2016 North Dakota Century Code Title 40 Municipal Government Chapter 40-57.1 Tax Exemptions for New and Expanding Businesses
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CHAPTER 40-57.1
TAX EXEMPTIONS FOR NEW AND EXPANDING BUSINESSES
40-57.1-01. Declaration and finding of public purpose.
The legislative assembly declares and finds that it is and has been its purpose in preparing
and adopting the provisions of this chapter to sanction, authorize, and encourage activities in
the public interest and for the welfare of the state, its subdivisions, and people by assisting in
the establishment of additional industrial plants, the expansion and retention of existing
business, and promotion of economic activities within the state and thereby increasing
production of wealth and adding to the volume of employment, particularly during those seasons
when employment in farming and ranching is slack, thus alleviating unemployment among the
people of the state.
It is the intent of the legislative assembly that political subdivisions and the state board of
equalization in their determination of whether the tax exemptions authorized by this chapter
shall be granted shall give due weight to their impact and effect upon existing industry and
business to the end that an unfair advantage shall not be given to new or expanded enterprises
which is to the substantial detriment of existing enterprises.
40-57.1-02. Definitions.
As used in this chapter, unless a different meaning clearly appears from the context:
1. "Local development organization", as used in section 40-57.1-04.3, means a profit or
nonprofit corporation incorporated under the laws of this state or a limited liability
company organized under the laws of this state, formed for the purpose of furthering
the economic development of its community and environs, with authority to promote
and assist the growth and development of business concerns in the areas covered by
its operations. The operations of the corporation or limited liability company must be
limited to a specified area in this state. The controlling interest in the corporation or
limited liability company must be held by at least twenty-five persons residing or doing
business in the community or its environs. These persons must control not less than
seventy-five percent of the voting control of the corporation or limited liability company.
No shareholder or member of the corporation or limited liability company may own in
excess of twenty-five percent of the voting control in the corporation or limited liability
company if that shareholder or member has a direct pecuniary interest in any project
or business concern which will occupy the property of the corporation or limited liability
company. The primary objective of the corporation or limited liability company must be
to benefit the community through increased employment, payroll, business volume,
and corresponding factors rather than monetary profits to its shareholders or
members. Any monetary profits or other benefits going to the shareholders or
members must be merely incidental to the primary objective of the corporation or
limited liability company.
2. "Municipality" means counties as well as municipalities of the types listed in
subsection 4 of section 40-01-01.
3. "Primary sector business" means an individual, corporation, limited liability company,
partnership, or association which through the employment of knowledge or labor adds
value to a product, process, or service that results in the creation of new wealth.
4. "Project" means any revenue-producing enterprise, or any combination of two or more
of these enterprises. For the purpose of the income tax exemption, "project" means
both "primary sector business" and "tourism" as defined by this section and includes
the establishment of a new qualifying business or the expansion of a qualifying
existing business.
5. "Tourism" means all tourism-related businesses and activities, including recreation,
historical and cultural events, guide services, and unique lodging and food services
which serve as destination attractions.
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40-57.1-03. Municipality's authority to grant or revoke tax exemption or payments
in lieu of taxes - Notice to competitors - Limitations.
1. After negotiation with a potential project operator, a municipality may grant a partial or
complete exemption from ad valorem taxation on all buildings, structures, fixtures, and
improvements used in or necessary to the operation of a project for a period not
exceeding five years from the date of commencement of project operations. A
municipality may also grant a partial or complete exemption from ad valorem taxation
on buildings, structures, fixtures, and improvements used in or necessary to the
operation of a project that produces or manufactures a product from agricultural
commodities for all or part of the sixth year through the tenth year from the date of
commencement of project operations. Before a municipality may grant a partial or
complete exemption from ad valorem taxation under this section:
a. The governing body of the municipality must have received the certification of the
department of commerce division of economic development and finance that the
project is a primary sector business, as defined in subsection 3 of section
40-57.1-02; or
b. The city council or commission, if the project is proposed to be located within the
boundaries of a city of fewer than forty thousand population, or the board of
county commissioners, of a county of fewer than forty thousand population and if
the project is proposed to be located in the county but outside the corporate limits
of any city, may grant a partial or complete exemption from ad valorem taxation
for a project operating in the retail sector if that governing body has obtained the
approval of exemption of property under this subdivision from a majority of the
qualified electors of the city or county voting on the question at a city or county
election held in conjunction with a statewide general election and if that governing
body has established by resolution or ordinance the criteria that will be applied by
the governing body to determine whether it is appropriate to grant a partial or
complete exemption from ad valorem taxation under this section for a project
operating in the retail sector. The ballot for elector approval of exemption of
property under this subdivision must present the question at the election for a yes
or no vote on the question:
Shall the governing body of [name of county or city] be empowered to grant
property tax exemptions upon application of new or expanding retail sector
businesses?
Only a governing body of a city or county that meets the requirements of this
subdivision may grant a partial or complete exemption from ad valorem taxation
under this section for a project operating in the retail sector. Criteria established
by the governing body under this subdivision, at a minimum, must be intended to
require:
(1) Evaluation of the potential positive or adverse consequences for existing
retail sector businesses in the municipality from granting the exemption;
(2) Evaluation of the short-term and long-term effects for other property
taxpayers in the municipality from granting the exemption;
(3) A written agreement with the project operator, including performance
requirements for which the exemption may be terminated by the governing
body of the municipality if those requirements are not met; and
(4) Evaluation of whether the project operator would locate the project within
the municipality without the exemption.
2. In addition to, or in lieu of, a property tax exemption granted under this section, a
municipality may establish an amount due as payments in lieu of ad valorem taxes on
buildings, structures, fixtures, and improvements used in the operation of a project.
The governing body of the municipality shall designate the amount of the payments for
each year and the beginning year and the concluding year for payments in lieu of
taxes, but the option to make payments in lieu of taxes under this section may not
extend beyond the twentieth year from the date of commencement of project
operations. To establish the amount of payments in lieu of taxes, the governing body of
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3.
4.
5.
6.
the municipality may use actual or estimated levels of assessment and taxation or may
establish payment amounts based on other factors. The governing body of the
municipality may designate different amounts of payments in lieu of taxes in different
years to recognize future project expansion plans or other considerations.
Before a governing body may grant a partial or complete exemption from ad valorem
taxation or the option to make payments in lieu of ad valorem taxes under this chapter,
the governing body shall consult with the department of commerce. If the department
of commerce determines that the total project costs are estimated to exceed one
billion dollars, the department of commerce shall conduct a public hearing and notice
of that hearing must be provided to each affected taxing district and any existing
business within the municipality for which the potential project would be a competitor.
By November first of each year, the municipality that granted the option to make
payments in lieu of taxes shall certify to the county auditor the amount of payments
in lieu of taxes due under this section in the following year. After receiving the
statement from the municipality, the county auditor shall certify the payments in lieu of
taxes to the county treasurer for collection at the time when, and in the manner in
which, ad valorem taxes must be certified. Upon receipt by the county treasurer of the
amount of payments in lieu of taxes under this section, the county treasurer shall
apportion and distribute that amount to taxing districts on the basis on which the
general real estate tax levy is apportioned and distributed. The municipality may enter
into a written agreement with the local school district and any other local taxing
districts that wish to enter the agreement for an alternate method of apportionment and
distribution. If such an agreement is entered into, the county treasurer shall apportion
and distribute the money according to the written agreement. All provisions of law
relating to enforcement, administration, collection, penalties, and delinquency
proceedings for ad valorem taxes apply to payments in lieu of taxes under this section.
However, the discount for early payment of taxes under section 57-20-09 does not
apply to payments in lieu of taxes under this section. The buildings, structures, fixtures,
and improvements comprising a project for which payments in lieu of taxes are
allowed under this section must be excluded from the valuation of property in the
taxing district for purposes of determining the mill rate for the taxing district.
Negotiations with potential project operators for tax exemption or payments in lieu of
taxes must be carried on by the city council or commission if the project is proposed to
be located within the boundaries of a city, and by the board of county commissioners if
the project is proposed to be located outside the corporate limits of any city. A partial
exemption must be stated as a percentage of the total ad valorem taxes assessed
against the property. Unless the governing body of the municipality determines that
there is no existing business within the municipality for which the potential project
would be a competitor, the potential project operator shall publish two notices to
competitors, the form of which must be prescribed by the tax commissioner, of the
application for tax exemption or payments in lieu of taxes in the official newspaper of
the municipality at least one week apart. The publications must be completed not less
than fifteen nor more than thirty days before the governing body of the municipality is
to consider the application. The municipality shall determine whether the granting of
the exemption or payments in lieu of taxes, or both, is in the best interest of the
municipality, and if it so determines, shall give its approval.
By motion approved by the governing body of the municipality before the beginning of
a taxable year for which a property tax exemption or the option to make payments
in lieu of taxes under this section previously has been approved by the governing
body, a property tax exemption may be revoked or reduced and payments in lieu of
taxes may be revoked or increased for that taxable year for reasons specified in a
negotiated agreement or if the governing body finds that:
a. Information provided by the project operator during the negotiation and
deliberation of a property tax exemption or the option to make payments in lieu of
taxes has proven to be inaccurate or untrue;
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b.
7.
8.
Use of the property by the project operator does not comply with the reasonable
expectations of the governing body at the time the property tax exemption or the
option to make payments in lieu of taxes was approved;
c. The property has been improved to a substantially greater extent than the
governing body reasonably anticipated at the time the property tax exemption or
the option to make payments in lieu of taxes was approved; or
d. There has been a change of ownership of the property since the property tax
exemption or the option to make payments in lieu of taxes was approved.
During the negotiation and deliberation of a property tax exemption or the option to
make payments in lieu of taxes under this chapter, a municipality shall include, as
nonvoting ex officio members of its governing body, a representative appointed by the
school board of each school district affected by the proposed action and a
representative appointed by the board of township supervisors of each township
affected by the proposed action.
A city or county may not supersede or expand the provisions of this section under
home rule authority.
40-57.1-04. Exemption from income tax - Notice to competitors - Limitations.
Upon application by a project operator to the state board of equalization, the net income of
a project may be exempt from state income tax for a period not exceeding five years from
commencement of project operations. The application for the exemption must be reviewed as to
the eligibility of the project by the department of commerce division of economic development
and finance and its recommendations forwarded to the state board of equalization. The project
operator shall provide notice to competitors in the manner prescribed by the state board of
equalization. The board shall determine whether the granting of the exemption is in the best
interest of the people of North Dakota and, if it so determines, approve the exemption. The
board shall, after making its determination, certify the findings back to the applicant and to the
tax commissioner. Nothing contained herein shall have the effect of exempting the project from
filing an annual income tax return.
40-57.1-04.1. Ad valorem tax exemption for existing structures - Requirements.
Notwithstanding any other provision of this chapter, a project operator who otherwise
qualifies under this chapter may, upon application consistent with the provisions of this chapter,
receive a partial or complete exemption from ad valorem taxation on any existing structure used
in or necessary to the operation of the project for a period not exceeding five years from the
date of commencement of project operations in the structure. For taxable years beginning after
December 31, 1988, the governing body of a municipality may grant additional exemptions of
property under this section during a period not exceeding ten years from the date of
commencement of project operations in the structure if the structure is owned by the United
States, the state, or a political subdivision of the state and leased to the project operator. The
project operator shall apply to the governing body of the municipality annually for the exemption
and the governing body of the municipality may grant the exemption for only one year at a time.
40-57.1-04.2. Local development corporation defined - Requirements - Purpose.
Repealed by S.L. 1991, ch. 447, § 10.
40-57.1-04.3. Property tax exemption on speculative industrial buildings and
properties owned by a local development organization.
A municipality may, in its discretion, grant partial or complete exemption from ad valorem
taxation on buildings, structures, and improvements constructed and owned by a local
development organization for the express purpose of attracting new industry to this state. This
exemption from ad valorem taxation is only available on new buildings, structures, and
improvements while they remain unoccupied. Once the building, structure, or improvement is
occupied, the exemption continues until the next annual assessment date following the first
occupancy. This section does not affect the eligibility for property tax exemption of a business
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available under other provisions of this chapter, provided application for the tax exemption is
granted prior to occupancy. A written request for the exemption is to be filed by the local
development organization with the municipality. The request will be reviewed at an official
meeting of the governing body and will be placed on the agenda for final action at the next
official meeting. The governing body of the municipality shall notify the county director of tax
equalization with respect to any exemption granted under this section.
40-57.1-04.4. Clearance of tax obligations and tax liens of record.
1. A project operator is not eligible for the income tax exemption under section
40-57.1-04 until a showing is made that the project operator has satisfied all state or
local tax obligations and tax liens of record for delinquent property, income, income
withholding, sales, or use taxes owed to the state or a political subdivision.
2. A certificate from the tax commissioner to the state board of equalization satisfies the
requirement of subsection 1.
3. If the project operator is a corporation or a passthrough entity defined in section
57-38-01, any of its officers, governors, or managers charged with the responsibility for
making either property, income, income withholding, sales, or use tax returns and
payments are subject to the provisions of subsections 1 and 2 with respect to all state
or local tax obligations and tax liens of record for delinquent property, income, income
withholding, sales, or use taxes for which the individual is personally liable. If the
project operator is a partnership, each general partner is subject to the provisions of
subsections 1 and 2 with respect to all state or local tax obligations or tax liens of
record for delinquent property, income, income withholding, sales, or use taxes for
which the individual is personally liable.
40-57.1-05. Reapplication for tax exemption - Discretion of board of equalization.
The municipality or the state board of equalization, upon the presentation of additional facts
and circumstances which were not presented or discovered at the time of the original
application for tax exemption under the provisions of this chapter, may accept reapplications
from project operators at any time if the project operators first publish notice of application for
tax exemption as required by this chapter.
40-57.1-06. Change in investment, new location, or change in project operator or use
requiring reapplication for tax exemption or payments in lieu of taxes.
If the capital investment in the buildings, structures, fixtures, and improvements comprising
the project exceeds the original investment or total investment after an approved reapplication
under this section because expansion of the project has increased the investment in the project
by more than twenty percent, the project operator must reapply to receive an exemption or to
make payments in lieu of taxes on the added value of the property. If the project operator does
not reapply, or if the reapplication is disapproved, the increased capital value of the buildings,
structures, fixtures, and improvements comprising the project is subject to ad valorem taxation.
If at any time a project operator who is exempt from taxation or subject to payments in lieu of
taxes under this chapter moves the business to a new location, the project operator must
reapply to retain the remaining balance of the property tax exemption or the option to make
payments in lieu of taxes or elect to make application as a new business. A business relocation
has no effect on the income tax exemption of the project operator if it is shown by the project
operator to the satisfaction of the state board of equalization that the nature of the business has
not been changed by the move and that the effect of the business upon competitors has not
been changed by the move. In addition, a property tax exemption or option to make payments in
lieu of taxes provided by this chapter applies only to the project operator to whom it is granted
and is valid only while the property is used for the purposes stated in the application. If there is a
change in use of the property or if a new project operator takes possession of the property, the
property tax exemption or option to make payments in lieu of taxes terminates and the project
operator must file a new application with the municipality for a tax exemption or option to make
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payments in lieu of taxes for the remainder of the exemption or payments in lieu of taxes period
provided under section 40-57.1-03.
40-57.1-07. Exemptions - Time for making application.
1. No property tax exemption shall be granted under this chapter unless the application
for it is granted as provided in this chapter prior to the commencement of construction
of the project as that term is defined in section 40-57.1-02 or prior to occupancy by the
project operator if the project is an existing building.
2. Application for an income tax exemption as provided in this chapter must be made by
the project operator no later than one year after the commencement of project
operations.
40-57.1-08. Large industrial projects - Exclusion from provisions of chapter.
Repealed by S.L. 1994, ch. 784, § 7.
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