2020 Connecticut General Statutes
Title 46b - Family Law
Chapter 815t - Juvenile Matters
Section 46b-129a - Examination by physician, psychiatrist or psychologist. Counsel and guardian ad litem. Testimony. Evidence.
In proceedings in the Superior Court under section 46b-129:
(1) The court may order the child, the parents, the guardian, or other persons accused by a competent witness of abusing the child, to be examined by one or more competent physicians, psychiatrists or psychologists appointed by the court;
(2) (A) A child shall be represented by counsel knowledgeable about representing such children who shall be assigned to represent the child by the office of Chief Public Defender, or appointed by the court if there is an immediate need for the appointment of counsel during a court proceeding. If the child's parent or guardian has been accused by a competent witness of abusing the child, or of causing the child to be neglected or uncared for, upon the assignment or appointment of counsel, such counsel shall be granted immediate access to (i) records relating to the child, including, but not limited to, Department of Social Services records and medical, mental health and substance abuse treatment, law enforcement and educational records, without the necessity of securing further releases, and (ii) the child, for the purpose of consulting with the child privately. The court shall give the parties prior notice of such assignment or appointment. Counsel for the child shall act solely as attorney for the child.
(B) If a child requiring assignment of counsel in a proceeding under section 46b-129 is represented by an attorney for a minor child in an ongoing probate or family matter proceeding, the court may appoint the attorney to represent the child in the proceeding under section 46b-129, provided (i) such counsel is knowledgeable about representing such children, and (ii) the court notifies the office of Chief Public Defender of the appointment. Any child who is subject to an ongoing probate or family matters proceeding who has been appointed a guardian ad litem in such proceeding shall be assigned a separate guardian ad litem in a proceeding under section 46b-129 if it is deemed necessary pursuant to subparagraph (D) of this subdivision.
(C) The primary role of any counsel for the child shall be to advocate for the child in accordance with the Rules of Professional Conduct, except that if the child is incapable of expressing the child's wishes to the child's counsel because of age or other incapacity, the counsel for the child shall advocate for the best interests of the child.
(D) If the court, based on evidence before it, or counsel for the child, determines that the child cannot adequately act in his or her own best interests and the child's wishes, as determined by counsel, if followed, could lead to substantial physical, financial or other harm to the child unless protective action is taken, counsel may request and the court may order that a separate guardian ad litem be assigned for the child, in which case the court shall either appoint a guardian ad litem to serve on a voluntary basis or notify the office of Chief Public Defender who shall assign a separate guardian ad litem for the child. The guardian ad litem shall perform an independent investigation of the case and may present at any hearing information pertinent to the court's determination of the best interests of the child. The guardian ad litem shall be subject to cross-examination upon the request of opposing counsel. The guardian ad litem is not required to be an attorney-at-law but shall be knowledgeable about the needs and protection of children and relevant court procedures. If a separate guardian ad litem is assigned, the person previously serving as counsel for the child shall continue to serve as counsel for the child and a different person shall be assigned as guardian ad litem, unless the court for good cause also determines that a different person should serve as counsel for the child, in which case the court shall notify the office of Chief Public Defender who shall assign a different person as counsel for the child. No person who has served as both counsel and guardian ad litem for a child shall thereafter serve solely as the child's guardian ad litem.
(E) The counsel and guardian ad litem's fees, if any, shall be paid by the office of Chief Public Defender unless the parents or guardian, or the estate of the child, are able to pay, in which case the court shall assess the rate the parent or guardian is able to pay and the office of Chief Public Defender may seek reimbursement for the costs of representation from the parents, guardian or estate of the child;
(3) The privilege against the disclosure of communications between husband and wife shall be inapplicable and either may testify as to any relevant matter; and
(4) Evidence that the child has been abused or has sustained a nonaccidental injury shall constitute prima facie evidence that shall be sufficient to support an adjudication that such child is uncared for or neglected.
(P.A. 96-246, S. 13; P.A. 01-148, S. 1; P.A. 11-51, S. 17; June 12 Sp. Sess. P.A. 12-1, S. 270; P.A. 17-119, S. 1.)
History: P.A. 01-148 amended Subdiv. (2) re guardian ad litem, including provisions re primary role, when court appoints another guardian ad litem and guardian ad litem not required to be attorney; P.A. 11-51 amended Subdiv. (2) to insert Subpara. designators, to add provisions re assignment of counsel by office of Chief Public Defender in Subpara. (A), to add Subpara. (B) re appointment of attorney for child in an ongoing probate or family matter proceeding, to delete provisions re counsel who also serves as guardian ad litem and re conflict between child's wishes and position of counsel in Subpara. (C), to add provisions re assignment, investigation by and cross-examination of guardian ad litem and knowledge of relevant court procedures in Subpara. (D), to add provisions re payment of counsel and guardian ad litem's fees by office of Chief Public Defender, unless parents or guardian or estate of child are able to pay, in Subpara. (E), and to make technical changes, effective July 1, 2011; June 12 Sp. Sess. P.A. 12-1 amended Subdiv. (2)(C) to add exception re counsel to advocate for best interests of child if child is incapable of expressing child's wishes to counsel, effective July 1, 2012; P.A. 17-119 amended Subdiv. (2)(A) by adding provision re counsel access to records and child.
In protection of a child who is the subject of a petition under section, the court, in the first instance, must appoint a person to serve as guardian ad litem and counsel for the child, who is to be charged with protecting the child's best interest as well as child's legal rights in the process. 76 CA 693. Section does not impose upon court a constitutional obligation to recognize existence of conflict of interest between a child's wishes or position and that which child's counsel believes is in child's best interest and to act accordingly; counsel, rather than court, has responsibility for requesting appointment of guardian ad litem. 90 CA 565. Limitation under section on a person serving as both counsel and guardian ad litem for a child is limited to juvenile matters and does not apply to marital dissolution matters. 149 CA 642.
