2025 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes
Title 13 - COMMERCIAL CODE
Chapter 4A2 - Issue and Acceptance of Payment Order
Section 4A203 - Unenforceability of certain verified payment orders
(a) General rule.--If an accepted payment order is not, under section 4A202(a) (relating to authorized and verified payment orders), an authorized order of a customer identified as sender, but is effective as an order of the customer pursuant to section 4A202(b), the following rules apply:
(1) By express agreement evidenced by a record, the receiving bank may limit the extent to which it is entitled to enforce or retain payment of the payment order.
(2) The receiving bank is not entitled to enforce or retain payment of the payment order if the customer proves that the order was not caused, directly or indirectly, by a person:
(i) entrusted at any time with duties to act for the customer with respect to payment orders or the security procedure; or
(ii) who obtained access to transmitting facilities of the customer or who obtained, from a source controlled by the customer and without authority of the receiving bank, information facilitating breach of the security procedure, regardless of how the information was obtained or whether the customer was at fault.
Information includes any access device, computer software or the like.
(b) Amendments of payment orders.--This section applies to amendments of payment orders to the same extent it applies to payment orders.
(July 1, 2024, P.L.450, No.41, eff. 60 days)
2024 Amendment. Act 41 amended subsec. (a)(1). See section 1 of Act 41 in the appendix to this title for special provisions relating to findings and declarations.
Cross References. Section 4A203 is referred to in sections 4A202, 4A204 of this title.
