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2006 Massachusetts Code - CHAPTER 156D — . BUSINESS CORPORATIONS.
- Chapter 156D — Section 1.01. Short Title.
- Chapter 156D — Section 1.02. Reservation of power to amend or repeal.
- Chapter 156D — Section 1.20. Filing requirements.
- Chapter 156D — Section 1.21. Forms.
- Chapter 156D — Section 1.22. Filing, service and copying fees.
- Chapter 156D — Section 1.23. Effective time and date of document.
- Chapter 156D — Section 1.24. Correcting filed document.
- Chapter 156D — Section 1.25. Filing date of secretary of state.
- Chapter 156D — Section 1.26. Appeal from secretary of state's refusal to file document.
- Chapter 156D — Section 1.27. Evidentiary effect of copy of filed document.
- Chapter 156D — Section 1.28. Certificates regarding corporations.
- Chapter 156D — Section 1.29. Penalty for signing false document.
- Chapter 156D — Section 1.30. Powers.
- Chapter 156D — Section 1.40. Act definitions.
- Chapter 156D — Section 1.41. Notice.
- Chapter 156D — Section 1.42. Number of shareholders.
- Chapter 156D — Section 1.50. Interpretation of act.
- Chapter 156D — Section 2.01. Incorporators.
- Chapter 156D — Section 2.02. Articles of organization.
- Chapter 156D — Section 2.03. Incorporation.
- Chapter 156D — Section 2.04. Liability for pre-incorporation transactions.
- Chapter 156D — Section 2.05. Organization of corporation.
- Chapter 156D — Section 2.06. Bylaws.
- Chapter 156D — Section 2.07. Emergency bylaws.
- Chapter 156D — Section 3.01. Purposes.
- Chapter 156D — Section 3.02. General powers.
- Chapter 156D — Section 3.03. Emergency powers.
- Chapter 156D — Section 3.04. Ultra vires.
- Chapter 156D — Section 4.01. Corporate name.
- Chapter 156D — Section 4.02. Reserved name.
- Chapter 156D — Section 5.01. Registered office and registered agent.
- Chapter 156D — Section 5.02. Change of registered agent.
- Chapter 156D — Section 5.03. Resignation of registered agent.
- Chapter 156D — Section 5.04. Service on corporation.
- Chapter 156D — Section 6.01. Authorized share.
- Chapter 156D — Section 6.02. Determination of terms of class or series.
- Chapter 156D — Section 6.03. Issued and outstanding shares.
- Chapter 156D — Section 6.04. Fractional shares.
- Chapter 156D — Section 6.20. Subscription for shares before incorporation.
- Chapter 156D — Section 6.21. Issuance of shares.
- Chapter 156D — Section 6.22. Liability of shareholders.
- Chapter 156D — Section 6.23. Share dividends.
- Chapter 156D — Section 6.24. Share options.
- Chapter 156D — Section 6.25. Form and content of certificates.
- Chapter 156D — Section 6.26. Shares without certificates.
- Chapter 156D — Section 6.27. Restriction on transfer of shares and other securities.
- Chapter 156D — Section 6.30. Shareholders' preemptive rights.
- Chapter 156D — Section 6.31. Corporation's acquisition of its own shares.
- Chapter 156D — Section 6.40. Distributions to shareholders.
- Chapter 156D — Section 6.41. Liability for improper distributions.
- Chapter 156D — Section 7.01. Annual meeting.
- Chapter 156D — Section 7.02. Special meeting.
- Chapter 156D — Section 7.03. Court-ordered meeting.
- Chapter 156D — Section 7.04. Action without meeting.
- Chapter 156D — Section 7.05. Notice of meeting.
- Chapter 156D — Section 7.06. Waiver of notice.
- Chapter 156D — Section 7.07. Record date.
- Chapter 156D — Section 7.08. Meetings by remote communications; remote participation in meetings.
- Chapter 156D — Section 7.20. Shareholders list for meeting.
- Chapter 156D — Section 7.21. Voting entitlement of shares.
- Chapter 156D — Section 7.22. Proxies.
- Chapter 156D — Section 7.23. Shares held by nominees.
- Chapter 156D — Section 7.24. Corporation's acceptance of votes.
- Chapter 156D — Section 7.25. Quorum and noting requirements for voting groups.
- Chapter 156D — Section 7.26. Action by single and multiple voting groups.
- Chapter 156D — Section 7.27. Greater or lesser quorum or voting requirements for shareholders.
- Chapter 156D — Section 7.28. Voting for directors; cumulative voting.
- Chapter 156D — Section 7.29. Form of shareholder action.
- Chapter 156D — Section 7.30.Voting trusts.
- Chapter 156D — Section 7.31. Voting agreements.
- Chapter 156D — Section 7.32. Shareholder agreements.
- Chapter 156D — Section 7.40. Subchapter definitions.
- Chapter 156D — Section 7.41. Standing.
- Chapter 156D — Section 7.42. Demand.
- Chapter 156D — Section 7.43. Stay of proceedings.
- Chapter 156D — Section 7.44. Dismissal.
- Chapter 156D — Section 7.45. Discontinuance or settlement.
- Chapter 156D — Section 7.46. Payment of expenses.
- Chapter 156D — Section 7.47. Applicability to foreign corporations.
- Chapter 156D — Section 8.01. Requirement for and duties of directors.
- Chapter 156D — Section 8.02. Qualifications of directors.
- Chapter 156D — Section 8.03. Number and election of directors.
- Chapter 156D — Section 8.04. Election of directors by certain classes of shareholders.
- Chapter 156D — Section 8.05. Terms of directors generally.
- Chapter 156D — Section 8.06. Staggered terms for directors.
- Chapter 156D — Section 8.07. Resignation of directors.
- Chapter 156D — Section 8.08. Removal of directors.
- Chapter 156D — Section 8.10. Vacancy on board.
- Chapter 156D — Section 8.11. Compensation of directors.
- Chapter 156D — Section 8.20. Meetings.
- Chapter 156D — Section 8.21. Action without meeting.
- Chapter 156D — Section 8.22. Notice of meeting.
- Chapter 156D — Section 8.23. Waiver of notice.
- Chapter 156D — Section 8.24. Quorum and voting.
- Chapter 156D — Section 8.25. Committees.
- Chapter 156D — Section 8.30. General standards for directors.
- Chapter 156D — Section 8.31. Director conflict of interest.
- Chapter 156D — Section 8.32. Loans to directors.
- Chapter 156D — Section 8.40. Required officers.
- Chapter 156D — Section 8.41. Duties of officers.
- Chapter 156D — Section 8.42. Standards of conduct for officers.
- Chapter 156D — Section 8.43. Resignation and removal of officers.
- Chapter 156D — Section 8.44. Contract rights of officers.
- Chapter 156D — Section 8.45. Certificate of change in officers or directors.
- Chapter 156D — Section 8.46. Instruments affecting real estate.
- Chapter 156D — Section 8.50. Subchapter definitions.
- Chapter 156D — Section 8.51. Permissible indemnification.
- Chapter 156D — Section 8.52. Mandatory indemnification.
- Chapter 156D — Section 8.53. Advance for expenses.
- Chapter 156D — Section 8.54. Court-ordered indemnification and advance for expenses.
- Chapter 156D — Section 8.55. Determination and authorization of indemnification.
- Chapter 156D — Section 8.56. Officers.
- Chapter 156D — Section 8.57. Insurance.
- Chapter 156D — Section 8.58. Variation by corporate action; application of subchapter.
- Chapter 156D — Section 8.59. Exclusivity of subchapter.
- Chapter 156D — Section 9.20. Domestication.
- Chapter 156D — Section 9.21. Voting for directors; cumulative voting.
- Chapter 156D — Section 9.22. Articles of domestication.
- Chapter 156D — Section 9.23. Surrender of charter upon domestication.
- Chapter 156D — Section 9.24. Effect of domestication.
- Chapter 156D — Section 9.25. Abandonment of a domestication.
- Chapter 156D — Section 9.30. Nonprofit conversion.
- Chapter 156D — Section 9.31. Action on a plan of nonprofit conversion.
- Chapter 156D — Section 9.32. Articles of nonprofit conversion.
- Chapter 156D — Section 9.33. Surrender of charter upon foreign nonprofit conversion.
- Chapter 156D — Section 9.34. Effect of nonprofit conversion.
- Chapter 156D — Section 9.35. Abandonment of a nonprofit conversion.
- Chapter 156D — Section 9.40. Foreign nonprofit domestication and conversion.
- Chapter 156D — Section 9.41. Articles of domestication and conversion.
- Chapter 156D — Section 9.42. Effect of foreign nonprofit domestication and conversion.
- Chapter 156D — Section 9.43. Abandonment of a foreign nonprofit domestication and conversion.
- Chapter 156D — Section 9.50. Entity conversion authorized; definitions.
- Chapter 156D — Section 9.51. Plan of entity conversion.
- Chapter 156D — Section 9.52. Action on a plan of entity conversion.
- Chapter 156D — Section 9.53. Articles of entity conversion.
- Chapter 156D — Section 9.54. Surrender of charter upon conversion.
- Chapter 156D — Section 9.55. Effect of entity conversion.
- Chapter 156D — Section 9.56. Abandonment of an entity conversion.
- Chapter 156D — Section 10.01. Authority to amend.
- Chapter 156D — Section 10.02. Amendment before issuance of shares.
- Chapter 156D — Section 10.03. Amendment by board of directors and shareholders; exemption.
- Chapter 156D — Section 10.04. Voting on amendments by voting groups.
- Chapter 156D — Section 10.05. Amendment by board of directors.
- Chapter 156D — Section 10.06. Articles of amendment.
- Chapter 156D — Section 10.07. Restated articles of organization.
- Chapter 156D — Section 10.08. Effect of amendment.
- Chapter 156D — Section 10.20. Amendment by board of directors or shareholders.
- Chapter 156D — Section 10.21. Bylaw dealing with quorum or voting requirements for shareholders.
- Chapter 156D — Section 10.22. Bylaw dealing with quorum or voting requirements for board of directors.
- Chapter 156D — Section 11.01. Definitions.
- Chapter 156D — Section 11.02. Merger.
- Chapter 156D — Section 11.03. Share exchange.
- Chapter 156D — Section 11.04. Action on a plan of merger or share exchange.
- Chapter 156D — Section 11.05. Merger between parent and subsidiary or between subsidiaries.
- Chapter 156D — Section 11.06. Articles of merger or share exchange.
- Chapter 156D — Section 11.07. Effect of merger or share exchange.
- Chapter 156D — Section 11.08. Abandonment of a merger or share exchange.
- Chapter 156D — Section 12.01. Sale of assets in regular course of business and mortgage of assets.
- Chapter 156D — Section 12.02. Sale of assets other than in regular course of business.
- Chapter 156D — Section 13.01. Definitions.
- Chapter 156D — Section 13.02. Right to appraisal.
- Chapter 156D — Section 13.03. Assertion of rights by nominees and beneficial owners.
- Chapter 156D — Section 13.20. Notice of appraisal rights.
- Chapter 156D — Section 13.21. Notice of intent to demand payment.
- Chapter 156D — Section 13.22. Appraisal notice and form.
- Chapter 156D — Section 13.23. Perfection of rights; rights to withdraw.
- Chapter 156D — Section 13.24. Payment.
- Chapter 156D — Section 13.25. After-acquired shares.
- Chapter 156D — Section 13.26. Procedure if shareholder dissatisfied with payment or offer.
- Chapter 156D — Section 13.30. Court action.
- Chapter 156D — Section 13.31. Court costs and counsel fees.
- Chapter 156D — Section 14.01. Dissolution by incorporators or initial directors.
- Chapter 156D — Section 14.02. Dissolution by board of directors and shareholders, or otherwise in accordance with articles of organization.
- Chapter 156D — Section 14.03. Articles of dissolution.
- Chapter 156D — Section 14.04. Revocation of dissolution.
- Chapter 156D — Section 14.05. Evidentiary effect of copy of filed document.
- Chapter 156D — Section 14.06. Known non-contingent claims against dissolved corporation.
- Chapter 156D — Section 14.07. Unknown claims against dissolved corporation.
- Chapter 156D — Section 14.08. Creation of reserves as adequate provision for unasserted product liability claims and known contingent claims against dissolved corporation.
- Chapter 156D — Section 14.09. Enforcement of claims against dissolved corporation.
- Chapter 156D — Section 14.20. Grounds for administrative dissolution.
- Chapter 156D — Section 14.21. Procedure for and effect of administrative dissolution.
- Chapter 156D — Section 14.22. Reinstatement following administrative dissolution.
- Chapter 156D — Section 14.23. Appeal from denial of reinstatement.
- Chapter 156D — Section 14.30. Grounds for judicial dissolution.
- Chapter 156D — Section 14.31. Procedure for judicial dissolution.
- Chapter 156D — Section 14.32. Receivership or custodianship.
- Chapter 156D — Section 14.33. Decree of dissolution.
- Chapter 156D — Section 14.34. Reorganization under a statute of the United States; effectuation.
- Chapter 156D — Section 15.01. Authority to transact business required.
- Chapter 156D — Section 15.02. Consequences of transacting business without authority.
- Chapter 156D — Section 15.03. Delivering certificate by foreign corporation.
- Chapter 156D — Section 15.04. Amended certificate.
- Chapter 156D — Section 15.05. Effect of filing of certificate.
- Chapter 156D — Section 15.06. Corporate name of foreign corporation.
- Chapter 156D — Section 15.07. Registered office and registered agent of foreign corporation.
- Chapter 156D — Section 15.08. Change of registered office or registered agent of foreign corporation.
- Chapter 156D — Section 15.09. Resignation of registered agent of foreign corporation.
- Chapter 156D — Section 15.10. Liability to be sued; service on foreign corporation.
- Chapter 156D — Section 15.11. False reports or statements.
- Chapter 156D — Section 15.20. Withdrawal of foreign corporation.
- Chapter 156D — Section 15.21. Automatic withdrawal upon certain conversions.
- Chapter 156D — Section 15.22. Withdrawal upon conversion to a nonfiling entity.
- Chapter 156D — Section 15.23. Transfer of authority.
- Chapter 156D — Section 15.30. Grounds for revocation.
- Chapter 156D — Section 15.31. Procedure for and effect of revocation.
- Chapter 156D — Section 15.32. Appeal from revocation.
- Chapter 156D — Section 16.01. Corporate records.
- Chapter 156D — Section 16.02. Inspection of records by shareholders.
- Chapter 156D — Section 16.03. Scope of inspection right.
- Chapter 156D — Section 16.04. Court-ordered inspection.
- Chapter 156D — Section 16.05. Inspection of records by directors.
- Chapter 156D — Section 16.06. Exception to notice requirement; consequences of inability to deliver notice.
- Chapter 156D — Section 16.20. Financial statement for shareholders.
- Chapter 156D — Section 16.21. By-law amendments.
- Chapter 156D — Section 16.22. Annual report for secretary of state.
- Chapter 156D — Section 17.01. Application to existing domestic corporations.
- Chapter 156D — Section 17.02. Application to qualified foreign corporations.
- Chapter 156D — Section 17.03. Saving provisions.
- Chapter 156D — Section 17.04. Severability.
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