2011 Connecticut Code
Title 52 Civil Actions
Chapter 903a Prejudgment Remedies
Sec. 52-278c. Documents required. Forms. Scheduling a hearing. Service on defendant. Notice and claim form. Request for hearing by defendant.

      Sec. 52-278c. Documents required. Forms. Scheduling a hearing. Service on defendant. Notice and claim form. Request for hearing by defendant. (a) Except as provided in sections 52-278e and 52-278f, any person desiring to secure a prejudgment remedy shall attach his proposed unsigned writ, summons and complaint to the following documents:

      (1) An application, directed to the Superior Court to which the action is made returnable, for the prejudgment remedy requested;

      (2) An affidavit sworn to by the plaintiff or any competent affiant setting forth a statement of facts sufficient to show that there is probable cause that a judgment in the amount of the prejudgment remedy sought, or in an amount greater than the amount of the prejudgment remedy sought, taking into account any known defenses, counterclaims or set-offs, will be rendered in the matter in favor of the plaintiff;

      (3) A form of order that a hearing be held before the court or a judge thereof to determine whether or not the prejudgment remedy requested should be granted and that notice of such hearing complying with subsection (e) of this section be given to the defendant;

      (4) A form of summons directed to a proper officer commanding him to serve upon the defendant at least four days prior to the date of the hearing, pursuant to the law pertaining to the manner of service of civil process, the application, a true and attested copy of the writ, summons and complaint, such affidavit and the order and notice of hearing;

      (b) The application, order and summons shall be substantially in the form following:

APPLICATION FOR PREJUDGMENT REMEDY

To the Superior Court for the judicial district of ....

      The undersigned represents:

      1. That .... is about to commence an action against .... of .... (give name and address of defendant) pursuant to the attached proposed unsigned Writ, Summons, Complaint and Affidavit.

      2. That there is probable cause that a judgment in the amount of the prejudgment remedy sought, or in an amount greater than the amount of the prejudgment remedy sought, taking into account any known defenses, counterclaims or set-offs, will be rendered in the matter in favor of the applicant and that to secure the judgment the applicant seeks an order from this court directing that the following prejudgment remedy be granted to secure the sum of $ ....:

      a. To attach sufficient property of the defendant to secure such sum:

      b. To garnishee ...., as he is the agent, trustee, debtor of the defendant and has concealed in his possession property of the defendant and is indebted to him.

      c. (Other Type of Prejudgment Remedy Requested.)

Name of Applicant
By ....
His Attorney

ORDER

      The above application having been presented to the court, it is hereby ordered, that a hearing be held thereon on .... at .... a.m. and that the plaintiff give notice to the defendant in accordance with section 52-278c of the general statutes of the pendency of the application and of the time when it will be heard by causing a true and attested copy of the application, the proposed unsigned writ, summons, complaint, affidavit and of this order, together with such notice as is required under subsection (e) of section 52-278c, to be served upon the defendant by some proper officer or indifferent person on or before ...., and that due return of service be made to this court.

      Dated at Hartford this .... day of ...., 20...

Clerk of the Court

SUMMONS

To a state marshal of the county of ...., or either constable of the town of ...., in said county,

Greeting:

      By authority of the state of Connecticut, you are hereby commanded to serve a true and attested copy of the above application, unsigned proposed writ, summons, complaint, affidavit and order upon ...., of ...., by leaving the same in his hands or at his usual place of abode on or before .....

      Hereof fail not but due service and return make.

      Dated at .... this .... day of .... 20...

Commissioner of the Superior Court

      (c) The clerk upon receipt of all such documents in duplicate, if he finds them to be in proper form, shall fix a date for the hearing on the application and sign the order of hearing and notice except that if the application includes a request for a temporary restraining order, the court or a judge of the court shall act on the application for the temporary restraining order, fix a date for the hearing on the prejudgment remedy and sign the order of hearing and notice. The entry fee shall be then collected and the duplicate original document shall be placed in the court file.

      (d) The clerk shall deliver to the applicant's attorney the original of the documents for service. Service having been made, the original documents shall be returned to the court with the endorsement by the officer of his actions.

      (e) An application for a prejudgment remedy shall be accompanied by a notice and claim form, in such form as may be prescribed by the Office of the Chief Court Administrator, containing the following language: "YOU HAVE RIGHTS SPECIFIED IN THE CONNECTICUT GENERAL STATUTES, INCLUDING CHAPTER 903a, THAT YOU MAY WISH TO EXERCISE CONCERNING THIS APPLICATION FOR A PREJUDGMENT REMEDY. THESE RIGHTS INCLUDE THE RIGHT TO A HEARING: (1) TO OBJECT TO THE PROPOSED PREJUDGMENT REMEDY BECAUSE YOU HAVE A DEFENSE TO OR SET-OFF AGAINST THE ACTION OR A COUNTERCLAIM AGAINST THE PLAINTIFF OR BECAUSE THE AMOUNT SOUGHT IN THE APPLICATION FOR THE PREJUDGMENT REMEDY IS UNREASONABLY HIGH OR BECAUSE PAYMENT OF ANY JUDGMENT THAT MAY BE RENDERED AGAINST YOU IS COVERED BY ANY INSURANCE THAT MAY BE AVAILABLE TO YOU; (2) TO REQUEST THAT THE PLAINTIFF POST A BOND IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION 52-278d OF THE GENERAL STATUTES TO SECURE YOU AGAINST ANY DAMAGES THAT MAY RESULT FROM THE PREJUDGMENT REMEDY; (3) TO REQUEST THAT YOU BE ALLOWED TO SUBSTITUTE A BOND FOR THE PREJUDGMENT REMEDY SOUGHT; AND (4) TO SHOW THAT THE PROPERTY SOUGHT TO BE SUBJECTED TO THE PREJUDGMENT REMEDY IS EXEMPT FROM SUCH A PREJUDGMENT REMEDY."

      (f) The notice and claim form required under subsection (e) of this section shall contain (1) the name and address of any third person holding property of the defendant who is to be made a garnishee by process preventing the dissipation of such property and (2) a statement of the procedure set forth in subsection (g) of this section for contesting the application for a prejudgment remedy or for claiming an exemption.

      (g) A defendant may request a hearing to contest the application for a prejudgment remedy, assert any exemption or make a request concerning the posting or substitution of a bond. The hearing may be requested by any proper motion or by return to the Superior Court of a signed claim form that indicates, by the checking of the appropriate box on the claim form, whether the claim is an assertion of a defense, counterclaim, set-off or exemption, an assertion that any judgment that may be rendered is adequately secured by insurance, an assertion that the amount sought in the application for the prejudgment remedy is unreasonably high, a request that the plaintiff be required to post a bond to secure the defendant against any damages that may result from the prejudgment remedy or a request that the defendant be allowed to substitute a bond for the prejudgment remedy.

      (P.A. 73-431, S. 3, 8; P.A. 81-410, S. 6; P.A. 83-587, S. 64, 96; P.A. 87-589, S. 14, 87; P.A. 90-230, S. 67, 101; P.A. 93-431, S. 1, 10; P.A. 00-99, S. 111, 154.)

      History: P.A. 81-410 substituted "superior court for the judicial district of" for "court", "sufficient property of the defendant to secure such sum" for "the following described real property of the defendant located in the town of" and eliminated the description requirement; and substituted "possession property" for "hands the goods, effects and estate" and "actions" for "doings"; P.A. 83-587 made a technical amendment to Subsec. (d); P.A. 87-589 made technical changes, restoring text inadvertently omitted because of computer error; P.A. 90-230 corrected an omission; P.A. 93-431 amended Subsec. (a) by requiring in Subdiv. (2) that the affidavit set forth facts sufficient to show that there is probable cause that a judgment "in the amount of the prejudgment remedy sought, or in an amount greater than the amount of the prejudgment remedy sought, taking into account any known defenses, counterclaims or set-offs," will be rendered in favor of the plaintiff and by providing in Subdiv. (3) that the form of order require notice of the hearing "complying with subsection (e) of this section" be given to the defendant, amended Subsec. (b) to require that the plaintiff represent in his application that there is probable cause that a judgment "in the amount of the prejudgment remedy sought, or in an amount greater than the amount of the prejudgment remedy sought, taking into account any known defenses, counterclaims or set-offs," will be rendered in favor of the applicant and to provide that the order require the plaintiff to give notice to the defendant "in accordance with section 52-278c of the general statutes" and that "such notice as is required under subsection (e) of section 52-278c" be served upon the defendant, added Subsec. (e) requiring the application to be accompanied by a notice and claim form and specifying the language concerning the rights of the defendant contained therein, added Subsec. (f) requiring the notice and claim form to contain the name and address of any third person holding property of the defendant who is to be made a garnishee and the procedure to contest the application or claim an exemption, and added Subsec. (g) authorizing a defendant to request a hearing and specifying the manner in which a hearing may be requested, effective January 1, 1994; P.A. 00-99 replaced reference to sheriff and deputy sheriff with state marshal in Subsec. (b), effective December 1, 2000; (Revisor's note: In 2001 the references in Subsec. (b) of this section to the date "19.." were changed editorially by the Revisors to "20.." to reflect the new millennium).

      Cited. 172 C. 577. Cited. 173 C. 426. Cited. 176 C. 432. Cited. 181 C. 524. Cited. 184 C. 85. Cited. 185 C. 37. Cited. 186 C. 329. Cited. 188 C. 69. Cited. 196 C. 359. Cited. 200 C. 406. Cited. 208 C. 13. Secs. 52-278a-52-278g also cited. Id. Cited. 222 C. 361; Id., 541. Not unconstitutionally vague on its face. 224 C. 29. Cited. 226 C. 773. P.A. 93-431 cited. Id. Cited. Id., 812.

      Cited. 1 CA 188. Cited. 4 CA 510. Cited. 14 CA 579. Secs. 52-278a-52-278g also cited. Id. Cited. 21 CA 661. Cited. 25 CA 28. Cited. 27 CA 621. Cited. 28 CA 809. Cited. 32 CA 118. Cited. 33 CA 223. Cited. 34 CA 303; Id., 801. Cited. 39 CA 149; Id., 183. Cited. 45 CA 324. Cited. 46 CA 399.

      Cited. 33 CS 693. Cited. 38 CS 98.

      Subsec. (a) (formerly (A)):

      Subdiv. (2) (formerly (b)) cited. 193 C. 174. Subdiv. (2) cited. 203 C. 475; 213 C. 612. Plaintiff cannot base application for prejudgment remedy on action to enforce a foreign judgment until the foreign judgment is obtained. Action referred to in Subdiv. (1) must be an action that plainitff is about to bring in Connecticut upon which a Connecticut court will render judgment. Prejudgment remedy statutes do not provide authorization for issuance of prejudgment remedy to secure an action brought to enforce a potential foreign judgment. 268 C. 264.

      Subdiv. (2) cited. 3 CA 404; 5 CA 90; 6 CA 180; 11 CA 420.

      Subsec. (b) (formerly (B)):

      Cited. 178 C. 393.