2020 Connecticut General Statutes
Title 52 - Civil Actions
Chapter 906 - Postjudgment Procedures
Section 52-362d - Lien against property of obligor for unpaid child support. Securing, releasing or foreclosing lien. Notice of lien and opportunity for hearing. Information re unpaid support reported to participating consumer reporting agency. Offset for child support arrearage against money payable by state to obligor. Notification by Connecticut Lottery Corporation. Hearings re alleged arrearages. Regulations.

(a) Whenever an order of the Superior Court or a family support magistrate for support of a minor child or children is issued and such payments have been ordered to be made to the state acting by and through the IV-D agency and the person against whom such support order was issued owes past-due support in the amount of five hundred dollars or more, the state shall have a lien on any property, real or personal, in which such person has an interest to enforce payment of such past-due support. The lien for past-due child support shall be secured by the IV-D agency pursuant to procedures contained in the general statutes applicable to the type of property to be secured. After securing the lien, the IV-D agency shall provide such person with notice of the lien and an opportunity for a hearing before a hearing officer of the Department of Social Services pursuant to section 17b-60 to contest the lien. The IV-D agency shall file a release of such lien if a hearing officer determines that the conditions for the existence of a lien are not satisfied. Any such lien on real property may, at any time during which the obligor owes the amount of past-due child support secured by such lien, be foreclosed in an action brought in a court of competent jurisdiction by the Commissioner of Social Services in a title IV-D case or by the person to whom the child support is due. A lien for past-due support arising in any other state shall be given full faith and credit by this state provided such other state has complied with its procedural rules relating to recording or serving of liens.

(b) On October 1, 1991, and monthly thereafter, the Department of Social Services shall compile a list of all obligors who owe overdue support in the amount of one thousand dollars or more accruing after the entry of an initial court order establishing a child support obligation. Any overdue support in an amount of one thousand dollars or more shall be subject to the reporting provisions of this section. The state shall report to any participating consumer reporting agency, as defined in 15 USC 1681a(f), information regarding the amount of such overdue support owed by an obligor if the amount of such overdue support is one thousand dollars or more, on a computer tape in a format acceptable to the consumer reporting agency. Such information shall be reported by the department only after notice has been sent by the department to such obligor of the proposed action, and such obligor is given an opportunity for a hearing before a hearing officer of the department to contest the amount of the alleged arrearage. Any such notice sent to such obligor shall contain a telephone number and address of the Department of Social Services and shall contain the following language in bold type: “If you are no longer in arrears or have received this notice in error, please contact the department at the following address or telephone number.” On a monthly basis, the Department of Social Services shall provide to each consumer reporting agency informed of the original arrearage of an obligor updated information concerning any such obligor and the status of payments, including a list of obligors who no longer owe overdue support, in such acceptable computer format. The department shall designate one or more persons in the department to receive telephone or other requests from an obligor or a consumer reporting agency regarding verification of information supplied to a consumer reporting agency. The department shall respond to any such request within five working days of its receipt. Upon satisfactory verification that an obligor is no longer in arrears, the department shall send a statement to such obligor, and such statement shall constitute proof to a creditor that such obligor is no longer in arrears as of the date of the statement. A participating consumer reporting agency which receives such updated information from the department that an obligor no longer owes any overdue support shall record such information within thirty days of receipt of such notification unless the information was in a format which was unusable by the agency or contained an error which prevented the agency from matching the updated information to previously supplied data. Any consumer reporting agency which negligently or wilfully fails to use reasonable efforts to comply with any requirement imposed under this subsection with respect to an obligor shall be liable to such obligor in an amount equal to the sum of (1) any actual damages sustained by the obligor as a result of such failure, and (2) a reasonable attorney's fee as determined by the court.

(c) When any person redeems a winning lottery ticket worth five thousand dollars or more at the central office of the Connecticut Lottery Corporation, the Connecticut Lottery Corporation shall check the name and other identifying information of such person against a list of obligors supplied by the Commissioner of Social Services. If such person is included on the list of obligors, the Connecticut Lottery Corporation shall request confirmation from the Commissioner of Social Services that such person is in fact an obligor, and upon notification by the Commissioner of Social Services that money is due from any such person as a result of a claim for support which has been assigned to the state pursuant to section 17b-77, or is to be paid to the state acting by and through the IV-D agency, the Connecticut Lottery Corporation shall withhold from any lottery winnings payable to such person under the provisions of chapter 226 or chapter 229a the amount of such claim for support owed to an individual for any portion of support which has not been assigned to the state and then the amount of such claim for support owed to the state, provided the Connecticut Lottery Corporation shall notify such person that (1) lottery winnings have been withheld as a result of the amount due for such support, and (2) such person has the right to a hearing before a hearing officer designated by the Commissioner of Social Services if such person contests the amount of the alleged claim for support. The Connecticut Lottery Corporation shall pay any such person in accordance with any decisions of the hearing officer or the court upon appeal of the hearing officer's decision.

(d) Whenever an order of the Superior Court or a family support magistrate of this state, or an order of another state that has been registered in this state, for support of a minor child or children is issued and such payments have been ordered through the IV-D agency, and the obligor against whom such support order was issued owes overdue support under such order in the amount of five hundred dollars or more, the IV-D agency, as defined in subdivision (12) of subsection (b) of section 46b-231, or Support Enforcement Services of the Superior Court may notify (1) any state or local agency or officer with authority (A) to hold assets or property for such obligor including, but not limited to, any property unclaimed or presumed abandoned under part III of chapter 32, or (B) to distribute benefits to such obligor including, but not limited to, unemployment compensation and workers' compensation, (2) any person having or expecting to have custody or control of or authority to distribute any amounts due such obligor under any judgment or settlement, (3) any financial institution holding assets of such obligor, and (4) any public or private entity administering a public or private retirement fund in which such obligor has an interest that such obligor owes overdue support in a IV-D support case. Upon receipt of such notice, such agency, officer, person, institution or entity shall withhold delivery or distribution of any such property, benefits, amounts, assets or funds until receipt of further notice from the IV-D agency.

(e) In IV-D cases in which a notice is sent pursuant to subsection (d) of this section, the IV-D agency shall notify the obligor that such property, benefits, amounts, assets or funds have been withheld as a result of overdue support in a IV-D support case in accordance with an order of the Superior Court or family support magistrate of this state, or an order of another state that has been registered in this state. The IV-D agency shall further notify the agency, officer, person, institution or entity to whom notice was sent pursuant to subsection (d) of this section as follows: (1) Upon expiration of the time for requesting a hearing specified in section 17b-60, to make payment to the state from any such property, benefits, amounts, assets or funds withheld in accordance with subsection (d) of this section provided, in the case of retirement funds, such payment shall only be made in accordance with a withholding order issued under section 52-362 when the obligor is entitled to receive retirement benefits from such fund; (2) upon payment of such overdue support by such obligor, to release or distribute, as appropriate, such property, benefits, amounts, assets or funds to such obligor; or (3) upon issuance of a decision by the hearing officer or the court upon appeal of such officer's decision, to take such other action as may be ordered by such officer or such court, and such agency, officer, person, institution or entity shall forthwith comply with such notice received from the IV-D agency.

(f) Support collected pursuant to this section shall be distributed as required by Title IV-D of the Social Security Act.

(g) The Commissioner of Social Services shall adopt regulations, in accordance with chapter 54, setting forth procedures providing for adequate notice of (1) the right to a hearing before a hearing officer, and (2) procedures for a fair hearing for any person alleged by the commissioner to owe past-due or overdue child support to the state, or to an individual when the payments have been ordered payable to the state acting by and through the IV-D agency, if the commissioner has filed a lien on the property of such person or claimed an offset against money payable by the state to enforce a claim for payment of such past-due or overdue support, or intends to seize any benefits, amounts, assets or funds withheld in accordance with subsection (d) of this section or report such overdue support to a consumer credit agency.

(P.A. 85-548, S. 7; P.A. 86-359, S. 38, 44; P.A. 88-257, S. 1, 2; P.A. 90-206; 90-213, S. 40, 56; P.A. 91-139; P.A. 93-262, S. 1, 87; 93-329, S. 1; June 18 Sp. Sess. P.A. 97-7, S. 29, 38; P.A. 01-91, S. 23; 01-207, S. 9, 10, 12; P.A. 03-109, S. 1; P.A. 04-16, S. 16; P.A. 06-149, S. 25; P.A. 11-219, S. 17.)

History: P.A. 86-359 amended Subsec. (a) to add reference to family support magistrates' orders and to refer to the child support enforcement “bureau” rather than “unit”; P.A. 88-257 inserted new Subsec. (c) re withholding of order upon treasurer for payment due from winnings pursuant to chapter 226 as result of amount due for child support and amended relettered Subsec. (d) to include regulations re notice in cases where commissioner intends to claim offset against money payable by state; P.A. 90-206 amended Subsec. (b) by requiring that on and after November 1, 1990, and annually thereafter, department of human resources compile a list of obligors who owe overdue support of $1,000 or more and report such list to participating consumer reporting agencies, that notice to obligor contain telephone number and address of department and notice to contact department if error, that department provide monthly updated information re arrearages and that consumer reporting agencies notified that obligor no longer owes overdue support record information within 15 days of notification or be liable for damages incurred by obligor for failure to record such information; P.A. 90-213 changed office to which payments are to be made from the family relations office to the commissioner of administrative services or through the support enforcement division; P.A. 91-139 amended Subsec. (b) to provide that on October 1, 1991, and monthly thereafter the department is required to report on computer tape in format acceptable to the consumer reporting agency, to add “from an obligor or a consumer reporting agency” after “requests”, to increase the time within which a consumer reporting agency is required to record updated information from 15 to 30 days after receipt, to add exception to such recording requirement providing “unless the information was in a format which was unusable by the agency or contained an error which prevented the agency from matching the updated information to previously supplied data”, and to change liability of consumer reporting agency from being liable to obligor for damages incurred for failure by such agency to record that obligor no longer owes overdue support, to liability to the obligor in an amount equal to sum of actual damages and reasonable attorney's fee if agency negligently or wilfully fails to use reasonable efforts to comply with requirements of section; P.A. 93-262 authorized substitution of commissioner and department of social services for commissioner and department of human resources, effective July 1, 1993; P.A. 93-329 amended Subsec. (b) by adding “initial” before “court order”, adding “establishing a child support obligation” after “court order” and adding provision that overdue support in amount of $1,000 or more shall be reported unless court or magistrate makes specific finding that amount of overdue support shall not be reported; June 18 Sp. Sess. P.A. 97-7 amended Subsec. (a) re lien for past-due child support by deleting references to Commissioner of Administrative Services, Support Enforcement Division of the Superior Court and Child Support Enforcement Bureau of the Department of Social Services and adding references to the state, acting by and through the IV-D agency and by adding provisions re lien secured by IV-D agency pursuant to procedures in general statutes, reapplications of lien proceeds and re full faith and credit, amended Subsec. (c) by making a conforming change, added new Subsecs. (d), (e) and (f) re withholding and seizure of unemployment and workers' compensation benefits, amounts due under judgment or settlement, retirement funds or assets held by financial institution of any obligor who owes overdue support of $500 or more, notice re withholding and application of overdue support collected and redesignated former Subsec. (d) as Subsec. (g), amended Subsec. (g) to provide for fair hearing re overdue support if IV-D agency has filed lien for past due support or intends to seize, withhold assets or benefits and made technical changes, effective July 1, 1997; P.A. 01-91, effective October 1, 2001, and P.A. 01-207, effective July 1, 2001, both amended Subsec. (d) by changing “the Support Enforcement Division” to “Support Enforcement Services”; P.A. 01-207 also amended Subsec. (a) to require proceeds of the lien to be applied to the family's current and past-due support first when past-due support is owing both to a family and to the state and to make a technical change, amended Subsec. (c) to make extensive changes, substituting “Connecticut Lottery Corporation” for “Comptroller”, requiring such corporation to withhold from any lottery winnings payable under the provisions of chapter 226 or 229a the amount of such claim for support provided such corporation notifies such person that lottery winnings have been withheld as a result of amount due for support, eliminating references to the Treasurer and making technical changes for purposes of gender neutrality, and amended Subsec. (e)(1) to add “and any current support obligation”, effective July 1, 2001; P.A. 03-109 amended Subsec. (a) by deleting requirement that lien proceeds be applied to family's current and past-due support first when past-due support is owing to both a family and the state, amended Subsec. (b) by deleting provision that allowed a court or family support magistrate to make a finding that overdue support in excess of $1,000 shall not be reported and by making a technical change, amended Subsec. (c) to require Connecticut Lottery Corporation to check the name and other identifying information of any person redeeming a winning lottery ticket worth $5,000 or more against list of obligors supplied by Commissioner of Social Services and, upon confirming that such person is an obligor, withhold lottery winnings for support owed, amended Subsecs. (d) and (e) by adding “of this state, or an order of another state that has been registered in this state” and, in Subsec. (e)(1), deleting “to satisfy such overdue support and any current support obligation”, amended Subsec. (f) by replacing former provisions with provisions requiring collected support to be “distributed as required by Title IV-D of the Social Security Act”, and amended Subsec. (g) by making a technical change; P.A. 04-16 made technical changes in Subsec. (c); P.A. 06-149 amended Subsec. (a) to substitute requirement that agency provide notice and opportunity for hearing after securing lien, and that lien be released if hearing officer determines conditions for existence of lien are not satisfied, for prior requirement that agency first provide notice and hearing prior to having lien, effective June 6, 2006; P.A. 11-219 amended Subsec. (d)(1) to designate existing provisions re benefits' distribution as Subpara. (B) and add Subpara. (A) re authority to hold assets or property for obligor, including property unclaimed or presumed abandoned under part III of Ch. 32, and amended Subsecs. (d) and (e) to add references to “property” and “officer”.

Cited. 234 C. 194.

Procedures provided in Subsecs. (d) and (e) for notice and opportunity for hearing after obligor's assets withheld, rather than before, not in violation of right to procedural due process. 47 CS 492. Section applies when orders of support are to be paid to state by and through the Title IV-D agency and the obligor owes past due support of $500 or more; statute is separate and distinct from Sec. 17b-93 and any Sec. 17b-93 lien would be in addition to a lien for past due support obligations. Id., 583.

Subsec. (d):

Notification of a claimant's delinquent child support arrearages to any person having authority to distribute amounts to a support obligor under Subsec. is not limited solely to an IV-D agency; payors can acquire this information through alternative means. 106 CA 802.