after December 31, 1975.”]

[Section 204(b)–(e) of Pub. L. 94–45 provided that:

[“(b) Assistance shall be payable to individuals under agreements entered into by States under title II of the Emergency Jobs and Unemployment Assistance Act of 1974 [Pub. L. 93–567, set out above], by reason of the amendments made by section 201 of this Act [amending sections 206 and 208 of the Emergency Jobs and Unemployment Assistance Act of 1974], for weeks of unemployment beginning on or after July 1, 1975.

[“(c) The amendments made by section 202 and subsections (c) and (d) of section 203 [enacting sections 203(b) and 206(b) of the Emergency Jobs and Unemployment Assistance Act of 1974] shall apply to weeks of unemployment beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act [June 30, 1975].

[“(d) The amendment made by section 203(a) [enacting section 210(c) of the Emergency Jobs and Unemployment Assistance Act of 1974] shall take effect on December 31, 1974.

[“(e) The amendments made by subsections (b) and (e) of section 203 [enacting sections 205(c) to (e) and 210(a)(5) and (6) of the Emergency Jobs and Unemployment Assistance Act of 1974] shall take effect on the date of the enactment of this Act [June 30, 1974].”]

Agreements Under Special Unemployment Assistance Program To Be Modified To Reflect Amendment of Program by Emergency Compensation and Special Unemployment Assistance Extension Act of 1975

Section 204(a) of Pub. L. 94–45, June 30, 1975, 89 Stat. 242, provided that: “The Secretary of Labor shall, at the earliest practicable date after the date of the enactment of this Act [June 30, 1975], propose to each State with which he has in effect an agreement under section 202 of the Emergency Jobs and Unemployment Assistance Act of 1974 [Pub. L. 93–567, title II, set out above] a modification of such agreement designed to provide for the payment of the special unemployment assistance allowable under such Act by reason of the amendments made by section 201 [amending sections 206 and 208 of the Emergency Jobs and Unemployment Assistance Act of 1974]. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, if any State fails or refuses, within the three-week period beginning on the date of the enactment of this Act [June 30, 1975], to enter into such a modification of any such agreement, the Secretary of Labor shall terminate such agreement.”

Special Unemployment Assistance Programs; Individuals Performing Services for Educational Institutions or Agencies

Pub. L. 94–32, title I, §101, June 12, 1975, 89 Stat. 178, provided in part that: “Funds appropriated by this Act [Second Supplemental Appropriations Act, 1975], or any other Act, for the payments of special unemployment assistance under title II of the Emergency Jobs and Unemployment Assistance Act of 1974 [Pub. L. 93–567, title II, set out above] shall not be used for making such payments of assistance or waiting period credit, beginning after the date of enactment of this Act [June 12, 1975], to any individual who performs services in an instructional, research, or principal administrative capacity for an educational institution or agency with respect to any week commencing during the period between two successive academic years (or, when the contract provides instead for a similar period between two regular but not successive terms, during such similar period) if—

“(1) such individual performed services in any such capacity for any educational institution or agency for the first of such academic years or terms; and

“(2) such individual has a contract to perform services in any such capacity for any educational institution or agency for the latter of such academic years or terms.”

Emergency Unemployment Compensation Act of 1971

Pub. L. 92–224, title II, §§201–206, Dec. 29, 1971, 85 Stat. 811–814, as amended by Pub. L. 92–329, §§1, 2(e), June 30, 1972, 86 Stat. 398; Pub. L. 93–368, §4(a), Aug. 7, 1974, 88 Stat. 420; Pub. L. 99–514, §2, Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2095, provided:

“Sec. 201 [Short title]. This title may be cited as the ‘Emergency Unemployment Compensation Act of 1971’.

“Sec. 202 [Federal-State agreements]. (a) [State law requirements; termination of agreement] Any State, the State unemployment compensation law of which is approved by the Secretary of Labor (hereinafter in this title referred to as the ‘Secretary’), under section 3304 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 [formerly I.R.C. 1954], which desires to do so, may enter into and participate in an agreement with the Secretary under this title, if such State law contains (as of the date such agreement is entered into) a requirement that extended compensation be payable thereunder as provided by the Federal-State Extended Unemployment Compensation Act of 1970 [Pub. L. 91–373, title II, set out below]. Any State which is a party to an agreement under this title may, upon providing 30 days’ written notice to the Secretary, terminate such agreement.

“(b) [Emergency compensation] Any such agreement shall provide that the State agency of the State will make payments of emergency compensation—

“(1) to individuals who—

“(A)(i) have exhausted all rights to regular compensation under the State law;

“(ii) have exhausted all rights to extended compensation, or are not entitled thereto, because of the ending of their eligibility period for extended compensation, in such State;

“(B) have no rights to compensation (including both regular compensation and extended compensation) with respect to a week under such law or any other State unemployment compensation law or to compensation under any other Federal law; and

“(C) are not receiving compensation with respect to such week under the unemployment compensation law of the Virgin Islands or Canada.

“(2) for any week of unemployment which begins in—

“(A) an emergency benefit period (as defined in subsection (c)(3)); and

“(B) the individual's period of eligibility (as defined in section 205(b)).

“(c) [Regular and extended compensation rights, exhaustion; emergency benefit period; publication in Federal Register; State “emergency on” and “emergency off” indicators; rate of unemployment 13-week exhaustion rates] (1) For purposes of subsection (b)(1)(A), an individual shall be deemed to have exhausted his rights to regular compensation under a State law when—

“(A) no payments of regular compensation can be made under such law because such individual has re-received all regular compensation available to him based on employment or wages during his base period; or

“(B) his rights to such compensation have been terminated by reason of the expiration of the benefit year with respect to which such rights existed.

“(2) For purposes of subsection (b)(1)(B), an individual shall be deemed to have exhausted his rights to extended compensation under a State law when no payments of extended compensation under a State law can be made under such law because such individual has received all the extended compensation available to him from his extended compensation account (as established under State law in accordance with section 202(b)(1) of the Federal-State Extended Unemployment Compensation Act of 1970 [Pub. L. 91–373, title II, §202(b)(1), set out below]).

“(3)(A)(i) For purposes of subsection (b)(2)(A), in the case of any State, an emergency benefit period—

“(I) shall begin with the third week after a week for which there is a State ‘emergency on’ indicator; and

“(II) shall end with the third week after the first week for which there is a State ‘emergency off’ indicator.

“(ii) In the case of any State, no emergency benefit period shall last for a period of less than 26 consecutive weeks.

“(iii) When a determination has been made that an emergency benefit period is beginning or ending with respect to any State, the Secretary shall cause notice of such determination to be published in the Federal Register.

“(B)(i) For purposes of subparagraph (A), there is a State ‘emergency on’ indicator for a week if—

“(I) the rate of unemployment (as determined under subparagraph (C)) in the State for the period consisting of such week and the immediately preceding 12 weeks equaled or exceeded 6.5 per centum; and

“(II) there (a) is a State or National ‘on’ indicator for such week (as determined under subsections (d) and (e) of section 203 of the Federal-State Extended Unemployment Compensation Act of 1970 [Pub. L. 91–373, title II, §203(d), (e), set out below], or (b) there is neither a State nor National ‘on’ indicator for such week (as so determined), but (1) within the 52-week period ending with such week there has been a State or National ‘on’ indicator for a week (as so determined), and (2) there would be a State ‘on’ indicator for such week except for the provisions of section 203(e)(1)(A) of the Federal-State Extended Unemployment Compensation Act of 1970.

“(ii) For purposes of subparagraph (A), there is a State ‘emergency off’ indicator for a week if, for the period consisting of such week and the immediately preceding 12 weeks, the rate of unemployment (as determined under subparagraph (C)) is less than 6.5 per centum.

“(C)(i) For purposes of subparagraph (B), the term ‘rate of unemployment’ means—

“(I) the rate of insured unemployment (as determined under section 203(f) of the Federal-State Extended Unemployment Compensation Act of 1970 [Pub. L. 91–373, title II, §203(f), set out below]), plus

“(II) the 13-week exhaustion rate (as determined under clause (ii)).

“(ii) The ‘13-week exhaustion rate’ is the percentage arrived at by dividing—

“(I) 25 per centum of the sum of the exhaustions, during the most recent 12 calendar months ending before the week with respect to which such rate is computed, of regular compensation under the State law, by

“(II) the average monthly covered employment (as that term is used in section 203(f) of the Federal-State Extended Unemployment Compensation Act of 1970 [Pub. L. 91–373, title II, §203(f), set out below]) of the State with respect to the 13-week period referred to in subparagraph (B)(ii).

“(d) [Amount of emergency compensation; terms and conditions of State law for regular compensation] For purposes of any agreement under this title—

“(1) the amount of the emergency compensation which shall be payable to any individual for any week of total unemployment shall be equal to the amount of the regular compensation (including dependents’ allowances) payable to him during his benefit year under the State law; and

“(2) the terms and conditions of the State law which apply to claims for regular compensation and to the payment thereof shall (except where inconsistent with the provisions of this title or regulations of the Secretary promulgated to carry out this title) apply to claims for emergency compensation and the payment thereof.

“(e) [Emergency compensation account] (1) Any agreement under this title with a State shall provide that the State will establish, for each eligible individual who files an application for emergency compensation, an emergency compensation account.

“(2) The amount established in such account for any individual shall be equal to the lesser of—

“(A) 50 per centum of the total amount of regular compensation (including dependents allowances) payable to him with respect to the benefit year (as determined under the State law) on the basis of which he most recently received regular compensation; or

“(B) thirteen times his average weekly benefit amount (as determined for purposes of section 202(b)(1)(C) of the Federal-State Extended Unemployment Compensation Act of 1970 [Pub. L. 91–373, title II, §202(b)(1)(C), set out below]) for his benefit year.

“(f) [Effective dates] No emergency compensation shall be payable to any individual under an agreement entered into under this title for any week prior to the week following the week in which such agreement is entered into, or if later, the first week beginning more than 30 days after the date of enactment of this Act [Dec. 29, 1971]. No emergency compensation shall be payable to any individual under such an agreement for any week ending after—

“(1) December 31, 1972, or

“(2) March 31, 1973, in the case of an individual who (for a week ending before January 1, 1973) had a week with respect to which emergency compensation was payable under such agreement.

“Sec. 203. [Payments to States having agreements for the payment of emergency compensation]. (a) [Amount payable] There shall be paid to each State which has entered into an agreement under this title an amount equal to 100 per centum of the emergency compensation paid to individuals by the State pursuant to such agreement.

“(b) [Limitation] No payment shall be made to any State under this section in respect of compensation for which the State is entitled to reimbursement under the provisions of any Federal law other than this title.

“(c) [Calendar month basis; advances, reimbursement, and adjustments; method for estimates] Sums payable to any State by reason of such State's having an agreement under this title shall be payable, either in advance or by way of reimbursement (as may be determined by the Secretary), in such amounts as the Secretary estimates the State will be entitled to receive under this title for each calendar month, reduced or increased, as the case may be, by any amount by which the Secretary finds that his estimates for any prior calendar month were greater or less than the amounts which would have been paid to the State. Such estimates may be made on the basis of such statistical, sampling, or other method as may be agreed upon by the Secretary and the State agency of the State involved.

“Sec. 204 [Financing provisions]. (a) [Use of extended unemployment compensation account funds; certification] (1) Funds in the extended unemployment compensation account (as established by section 905 of the Social Security Act) [42 U.S.C. 1105] of the Unemployment Trust Fund shall be used for the making of payments to States having agreements entered into under this title.

“(2) The Secretary shall from time to time certify to the Secretary of the Treasury for payment to each State the sums payable to such State under this title. The Secretary of the Treasury, prior to audit or settlement by the General Accounting Office, shall make payments to the State in accordance with such certification, by transfers from the extended unemployment compensation account (as established by section 905 of the Social Security Act) [42 U.S.C. 1105] to the account of such State in the Unemployment Trust Fund.

“(b) [Authorization of appropriations; repayment of advances without interest] There are hereby authorized to be appropriated, without fiscal year limitation, to the extended unemployment compensation account, as repayable advances (without interest), such sums as may be necessary to carry out the purposes of this title. Amounts appropriated as repayable advances and paid to the States under section 203 shall be repaid, without interest, as provided in section 905(d) of the Social Security Act [42 U.S.C. 1105(d)].

“(c) [Subsec. (c) of section 204 enacted par. (3) of 42 U.S.C. 1103(b)].

“Sec. 205 [Definitions]. For purposes of this title—

“(a) the terms ‘compensation’, ‘regular compensation’, ‘extended compensation’, ‘base period’, ‘benefit year’, ‘State’, ‘State agency’, ‘State law’, and ‘week’ shall have the meanings assigned to them under section 205 of the Federal-State Extended Unemployment Compensation Act of 1970 [Pub. L. 91–373, title II, §205, set out below].

“(b) the term ‘period of eligibility’ means, in the case of any individual, the weeks in his benefit year which begin in an extended benefit period or an emergency benefit period and, if his benefit year ends within such extended benefit period, any weeks thereafter which begin in such extended benefit period or in such emergency benefit period; and

“(c) the term ‘extended benefit period’ shall have the meaning assigned to such term under section 203 of the Federal-State Extended Unemployment Compensation Act of 1970 [Pub. L. 91–373, title II, §203, set out below]. For purposes of any State law which refers to an extension under Federal law of the duration of benefits under the Federal-State Extended Unemployment Compensation Act of 1970, this title shall be treated as amendatory of such Act.

“Sec. 206 [Report by Secretary of Labor]. (a) The Secretary of Labor shall conduct a comprehensive study and review of the program established by the Emergency Unemployment Compensation Act of 1971, with a view to submitting to the Congress the report required to be submitted under subsection (b). Such study and review shall be conducted with particular regard to (1) the benefit payments made under such program, (2) projections of benefit payments which will be payable under such program after the period covered by such report, (3) the desirability of continuing such program after the period prescribed in section 202(f), and (4) the funding of the benefits payable under such program and the funding of benefits thereunder if such program should be continued after the period prescribed in section 202(f).

“(b) On or before May 1, 1972, the Secretary of Labor shall submit to the Congress a full and complete report on the study and review provided for in subsection (a). Such report shall cover the period ending March 31, 1972, and shall contain the recommendations of the Secretary of Labor with respect to such program, including but not limited to, the operation and funding of such program, and the desirability of extending such program after the period prescribed in section 202(f).”

Federal-State Extended Unemployment Compensation Act of 1970

Pub. L. 91–373, title II, §§201–207, Aug. 10, 1970, 84 Stat. 708–712, as amended by Pub. L. 92–599, title V, §501, Oct. 27, 1972, 86 Stat. 1326; Pub. L. 93–53, §5, July 1, 1973, 87 Stat. 137; Pub. L. 93–233, §20, Dec. 31, 1973, 87 Stat. 974; Pub. L. 93–256, §2, Mar. 28, 1974, 88 Stat. 53; Pub. L. 93–329, §2, June 30, 1974, 88 Stat. 288; Pub. L. 93–368, §3, Aug. 7, 1974, 88 Stat. 420; Pub. L. 93–572, §§106–108, Dec. 31, 1974, 88 Stat. 1872; Pub. L. 94–45, title I, §102(b), June 30, 1975, 89 Stat. 238; Pub. L. 94–566, title I, §116(d)(1), (2), title II, §212(a), title III, §311(a), (b), Oct. 20, 1976, 90 Stat. 2672, 2677, 2678; Pub. L. 96–364, title IV, §416(a), Sept. 26, 1980, 94 Stat. 1310; Pub. L. 96–499, title X, §§1022(a), 1024(a), Dec. 5, 1980, 94 Stat. 2656, 2658; Pub. L. 97–35, title XXIV, §§2401(a), (b), 2402(a), 2403(a), 2404(a), (b), title XXV, §2505(b), Aug. 13, 1981, 95 Stat. 874, 875, 876, 884; Pub. L. 97–248, title I, §191(a), Sept. 3, 1982, 96 Stat. 407; Pub. L. 97–258, §5(b), Sept. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 1068, 1081; Pub. L. 98–21, title V, §522(a), Apr. 20, 1983, 97 Stat. 148; Pub. L. 99–514, §2, Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2095; Pub. L. 102–318, title II, §§201, 202(a)(1), (b)(1), July 3, 1992, 106 Stat. 295, 296, provided:

“Sec. 201. [Short Title] This title may be cited as the ‘Federal-State Extended Unemployment Compensation Act of 1970’.

“Sec. 202. [Payment of Extended Compensation]

“(a) [State Law Requirements] (1) For purposes of section 3304(a)(11) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 [formerly I.R.C. 1954], a State law shall provide the payment of extended compensation shall be made, for any week of unemployment which begins in the individual's eligibility period, to individuals who have exhausted all rights to regular compensation under the State law and who have no rights to regular compensation with respect to such week under such law or any other State unemployment compensation law or to compensation under any other Federal law and are not receiving compensation with respect to such week under the unemployment compensation law of Canada. For purposes of the preceding sentence, an individual shall have exhausted his rights to regular compensation under a State law (A) when no payments of regular compensation can be made under such law because such individual has received all regular compensation available to him based on employment or wages during his base period, or (B) when his rights to such compensation have terminated by reason of the expiration of the benefit year with respect to which such rights existed.

“(2) Except where inconsistent with the provisions of this title, the terms and conditions of the State law which apply to claims for regular compensation and to the payment thereof shall apply to claims for extended compensation and to the payment thereof.

“(3)(A) Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph (2), payment of extended compensation under this Act [see Short Title of 1970 Amendment note set out under section 3311 of this title] shall not be made to any individual for any week of unemployment in his eligibility period—

“(i) during which he fails to accept any offer of suitable work (as defined in subparagraph (c) [probably means subpar. (C)]) or fails to apply for any suitable work to which he was referred by the State agency; or

“(ii) during which he fails to actively engage in seeking work, unless such individual is not actively engaged in seeking work because such individual is, as determined in accordance with State law—

“(I) before any court of the United States or any State pursuant to a lawfully issued summons to appear for jury duty (as such term may be defined by the Secretary of Labor), or

“(II) hospitalized for treatment of an emergency or a life-threatening condition (as such term may be defined by such Secretary),

if such exemptions in clauses (I) and (II) apply to recipients of regular benefits, and the State chooses to apply such exemptions for recipients of extended benefits.

“(B) If any individual is ineligible for extended compensation for any week by reason of a failure described in clause (i) or (ii) of subparagraph (A), the individual shall be ineligible to receive extended compensation for any week which begins during a period which—

“(i) begins with the week following the week in which such failure occurs, and

“(ii) does not end until such individual has been employed during at least 4 weeks which begin after such failure and the total of the remuneration earned by the individual for being so employed is not less than the product of 4 multiplied by the individual's average weekly benefit amount (as determined for purposes of subsection (b)(1)(c) [probably means subsec. (b)(1)(C)]) for his benefit year.

“(C) For purposes of this paragraph, the term ‘suitable work’ means, with respect to any individual, any work which is within such individual's capabilities; except that, if the individual furnishes evidence satisfactory to the State agency that such individual's prospects for obtaining work in his customary occupation within a reasonably short period are good, the determination of whether any work is suitable work with respect to such individual shall be made in accordance with the applicable State law.

“(D) Extended compensation shall not be denied under clause (i) of subparagraph (A) to any individual for any week by reason of a failure to accept an offer of, or apply for, suitable work—

“(i) if the gross average weekly remuneration payable to such individual for the position does not exceed the sum of—

“(I) the individual's average weekly benefit amount (as determined for purposes of subsection (b)(1)(C)) for his benefit year, plus

“(II) the amount (if any) of supplemental unemployment compensation benefits (as defined in section 501(c)(17)(D) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986) payable to such individual for such week;

“(ii) if the position was not offered to such individual in writing and was not listed with the State employment service;

“(iii) if such failure would not result in a denial of compensation under the provisions of the applicable State law to the extent that such provisions are not inconsistent with the provisions of subparagraphs (C) and (E); or

“(iv) if the position pays wages less than the higher of—

“(I) the minimum wage provided by section 6(a)(1) of the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 [29 U.S.C. 206(a)(1)], without regard to any exemption; or

“(II) any applicable State or local minimum wage.

“(E) For purposes of this paragraph, an individual shall be treated as actively engaged in seeking work during any week if—

“(i) the individual has engaged in a systematic and sustained effort to obtain work during such week, and

“(ii) the individual provides tangible evidence to the State agency that he has engaged in such an effort during such week.

“(F) For purposes of section 3304(a)(11) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, a State law shall provide for referring applicants for benefits under this Act [see Short Title of 1970 Amendment note set out under section 3311 of this title] to any suitable work to which clauses (i), (ii), (iii), and (iv) of subparagraph (D) would not apply.

“(4) No provision of State law which terminates a disqualification for voluntarily leaving employment, being discharged for misconduct, or refusing suitable employment shall apply for purposes of determining eligibility for extended compensation unless such termination is based upon employment subsequent to the date of such disqualification.

“(5) Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph (2), an individual shall not be eligible for extended compensation unless, in the base period with respect to which the individual exhausted all rights to regular compensation under the State law, the individual had 20 weeks of full-time insured employment, or the equivalent in insured wages. For purposes of this paragraph, the equivalent in insured wages shall be earnings covered by the State law for compensation purposes which exceed 40 times the individual's most recent weekly benefit amount or 11/2 times the individual's insured wages in that calendar quarter of the base period in which the individual's insured wages were the highest (or one such quarter if his wages were the same for more than one such quarter). The State shall by law provide which one or more of the foregoing methods of measuring employment and earnings shall be used in that State.

“(6) No payment shall be made under this Act [see Short Title of 1970 Amendment note set out under section 3311 of this title] to any State in respect of any extended compensation or sharable regular compensation paid to any individual for any week if, under the rules of paragraphs (3), (4), and (5), extended compensation would not have been payable to such individual for such week.

“(7) Paragraphs (3) and (4) shall not apply to weeks of unemployment beginning after March 6, 1993, and before January 1, 1995, and no provision of State law in conformity with such paragraphs shall apply during such period.

“(b) [Individual's Compensation Accounts] (1) The State law shall provide that the State will establish, for each eligible individual who files an application therefor, an extended compensation account with respect to such individual's benefit year. The amount established in such account shall be not less than whichever of the following is the least:

“(A) 50 per centum of the total amount of regular compensation (including dependents’ allowances) payable to him during such benefit year under such law,

“(B) thirteen times his average weekly benefit amount, or

“(C) thirty-nine times his average weekly benefit amount, reduced by the regular compensation paid (or deemed paid) to him during such benefit year under such law;

except that the amount so determined shall (if the State law so provides) be reduced by the aggregate amount of additional compensation paid (or deemed paid) to him under such law for prior weeks of unemployment in such benefit year which did not begin in an extended benefit period.

“(2) For purposes of paragraph (1), an individual's weekly benefit amount for a week is the amount of regular compensation (including dependents’ allowances) under the State law payable to such individual for such week for total unemployment.

“(3)(A) Effective with respect to weeks beginning in a high unemployment period, paragraph (1) shall be applied by substituting—

“(i) ‘80 per centum’ for ‘50 per centum’ in subparagraph (A),

“(ii) ‘twenty’ for ‘thirteen’ in subparagraph (B), and

“(iii) ‘forty-six’ for ‘thirty-nine’ in subparagraph (C).

“(B) For purposes of subparagraph (A), the term ‘high unemployment period’ means any period during which an extended benefit period would be in effect if section 203(f)(1)(A)(i) were applied by substituting ‘8 percent’ for ‘6.5 percent’.

“(c) [Cessation of Extended Benefits When Paid Under an Interstate Claim in a State Where Extended Benefit Period Is Not in Effect] (1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), payment of extended compensation shall not be made to any individual for any week if—

“(A) extended compensation would (but for this subsection) have been payable for such week pursuant to an interstate claim filed in any State under the interstate benefit payment plan, and

“(B) an extended benefit period is not in effect for such week in such State.

“(2) Paragraph (1) shall not apply with respect to the first 2 weeks for which extended compensation is payable (determined without regard to this subsection) pursuant to an interstate claim filed under the interstate benefit payment plan to the individual from the extended compensation account established for the benefit year.

“(3) Section 3304(a)(9)(A) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 shall not apply to any denial of compensation required under this subsection.

“Sec. 203. [Extended Benefit Period]

“(a) [Beginning and Ending] For purposes of this title, in the case of any State, an extended benefit period—

“(1) shall begin with the third week after the first week for which there is a State ‘on’ indicator; and

“(2) shall end with the third week after the first week for which there is a State ‘off’ indicator.

“(b) [Special Rules] (1) In the case of any State—

“(A) no extended benefit period shall last for a period of less than thirteen consecutive weeks, and

“(B) no extended benefit period may begin before the fourteenth week after the close of a prior extended benefit period with respect to such State.

“(2) When a determination has been made that an extended benefit period is beginning or ending with respect to a State, the Secretary shall cause notice of such determination to be published in the Federal Register.

“(c) [Eligibility Period] For purposes of this title, an individual's eligibility period under the State law shall consist of the weeks in his benefit year which begin in an extended benefit period and, if his benefit year ends within such extended benefit period, any weeks thereafter which begin in such extended benefit period.

“(d) [State ‘On’ and ‘Off’ Indicators] For purposes of this section—

“(1) There is a State ‘on’ indicator for a week if the rate of insured unemployment under the State law for the period consisting of such week and the immediately preceding twelve weeks—

“(A) equaled or exceeded 120 per centum of the average of such rates for the corresponding thirteen-week period ending in each of the preceding two calendar years, and

“(B) equaled or exceeded 5 per centum.

“(2) There is a State ‘off’ indicator for a week if, for the period consisting of such week and the immediately preceding twelve weeks, either subparagraph (A) or subparagraph (B) of paragraph (1) is not satisfied.

Effective with respect to compensation for weeks of unemployment beginning after March 30, 1977 (or, if later, the date established pursuant to State law), the State may by law provide that the determination of whether there has been a State ‘on’ or ‘off’ indicator beginning or ending any extended benefit period shall be made under this subsection as if (i) paragraph (1) did not contain subparagraph (A) thereof, and (ii) the figure ‘5’ contained in subparagraph (B) thereof were ‘6’; except that, notwithstanding any such provision of State law, any week for which there would otherwise be a State ‘on’ indicator shall continue to be such a week and shall not be determined to be a week for which there is a State ‘off’ indicator. For purposes of this subsection, the rate of insured unemployment for any thirteen-week period shall be determined by reference to the average monthly covered employment under the State law for the first four of the most recent six calendar quarters ending before the close of such period.

“(e) [Rate of Insured Unemployment; Covered Employment] (1) For purposes of subsection (d), the term ‘rate of insured unemployment’ means the percentage arrived at by dividing—

“(A) the average weekly number of individuals filing claims for regular compensation for weeks of unemployment with respect to the specified period, as determined on the basis of the reports made by the State agency to the Secretary, by

“(B) the average monthly covered employment for the specified period.

“(2) Determinations under subsection (d) shall be made by the State agency in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary.

“(f) [Alternative Trigger] (1) Effective with respect to compensation for weeks of unemployment beginning after March 6, 1993, the State may by law provide that for purposes of beginning or ending any extended benefit period under this section—

“(A) there is a State ‘on’ indicator for a week if—

“(i) the average rate of total unemployment in such State (seasonally adjusted) for the period consisting of the most recent 3 months for which data for all States are published before the close of such week equals or exceeds 6.5 percent, and

“(ii) the average rate of total unemployment in such State (seasonally adjusted) for the 3-month period referred to in clause (i) equals or exceeds 110 percent of such average rate for either (or both) of the corresponding 3-month periods ending in the 2 preceding calendar years; and

“(B) there is a State ‘off’ indicator for a week if either the requirements of clause (i) or clause (ii) of subparagraph (A) are not satisfied.

Notwithstanding the provision of any State law described in this paragraph, any week for which there would otherwise be a State ‘on’ indicator shall continue to be such a week and shall not be determined to be a week for which there is a State ‘off’ indicator.

“(2) For purposes of this subsection, determinations of the rate of total unemployment in any State for any period (and of any seasonal adjustment) shall be made by the Secretary.

“Sec. 204. [Payments to States]

“(a) [Amount Payable] (1) There shall be paid to each State an amount equal to one-half of the sum of—

“(A) the sharable extended compensation, and

“(B) the sharable regular compensation,

paid to individuals under the State law.

“(2) No payment shall be made to any State under this subsection in respect of compensation (A) for which the State is entitled to reimbursement under the provisions of any Federal law other than this Act, (B) paid for the first week in an individual's eligibility period for which extended compensation or sharable regular compensation is paid, if the State law of such State provides for payment (at any time or under any circumstances) of regular compensation to an individual for his first week of otherwise compensable unemployment, (C) paid for any week with respect to which such benefits are not payable by reason of section 233(d) of the Trade Act of 1974 [19 U.S.C. 2293(d)], or (D) paid to an individual with respect to a week of unemployment to the extent that such amount exceeds the amount of such compensation which would be paid to such individual if such State had a benefit structure which provided that the amount of compensation otherwise payable to any individual for any week shall be rounded (if not a full dollar amount) to the nearest lower full dollar amount.

“(3) The amount which, but for this paragraph, would be payable under this subsection to any State in respect of any compensation paid to an individual whose base period wages include wages for services to which section 3306(c)(7) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 applies shall be reduced by an amount which bears the same ratio to the amount which, but for this paragraph, would be payable under this subsection to such State in respect of such compensation as the amount of the base period wages attributable to such services bears to the total amount of the base period wages.

“(b) [Sharable Extended Compensation] For purposes of subsection (a)(1)(A), extended compensation paid to an individual for weeks of unemployment in such individual's eligibility period is sharable extended compensation to the extent that the aggregate extended compensation paid to such individual with respect to any benefit year does not exceed the smallest of the amounts referred to in subparagraphs (A), (B), and (C) of section 202(b)(1).

“(c) [Sharable Regular Compensation] For purposes of subsection (a)(1)(B), regular compensation paid to an individual for a week of unemployment is sharable regular compensation—

“(1) if such week is in such individual's eligibility period (determined under section 203(c)), and

“(2) to the extent that the sum of such compensation, plus the regular compensation paid (or deemed paid) to him with respect to prior weeks of unemployment in the benefit year, exceeds twenty-six times (and does not exceed thirty-nine, forty-six in any case where section 202(b)(3)(A) applies[,] times) the average weekly benefit amount (including allowances for dependents) for weeks of total unemployment payable to such individual under the State law in such benefit year.

“(d) [Payment on Calendar Month Basis] There shall be paid to each State either in advance or by way of reimbursement, as may be determined by the Secretary, such sum as the Secretary estimates the State will be entitled to receive under this title for each calendar month, reduced or increased, as the case may be, by any sum by which the Secretary finds that his estimates for any prior calendar month were greater or less than the amounts which should have been paid to the State. Such estimates may be made upon the basis of such statistical, sampling, or other method as may be agreed upon by the Secretary and the State agency.

“(e) [Certification] The Secretary shall from time to time certify to the Secretary of the Treasury for payment to each State the sums payable to such State under this section. The Secretary of the Treasury, prior to audit or settlement by the General Accounting Office, shall make payment to the State in accordance with such certification, by transfers from the extended unemployment compensation account to the account of such State in the Unemployment Trust Fund.

“Sec. 205. [Definitions] For purposes of this title—

“(1) The term ‘compensation’ means cash benefits payable to individuals with respect to their unemployment.

“(2) The term ‘regular compensation’ means compensation payable to an individual under any State unemployment compensation law (including compensation payable pursuant to 5 U.S.C. chapter 85), other than extended compensation and additional compensation.

“(3) The term ‘extended compensation’ means compensation (including additional compensation and compensation payable pursuant to 5 U.S.C. chapter 85) payable for weeks of unemployment beginning in an extended benefit period to an individual under those provisions of the State law which satisfy the requirements of this title with respect to the payment of extended compensation.

“(4) The term ‘additional compensation’ means compensation payable to exhaustees by reason of conditions of high unemployment or by reason of other special factors.

“(5) The term ‘benefit year’ means the benefit year as defined in the applicable State law.

“(6) The term ‘base period’ means the base period as determined under applicable State law for the benefit year.

“(7) The term ‘Secretary’ means the Secretary of Labor of the United States.

“(8) The term ‘State’ includes the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands.

“(9) The term ‘State agency’ means the agency of the State which administers its State law.

“(10) The term ‘State law’ means the unemployment compensation law of the State, approved by the Secretary under section 3304 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986.

“(11) The term ‘week’ means a week as defined in the applicable State law.

“Sec. 206. [Approval of State Laws] [This section amended section 3304(a) of the Internal Revenue Code by adding par. (11) thereof.]

“Sec. 207. [Effective Dates] (a) Except as provided in subsection (b)—

“(1) in applying section 203, no extended benefit period may begin with a week beginning before January 1, 1972; and

“(2) section 204 shall apply only with respect to weeks of unemployment beginning after December 31, 1971.

“(b)(1) In the case of a State law approved under section 3304(a)(11) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, such State law may also provide that an extended benefit period may begin with a week established pursuant to such law which begins earlier than January 1, 1972, but not earlier than 60 days after the date of the enactment of this Act [Aug. 10, 1970].

“(2) For purposes of paragraph (1) with respect to weeks beginning before January 1, 1972, the extended benefit period for the State shall be determined under section 203(a) solely by reference to the State ‘on’ indicator and the State ‘off’ indicator.

“(3) In the case of a State law containing a provision described in paragraph (1), section 204 shall also apply with respect to weeks of unemployment in extended benefit periods determined pursuant to paragraph (1).

“(c) Section 3304(a)(11) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (as added by section 206) shall not be a requirement for the State law of any State—

“(1) in the case of any State the legislature of which does not meet in a regular session which closes during the calendar year 1971, with respect to any week of unemployment which begins prior to July 1, 1972; or

“(2) in the case of any other State, with respect to any week of unemployment which begins prior to January 1, 1972.”

[Section 202(a)(2) of Pub. L. 102–318 provided that:

[“(A) In general.—Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the amendment made by paragraph (1) [amending section 202(a)(5) of Pub. L. 91–373, set out above] shall apply for purposes of extended unemployment compensation and emergency unemployment compensation to weeks of unemployment beginning on or after the date of the enactment of this Act [July 3, 1992].

[“(B) Waiver of recovery of certain overpayments.—On and after the date of the enactment of this Act, no repayment of any emergency unemployment compensation shall be required under section 105 of the Emergency Unemployment Compensation Act of 1991 (Public Law 102–164, as amended [set out above]) if the individual would have been entitled to receive such compensation had the amendment made by paragraph (1) applied to all weeks beginning before the date of the enactment of this Act.”]

[Section 522(b) of Pub. L. 98–21 provided that: “The amendment made by this section [amending section 202(a)(3)(A)(ii) of Pub. L. 91–373, set out above] shall become effective on the date of the enactment of this Act [Apr. 20, 1983].”]

[Section 191(b) of Pub. L. 97–248 provided that:

[“(1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), the amendments made by this section [amending section 204(a)(2) of Pub. L. 91–373, set out above] shall apply in the case of compensation paid to individuals during eligibility periods beginning on or after October 1, 1983.

[“(2) In the case of a State with respect to which the Secretary of Labor has determined that State legislation is required in order to provide for rounding down of unemployment compensation amounts, the amendment made by this section [amending section 204(a)(2) of Pub. L. 91–373, set out above] shall apply in the case of compensation paid to individuals during eligibility periods which begin on or after October 1, 1983, and after the end of the first session of the State legislature which begins after the date of the enactment of this Act [Sept. 3, 1982], or which began prior to the date of the enactment of this Act and remained in session for at least twenty-five calendar days after such date of enactment. For purposes of the preceding sentence, the term ‘session’ means a regular, special, budget, or other session of a State legislature.”]

[Section 2401(c) of Pub. L. 97–35 provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending sections 203 and 204(a)(3), (4) of Pub. L. 91–373, set out above] shall apply to weeks beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act [Aug. 13, 1981].”]

[Section 2402(b) of Pub. L. 97–35 provided that: “The amendment made by subsection (a) [amending section 203(e)(1)(A) of Pub. L. 91–373, set out above] shall apply for purposes of determining whether there are State ‘on’ or ‘off’ indicators for weeks beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act [Aug. 13, 1981]. For purposes of making such determinations for such weeks, such amendment shall be deemed to be in effect for all weeks whether beginning before, on, or after such date of enactment.”]

[Section 2403(b) of Pub. L. 97–35 provided that: “The amendments made by subsection (a) [amending section 203(d) of Pub. L. 91–373, set out above] shall apply to weeks beginning after September 25, 1982.”]

[Section 2404(c) of Pub. L. 97–34 provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending section 202(a)(5), (6) of Pub. L. 91–373, set out above] shall apply with respect to extended compensation and sharable regular compensation payable for weeks which begin after September 25, 1982.”]

[Amendment by sections 2401–2404 of Pub. L. 97–35 (amending Pub. L. 91–373, set out above) required to be included in State unemployment compensation laws for purposes of certifications, see section 2408(b) of Pub. L. 97–35, set out above.]

[Amendment by section 2505(b) of Pub. L. 97–35 (amending section 204(a)(2)(C) of Pub. L. 91–373, set out above) applicable to allowances payable for weeks of unemployment which begin after Sept. 30, 1981, and transitional provisions applicable, see section 2514 of Pub. L. 97–35, set out as an Effective Date of 1981 Amendment and Transitional Provisions note under section 2291 of Title 19, Customs Duties.]

[Section 1022(b) of Pub. L. 96–499 provided that:

[“(1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), the amendments made by this section [amending section 204(a)(2) of Pub. L. 91–373, set out above] shall apply in the case of compensation paid to individuals during eligibility periods beginning on or after the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 5, 1980].

[“(2) In the case of a State with respect to which the Secretary of Labor has determined that State legislation is required in order to eliminate its current policy of paying regular compensation to an individual for his first week of otherwise compensable unemployment, the amendments made by this section [amending section 204(a)(2) of Pub. L. 91–373, set out above] shall apply in the case of compensation paid to individuals during eligibility periods beginning after the end of the first regularly scheduled session of the State legislature ending more than thirty days after the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 5, 1980].”]

[Section 1024(b) of Pub. L. 96–499 provided that: “The amendment made by this section [amending section 202(a) of Pub. L. 91–373, set out above] shall apply with respect to weeks of unemployment beginning after March 31, 1981.”]

[Section 416(b) of Pub. L. 96–364, as amended by Pub. L. 99–514, §2, Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2095, provided that:

[“(1) In general.—The amendment made by subsection (a) [amending subsec. 202(c) of Pub. L. 91–373, set out above] shall apply to weeks of unemployment beginning after October 1, 1980; except that such amendment shall not be a requirement of any State law under section 3304(a)(11) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 [formerly I.R.C. 1954] for any week which begins before June 1, 1981.

[“(2) Special rule for certain states.—In the case of any State the legislature of which does not meet in a regular session which begins during calendar year 1981 and before April 1, 1981, paragraph (1) shall be applied by substituting ‘June 1, 1982’ for ‘June 1, 1981’.”]

[Section 116(f)(1) of Pub. L. 94–566, set out as an Effective Date of 1976 Amendment note above, provided in part that the deletion of “the Virgin Islands or” from section 202(a)(1) of Pub. L. 91–373, set out above, and the insertion of “and the Virgin Islands” in section 205(8) thereof shall take effect on the later of Oct. 1, 1976, or the day after the day on which the Secretary of Labor approves under section 3304(a) of this title an unemployment compensation law submitted to him by the Virgin Islands for approval.]

[Section 212(b) of Pub. L. 94–566 provided that: “The amendment made by this section [enacting section 204(a)(4) of Pub. L. 91–373, set out above] shall apply with respect to compensation paid for weeks of unemployment beginning on or after January 1, 1979.”]

[Section 311(c) of Pub. L. 94–566 provided that: “The amendment made by subsection (a) of this section [amending section 203(d) of Pub. L. 91–373, set out above] shall apply to weeks beginning after December 31, 1976, and the amendments made by subsection (b) of this section [amending section 203(e) of Pub. L. 91–373, set out above] shall apply to weeks beginning after March 30, 1977.”]

Study and Report by Secretary of Labor Covering Emergency Unemployment Compensation Program and Special Unemployment Assistance Program; Report On or Before Jan. 1, 1977

Section 104 of Pub. L. 94–45, June 30, 1975, 89 Stat. 238, provided that: “The Secretary of Labor shall conduct a study and review of the program established by the Emergency Unemployment Compensation Act of 1974 [Pub. L. 93–572, set out above] and the program established under title II of the Emergency Jobs and Unemployment Assistance Act of 1974 [Pub. L. 93–567, title II, set out above] and shall submit to the Congress not later than January 1, 1977, a report on such study and review. Such study and review shall include—

“(1) the employment, economic, and demographic characteristics of individuals receiving benefits under either such program,

“(2) the needs of the long-term unemployed for job counseling, testing, referral and placement services, skill and apprenticeship training, career-related education programs, and public service employment opportunities, and

“(3) an examination of all other benefits to which individuals receiving benefits under either such program are eligible together with an investigation of important factors affecting unemployment, a comparison of the aggregate value of such other benefits plus benefits received under either such program with the amount of compensation received by such individuals in their most recent position of employment.”

Loans to Unemployment Fund of Virgin Islands

Pub. L. 94–45, title III, §301, June 30, 1975, 89 Stat. 243, as amended by Pub. L. 94–354, July 12, 1976, 90 Stat. 888; Pub. L. 99–514, §2, Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2095, provided that:

“(a) The Secretary of Labor (hereinafter in this section referred to as the ‘Secretary’) may make loans to the Virgin Islands in such amounts as he determines to be necessary for the payment in any month of compensation under the unemployment compensation law of the Virgin Islands. A loan may be made under this subsection for the payment of compensation in any month only if—

“(1) the Governor of the Virgin Islands submits an application therefor no earlier than the first day of the preceding month; and

“(2) such application contains an estimate of the amount of the loan which will be required by the Virgin Islands for the payment of compensation in such month.

“(b) For purposes of this section—

“(1) an application for loan under subsection (a) shall be made on such forms and shall contain such information and data (fiscal and otherwise) concerning the operation and administration of the unemployment compensation law of the Virgin Islands as the Secretary deems necessary or relevant to the performance of his duties under this section;

“(2) the amount required by the Virgin Islands for the payment of compensation in any month shall be determined with due allowance for contingencies and taking into account all other amounts that will be available in the unemployment fund of the Virgin Islands for the payment of compensation in such month; and

“(3) the term ‘compensation’ means cash benefits payable to individuals with respect to their unemployment, exclusive of expenses of administration.

“(c) Any loan made under subsection (a) shall be repayable (without interest) not later than January 1, 1979. If after January 1, 1979, any portion of any such loan remains unpaid, the Virgin Islands shall pay interest thereon, until the loan is paid in full, at a rate equal to the rate of interest in effect under section 6621 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 [formerly I.R.C. 1954]. If at some future date the Federal Unemployment Tax Act [section 3301 et seq. of this title] shall be made applicable to the Virgin Islands, then, any amount of principal or interest due on any such loan remaining unpaid on such date shall be treated, for purposes of section 3302(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as an advance made to the Virgin Islands under title XII of the Social Security Act [42 U.S.C. 1321 et seq.].

“(d) No loan may be made under subsection (a) for any month beginning after September 30, 1977. The aggregate of the loans which may be made under subsection (a) shall not exceed ,000,000.

“(e) There are authorized to be appropriated from the general fund of the Treasury such sums as may be necessary to carry out this section.”

Unemployment Compensation Law of Commonwealth of Puerto Rico

Section 543(b) of Pub. L. 86–778, title V, Sept. 13, 1960, 74 Stat. 986, provided that: “The unemployment compensation law of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico shall be considered as meeting the requirements of—

“(1) Section 3304(a)(2) of the Federal Unemployment Tax Act [26 U.S.C. 3304(a)(2)], if such law provides that no compensation is payable with respect to any day of unemployment occurring before January 1, 1959.

“(2) Section 3304(a)(3) of the Federal Unemployment Tax Act [26 U.S.C. 3304(a)(3)] and section 303(a)(4) of the Social Security Act [42 U.S.C. 503(a)(4)], if such law contains the provisions required by those sections and if it requires that, on or before February 1, 1961, there be paid over to the Secretary of the Treasury, for credit to the Puerto Rico account in the Unemployment Trust Fund, an amount equal to the excess of—

“(A) the aggregate of the moneys received in the Puerto Rico unemployment fund before January 1, 1961, over

“(B) the aggregate of the moneys paid from such fund before January 1, 1961, as unemployment compensation or as refunds of contributions erroneously paid.”

Cross References

Withdrawal as breach of conditions, see note set out under section 363 of Title 45, Railroads.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 41, 170, 3302, 3303, 3305, 3309, 3310, 6103 of this title; title 2 section 906; title 19 section 2319; title 29 section 1661c; title 42 sections 1103, 1320b–7, 1322.