2017 Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes
Title 15 - CORPORATIONS AND UNINCORPORATED ASSOCIATIONS
Chapter 88 - Limited Liability Companies
Section 8847 - Management of limited liability company
(a) Determination of management of company.--A limited liability company is a member-managed limited liability company unless the operating agreement:
(1) expressly provides that:
(i) the company is or will be manager managed;
(ii) the company is or will be managed by managers; or
(iii) management of the company is or will be vested in managers; or
(2) includes words of similar import.
(b) Member-managed company.--In a member-managed limited liability company, the following rules apply:
(1) Except as expressly provided in this title, the management and conduct of the company are vested in the members.
(2) Each member has equal rights in the management and conduct of the company's activities and affairs.
(3) A difference arising among members as to a matter in the ordinary course of the activities and affairs of the company may be decided by a majority of the members.
(4) Except as provided under section 325 (relating to approval by limited liability company) with respect to a transaction under Chapter 3 (relating to entity transactions), an act outside the ordinary course of the activities and affairs of the company may be undertaken only with the affirmative vote or consent of all members.
(5) Except as provided under section 8822(d) (relating to amendment or restatement of certificate of organization), the certificate of organization may be amended only with the affirmative vote or consent of all members.
(6) The operating agreement may be amended only with the affirmative vote or consent of all members.
(c) Manager-managed company.--In a manager-managed limited liability company, the following rules apply:
(1) Except as expressly provided in this title, any matter relating to the activities and affairs of the company is decided exclusively by the manager, or, if there is more than one manager, by a majority of the managers.
(2) Each manager has equal rights in the management and conduct of the company's activities and affairs.
(3) The affirmative vote or consent of all members is required:
(i) except as provided under section 325 with respect to a transaction under Chapter 3, to undertake any act outside the ordinary course of the company's activities and affairs;
(ii) except as provided under section 8822(d), to amend the certificate of organization; or
(iii) to amend the operating agreement.
(4) A manager may be chosen at any time by the affirmative vote or consent of a majority of the members and remains a manager until a successor has been chosen, unless the manager at an earlier time resigns, is removed or dies, or, in the case of a manager that is not an individual, terminates. A manager may be removed at any time by the affirmative vote or consent of a majority of the members without notice or cause.
(5) A person need not be a member to be a manager, except that the dissociation of a member that is also a manager removes the person as a manager. If a person that is both a manager and a member ceases to be a manager, that cessation does not by itself dissociate the person as a member.
(6) A person's ceasing to be a manager does not discharge any debt, obligation or other liability to the limited liability company or members which the person incurred while a manager.
(d) Action by consent or proxy.--An action requiring the vote or consent of members under this title may be taken without a meeting, and a member may appoint a proxy or other agent to vote, consent or otherwise act for the member by signing an appointing document in record form, personally or by the member's agent.
(e) Effect of dissolution.--The dissolution of a limited liability company does not affect the applicability of this section, except that a person that wrongfully causes dissolution of the company loses the right to participate in management as a member and a manager.
(f) Reimbursement of advances.--A limited liability company shall reimburse a member for an advance to the company beyond the amount of capital the member agreed to contribute.
(g) Interest on advance.--A payment or advance made by a member which gives rise to an obligation of the limited liability company under subsection (f) or section 8848(a) (relating to reimbursement, indemnification, advancement and insurance) constitutes a loan to the company which accrues interest from the date of the payment or advance.
(h) No remuneration for services.--A member is not entitled to remuneration for services performed for a member-managed limited liability company, except for reasonable compensation for services rendered in winding up the activities of the company.
(i) Increased vote requirements.--Whenever the certificate of organization or operating agreement requires for the taking of any action by the members or a class of members a specific number or percentage of votes or consents, the provision of the certificate or agreement setting forth that requirement shall not be amended or repealed by any lesser number or percentage of votes or consents of the members or the class of members. This subsection does not apply to a provision setting forth the right of members to act by unanimous consent in lieu of a meeting.
(j) Exception.--None of the following shall be considered an amendment of the certificate of organization for purposes of the voting rules in subsections (b)(6) and (c)(3)(iii):
(1) a restatement of all the operative provisions of the certificate of organization without change;
(2) a change in the name or registered office of the limited liability company; or
(3) any combination of the foregoing purposes.
(k) Approval of minor amendments.--Unless otherwise provided in record form in the operating agreement, an amendment described in subsection (j) may be made by the affirmative vote or consent of a majority of the managers or, in the case of a member-managed limited liability company, of a majority of the members.
Cross References. Section 8847 is referred to in sections 8812, 8817, 8848, 8872 of this title.
