2020 Georgia Code
Title 21 - Elections
Chapter 2 - Elections and Primaries Generally
Article 6 - Registration of Voters
§ 21-2-228. Examination of Electors' Qualifications; Subpoenas; Notice and Hearing; Right of Appeal

1. The board of registrars of each county or municipality shall have the right and shall be charged with the duty of examining from time to time the qualifications of each elector of the county or municipality whose name is entered upon the list of electors and shall not be limited or estopped by any action previously taken.
2. For the purpose of determining the qualification or disqualification of applicants and electors, the board of registrars may, upon at least three days' notice, require the production of books, papers, and other material and, upon like notice, may subpoena witnesses. The board may swear any witness appearing before it. If the registrars shall differ among themselves upon any question coming before them, the concurrent votes of a majority of the registrars shall control.
3. The sheriff, any deputy sheriff, or any lawful constable of such county or peace officer of such municipality shall serve all summonses, notices, and subpoenas issued by such registrars and placed in the hands of any such official. Such official shall receive such compensation as is provided for like services in the superior court. In case of the refusal of any person subpoenaed to attend or testify, such fact shall be reported immediately by the registrars to the appropriate superior court, or to a judge thereof, and such court or judge shall order such witness to attend and testify; and, on failure or refusal to obey such order, such witness shall be dealt with as for contempt. Any witness so subpoenaed, and after attending, shall be allowed and paid the same mileage and fee as allowed and paid witnesses in civil actions in the superior court.
4. If the right of any person to remain on the list of electors is questioned by the registrars, they shall give such person at least three days' written notice of the date, time, and place of a hearing to determine such right which shall be served upon such person either by first-class mail addressed to the mailing address shown on the person's voter registration records or in the manner provided in subsection (c) of this Code section for other notices.
5. If, after conducting a hearing, the registrars find that the elector is not qualified to remain on the list of electors, the registrars shall remove the name of such elector from the list of electors. The elector shall be notified of such decision in writing either by first-class mail addressed to the mailing address shown on the person's voter registration records or in the manner provided in subsection (c) of this Code section for other notices.
6. An elector whose name is removed from the list of electors in accordance with this Code section shall have a right of appeal of such decision to the superior court of the county by filing a petition with the clerk of the superior court within ten days after the date of the decision of the registrars. A copy of such petition shall be served upon the registrars. Unless and until the decision of the registrars is reversed by the court, the decision of the registrars shall stand.

(Code 1981, §21-2-228, enacted by Ga. L. 1994, p. 1443, § 3; Ga. L. 1997, p. 590, § 24; Ga. L. 1998, p. 295, § 1.)

- Method of appeal from registration decisions, Ga. Const. 1983, Art. II, Sec. II, Para. I.

JUDICIAL DECISIONS

Appellate jurisdiction.

- Without a clear connection to a specific election, a challenge to a voter's qualifications brought under O.C.G.A. § 21-2-228 or O.C.G.A. § 21-2-229 does not come within the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court of Georgia over "cases of election contest," Ga. Const. 1983, Art. VI, Sec. VI, Para. II (2). To the extent that Jarrard v. Clayton County Bd. of Registrars, 425 S.E.2d 874 (1992), was decided as an election contest, it was overruled. Cook v. Board of Registrars, 291 Ga. 67, 727 S.E.2d 478 (2012).

OPINIONS OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL

Editor's notes.

- In light of the similarity of the statutory provisions, opinions under former Code 1933, § 34-617 and former Code Sections 21-2-225 and 21-2-236 are included in the annotations for this Code section.

- A registrar is not authorized to remove a person's name from the list of electors based on the registrar's receipt of a returned letter notifying such person of a hearing under former § 21-2-225. 1982 Op. Att'y Gen. No. 82-23 (decided under former Code Section21-2-225 as it read prior to the 1994 repeal and reenactment by Ga. L. 1994, p. 1443, § 3).

Although a registrar may well question voter eligibility based solely on returned mail from the voter's address of record, it is imperative that all reasonable measures be taken to maximize the possibility of receipt by the elector of the notice of hearing, e.g., mail forwarding. 1982 Op. Att'y Gen. No. 82-23 (decided under former Code Section 21-2-225 as it read prior to the 1994 repeal and reenactment by Ga. L. 1994, p. 1443, § 3).

- As the Election Code does not establish a procedure for automatic disqualification of voters convicted of a crime involving moral turpitude, it is suggested that written notice be given to the elector as required by former Code 1933, § 34-617, or, if the list has already been prepared, the voter should be called upon to show cause why the voter's name should not be removed from the voters list. 1974 Op. Att'y Gen. No. 74-128 (decided prior to 1983 amendment of § 21-2-219; decided under former Code 1933, § 34-617 as it read prior to the 1994 repeal and reenactment by Ga. L. 1994, p. 1443, § 3).

- Inasmuch as the law clearly states that an elector be registered in the election district in which the elector resides, it would be proper for the board of registrars to question the qualifications of any elector whom the board believes to be residing outside the district in which such person is registered. 1968 Op. Att'y Gen. No. 68-220 (decided under former Code 1933, §§ 34-408, 34-603, 34-604 and 34-627 as it read prior to the 1994 repeal and reenactment by Ga. L. 1994, p. 1443, § 3).

Person who moves away from a county and makes a home elsewhere forfeits the right to vote in that county. 1965-66 Op. Att'y Gen. No. 65-56 (decided under former Code 1933, §§ 34-408, 34-602, 34-603, 34-604, and 34-627 as it read prior to the 1994 repeal and reenactment by Ga. L. 1994, p. 1443, § 3).

Board of registrars has the right and duty to make changes in its records if it learns from voters' certificates of changes of names or addresses of voters. 1970 Op. Att'y Gen. No. U70-12 (decided under former Code 1933, §§ 34-408, 34-602, 34-603, 34-604, and 34-627 as it read prior to the 1994 repeal and reenactment by Ga. L. 1994, p. 1443, § 3).

- Where the registration card corresponding to an otherwise proper application for an absentee ballot is signed but is otherwise incomplete in some respect, until the completion of proceedings in accordance with former Code 1933, §§ 34-408, 34-602, 34-603, 34-604, and 34-627, the registrar may not refuse to deliver the absentee ballot unless the absence of information sought by the registration card on file gives rise to a question as to the applicant's identity. 1976 Op. Att'y Gen. No. 76-2 (decided under former Code 1933, §§ 34-408, 34-602, 34-603, 34-604, and 34-627 as it read prior to the 1994 repeal and reenactment by Ga. L. 1994, p. 1443, § 3).

- An elector whose name has been removed from the list of electors upon a challenge by a board of registrars after an administrative hearing is entitled to have that decision reviewed by a superior court. 1992 Op. Att'y Gen. No. 92-16 (decided under former Code Section 21-2-236 as it read prior to the 1994 repeal and reenactment by Ga. L. 1994, p. 1443, § 3).

RESEARCH REFERENCES

Am. Jur. 2d.

- 25 Am. Jur. 2d, Elections, § 174 et seq.

- 29 C.J.S., Elections, §§ 69, 70 et seq.

- Nonregistration as affecting legality of votes cast by persons otherwise qualified, 101 A.L.R. 657.

Constitutionality of voter participation provisions for primary elections, 120 A.L.R.5th 125.

Validity of statute requiring proof and disclosure of information as condition of registration to vote, 48 A.L.R.6th 181.