2020 Georgia Code
Title 7 - Banking and Finance
Chapter 1 - Financial Institutions
Article 2 - Banks and Trust Companies
Part 12 - Management
§ 7-1-494. Liability of Directors in Certain Cases

1. In addition to any other liabilities imposed by law upon directors of a bank or trust company:
   1. Directors of a bank or trust company who vote for or assent to the declaration of any dividend or other distribution of the assets of a bank or trust company to its shareholders which is not authorized by this chapter or is contrary to any restrictions contained in the articles shall be jointly and severally liable to the bank or trust company for the amount of such dividend which is paid or the value of such assets which are distributed in excess of the amount of such dividend or distribution which could have been paid or distributed without a violation of the provisions of this chapter or the restrictions in the articles to the extent that any depositor, creditor, or shareholder of the bank or trust company has suffered damage as a result thereof; and
   2. The directors of a bank or trust company who vote for or assent to any distribution of assets of a bank or trust company to its shareholders during the voluntary liquidation of the bank or trust company without the payment and discharge of, or making adequate provisions for, all known debts, obligations, and liabilities of the bank or trust company shall be jointly and severally liable to the bank or trust company for the value of such assets which are distributed, to the extent that such debts, obligations, and liabilities of the bank or trust company are not thereafter paid and discharged.
2. A director of a bank or trust company who is present at a meeting of its board of directors at which action on any corporate matter is taken shall be presumed to have assented to the action taken unless his dissent shall be entered in the minutes of the meeting or unless he shall file his written dissent to such action with the person acting as the secretary of the meeting before the adjournment thereof or shall forward such dissent by registered or certified mail or statutory overnight delivery to the secretary of the bank or trust company within 24 hours after the adjournment of the meeting. Such right to dissent shall not apply to a director who, being present at the meeting, failed to vote against such action.
3. A director shall not be liable under subsection (a) of this Code section if he relied and acted in good faith upon financial information of the bank or trust company represented to him to be correct by the president or the officer of the bank or trust company having charge of its books of account or stated in a written report by an independent or certified public accountant or firm of such accountants to reflect fairly the financial condition of such bank or trust company; nor shall he be so liable if in good faith in determining the amount available for any such dividend or distribution he considered the assets to be represented fairly on the books of the bank.
4. Any director against whom any claim shall be asserted under or pursuant to this Code section for the payment of a dividend or other distribution of assets of a bank or trust company and who shall be held liable thereon shall be entitled to contribution from the shareholders who, knowing such dividend or distribution to have been made in violation of this chapter, accepted or received any such dividends or assets in proportion to the amounts received by them respectively.
5. Any director against whom any claim shall be asserted under or pursuant to this Code section shall be entitled to contribution from the other directors who voted for or assented to the action upon which the claim is asserted.
6. No liability under this Code section shall be asserted more than six years from the time the cause of action accrued.

(Code 1933, § 41A-2215, enacted by Ga. L. 1974, p. 705, § 1; Ga. L. 2000, p. 1589, § 3.)

- Ga. L. 2000, p. 1589, § 16, not codified by the General Assembly, provides that the amendment to this Code section is applicable with respect to notices delivered on or after July 1, 2000.

RESEARCH REFERENCES

Am. Jur. 2d.

- 10 Am. Jur. 2d, Banks and Financial Institutions, §§ 402 et seq., 416.

- 9 C.J.S., Banks and Banking, §§ 106, 107, 111, 124 et seq., 219 et seq., 511.

- Constitutionality of statutes relating to personal liability of officers or directors of bank, 57 A.L.R. 888.

Running of statute of limitations against action against bank directors or officers for making excessive or unauthorized loans, 83 A.L.R. 1204.

Personal liability of officers or directors of bank in respect of trust funds illegally deposited in bank, 112 A.L.R. 1214.

Construction and application of statutes relating to civil liability of directors, officers or employees of bank, in case of false reports or statements, 114 A.L.R. 472.

Standard of liability applicable to action against directors or officers of failed depository institution pursuant to 12 USCS § 1821(k), 125 A.L.R. Fed. 435.

PART 13 AMENDMENT OF ARTICLES

7-1-510. Authorized amendments; articles entirely restated; notice to Secretary of State.

1. A bank or trust company may, in the manner provided in this part, amend its articles at any time in order to make any change therein which would then be authorized for inclusion in original articles under this chapter, including without limitation an amendment:
   1. To adopt a new name permitted to be used under this chapter;
   2. To renew the term for which it is to exist or to provide for perpetual duration;
   3. To change, add to, or diminish the statement of its purpose or purposes;
   4. To increase or diminish the aggregate number of shares which it has authority to issue or to reclassify the shares by changing the number, par value, designations, preferences, redemption provisions, or relative, participating, optional, or other special rights of the shares or the qualifications, limitations, or restrictions of such rights, either with or without an increase or decrease in the number of shares;
   5. To restate the articles in their entirety;
   6. To change its main office location to a new location; or
   7. In the case of a bank, to become a trust company and, in the case of a trust company, to become a bank, with or without retaining an existing capacity to engage in the banking or trust business as the case may be.
2. Articles restated in their entirety shall state the street address and county of the current instead of the original main office of the bank or trust company and need not state the names or other information concerning the first directors or the incorporators.
3. Articles need not be amended for the addition or change of a registered agent or the change of a registered office. The bank or trust company shall, however, notify in writing the department and the Secretary of State of such changes.

(Ga. L. 1898, p. 78, § 7; Ga. L. 1910, p. 98, § 1; Civil Code 1910, § 2821; Ga. L. 1917, p. 81, § 1; Ga. L. 1919, p. 135, art. 9, § 1; Ga. L. 1919, p. 135, art. 10, § 1; Ga. L. 1920, p. 102, § 1; Ga. L. 1927, p. 344, §§ 5, 6; Code 1933, §§ 13-1001, 13-1101, 109-301, 109-302, 109-401, 109-505; Ga. L. 1943, p. 249, § 2; Ga. L. 1953, Jan.-Feb. Sess., p. 240, § 1; Ga. L. 1964, p. 75, § 1; Ga. L. 1965, p. 501, § 2; Ga. L. 1966, p. 692, §§ 28, 37; Ga. L. 1968, p. 1045, § 2; Code 1933, § 13-1201, enacted by Ga. L. 1969, p. 964, § 1; Ga. L. 1972, p. 727, § 4; Code 1933, § 109-302.1, enacted by Ga. L. 1973, p. 525, § 1; Code 1933, § 41A-2301, enacted by Ga. L. 1974, p. 705, § 1; Ga. L. 1989, p. 1257, § 8; Ga. L. 1998, p. 795, § 21; Ga. L. 1999, p. 674, § 9.)

OPINIONS OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL

Editor's notes.

- In light of the similarity of the statutory provisions, opinions under former Code 1933, § 41A-2305 are included in the annotations for this Code section.

- Notice required under former Code 1933, § 41A-2305 must unqualifiedly state approval or disapproval by the Department of Banking and Finance of proposed articles of amendment in the form in which they are submitted and the department may not in the department's approval modify articles or otherwise condition the department's approval on a particular method of operation under approved articles; any attempt to qualify the department's approval is beyond the jurisdiction of the department and therefore void. 1975 Op. Att'y Gen. No. 75-126 (decided under former Code 1933, § 41A-2305).

RESEARCH REFERENCES

C.J.S.

- 9 C.J.S., Banks and Banking, § 34.