2009 Texas Code
CIVIL PRACTICE AND REMEDIES CODE
TITLE 2. TRIAL, JUDGMENT, AND APPEAL
CHAPTER 15. VENUE  

CIVIL PRACTICE AND REMEDIES CODE

TITLE 2. TRIAL, JUDGMENT, AND APPEAL

SUBTITLE B. TRIAL MATTERS

CHAPTER 15. VENUE

SUBCHAPTER A. DEFINITIONS; GENERAL RULES

Sec. 15.001. DEFINITIONS. In this chapter:

(a) "Principal office" means a principal office of the

corporation, unincorporated association, or partnership in this

state in which the decision makers for the organization within

this state conduct the daily affairs of the organization. The

mere presence of an agency or representative does not establish a

principal office.

(b) "Proper venue" means:

(1) the venue required by the mandatory provisions of Subchapter

B or another statute prescribing mandatory venue; or

(2) if Subdivision (1) does not apply, the venue provided by

this subchapter or Subchapter C.

Added by Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 138, Sec. 1, eff. Aug. 28,

1995.

Sec. 15.002. VENUE: GENERAL RULE. (a) Except as otherwise

provided by this subchapter or Subchapter B or C, all lawsuits

shall be brought:

(1) in the county in which all or a substantial part of the

events or omissions giving rise to the claim occurred;

(2) in the county of defendant's residence at the time the cause

of action accrued if defendant is a natural person;

(3) in the county of the defendant's principal office in this

state, if the defendant is not a natural person; or

(4) if Subdivisions (1), (2), and (3) do not apply, in the

county in which the plaintiff resided at the time of the accrual

of the cause of action.

(b) For the convenience of the parties and witnesses and in the

interest of justice, a court may transfer an action from a county

of proper venue under this subchapter or Subchapter C to any

other county of proper venue on motion of a defendant filed and

served concurrently with or before the filing of the answer,

where the court finds:

(1) maintenance of the action in the county of suit would work

an injustice to the movant considering the movant's economic and

personal hardship;

(2) the balance of interests of all the parties predominates in

favor of the action being brought in the other county; and

(3) the transfer of the action would not work an injustice to

any other party.

(c) A court's ruling or decision to grant or deny a transfer

under Subsection (b) is not grounds for appeal or mandamus and is

not reversible error.

Acts 1985, 69th Leg., ch. 959, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1985.

Renumbered from Civil Practice & Remedies Code Sec. 15.001

and amended by Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 138, Sec. 1, eff. Aug.

28, 1995.

Sec. 15.003. MULTIPLE PLAINTIFFS AND INTERVENING PLAINTIFFS.

(a) In a suit in which there is more than one plaintiff, whether

the plaintiffs are included by joinder, by intervention, because

the lawsuit was begun by more than one plaintiff, or otherwise,

each plaintiff must, independently of every other plaintiff,

establish proper venue. If a plaintiff cannot independently

establish proper venue, that plaintiff's part of the suit,

including all of that plaintiff's claims and causes of action,

must be transferred to a county of proper venue or dismissed, as

is appropriate, unless that plaintiff, independently of every

other plaintiff, establishes that:

(1) joinder of that plaintiff or intervention in the suit by

that plaintiff is proper under the Texas Rules of Civil

Procedure;

(2) maintaining venue as to that plaintiff in the county of suit

does not unfairly prejudice another party to the suit;

(3) there is an essential need to have that plaintiff's claim

tried in the county in which the suit is pending; and

(4) the county in which the suit is pending is a fair and

convenient venue for that plaintiff and all persons against whom

the suit is brought.

(b) An interlocutory appeal may be taken of a trial court's

determination under Subsection (a) that:

(1) a plaintiff did or did not independently establish proper

venue; or

(2) a plaintiff that did not independently establish proper

venue did or did not establish the items prescribed by

Subsections (a)(1)-(4).

(c) An interlocutory appeal permitted by Subsection (b) must be

taken to the court of appeals district in which the trial court

is located under the procedures established for interlocutory

appeals. The appeal may be taken by a party that is affected by

the trial court's determination under Subsection (a). The court

of appeals shall:

(1) determine whether the trial court's order is proper based on

an independent determination from the record and not under either

an abuse of discretion or substantial evidence standard; and

(2) render judgment not later than the 120th day after the date

the appeal is perfected.

(d) An interlocutory appeal under Subsection (b) has the effect

of staying the commencement of trial in the trial court pending

resolution of the appeal.

Added by Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 138, Sec. 1, eff. Aug. 28,

1995. Amended by Acts 2003, 78th Leg., ch. 204, Sec. 3.03, eff.

Sept. 1, 2003.

Sec. 15.004. MANDATORY VENUE PROVISIONS GOVERNS MULTIPLE CLAIMS.

In a suit in which a plaintiff properly joins two or more claims

or causes of action arising from the same transaction,

occurrence, or series of transactions or occurrences, and one of

the claims or causes of action is governed by the mandatory venue

provisions of Subchapter B, the suit shall be brought in the

county required by the mandatory venue provision.

Added by Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 138, Sec. 1, eff. Aug. 28,

1995.

Sec. 15.005. MULTIPLE DEFENDANTS. In a suit in which the

plaintiff has established proper venue against a defendant, the

court also has venue of all the defendants in all claims or

actions arising out of the same transaction, occurrence, or

series of transactions or occurrences.

Added by Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 138, Sec. 1, eff. Aug. 28,

1995.

Sec. 15.006. VENUE DETERMINED BY FACTS EXISTING AT THE TIME OF

ACCRUAL. A court shall determine the venue of a suit based on

the facts existing at the time the cause of action that is the

basis of the suit accrued.

Added by Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 138, Sec. 1, eff. Aug. 28,

1995.

Sec. 15.007. CONFLICT WITH CERTAIN PROVISIONS. Notwithstanding

Sections 15.004, 15.005, and 15.031, to the extent that venue

under this chapter for a suit by or against an executor,

administrator, or guardian as such, for personal injury, death,

or property damage conflicts with venue provisions under the

Texas Probate Code, this chapter controls.

Added by Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 138, Sec. 1, eff. Aug. 28,

1995.

SUBCHAPTER B. MANDATORY VENUE

Sec. 15.011. LAND. Actions for recovery of real property or an

estate or interest in real property, for partition of real

property, to remove encumbrances from the title to real property,

for recovery of damages to real property, or to quiet title to

real property shall be brought in the county in which all or a

part of the property is located.

Acts 1985, 69th Leg., ch. 959, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1985.

Amended by Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 138, Sec. 2, eff. Aug. 28,

1995.

Sec. 15.0115. LANDLORD-TENANT. (a) Except as provided by

another statute prescribing mandatory venue, a suit between a

landlord and a tenant arising under a lease shall be brought in

the county in which all or a part of the real property is

located.

(b) In this section, "lease" means any written or oral agreement

between a landlord and a tenant that establishes or modifies the

terms, conditions, or other provisions relating to the use and

occupancy of the real property that is the subject of the

agreement.

Added by Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 138, Sec. 2, eff. Aug. 28,

1995.

Sec. 15.012. INJUNCTION AGAINST SUIT. Actions to stay

proceedings in a suit shall be brought in the county in which the

suit is pending.

Acts 1985, 69th Leg., ch. 959, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1985.

Sec. 15.013. INJUNCTION AGAINST EXECUTION OF JUDGMENT. Actions

to restrain execution of a judgment based on invalidity of the

judgment or of the writ shall be brought in the county in which

the judgment was rendered.

Acts 1985, 69th Leg., ch. 959, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1985.

Sec. 15.014. HEAD OF STATE DEPARTMENT. An action for mandamus

against the head of a department of the state government shall be

brought in Travis County.

Acts 1985, 69th Leg., ch. 959, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1985.

Sec. 15.015. COUNTIES. An action against a county shall be

brought in that county.

Acts 1985, 69th Leg., ch. 959, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1985.

Sec. 15.0151. CERTAIN POLITICAL SUBDIVISIONS. (a) Except as

provided by a law not contained in this chapter, an action

against a political subdivision that is located in a county with

a population of 100,000 or less shall be brought in the county in

which the political subdivision is located. If the political

subdivision is located in more than one county and the population

of each county is 100,000 or less, the action shall be brought in

any county in which the political subdivision is located.

(b) In this section, "political subdivision" means a

governmental entity in this state, other than a county, that is

not a state agency. The term includes a municipality, school or

junior college district, hospital district, or any other special

purpose district or authority.

Added by Acts 1997, 75th Leg., ch. 733, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1,

1997.

Sec. 15.016. OTHER MANDATORY VENUE. An action governed by any

other statute prescribing mandatory venue shall be brought in the

county required by that statute.

Acts 1985, 69th Leg., ch. 959, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1985.

Sec. 15.017. LIBEL, SLANDER, OR INVASION OF PRIVACY. A suit for

damages for libel, slander, or invasion of privacy shall be

brought and can only be maintained in the county in which the

plaintiff resided at the time of the accrual of the cause of

action, or in the county in which the defendant resided at the

time of filing suit, or in the county of the residence of

defendants, or any of them, or the domicile of any corporate

defendant, at the election of the plaintiff.

Acts 1985, 69th Leg., ch. 959, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1985.

Sec. 15.018. FEDERAL EMPLOYERS' LIABILITY ACT. (a) This

section only applies to suits brought under the federal

Employers' Liability Act (45 U.S.C. Section 51 et seq.).

(b) All suits brought under the federal Employers' Liability Act

shall be brought:

(1) in the county in which all or a substantial part of the

events or omissions giving rise to the claim occurred;

(2) in the county where the defendant's principal office in this

state is located; or

(3) in the county where the plaintiff resided at the time the

cause of action accrued.

Added by Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 138, Sec. 2, eff. Aug. 28,

1995.

Amended by:

Acts 2007, 80th Leg., R.S., Ch.

203, Sec. 1, eff. May 24, 2007.

Sec. 15.0181. JONES ACT. (a) In this section:

(1) "Coastal county" means:

(A) a county in a coastal area, as defined by Section 33.004,

Natural Resources Code; or

(B) a county having a United States Customs port through which

waterborne freight is transported.

(2) "Coastal erosion" means the loss of land, marshes, wetlands,

beaches, or other coastal features because of the actions of

wind, waves, tides, storm surges, subsidence, or other forces.

(3) "Erosion response project" means an action intended to

address or mitigate coastal erosion, including beach nourishment,

sediment management, beneficial use of dredged material, creation

or enhancement of a dune, wetland, or marsh, and construction of

a breakwater, bulkhead, groin, jetty, or other structure.

(4) "Gulf Coast state" means Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, or

Florida.

(5) "Inland waters" means the navigable waters shoreward of the

navigational demarcation lines dividing the high seas from

harbors, rivers, the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway, and other inland

waters of Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, Arkansas,

Tennessee, Missouri, Illinois, Kentucky, or Indiana or of Florida

along the Gulf of Mexico shoreline of Florida from the

Florida-Alabama border down to and including the shoreline of Key

West, Florida. The term does not include the Great Lakes.

(b) This section applies only to suits brought under the Jones

Act (46 U.S.C. Section 30104).

(c) Except as provided by this section, a suit brought under the

Jones Act shall be brought:

(1) in the county where the defendant's principal office in this

state is located;

(2) in the county in which all or a substantial part of the

events or omissions giving rise to the claim occurred; or

(3) in the county where the plaintiff resided at the time the

cause of action accrued.

(d) If all or a substantial part of the events or omissions

giving rise to the claim occurred on the inland waters of this

state, ashore in this state, or during the course of an erosion

response project in this state, the suit shall be brought:

(1) in the county in which all or a substantial part of the

events giving rise to the claim occurred; or

(2) in the county where the defendant's principal office in this

state is located.

(e) If all or a substantial part of the events or omissions

giving rise to the claim occurred on inland waters outside this

state, ashore in a Gulf Coast state, or during the course of an

erosion response project in a Gulf Coast state, the suit shall be

brought:

(1) in the county where the defendant's principal office in this

state is located if the defendant's principal office in this

state is located in a coastal county;

(2) in Harris County unless the plaintiff resided in Galveston

County at the time the cause of action accrued;

(3) in Galveston County unless the plaintiff resided in Harris

County at the time the cause of action accrued; or

(4) if the defendant does not have a principal office in this

state located in a coastal county, in the county where the

plaintiff resided at the time the cause of action accrued.

Added by Acts 2007, 80th Leg., R.S., Ch.

203, Sec. 2, eff. May 24, 2007.

Amended by:

Acts 2009, 81st Leg., R.S., Ch.

87, Sec. 5.001, eff. September 1, 2009.

Sec. 15.019. INMATE LITIGATION. (a) Except as provided by

Section 15.014, an action that accrued while the plaintiff was

housed in a facility operated by or under contract with the Texas

Department of Criminal Justice shall be brought in the county in

which the facility is located.

(b) An action brought by two or more plaintiffs that accrued

while the plaintiffs were housed in a facility operated by or

under contract with the Texas Department of Criminal Justice

shall be brought in a county in which a facility that housed one

of the plaintiffs is located.

(c) This section does not apply to an action brought under the

Family Code.

Added by Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 378, Sec. 1, eff. June 8,

1995. Renumbered from Civil Practice and Remedies Code Sec.

15.018 by Acts 1997, 75th Leg., ch. 165, Sec. 31.01(3), eff.

Sept. 1, 1997.

Sec. 15.020. MAJOR TRANSACTIONS: SPECIFICATION OF VENUE BY

AGREEMENT. (a) In this section, "major transaction" means a

transaction evidenced by a written agreement under which a person

pays or receives, or is obligated to pay or entitled to receive,

consideration with an aggregate stated value equal to or greater

than $1 million. The term does not include a transaction entered

into primarily for personal, family, or household purposes, or to

settle a personal injury or wrongful death claim, without regard

to the aggregate value.

(b) An action arising from a major transaction shall be brought

in a county if the party against whom the action is brought has

agreed in writing that a suit arising from the transaction may be

brought in that county.

(c) Notwithstanding any other provision of this title, an action

arising from a major transaction may not be brought in a county

if:

(1) the party bringing the action has agreed in writing that an

action arising from the transaction may not be brought in that

county, and the action may be brought in another county of this

state or in another jurisdiction; or

(2) the party bringing the action has agreed in writing that an

action arising from the transaction must be brought in another

county of this state or in another jurisdiction, and the action

may be brought in that other county, under this section or

otherwise, or in that other jurisdiction.

(d) This section does not apply to an action if:

(1) the agreement described by this section was unconscionable

at the time that it was made;

(2) the agreement regarding venue is voidable under Chapter 272,

Business & Commerce Code; or

(3) venue is established under a statute of this state other

than this title.

(e) This section does not affect venue and jurisdiction in an

action arising from a transaction that is not a major

transaction.

Added by Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. 84, Sec. 1, eff. Aug. 30,

1999.

Amended by:

Acts 2007, 80th Leg., R.S., Ch.

885, Sec. 2.10, eff. April 1, 2009.

SUBCHAPTER C. PERMISSIVE VENUE

Sec. 15.031. EXECUTOR; ADMINISTRATOR; GUARDIAN. If the suit is

against an executor, administrator, or guardian, as such, to

establish a money demand against the estate which he represents,

the suit may be brought in the county in which the estate is

administered, or if the suit is against an executor,

administrator, or guardian growing out of a negligent act or

omission of the person whose estate the executor, administrator,

or guardian represents, the suit may be brought in the county in

which the negligent act or omission of the person whose estate

the executor, administrator, or guardian represents occurred.

Acts 1985, 69th Leg., ch. 959, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1985.

Sec. 15.032. INSURANCE. Suit against fire, marine, or inland

insurance companies may also be commenced in any county in which

the insured property was situated. A suit on a policy may be

brought against any life insurance company, or accident insurance

company, or life and accident, or health and accident, or life,

health, and accident insurance company in the county in which the

company's principal office in this state is located or in the

county in which the loss has occurred or in which the

policyholder or beneficiary instituting the suit resided at the

time the cause of action accrued.

Acts 1985, 69th Leg., ch. 959, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1985.

Amended by Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 138, Sec. 3, eff. Aug. 28,

1995.

Sec. 15.033. BREACH OF WARRANTY BY MANUFACTURER. A suit for

breach of warranty by a manufacturer of consumer goods may be

brought in any county in which all or a substantial part of the

events or omissions giving rise to the claim occurred, in the

county in which the manufacturer has its principal office in this

state, or in the county in which the plaintiff resided at the

time the cause of action accrued.

Acts 1985, 69th Leg., ch. 959, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1985.

Amended by Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 138, Sec. 3, eff. Aug. 28,

1995.

Sec. 15.035. CONTRACT IN WRITING. (a) Except as provided by

Subsection (b), if a person has contracted in writing to perform

an obligation in a particular county, expressly naming the county

or a definite place in that county by that writing, suit on or by

reason of the obligation may be brought against him either in

that county or in the county in which the defendant has his

domicile.

(b) In an action founded on a contractual obligation of the

defendant to pay money arising out of or based on a consumer

transaction for goods, services, loans, or extensions of credit

intended primarily for personal, family, household, or

agricultural use, suit by a creditor on or by reason of the

obligation may be brought against the defendant either in the

county in which the defendant in fact signed the contract or in

the county in which the defendant resides when the action is

commenced. No term or statement contained in an obligation

described in this section shall constitute a waiver of these

provisions.

Acts 1985, 69th Leg., ch. 959, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1985.

Sec. 15.038. OTHER PERMISSIVE VENUE. An action governed by any

other statute prescribing permissive venue may be brought in the

county allowed by that statute.

Acts 1985, 69th Leg., ch. 959, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1985.

Sec. 15.039. TRANSIENT PERSON. A transient person may be sued

in any county in which he may be found.

Acts 1985, 69th Leg., ch. 959, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1985.

SUBCHAPTER D. GENERAL PROVISIONS

Sec. 15.062. COUNTERCLAIMS, CROSS CLAIMS, AND THIRD-PARTY

CLAIMS. (a) Venue of the main action shall establish venue of a

counterclaim, cross claim, or third-party claim properly joined

under the Texas Rules of Civil Procedure or any applicable

statute.

(b) If an original defendant properly joins a third-party

defendant, venue shall be proper for a claim arising out of the

same transaction, occurrence, or series of transactions or

occurrences by the plaintiff against the third-party defendant if

the claim arises out of the subject matter of the plaintiff's

claim against the original defendant.

Acts 1985, 69th Leg., ch. 959, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1985.

Amended by Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 138, Sec. 4, eff. Aug. 28,

1995.

Sec. 15.063. TRANSFER. The court, on motion filed and served

concurrently with or before the filing of the answer, shall

transfer an action to another county of proper venue if:

(1) the county in which the action is pending is not a proper

county as provided by this chapter;

(2) an impartial trial cannot be had in the county in which the

action is pending; or

(3) written consent of the parties to transfer to any other

county is filed at any time.

Acts 1985, 69th Leg., ch. 959, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1985.

Sec. 15.064. HEARINGS. (a) In all venue hearings, no factual

proof concerning the merits of the case shall be required to

establish venue. The court shall determine venue questions from

the pleadings and affidavits. No interlocutory appeal shall lie

from the determination.

(b) On appeal from the trial on the merits, if venue was

improper it shall in no event be harmless error and shall be

reversible error. In determining whether venue was or was not

proper, the appellate court shall consider the entire record,

including the trial on the merits.

Acts 1985, 69th Leg., ch. 959, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1985.

Sec. 15.0641. VENUE RIGHTS OF MULTIPLE DEFENDANTS. In a suit in

which two or more defendants are joined, any action or omission

by one defendant in relation to venue, including a waiver of

venue by one defendant, does not operate to impair or diminish

the right of any other defendant to properly challenge venue.

Added by Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 138, Sec. 5, eff. Aug. 28,

1995.

Sec. 15.0642. MANDAMUS. A party may apply for a writ of

mandamus with an appellate court to enforce the mandatory venue

provisions of this chapter. An application for the writ of

mandamus must be filed before the later of:

(1) the 90th day before the date the trial starts; or

(2) the 10th day after the date the party receives notice of the

trial setting.

Added by Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 138, Sec. 5, eff. Aug. 28,

1995.

Sec. 15.065. WATERCOURSE OR ROADWAY FORMING COUNTY BOUNDARY. If

a river, watercourse, highway, road, or street forms the boundary

line between two counties, the courts of each county have

concurrent jurisdiction over the parts of the watercourse or

roadway that form the boundary of the county in the same manner

as if the watercourse or roadway were in that county.

Acts 1985, 69th Leg., ch. 959, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1985.

Sec. 15.066. CONFLICT WITH RULES OF CIVIL PROCEDURE. Subject to

Section 22.004, Government Code, to the extent that this chapter

conflicts with the Texas Rules of Civil Procedure, this chapter

controls.

Added by Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 138, Sec. 6, eff. Aug. 28,

1995.

SUBCHAPTER E. SUITS BROUGHT IN JUSTICE COURT

Sec. 15.081. APPLICATION. This subchapter applies only to suits

brought in a justice court.

Acts 1985, 69th Leg., ch. 959, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1985.

Sec. 15.082. VENUE: GENERAL RULE. Except as otherwise provided

by this subchapter or by any other law, a suit in justice court

shall be brought in the county and precinct in which one or more

defendants reside.

Acts 1985, 69th Leg., ch. 959, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1985.

Sec. 15.083. RESIDENCE OF A SINGLE MAN. A single man's

residence is where he boards.

Acts 1985, 69th Leg., ch. 959, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1985.

Sec. 15.084. FORCIBLE ENTRY AND DETAINER. A suit for forcible

entry and detainer shall be brought in the precinct in which all

or part of the premises is located.

Acts 1985, 69th Leg., ch. 959, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1985.

Sec. 15.085. EXECUTOR; ADMINISTRATOR; GUARDIAN. A suit against

an executor, an administrator, or a guardian shall be brought in

the county in which the administration or guardianship is pending

and in the precinct in which the county seat is located.

Acts 1985, 69th Leg., ch. 959, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1985.

Sec. 15.086. COUNTIES. A suit against a county shall be brought

in the precinct in which the county seat of that county is

located.

Acts 1985, 69th Leg., ch. 959, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1985.

Sec. 15.087. OPTION: SUIT IN DEFENDANT'S COUNTY OF RESIDENCE. A

suit to which a permissive venue section of this subchapter

applies may be brought and maintained either in the county

provided for by that section or in the county in which the

defendant resides.

Acts 1985, 69th Leg., ch. 959, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1985.

Sec. 15.088. NONRESIDENT; RESIDENCE UNKNOWN. A suit against a

nonresident of this state or against a person whose residence is

unknown may be brought in the county and precinct in which the

plaintiff resides.

Acts 1985, 69th Leg., ch. 959, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1985.

Sec. 15.089. TRANSIENT PERSON. A suit against a transient

person may be brought in any county and precinct in which the

transient person is found.

Acts 1985, 69th Leg., ch. 959, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1985.

Sec. 15.090. PERSONAL PROPERTY. A suit to recover personal

property may be brought in the county and precinct in which the

property is located.

Acts 1985, 69th Leg., ch. 959, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1985.

Sec. 15.091. RENTS. A suit to recover rents may be brought in

the county and precinct in which all or part of the rented

premises is located.

Acts 1985, 69th Leg., ch. 959, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1985.

Sec. 15.092. CONTRACT. (a) Except as otherwise provided by

this section, a suit on a written contract that promises

performance at a particular place may be brought in the county

and precinct in which the contract was to be performed.

(b) A suit on an oral or written contract for labor actually

performed may be brought in the county and precinct in which the

labor was performed.

(c) A suit by a creditor on a contract for goods, services, or

loans intended primarily for personal, family, household, or

agricultural use may be brought only in the county and precinct

in which the contract was signed or in which the defendant

resides.

(d) A contract described by Subsection (c) may not waive the

venue provided by that subsection.

Acts 1985, 69th Leg., ch. 959, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1985.

Sec. 15.093. TORTS. A tort suit for damages may be brought in

the county and precinct in which the injury was inflicted.

Acts 1985, 69th Leg., ch. 959, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1985.

Sec. 15.094. CORPORATION; ASSOCIATION; JOINT-STOCK COMPANY. A

suit against a private corporation, association, or joint-stock

company may be brought in the county and precinct in which:

(1) all or part of the cause of action arose;

(2) the corporation, association, or company has an agency or

representative; or

(3) the principal office of the corporation, association, or

company is located.

Acts 1985, 69th Leg., ch. 959, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1985.

Sec. 15.095. RAILROAD COMPANIES; CARRIERS. A suit against a

railroad company, a canal company, or the owners of a line of

transportation vehicles for injury to a person or property on the

railroad, canal, or line of vehicles or for liability as a

carrier may be brought in a precinct through which that railroad,

canal, or line of vehicles passes or in a precinct in which the

route of that railroad, canal, or vehicle begins or ends.

Acts 1985, 69th Leg., ch. 959, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1985.

Sec. 15.096. STEAMBOAT OR OTHER VESSEL. A suit against the

owner of a steamboat or other vessel may be brought in the county

or precinct in which:

(1) the steamboat or vessel may be found;

(2) the cause of action arose; or

(3) the liability accrued or was contracted.

Acts 1985, 69th Leg., ch. 959, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1985.

Sec. 15.097. INSURANCE COMPANIES. (a) A suit against a fire,

marine, or inland marine insurance company may be brought in the

county and precinct in which all or part of the insured property

was located.

(b) A suit against an accident and life insurance company or

association may be brought in the county and precinct in which

one or more of the insured persons resided when the injury or

death occurred.

Acts 1985, 69th Leg., ch. 959, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1985.

Sec. 15.098. PLEADING REQUIREMENTS. If a suit is brought in a

county or precinct in which the defendant does not reside, the

citation or pleading must affirmatively show that the suit comes

within an exception provided for by this subchapter.

Acts 1985, 69th Leg., ch. 959, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1985.

Sec. 15.099. MORE THAN ONE JUSTICE. If there is more than one

justice of the peace in a precinct or in an incorporated city or

town, suit may be brought before any justice of the peace in that

precinct or incorporated city or town.

Acts 1985, 69th Leg., ch. 959, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1985.

Sec. 15.100. DISQUALIFIED JUSTICE. If the justice in the proper

precinct is not qualified to try the suit, suit may be brought

before the nearest qualified justice in the county.

Acts 1985, 69th Leg., ch. 959, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1985.