There Is a Newer Version of the North Carolina General Statutes

2005 North Carolina Code - General Statutes Article 20 - Teachers.

Article 20.

Teachers.

§ 115C‑295.� Minimum age and certificate prerequisites.

(a)�� All teachers employed in the public schools of the State or in schools receiving public funds, shall be required either to hold or be qualified to hold a certificate in compliance with the provision of the law or in accordance with the regulations of the State Board of Education: Provided, that nothing herein shall prevent the employment of temporary personnel under such rules as the State Board of Education may prescribe: Provided further, that no person shall be employed to teach who is under 18 years of age.

(b)�� It shall be unlawful for any board of education to employ or keep in service any teacher who neither holds nor is qualified to hold a certificate in compliance with the provision of the law or in accordance with the regulations of the State Board of Education. (1955, c. 1372, art. 18, ss. 1, 4; 1975, c. 437, s. 7; c. 731, ss. 1, 2; 1981, c. 423, s. 1; 1985 (Reg. Sess., 1986), c. 975, s. 16.)

§ 115C‑295.1.� North Carolina Professional Teaching Standards Commission.

(a)�� There is created the North Carolina Professional Teaching Standards Commission (the "Commission"). The Commission shall be located administratively under the State Board of Education but shall exercise its powers and duties independently of the State Board of Education.

(b)�� The purpose of the Commission is to establish high standards for North Carolina teachers and the teaching profession.

(c)�� Beginning September 1, 1996, the Commission shall consist of the following 16 members:

(1)�� The Governor shall appoint four teachers from a list of names, including the State Teacher of the Year, submitted by the State Board of Education; one principal; one superintendent; and two representatives of schools of education, one of which is in a constituent institution of The University of North Carolina and one of which is in a private college or university.

(2)�� The President Pro Tempore of the Senate shall appoint three teachers who have different areas of expertise or who teach at different grade levels; and one at‑large member.

(3)�� The Speaker of the House of Representatives shall appoint three teachers who have different areas of expertise or who teach at different grade levels; and one at‑large member.

In making appointments, the appointing authorities are encouraged to select qualified citizens who are committed to improving the teaching profession and student achievement and who represent the racial, geographic, and gender diversity of the State. Before their appointment to this Commission, with the exception of the at‑large members, the members must have been actively engaged in the profession of teaching, in the education of students in teacher education programs, or in the practice of public school administration for at least three years, at least two of which occurred in this State.� The members shall serve for two‑year terms.� Initial terms shall begin September 1, 1994.� Vacancies in the membership shall be filled by the original appointing authority using the same criteria as provided in this subsection.

(d)�� The Commission shall elect a chair, a vice‑chair, and a secretary‑treasurer from among its membership. In the absence of the chair, the vice‑chair shall preside over the Commission's meetings. All members are voting members, and a majority of the Commission constitutes a quorum. The Commission shall adopt rules to govern its proceedings.

(e)�� Meetings of the Commission shall be held upon the call of the chair or the vice‑chair with the approval of the chair.

(f)�� Members of the Commission shall receive compensation for their services and reimbursement for expenses incurred in the performance of their duties required by this Article, at the rate prescribed in G.S. 90B‑5.

(g)�� The Commission may employ, subject to Chapter 126 of the General Statutes, the necessary personnel for the performance of its functions, and fix compensation within the limits of funds available to the Commission. (1993 (Reg. Sess., 1994), c. 740, s. 1; 1996, 2nd Ex. Sess., c. 18, s. 18.12(a).)

§ 115C‑295.2.� Powers and duties of the Commission.

(a)�� The North Carolina Teaching Standards Commission shall:

(1)�� Develop and recommend to the State Board of Education professional standards or revisions to professional standards for North Carolina teachers.

(2)�� Review the areas of teacher certification and recommend to the State Board of Education those areas that should be consolidated, redesigned, eliminated, or enhanced.

(3)�� Consider current methods to assess teachers and teaching candidates, including the National Teacher Exam, the assessments of the National Board for Professional Teaching Standards, and alternative methods of assessment and recommend to the State Board of Education the implementation of rigorous and appropriate assessments for initial and continuing certification that are valid and reliable measures of professional practice.

(4)�� Evaluate, develop, and recommend to the State Board a procedure for the assessment and recommendation of candidates for initial and continuing teacher certification.

For purposes of this subsection, the areas of teacher certification include initial certification, continuing certification, and certification renewal, and do not include teacher education programs.

(b)�� The Commission shall submit its recommendations under subsection (a) of this section to the State Board.� The State Board shall adopt or reject the recommendations.� The State Board shall not make any substantive changes to any recommendation that it adopts.� If the State Board rejects the recommendation, it shall state with specificity its reasons for rejection; the Commission then may amend that recommendation and resubmit it to the State Board.� The Board shall adopt or reject the amended recommendation.� If the State Board fails to adopt the Commission's original and amended recommendation concerning the implementation of assessments for certification and the procedure for the assessment and recommendation of candidates for teacher certification, the State Board may develop and adopt its own plan.

(c)�� The Commission shall submit an annual report by December 1 of each year to the Joint Legislative Education Oversight Committee and the State Board of Education of its activities during the preceding year, together with any recommendations and findings regarding improvement of the teaching profession. The State Board shall submit a report by April 15, 1998, to the Joint Legislative Education Oversight Committee on the current status of assessments for certification and any changes to the procedures for assessment and recommendation of candidates for teacher certification. (1996, 2nd Ex. Sess., c. 18, s. 18.12(b).)

§ 115C‑295.3.� Repealed by Session Laws 1999‑96, s. 6.

§ 115C‑296.� Board sets certification requirements.

(a)�� The State Board of Education shall have entire control of certifying all applicants for teaching positions in all public elementary and high schools of North Carolina; and it shall prescribe the rules and regulations for the renewal and extension of all certificates and shall determine and fix the salary for each grade and type of certificate which it authorizes.

The State Board of Education may require an applicant for an initial bachelors degree certificate or graduate degree certificate to demonstrate the applicant's academic and professional preparation by achieving a prescribed minimum score on a standard examination appropriate and adequate for that purpose. The State Board of Education shall permit an applicant to fulfill any such testing requirement before or during the applicant's second year of teaching provided the applicant took the examination at least once during the first year of teaching. The State Board of Education shall make any required standard initial certification exam sufficiently rigorous and raise the prescribed minimum score as necessary to ensure that each applicant has adequate academic and professional preparation to teach.

(a1)�� The State Board shall adopt policies that establish the minimum scores for any required standard examinations and other measures necessary to assess the qualifications of professional personnel as required under subsection (a) of this section. For purposes of this subsection, the State Board shall not be subject to Article 2A of Chapter 150B of the General Statutes. At least 30 days prior to changing any policy adopted under this subsection, the State Board shall provide written notice to all North Carolina schools of education and to all local boards of education. The written notice shall include the proposed revised policy.

(a2)�� The State Board of Education shall impose the following schedule of fees for teacher certification and administrative changes:

(1)�� Application for demographic or administrative changes to a certificate, $30.00.

(2)�� Application for a duplicate certificate or for copies of documents in the certification files, $30.00.

(3)�� Application for a renewal, extension, addition, upgrade, and variation to a certificate, $55.00.

(4)�� Initial application for New, In‑State Approved Program Graduate, $55.00.

(5)�� Initial application for Out‑of‑State certificate, $85.00.

(6)�� All other applications, $85.00.

The applicant must pay the fee at the time the application is submitted.

(b)�� (Effective until July 1, 2006) It is the policy of the State of North Carolina to maintain the highest quality teacher education programs and school administrator programs in order to enhance the competence of professional personnel certified in North Carolina. To the end that teacher preparation programs are upgraded to reflect a more rigorous course of study, the State Board of Education, as lead agency in coordination and cooperation with the University Board of Governors, the Board of Community Colleges and such other public and private agencies as are necessary, shall continue to refine the several certification requirements, standards for approval of institutions of teacher education, standards for institution‑based innovative and experimental programs, standards for implementing consortium‑based teacher education, and standards for improved efficiencies in the administration of the approved programs. The certification program shall provide for initial certification after completion of preservice training, continuing certification after three years of teaching experience, and certificate renewal every five years thereafter, until the retirement of the teacher. The last certificate renewal received prior to retirement shall remain in effect for five years after retirement.

The State Board of Education, as lead agency in coordination with the Board of Governors of The University of North Carolina and any other public and private agencies as necessary, shall continue to raise standards for entry into teacher education programs.

The State Board of Education, in consultation with the Board of Governors of The University of North Carolina, shall evaluate and develop enhanced requirements for continuing certification. The new requirements shall reflect more rigorous standards for continuing certification and to the extent possible shall be aligned with quality professional development programs that reflect State priorities for improving student achievement.

The State Board of Education, in consultation with local boards of education and the Board of Governors of The University of North Carolina, shall reevaluate and enhance the requirements for renewal of teacher certificates. The State Board shall consider modifications in the certificate renewal achievement and to make it a mechanism for teachers to renew continually their knowledge and professional skills. The State Board shall adopt new standards for the renewal of teacher certificates by May 15, 1998.

The standards for approval of institutions of teacher education shall require that teacher education programs for students who do not major in special education include demonstrated competencies in the identification and education of children with learning disabilities. The State Board of Education shall incorporate the criteria developed in accordance with G.S. 116‑74.21 for assessing proposals under the School Administrator Training Program into its school administrator program approval standards.

All North Carolina institutions of higher education that offer teacher education programs, masters degree programs in education, or masters degree programs in school administration shall provide performance reports to the State Board of Education. The performance reports shall follow a common format, shall be submitted according to a plan developed by the State Board, and shall include the information required under the plan developed by the State Board.

(b)�� (Effective July 1, 2006) It is the policy of the State of North Carolina to maintain the highest quality teacher education programs and school administrator programs in order to enhance the competence of professional personnel certified in North Carolina. To the end that teacher preparation programs are upgraded to reflect a more rigorous course of study, the State Board of Education, as lead agency in coordination and cooperation with the University Board of Governors, the Board of Community Colleges and such other public and private agencies as are necessary, shall continue to refine the several certification requirements, standards for approval of institutions of teacher education, standards for institution‑based innovative and experimental programs, standards for implementing consortium‑based teacher education, and standards for improved efficiencies in the administration of the approved programs. The certification program shall provide for initial certification after completion of preservice training, continuing certification after three years of teaching experience, and certificate renewal every five years thereafter, until the retirement of the teacher. The last certificate renewal received prior to retirement shall remain in effect for five years after retirement.

The standards for approval of institutions of teacher education shall require that teacher education programs for all students include demonstrated competencies in (i) the identification and education of children with disabilities and (ii) positive management of student behavior and effective communication techniques for defusing and deescalating disruptive or dangerous behavior. The State Board of Education shall incorporate the criteria developed in accordance with G.S. 116‑74.21 for assessing proposals under the School Administrator Training Program into its school administrator program approval standards.

(b1)�� The State Board of Education shall develop a plan to provide a focused review of teacher education programs and the current process of accrediting these programs in order to ensure that the programs produce graduates that are well prepared to teach. The plan shall include the development and implementation of a school of education performance report for each teacher education program in North Carolina. The performance report shall include at least the following elements: (i) quality of students entering the schools of education, including the average grade point average and average score on preprofessional skills tests that assess reading, writing, math and other competencies; (ii) graduation rates; (iii) time‑to‑graduation rates; (iv) average scores of graduates on professional and content area examination for the purpose of certification; (v) percentage of graduates receiving initial certification; (vi) percentage of graduates hired as teachers; (vii) percentage of graduates remaining in teaching for four years; (viii) graduate satisfaction based on a common survey; and (ix) employer satisfaction based on a common survey. The performance reports shall follow a common format. The performance reports shall be submitted annually. The State Board of Education shall develop a plan to be implemented beginning in the 1998‑99 school year to reward and sanction approved teacher education programs and masters of education programs and to revoke approval of those programs based on the performance reports and other criteria established by the State Board of Education.

The State Board also shall develop and implement a plan for annual performance reports for all masters degree programs in education and school administration in North Carolina. To the extent it is appropriated, the performance report shall include similar indicators to those developed for the performance report for teacher education programs. The performance reports shall follow a common format.

Both plans for performance reports also shall include a method to provide the annual performance reports to the Board of Governors of The University of North Carolina, the State Board of Education, and the boards of trustees of the independent colleges. The State Board of Education shall review the schools of education performance reports and the performance reports for masters degree programs in education and school administration each year the performance reports are submitted. The State Board shall submit the performance report for the 1999‑2000 school year to the Joint Legislative Education Oversight Committee by December 15, 2000. Subsequent performance reports shall be submitted to the Joint Legislative Education Oversight Committee on an annual basis by October 1.

(b2)�� An undergraduate student seeking a degree in teacher education must attain passing scores on a preprofessional skills test prior to admission to an approved teacher education program in a North Carolina college or university. The State Board of Education shall permit students to fulfill this requirement by achieving the prescribed minimum scores set by the State Board of Education for the Praxis I tests or by achieving the appropriate required score, as determined by the State Board of Education, on the verbal and mathematics portions of the SAT. The minimum combined verbal and mathematics score set by the State Board of Education shall be between 900 and 1,200.

(c)�� (Effective until July 1, 2006) It is the policy of the State of North Carolina to encourage lateral entry into the profession of teaching by skilled individuals from the private sector. To this end, before the 1985‑86 school year begins, the State Board of Education shall develop criteria and procedures to accomplish the employment of such individuals as classroom teachers. Skilled individuals who choose to enter the profession of teaching laterally may be granted a provisional teaching certificate for no more than three years and shall be required to obtain certification before contracting for a fourth year of service with any local administrative unit in this State.

(c)�� (Effective July 1, 2006) It is the policy of the State of North Carolina to encourage lateral entry into the profession of teaching by skilled individuals from the private sector. To this end, before the 1985‑86 school year begins, the State Board of Education shall develop criteria and procedures to accomplish the employment of such individuals as classroom teachers. Beginning with the 2006‑2007 school year, the criteria and procedures shall include preservice training in (i) the identification and education of children with disabilities and (ii) positive management of student behavior, effective communication for defusing and deescalating disruptive or dangerous behavior, and safe and appropriate use of seclusion and restraint. Skilled individuals who choose to enter the profession of teaching laterally may be granted a provisional teaching certificate for no more than three years and shall be required to obtain certification before contracting for a fourth year of service with any local administrative unit in this State.

(c1)�� (Expires July 1, 2011) The State Board of Community Colleges may provide a program of study for lateral entry teachers to complete the coursework necessary to earn a teaching certificate. To this end, the State Board of Education, in consultation with the State Board of Community Colleges, shall establish a competency‑based program of study for lateral entry teachers to be implemented within the Community College System no later than May 1, 2006. This program must meet standards set by the State Board of Education.

The State Board of Community Colleges and the State Board of Education shall jointly identify the community college courses and the teacher education program courses that are necessary and appropriate for inclusion in the community college program of study for lateral entry teachers. To the extent possible, any courses that must be completed through an approved teacher education program shall be taught on a community college campus or shall be available through distance learning.

In order to participate in the community college program of study for lateral entry teachers, an individual must:

(1)�� Hold at least a bachelors degree from a regionally accredited institution of higher education;

(2)�� Have completed the bachelors degree at least five years before undertaking the program of study under this subsection; and

(3)�� Hold a lateral entry teaching certificate and be employed as a teacher in a local school administrative unit.

An individual who successfully completes this program of study and meets all other requirements of certification set by the State Board of Education shall be recommended for a North Carolina teaching certificate.

(c2)�� It is further the policy of the State of North Carolina to ensure that local boards of education can provide the strongest possible leadership for schools based upon the identified and changing needs of individual schools. To this end, before the 1994‑95 school year begins, the State Board of Education shall carefully consider a lateral entry program for school administrators to ensure that local boards of education will have sufficient flexibility to attract able candidates.

(d)�� The State Board shall adopt rules to establish the reasons and procedures for the suspension and revocation of certificates. The State Board shall revoke the certificate of a teacher or school administrator if the State Board receives notification from a local board or the Secretary of Health and Human Services that a teacher or school administrator has received an unsatisfactory or below standard rating under G.S. 115C‑333(d). In addition, the State Board may revoke or refuse to renew a teacher's certificate when:

(1)�� The Board identifies the school in which the teacher is employed as low‑performing under G.S. 115C‑105.37 or G.S. 143B‑146.5; and

(2)�� The State Board shall automatically revoke the certificate of a teacher or school administrator without the right to a hearing upon receiving verification of the identity of the teacher or school administrator together with a certified copy of a criminal record showing that the teacher or school administrator has entered a plea of guilty or nolo contendere to or has been finally convicted of any of the following crimes: Murder in the first or second degree, G.S. 14‑17; Conspiracy or solicitation to commit murder, G.S. 14‑18.1; Rape or sexual offense as defined in Article 7A of Chapter 14 of the General Statutes. Felonious assault with deadly weapon with intent to kill or inflicting serious injury, G.S. 14‑32; Kidnapping, G.S. 14‑39; Abduction of children, G.S. 14‑41; Crime against nature, G.S. 14‑177; Incest, G.S. 14‑178 or G.S. 14‑179; Employing or permitting minor to assist in offense against public morality and decency, G.S. 14‑190.6; Dissemination to minors under the age of 16 years, G.S. 14‑190.7; Dissemination to minors under the age of 13 years, G.S. 14‑190.8; Displaying material harmful to minors, G.S. 14‑190.14; Disseminating harmful material to minors, G.S. 14‑190.15; First degree sexual exploitation of a minor, G.S. 14‑190.16; Second degree sexual exploitation of a minor, G.S. 14‑190.17; Third degree sexual exploitation of a minor, G.S. 14‑190.17A; Promoting prostitution of a minor, G.S. 14‑190.18; Participating in prostitution of a minor, G.S. 14‑190.19; Taking indecent liberties with children, G.S. 14‑202.1; Solicitation of child by computer to commit an unlawful sex act, G.S. 14‑202.3; Taking indecent liberties with a student, G.S. 14‑202.4; Prostitution, G.S. 14‑204; and child abuse under G.S. 14‑318.4. The Board shall mail notice of its intent to act pursuant to this subdivision by certified mail, return receipt requested, directed to the teacher or school administrator at their last known address. The notice shall inform the teacher or school administrator that it will revoke the person's certificate unless the teacher or school administrator notifies the Board in writing within 10 days after receipt of the notice that the defendant identified in the criminal record is not the same person as the teacher or school administrator. If the teacher or school administrator provides this written notice to the Board, the Board shall not revoke the certificate unless it can establish as a fact that the defendant and the teacher or school administrator are the same person.

(3)�� In addition, the State Board may revoke or refuse to renew a teacher's certificate when:

a.�� The Board identifies the school in which the teacher is employed as low‑performing under G.S. 115C‑105.37 or G.S. 143B‑146.5; and

b.�� The assistance team assigned to that school makes the recommendation to revoke or refuse to renew the teacher's certificate for one or more reasons established by the State Board in its rules for certificate suspension or revocation.

The State Board may issue subpoenas for the purpose of obtaining documents or the testimony of witnesses in connection with proceedings to suspend or revoke certificates. In addition, the Board shall have the authority to contract with individuals who are qualified to conduct investigations in order to obtain all information needed to assist the Board in the proper disposition of allegations of misconduct by certificated persons.

(e)�� The State Board of Education shall develop a mentor program to provide ongoing support for teachers entering the profession. In developing the mentor program, the State Board shall conduct a comprehensive study of the needs of new teachers and how those needs can be met through an orientation and mentor support program. For the purpose of helping local boards to support new teachers, the State Board shall develop and distribute guidelines which address optimum teaching load, extracurricular duties, student assignment, and other working condition considerations. These guidelines shall provide that initially certified teachers not be assigned extracurricular activities unless they request the assignments in writing and that other noninstructional duties of these teachers be minimized. The State Board shall develop and coordinate a mentor teacher training program. The State Board shall develop criteria for selecting excellent, experienced, and qualified teachers to be participants in the mentor teacher training program.

(f)�� The State Board of Education, after consultation with the Board of Governors of The University of North Carolina, shall develop a new category of teacher certificate known as the "Masters/Advanced Competencies" certificate. To receive this certificate, an applicant shall successfully complete a masters degree program that includes rigorous academic preparation in the subject area which the applicant will teach and in the skills and knowledge expected of a master teacher or the applicant shall demonstrate to the satisfaction of the State Board that the candidate has acquired the skills and knowledge expected of a master teacher.

Persons who qualify for a "G" certificate prior to September 1, 2000, shall be awarded a "Masters/Advanced Competencies" certificate without meeting additional requirements. On and after September 1, 2000, no additional "G" certificates shall be awarded. (1955, c. 1372, art. 18, s. 2; 1965, c. 584, s. 20.1; 1973, c. 236; 1975, c. 686, s. 1; 1981, c. 423, s. 1; 1983 (Reg. Sess., 1984), c. 1103, s. 6; 1987 (Reg. Sess., 1988), c. 1086, s. 96; 1989, c. 752, s. 66(a); 1993, c. 166, s. 1; c. 199, s. 4; 1995 (Reg. Sess., 1996), c. 716, s. 7; 1997‑221, ss. 4(a), (b), 5, 7(a), 8, 9, 14, 17(a), (c); 1997‑325, s. 1; 1997‑383, s. 1; 1998‑5, s. 5; 1998‑131, s. 8; 1998‑167, s. 1; 1999‑96, s. 8; 2000‑67, s. 9.2(a); 2001‑129, s. 1; 2002‑126, s. 7.39; 2003‑284, s. 7.20(e); 2003‑408, s. 1; 2004‑124, s. 7.19(a); 2005‑198, ss. 1, 2; 2005‑205, s. 3; 2005‑419, s. 1.)

§ 115C‑296.1.� (Expires September 1, 2006) Teacher shortages; certification.

(a)�� Notwithstanding any other law, if a local board determines there is or anticipates there will be a shortage of qualified teachers with North Carolina certificates available to teach specified subjects or grade levels, then the local board may employ as teachers individuals who do not meet the State Board's requirements for initial or continuing State certification. The local board may employ an individual under this subsection for up to one year under a provisional certificate so long as:

(1)�� Each individual has a postsecondary degree that is at least a bachelors degree.

(2)�� Each individual has:

a.�� An out‑of‑State certificate authorizing the individual to teach the grade or subject to be taught and at least one year of classroom teaching experience the board considers relevant to the grade or subject to be taught;

b.�� At least one year of full‑time classroom teaching experience as a professor, assistant professor, associate professor, instructor, or visiting lecturer at a constituent institution of The University of North Carolina, a North Carolina community college, or other institution of higher education as defined in G.S. 90‑270.2(5) provided the board considers the experience relevant to the grade or subject to be taught; or

c.�� Three years of other experience provided the board determines that both the individual's experience and postsecondary education are relevant to the grade or subject to be taught.

(3)�� Each individual is eligible for re‑employment by his or her prior employer.

(4)�� The board has developed a plan to determine the individual's competence as a teacher. The board's plan shall include a review of the performance of students taught by the individual.

(5)�� During the period of employment under this subsection, the board provides a mentor teacher if the individual does not have a year of classroom teaching experience.

(6)�� During the period of employment under this subsection, the individual receives an annual evaluation and multiple observations under G.S. 115C‑333(a).

(b)�� A local board may re‑employ as a teacher an individual the board initially employed under subdivision (a)(2)a of this section. This individual is then deemed to have satisfied the academic and professional preparation required to receive an initial or continuing State teacher certificate and is not required to take and pass a standard examination to demonstrate that preparation. An individual who receives an initial or continuing State certificate under this subsection is subject to the same requirements for continuing certification and certificate renewal as other teachers who hold initial or continuing State teacher certificates.

(c)�� A local board may re‑employ as a teacher an individual the board initially employed under subdivisions (a)(2)b and (a)(2)c of this section. If the individual, either prior to initial employment or within one year after initial employment, takes and passes any required standard examination adopted by the State Board under G.S. 115C‑296(a) that is or was applicable to the grade or subject the individual is employed to teach, then upon re‑employment the individual is deemed to have satisfied the academic and professional preparation required to receive an initial State teacher certificate. An individual who receives an initial certificate under this subsection is subject to the same requirements for continuing certification as other teachers who hold initial State teacher certificates. If the individual, within one year of the initial employment, does not take and pass any required standard examination adopted by the State Board under G.S. 115C.296(a) that is applicable to the grade or subject the individual is employed to teach, then upon re‑employment the individual shall continue to hold a provisional certificate and is subject to G.S. 115C‑296(c).

(d)�� Local boards shall report semi‑annually to the State Board the number of individuals employed as teachers under each sub‑subdivision of subdivision (2) of subsection (a) of this section. (1998‑226, s. 1; 1999‑108, s. 1; 2002‑126, s. 7.24; 2004‑124, s. 7.19(b).)

§ 115C‑296.2.� National Board for Professional Teaching Standards Certification.

(a)�� State Policy. � It is the goal of the State to provide opportunities and incentives for good teachers to become excellent teachers and to retain them in the teaching profession; to attain this goal, the State shall support the efforts of teachers to achieve national certification by providing approved paid leave time for teachers participating in the process, paying the participation fee, and paying a significant salary differential to teachers who attain national certification from the National Board for Professional Teaching Standards (NBPTS).

The National Board for Professional Teaching Standards (NBPTS) was established in 1987 as an independent, nonprofit organization to establish high standards for teachers' knowledge and performance and for development and operation of a national voluntary system to assess and certify teachers who meet those standards. Participation in the program gives teachers the time and the opportunity to analyze in a systematic way their professional development as teachers, successful teaching strategies, and the substantive areas in which they teach. Participation also gives teachers an opportunity to demonstrate superior ability and to be compensated as superior teachers.� To receive NBPTS certification, a teacher must successfully (i) complete a process of developing a portfolio of student work and videotapes of teaching and learning activities and (ii) participate in NBPTS assessment center simulation exercises, including performance‑based activities and a content knowledge examination.

(b)�� Definitions. � As used in this subsection:

(1)�� A "North Carolina public school" is a school operated by a local board of education, the Department of Health and Human Services, the Department of Correction, the Department of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention or The University of North Carolina; a school affiliated with The University of North Carolina; or a charter school approved by the State Board of Education.

(2)�� A "teacher" is a person who:

a.�� Either:

1.�� Is certified to teach in North Carolina; or

2.�� Holds a certificate or license issued by the State Board of Education that meets the professional license requirement for NBPTS certification;

b.�� Is a State‑paid employee of a North Carolina public school;

c.�� Is paid on the teacher salary schedule; and

d.�� Spends at least seventy percent (70%) of his or her work time:

1.�� In classroom instruction, if the employee is employed as a teacher. Most of the teacher's remaining time shall be spent in one or more of the following: mentoring teachers, doing demonstration lessons for teachers, writing curricula, developing and leading staff development programs for teachers; or

2.�� In work within the employee's area of certification or licensure, if the employee is employed in an area of NBPTS certification other than direct classroom instruction.

(c)�� Payment of the NBPTS Participation Fee; Paid Leave. � The State shall pay the NBPTS participation fee and shall provide up to three days of approved paid leave to all teachers participating in the NBPTS program who:

(1)�� Have completed three full years of teaching in a North Carolina public school; and

(2)�� Have (i) not previously received State funds for participating in any certification area in the NBPTS program, (ii) repaid any State funds previously received for the NBPTS certification process, or (iii) received a waiver of repayment from the State Board of Education.

Teachers participating in the program shall take paid leave only with the approval of their supervisors.

(d)�� Repayment by a Teacher Who Does Not Complete the Process. � A teacher for whom the State pays the participation fee who does not complete the process shall repay the certification fee to the State.

Repayment is not required if a teacher does not complete the process due to the death or disability of the teacher. Upon the application of the teacher, the State Board of Education may waive the repayment requirement if the State Board finds that the teacher was unable to complete the process due to the illness of the teacher, the death or catastrophic illness of a member of the teacher's immediate family, parental leave to care for a newborn or newly adopted child, or other extraordinary circumstances.

(e)�� Repayment by a Teacher Who Does Not Teach for a Year After Completing the Process. � A teacher for whom the State pays the participation fee who does not teach for a year in a North Carolina public school after completing the process shall repay the certification fee to the State.

Repayment is not required if a teacher does not teach in a North Carolina public school for at least one year after completing the process due to the death or disability of the teacher.� Upon the application of the teacher, the State Board of Education may extend the time before which a teacher must either teach for a year or repay the participation fee if the State Board finds that the teacher is unable to teach the next year due to the illness of the teacher, the death or catastrophic illness of a member of the teacher's immediate family, parental leave to care for a newborn or newly adopted child, or other extraordinary circumstances.

(f)�� Rules. � The State Board shall adopt policies and guidelines to implement this section. (2000‑67, s. 8.16; 2000‑137, s. 3.)

§ 115C‑296.3:� Expired June 30, 2004, by operation of Session Laws 2003‑284, s. 7.20(h).

§ 115C‑297:� Repealed by Session Laws 1989, c. 385, s. 2.

§ 115C‑298:� Repealed by Session Laws 1997‑18, s. 9.

§ 115C‑299.� Hiring of teachers.

(a)�� In the city administrative units, teachers shall be elected by the board of education of such administrative unit upon the recommendation of the superintendent of city schools.

Teachers shall be elected by the county and city boards of education upon the recommendation of the superintendent, in accordance with the provisions of G.S. 115C‑276(j).

(b)�� No person otherwise qualified shall be denied the right to receive credentials from the State Board of Education, to receive training for the purpose of becoming a teacher, or to engage in practice teaching in any school on the grounds that such person is totally or partially blind; nor shall any local board of education refuse to employ such a person on such grounds. (1955, c. 1372, art. 5, s. 4; 1971, c. 949; 1981, c. 423, s. 1; 1985 (Reg. Sess., 1986), c. 975, s. 5.)

§ 115C‑300.� In‑service training.

Local boards of education are authorized to provide for the professional growth of teachers while in service and to pass rules and regulations requiring teachers to cooperate with their superintendent for the improvement of instruction in the classroom and for promoting community improvement. (1955, c. 1372, art. 5, s. 29; 1981, c. 423, s. 1.)

§ 115C‑301.� Allocation of teachers; class size.

(a)�� Request for Funds. � The State Board of Education, based upon the reports of local boards of education and such other information as the State Board may require from local boards, shall determine for each local school administrative unit the number of teachers and other instructional personnel to be included in the State budget request.

(b)�� Allocation of Positions. � The State Board of Education is authorized to adopt rules to allot instructional personnel and teachers, within funds appropriated.

(c)�� Maximum Class Size. � The average class size for each grade span in a local school administrative unit shall at no time exceed the funded allotment ratio of teachers to students.� At the end of the second school month and for the remainder of the school year, the size of an individual class shall not exceed the allotment ratio by more than three students.� At no time may the General Assembly appropriate funds for higher unit‑wide class averages than those for which State funds were provided during the 1984‑85 school year.

(d)�� Maximum Teaching Load. � Students shall be assigned to classes so that from the 15th day of the school year through the end of the school year the number of students for whom teachers in grades 7 through 12 are assigned teaching responsibilities during the course of the day is no more than 150 students, except as provided in subsection (g) of this section.

(e)�� Alternative Maximum Class Sizes. � The State Board of Education, in its discretion, may set higher maximum class sizes and daily teaching loads for classes in music, physical education, and other similar subjects, so long as the effectiveness of the instructional programs in those areas is not thereby impaired.

(f)�� Second Month Reports. � At the end of the second month of each school year, each local board of education, through the superintendent, shall file a report for each school within the school unit with the State Board of Education.� The report shall be filed in a format prescribed by the State Board of Education and shall include the organization for each school, the duties of each teacher, the size of each class, the teaching load of each teacher, and such other information as the State Board may require.� As of February 1 each year, local boards of education, through the superintendent, shall report all exceptions to individual class size and daily teaching load maximums that occur at that time.

(g)�� Waivers and Allotment Adjustments. � Local boards of education shall report exceptions to the State Board of Education as provided in G.S. 115C‑47(10), and shall request allotment adjustments or waivers from the standards set out above.� Within 45 days of receipt of reports, the State Board of Education, within funds available, may allot additional positions or grant waivers for the excess class size or daily load.

(1)�� If the exception resulted from (i) exceptional circumstances, emergencies, or acts of God, (ii) large changes in student population, (iii) organizational problems caused by remote geographic location, or (iv) classes organized for a solitary curricular area, and

(2)�� If the local board cannot organizationally correct the exception.

All allotment adjustments and waivers submitted under this provision shall be reported to the Director of the Budget and to the General Assembly by May 15 of each year.

(h)�� State Board Rules. � The State Board of Education shall adopt rules necessary for the implementation of class size and teaching load provisions.

(i)�� Penalty for Noncompliance. � If the State Board of Education determines that a local superintendent has willfully failed to comply with the requirements of this section, no State funds shall be allocated to pay the superintendent's salary for the period of time the superintendent is in noncompliance. (1955, c. 1372, art. 6, s. 6; 1963, c. 688, s. 3; 1965, c. 584, s. 6; 1969, c. 539; 1973, c. 770, ss. 1, 2; 1975, c. 965, s. 3; 1977, c. 1088, s. 4; 1981, c. 423, s. 1; 1983 (Reg. Sess., 1984), c. 1034, ss. 12, 13; 1985, c. 479, s. 55(b)(3)b; 1987, c. 738, s. 181; 1987 (Reg. Sess., 1988), c. 1025, s. 15, c. 1086, s. 89(a).)

§ 115C‑301.1. Duty free period.

All full‑time assigned classroom teachers shall be provided a daily duty free period during regular student contact hours. The duty free period shall be provided to the maximum extent that (i) the safety and proper supervision of children may allow during regular student contact hours and (ii) insofar as funds are provided for this purpose by the General Assembly. If the safety and supervision of children does not allow a daily duty free period during regular student contact hours for a given teacher, the funds provided by the General Assembly for the duty free period for that teacher shall revert to the general fund. Principals shall not unfairly burden a given teacher by making that teacher give up his or her duty free period on an ongoing, regular basis without the consent of the teacher. (1983, c. 761, s. 88; 1999‑163, s. 1.)

§ 115C‑302:� Repealed by Session Laws 1997‑443, s. 8.38(d).

§ 115C‑302.1.� Salary.

(a)�� Prompt Payment. � Teachers shall be paid promptly when their salaries are due provided the legal requirements for their employment and service have been met. All teachers employed by any local school administrative unit who are to be paid from local funds shall be paid promptly as provided by law and as State‑allotted teachers are paid.

(b)�� Salary Payments. � State‑allotted teachers shall be paid for a term of 10 months. State‑allotted months of employment for vocational education to local boards shall be used for the employment of teachers of vocational and technical education for a term of employment to be determined by the local boards of education. However, local boards shall not reduce the term of employment for any vocational agriculture teacher personnel position that was 12 calendar months for the 1982‑83 school year for any school year thereafter. In addition, local boards shall not reduce the term of employment for any vocational agriculture teacher personnel position that was 12 calendar months for the 2003‑2004 school year for any school year thereafter.

Each local board of education shall establish a set date on which monthly salary payments to State‑allotted teachers shall be made. This set pay date may differ from the end of the month of service. The daily rate of pay for teachers shall equal midway between one twenty‑first and one twenty‑second of the monthly rate of pay. Except for teachers employed in a year‑round school or paid in accordance with a year‑round calendar, or both, the initial pay date for teachers shall be no later than August 31 and shall include a full monthly payment. Subsequent pay dates shall be spaced no more than one month apart and shall include a full monthly payment.

Teachers may be prepaid on the monthly pay date for days not yet worked. A teacher who fails to attend scheduled workdays or who has not worked the number of days for which the teacher has been paid and who resigns, is dismissed, or whose contract is not renewed shall repay to the local board any salary payments received for days not yet worked. A teacher who has been prepaid and continues to be employed by a local board but fails to attend scheduled workdays may be subject to dismissal under G.S. 115C‑325 or other appropriate discipline.

Any individual teacher who is not employed in a year‑round school may be paid in 12 monthly installments if the teacher so requests on or before the first day of the school year. The request shall be filed in the local school administrative unit which employs the teacher. The payment of the annual salary in 12 installments instead of 10 shall not increase or decrease the teacher's annual salary nor in any other way alter the contract made between the teacher and the local school administrative unit. Teachers employed for a period of less than 10 months shall not receive their salaries in 12 installments.

Notwithstanding this subsection, the term "daily rate of pay" for the purpose of G.S. 115C‑12(8) or for any other law or policy governing pay or benefits based on the teacher salary schedule shall not exceed one twenty‑second of a teacher's monthly rate of pay.

(c)�� Vacation. � Included within the 10‑month term shall be annual vacation leave at the same rate provided for State employees, computed at one‑twelfth of the annual rate for State employees for each month of employment. Local boards shall provide at least 10 days of annual vacation leave at a time when students are not scheduled to be in regular attendance. However, instructional personnel who do not require a substitute may use annual vacation leave on days that students are in attendance. Vocational and technical education teachers who are employed for 11 or 12 months may, with prior approval of the principal, work on annual vacation leave days designated in the school calendar and may use those annual vacation leave days during the eleventh or twelfth month of employment.

On a day that pupils are not required to attend school due to inclement weather, but employees are required to report for a workday, a teacher may elect not to report due to hazardous travel conditions and to take an annual vacation day or to make up the day at a time agreed upon by the teacher and the teacher's immediate supervisor or principal. On a day that school is closed to employees and pupils due to inclement weather, a teacher shall work on the scheduled makeup day.

All vacation leave taken by the teacher will be upon the authorization of the teacher's immediate supervisor and under policies established by the local board of education. Annual vacation leave shall not be used to extend the term of employment.

Notwithstanding any provisions of this subsection to the contrary, no person shall be entitled to pay for any vacation day not earned by that person.

(c1),�� (c2) Repealed by Session Laws 2002‑126, s. 7.11(a), effective July 1, 2002, and applicable only to leave days accruing after September 30, 2002.

(c3)�� Teachers may accumulate annual vacation leave days without any applicable maximum until June 30 of each year. In order that only 30 days of annual vacation leave carry forward to July 1, on June 30 of each year any teacher or other personnel paid on the teacher salary schedule who has accumulated more than 30 days of annual vacation leave shall convert to sick leave the remaining excess accumulation.

Upon separation from service due to service retirement, resignation, dismissal, reduction in force, or death, an employee shall be paid in a lump sum for accumulated annual leave not to exceed a maximum of 30 days. In addition to the maximum of 30 days pay for accumulated annual leave, upon separation from service due to service retirement, any teacher or other personnel paid on the teacher salary schedule with more than 30 days of accumulated annual vacation leave may convert some or all of the excess accumulation to sick leave for creditable service towards retirement. Employees going onto term disability may exhaust annual leave rather than be paid in a lump sum.

(d)�� Personal Leave. � Teachers earn personal leave at the rate of .20 days for each full month of employment not to exceed two days per year. Personal leave may be accumulated to a maximum of five days. Personal leave may be used only upon the authorization of the teacher's immediate supervisor, but if the request is made at least five days in advance, the teacher cannot be required to provide a reason for the request. Unless approved by the principal, a teacher shall not take personal leave on the first day the teacher is required to report for the school year, on required teacher workdays, or on the day before or the day after holidays or scheduled vacation days. Teachers may transfer personal leave days between local school administrative units. The local school administrative unit shall credit a teacher who has separated from service and is reemployed within 60 months from the date of separation with all personal leave accumulated at the time of separation. Local school administrative units shall not advance personal leave. Teachers using personal leave receive full salary less the required substitute deduction.

(e)�� Teachers in Year‑Round Schools. � Compensation for teachers employed in year‑round schools shall be the same as teachers paid for a 10‑month term, but those days may be scheduled over 12 calendar months. Annual leave, sick leave, workdays, holidays, salary, and longevity for teachers who are employed at year‑round schools shall be equivalent to those of other teachers employed for the same number of months, respectively. Teachers paid for a term of 10 months in year‑round schools shall receive their salary in 12 equal installments.

(f)�� Overpayment. � Each local board of education shall sustain any loss by reason of an overpayment to any teacher paid from State funds.

(g)�� Service in Armed Forces. � The State Board of Education, in fixing the State standard salary schedule of teachers as authorized by law, shall provide that teachers who entered the armed or auxiliary forces of the United States after September 16, 1940, and who left their positions for such service shall be allowed experience increments for the period of such service as though the same had not been interrupted thereby, in the event such persons return to the position of teachers, principals, and superintendents in the public schools of the State after having been honorably discharged from the armed or auxiliary forces of the United States.

(g1)�� Payment During Military Duty. � The State Board of Education shall adopt rules relating to leaves of absence, without loss of pay or time, for periods of military training and for State or federal military duty or for special emergency management service. The rules shall apply to all public school employees, including, but not limited to, school teachers, administrators, guidance counselors, speech language pathologists, nurses, and custodians employed by local boards of education or by charter schools. The rules shall provide that (i) the State pays any salary differential to all public school employees in State‑funded positions, (ii) the employing local board of education pays any pay differential to all public school employees in locally funded positions, (iii) the employing charter school pays any pay differential to all public school employees in the charter school, and (iv) the employing local board of education pays the local supplement.

(h)�� Teachers Paid From Other Funds. � Every local board of education may adopt, as to teachers not paid out of State funds, a salary schedule similar to the State salary schedule, but it likewise shall recognize a difference in salaries based on different duties, training, experience, professional fitness, and continued service in the same school system. If a local board of education does not adopt a local salary schedule, the State salary schedule shall apply. No teacher shall receive a salary higher than that provided in the salary schedule, unless by action of the board of education a higher salary is allowed for special fitness, special duties, or under extraordinary circumstances.

When a higher salary is allowed, the minutes of the board shall show what salary is allowed and the reason. A board of education may authorize the superintendent to supplement the salaries of all teachers from local funds, and the minutes of the board shall show what increase is allowed each teacher.

(i)�� Longevity Pay. � Longevity pay shall be based on the annual salary on the employee's anniversary date.

(j)�� Parental Leave. � A teacher may use annual leave, personal leave, or leave without pay to care for a newborn child or for a child placed with the teacher for adoption or foster care. A teacher may also use up to 30 days of sick leave to care for a child placed with the teacher for adoption. The leave may be for consecutive workdays during the first 12 months after the date of birth or placement of the child, unless the teacher and local board of education agree otherwise. (1997‑443, s. 8.38(e); 1999‑237, s. 28.26(a), (b); 2002‑126, s. 7.11(a); 2002‑159, s. 37.5(a); 2003‑301, s. 1; 2004‑124, s. 7.20; 2004‑180, s. 2.)

§ 115C‑302.2: Repealed by Session Laws 2003‑358, s. 1, effective January 1, 2004.

§ 115C‑303.� Withholding of salary.

(a)�� No teacher shall be placed on the payroll of a local school administrative unit unless he holds a certificate as required by law, and unless a copy of the teacher's contract has been filed with the superintendent. No teacher may be paid more than he is due under the local school salary schedule in force in the local school administrative unit. Substitute and interim teachers shall be paid under rules of the State Board of Education.

(b)�� The board of education may withhold the salary of any teacher who delays or refuses to render such reports as are required by law, but when the reports are delivered in accordance with law, the salary shall be paid forthwith. (1955, c. 1372, art. 6, ss. 11, 13; 1975, c.� 437, ss. 8, 9; 1981, c. 423, s. 1; 1985 (Reg. Sess., 1986), c. 975, s. 19.)

§ 115C‑304.� Teacher tenure.

Tenure of teachers shall be determined in accordance with the provisions of G.S. 115C‑325. (1981, c. 423, s. 1.)

§ 115C‑305: Repealed by Session Laws 2001‑260, s. 2.

§ 115C‑306: Repealed by Session Laws 1983, c.� 770, s. 16.

§ 115C‑307.� Duties of teachers.

(a)�� To Maintain Order and Discipline. � It shall be the duty of all teachers, including student teachers, substitute teachers, voluntary teachers, and teacher assistants when given authority over some part of the school program by the principal or supervising teacher, to maintain good order and discipline in their respective schools. A teacher, student teacher, substitute teacher, voluntary teacher, or teacher assistant shall report to the principal acts of violence in school and students suspended or expelled from school as required to be reported in accordance with State Board policies.

(b)�� To Provide for General Well‑Being of Students. � It shall be the duty of all teachers, including student teachers, substitute teachers, voluntary teachers, and teacher assistants when given authority over some part of the school program by the principal or supervising teacher, to encourage temperance, morality, industry, and neatness; to promote the health of all pupils, especially of children in the first three grades, by providing frequent periods of recreation, to supervise the play activities during recess, and to encourage wholesome exercises for all children.

(c)�� To Provide Some Medical Care to Students. � It is within the scope of duty of teachers, including substitute teachers, teacher assistants, student teachers or any other public school employee when given such authority by the board of education or its designee to provide medical care to students as provided in G.S. 115C‑375.1.

(d)�� To Teach the Students. � It shall be the duty of all teachers, including student teachers, substitute teachers, voluntary teachers, and teacher assistants when given authority over some part of the school program by the principal or supervising teacher, to teach as thoroughly as they are able all branches which they are required to teach; to provide for singing in the school, and so far as possible to give instruction in the public school music.

(e)�� To Enter into the Superintendent's Plans for Professional Growth. � It shall be the duty of all teachers, including student teachers, substitute teachers, voluntary teachers, and teacher assistants when given authority over some part of the school program by the principal or supervising teacher, to enter actively into the plans of the superintendent for the professional growth of the teachers.

(f)�� To Discourage Nonattendance. � Teachers shall cooperate with the principal in ascertaining the cause of nonattendance of pupils that he may report all violators of the compulsory attendance law to the school social worker in accordance with rules promulgated by the State Board of Education.

(g)�� To Make Required Reports. � A teacher shall make all reports required by the local board of education. The superintendent shall not approve the voucher for a teacher's pay until the required monthly and annual reports are made.

The superintendent may require a teacher to make reports to the principal.

A teacher shall be given access to the information in the student information management system to expedite the process of preparing reports or otherwise providing information. A teacher shall not be required by the local board, the superintendent, or the principal to (i) provide information that is already available on the student information management system; (ii) provide the same written information more than once during a school year unless the information has changed during the ensuing period; or (iii) complete forms, for children with disabilities, that are not necessary to ensure compliance with the federal Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). Notwithstanding the forgoing, a local board may require information available on its student information management system or require the same information twice if the local board can demonstrate a compelling need and can demonstrate there is not a more expeditious manner of getting the information.

Any teacher who knowingly and willfully makes or procures another to make any false report or records, requisitions, or payrolls, respecting daily attendance of pupils in the public schools, payroll data sheets, or other reports required to be made to any board or officer in the performance of their duties, shall be guilty of a Class 1 misdemeanor and the certificate of such person to teach in the public schools of North Carolina shall be revoked by the Superintendent of Public Instruction.

(h)�� To Take Care of School Buildings. � It shall be the duty of every teacher to instruct children in proper care of property and to exercise due care in the protection of school property, in accordance with the provisions of G.S. 115C‑523. (1955, c. 1372, art. 17, ss. 4, 6; 1959, cc. 1016, 1294; 1969, c. 638, ss. 2, 3; 1971, c. 434; 1981, c. 423, s. 1; 1985, c. 642; c. 686, s. 2; 1989, c. 585, s. 4; 1993, c. 539, s. 884; 1994, Ex. Sess., c. 24, s. 14(c); 1997‑443, s. 8.29(k); 2000‑67, s. 8.18(a); 2005‑22, s. 2(a).)

§ 115C‑308.� Rules for teacher's conduct.

The conduct of teachers, the kind of reports they shall make, and their duties in the care of school property are subject to the rules and regulations of the local board, as provided in G.S. 115C‑ 47(18). (1981, c. 423, s. 1.)

§ 115C‑309.� Student teachers.

(a)�� Student Teacher and Student Teaching Defined. � A "student teacher" is any student enrolled in an institution of higher education approved by the State Board of Education for the preparation of teachers who is jointly assigned by that institution and a local board of education to student‑teach under the direction and supervision of a regularly employed certified teacher.

"Student teaching" may include those duties granted to a teacher by G.S. 115C‑307 and 115C‑390 and any other part of the school program for which either the supervising teacher or the principal is responsible.

(b)�� Legal Protection. � A student teacher under the supervision of a certified teacher or principal shall have the protection of the laws accorded the certified teacher.

(c)�� Assignment of Duties. � It shall be the responsibility of a supervising teacher, in cooperation with the principal and the representative of the teacher‑preparation institution, to assign to the student teacher responsibilities and duties that will provide adequate preparation for teaching. (1969, c. 638, s. 1; 1981, c. 423,� s. 1.)

§ 115C‑310.� Teacher assistants engaged in student teaching.

The State Board of Education shall adopt a program to facilitate the process by which teacher assistants may become teachers.

Teacher assistants who participate in this program:

(1)�� Shall be enrolled in an approved teacher education program in a North Carolina institution of higher education; and

(2)�� Shall be employed in a North Carolina public school.

Local school administrative units are encouraged to assign teacher assistants to a different classroom during student teaching than the classroom they are assigned to as a teacher assistant. To the extent possible, they may be assigned to another school within the same local school administrative unit.

At the discretion of the local school administrative unit, teacher assistants may continue to receive their salary and benefits while student teaching in the same local school administrative unit where they are employed as a teacher assistant.

The State Board of Education shall consult with the Board of Governors of The University of North Carolina and the North Carolina Independent Colleges and Universities in the development of the program. Each approved teacher education program and each local school administrative unit shall administer this program beginning with the 2005‑2006 academic year. (2005‑302, s. 1.)

§ 115C‑311.� Reserved for future codification purposes.

§ 115C‑312.� Reserved for future codification purposes.

§ 115C‑313.� Reserved for future codification purposes.

§ 115C‑314.� Reserved for future codification purposes.

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