2014 Michigan Compiled Laws
Chapter 450 - CORPORATIONS
Act 162 of 1982 NONPROFIT CORPORATION ACT (450.2101 - 450.3192)
162-1982-4 CHAPTER 4 (450.2401...450.2493)
Section 450.2421 Authorizing person to act for shareholder or member by proxy; signature; duration; revocability; methods of granting authority; use of facsimile or reproduction.

NONPROFIT CORPORATION ACT (EXCERPT)
Act 162 of 1982
450.2421 Authorizing person to act for shareholder or member by proxy; signature; duration; revocability; methods of granting authority; use of facsimile or reproduction.

Sec. 421.

(1) Except as otherwise provided in the articles of incorporation or in a bylaw adopted by the shareholders or members, a shareholder or member entitled to vote at a meeting of shareholders or members or to express consent or dissent without a meeting may authorize other persons to act for the shareholder or member by proxy.

(2) A proxy shall be signed by the shareholder or member or an authorized agent or representative. A proxy is not valid after the expiration of 3 years from its date unless otherwise provided in the proxy.

(3) A proxy is revocable at the pleasure of the shareholder or member executing it, except as otherwise provided in this section and sections 422 and 423.

(4) The authority of the holder of a proxy to act is not revoked by the incompetence or death of the shareholder or member who executed the proxy unless, before the authority is exercised, written notice of an adjudication of the incompetence or death is received by the corporate officer responsible for maintaining the list of shareholders or members.

(5) Without limiting the manner in which a shareholder or member may authorize another person or persons to act for him or her as proxy under subsection (1), each of the following methods constitute a valid means by which a shareholder or member may grant authority to another person to act as proxy:

(a) Delivering a writing to the person authorizing that person to act for the shareholder or member as proxy, executed by the shareholder or member, or by an authorized officer, director, employee, or agent of the shareholder or member, by signing the writing or causing his or her signature to be affixed to the writing by any reasonable means, including, but not limited to, facsimile signature.

(b) Transmitting or authorizing the transmission of a telegram, cablegram, or other means of electronic transmission to the person who will hold the proxy or to a proxy solicitation firm, proxy support service organization, or similar agent fully authorized by the person who will hold the proxy to receive that transmission. Any telegram, cablegram, or other means of electronic transmission must either set forth or be submitted with information from which it can be determined that the telegram, cablegram, or other electronic transmission was authorized by the shareholder or member. If a telegram, cablegram, or other electronic transmission is determined to be valid, the inspectors or, if there are no inspectors, the persons making the determination shall specify the information upon which they relied.

(6) A copy, facsimile telecommunication, or other reliable reproduction of the writing or transmission created under subsection (5) may be substituted or used in lieu of the original writing or transmission for any purpose for which the original writing or transmission could be used, if the copy, facsimile telecommunication, or other reproduction is a complete reproduction of the entire original writing or transmission.

History: 1982, Act 162, Eff. Jan. 1, 1983 ;-- Am. 2008, Act 9, Imd. Eff. Feb. 29, 2008