2007 California Civil Code Chapter 1. Hiring In General

CA Codes (civ:1925-1936.1)

1925.  Hiring is a contract by which one gives to another the
temporary possession and use of property, other than money, for
reward, and the latter agrees to return the same to the former at a
future time.


1926.  The products of a thing hired, during the hiring, belong to
the hirer.


1927.  An agreement to let upon hire binds the letter to secure to
the hirer the quiet possession of the thing hired during the term of
the hiring, against all persons lawfully claiming the same.



1928.  The hirer of a thing must use ordinary care for its
preservation in safety and in good condition.



1929.  The hirer of a thing must repair all deteriorations or
injuries thereto occasioned by his want of ordinary care.



1930.  When a thing is let for a particular purpose the hirer must
not use it for any other purpose; and if he does, he is liable to the
letter for all damages resulting from such use, or the letter may
treat the contract as thereby rescinded.



1931.  The letter of a thing may terminate the hiring and reclaim
the thing before the end of the term agreed upon:
   1. When the hirer uses or permits a use of the thing hired in a
manner contrary to the agreement of the parties; or,
   2. When the hirer does not, within a reasonable time after
request, make such repairs as he is bound to make.



1932.  The hirer of a thing may terminate the hiring before the end
of the term agreed upon:
   1. When the letter does not, within a reasonable time after
request, fulfill his obligations, if any, as to placing and securing
the hirer in the quiet possession of the thing hired, or putting it
into good condition, or repairing; or,
   2. When the greater part of the thing hired, or that part which
was and which the letter had at the time of the hiring reason to
believe was the material inducement to the hirer to enter into the
contract, perishes from any other cause than the want of ordinary
care of the hirer.


1933.  The hiring of a thing terminates:
   1. At the end of the term agreed upon;
   2. By the mutual consent of the parties;
   3. By the hirer acquiring a title to the thing hired superior to
that of the letter; or,
   4. By the destruction of the thing hired.



1934.  If the hiring of a thing is terminable at the pleasure of one
of the parties, it is terminated by notice to the other of his death
or incapacity to contract.  In other cases it is not terminated
thereby.


1934.5.  Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 1934, the hiring
of accommodations from month to month in a nursing or convalescent
home shall be terminated by the death of the patient by or for whom
the hiring was made.  The hirer or his heir, legatee, or personal
representative shall not be liable for any rent due for such
accommodations under the hiring agreement beyond that rent due for
the date on which such patient died.  No advance payment of rent made
by the hirer shall be subject to the claim of, or retention by, the
nursing or convalescent home and shall be returned to the heir,
legatee, or personal representative no later than two weeks after
such patient has died.  Any provision in the hiring agreement by
which the hirer agrees to modify or waive any of his rights under
this section shall be void as contrary to public policy.
   The provisions of this section shall be applicable to all hiring
agreements executed on or after January 1, 1979.



1935.  When the hiring of a thing is terminated before the time
originally agreed upon, the hirer must pay the due proportion of the
hire for such use as he has actually made of the thing, unless such
use is merely nominal, and of no benefit to him.




1936.  (a) For the purpose of this section, the following
definitions shall apply:
   (1) "Rental company" means any person or entity in the business of
renting passenger vehicles to the public.
   (2) "Renter" means any person in any manner obligated under a
contract for the lease or hire of a passenger vehicle from a rental
company for a period of less than 30 days.
   (3) "Authorized driver" means (A) the renter, (B) the renter's
spouse if that person is a licensed driver and satisfies the rental
company's minimum age requirement, (C) the renter's employer or
coworker if they are engaged in business activity with the renter,
are licensed drivers, and satisfy the rental company's minimum age
requirement, and (D) any person expressly listed by the rental
company on the renter's contract as an authorized driver.
   (4) (A) "Customer facility charge" means a fee required by an
airport to be collected by a rental company from a renter for any of
the following purposes:
   (i) The fee shall be used to finance, design, and construct
consolidated airport car rental facilities.
   (ii) The fee shall be used to finance, design, construct, and
provide common use transportation systems that move passengers
between airport terminals and those consolidated car rental
facilities.
   (B) The aggregate amount to be collected may not exceed the
reasonable costs, as determined by an independent audit paid for by
the airport, to finance, design, and construct those facilities.
Copies of the audit shall be provided to the Assembly and Senate
Committees on Judiciary, the Assembly Committee on Transportation,
and the Senate Committee on Transportation and Housing. In the case
of a transportation system, the audit shall also consider the
reasonable costs of providing the transit system or busing network.
At the Burbank Airport, and at all other airports, the fees
designated as a Customer Facility Charge may not be used to pay for
terminal expansion, gate expansion, runway expansion, changes in
hours of operation, or changes in the number of flights arriving or
departing from the airport.
   (C) The authorization given pursuant to this section for an
airport to impose a customer facility charge shall become inoperative
when the bonds used for financing are paid.
   (5) "Damage waiver" means a rental company's agreement not to hold
a renter liable for all or any portion of any damage or loss related
to the rented vehicle, any loss of use of the rented vehicle, or any
storage, impound, towing, or administrative charges.
   (6) "Electronic surveillance technology" means a technological
method or system used to observe, monitor, or collect information,
including telematics, Global Positioning System (GPS), wireless
technology, or location-based technologies. "Electronic surveillance
technology" does not include event data recorders (EDR), sensing and
diagnostic modules (SDM), or other systems that are used either:
   (A) For the purpose of identifying, diagnosing, or monitoring
functions related to the potential need to repair, service, or
perform maintenance on the rental vehicle.
   (B) As part of the vehicle's airbag sensing and diagnostic system
in order to capture safety systems-related data for retrieval after a
crash has occurred or in the event that the collision sensors are
activated to prepare the decisionmaking computer to make the
determination to deploy or not to deploy the airbag.
   (7) "Estimated time for replacement" means the number of hours of
labor, or fraction thereof, needed to replace damaged vehicle parts
as set forth in collision damage estimating guides generally used in
the vehicle repair business and commonly known as "crash books."
   (8) "Estimated time for repair" means a good faith estimate of the
reasonable number of hours of labor, or fraction thereof, needed to
repair damaged vehicle parts.
   (9) "Membership program" means a service offered by a rental
company that permits customers to bypass the rental counter and go
directly to the car previously reserved. A membership program shall
meet all of the following requirements:
   (A) The renter initiates enrollment by completing an application
on which the renter can specify a preference for type of vehicle and
acceptance or declination of optional services.
   (B) The rental company fully discloses, prior to the enrollee's
first rental as a participant in the program, all terms and
conditions of the rental agreement as well as all required
disclosures.
   (C) The renter may terminate enrollment at any time.
   (D) The rental company fully explains to the renter that
designated preferences, as well as acceptance or declination of
optional services, may be changed by the renter at any time for the
next and future rentals.
   (E) An employee designated to receive the form specified in
subparagraph (C) of paragraph (1) of subdivision (r) is present at
the lot where the renter takes possession of the car, to receive any
change in the rental agreement from the renter.
   (10) "Passenger vehicle" means a passenger vehicle as defined in
Section 465 of the Vehicle Code.
   (b) Except as limited by subdivision (c), a rental company and a
renter may agree that the renter will be responsible for no more than
all of the following:
   (1) Physical or mechanical damage to the rented vehicle up to its
fair market value, as determined in the customary market for the sale
of that vehicle, resulting from collision regardless of the cause of
the damage.
   (2) Loss due to theft of the rented vehicle up to its fair market
value, as determined in the customary market for the sale of that
vehicle, provided that the rental company establishes by clear and
convincing evidence that the renter or the authorized driver failed
to exercise ordinary care while in possession of the vehicle. In
addition, the renter shall be presumed to have no liability for any
loss due to theft if (A) an authorized driver has possession of the
ignition key furnished by the rental company or an authorized driver
establishes that the ignition key furnished by the rental company was
not in the vehicle at the time of the theft, and (B) an authorized
driver files an official report of the theft with the police or other
law enforcement agency within 24 hours of learning of the theft and
reasonably cooperates with the rental company and the police or other
law enforcement agency in providing information concerning the
theft. The presumption set forth in this paragraph is a presumption
affecting the burden of proof which the rental company may rebut by
establishing that an authorized driver committed, or aided and
abetted the commission of, the theft.
   (3) Physical damage to the rented vehicle up to its fair market
value, as determined in the customary market for the sale of that
vehicle, resulting from vandalism occurring after, or in connection
with, the theft of the rented vehicle. However, the renter shall have
no liability for any damage due to vandalism if the renter would
have no liability for theft pursuant to paragraph (2).
   (4) Physical damage to the rented vehicle up to a total of five
hundred dollars (0) resulting from vandalism unrelated to the
theft of the rented vehicle.
   (5) Actual charges for towing, storage, and impound fees paid by
the rental company if the renter is liable for damage or loss.
   (6) An administrative charge, which shall include the cost of
appraisal and all other costs and expenses incident to the damage,
loss, repair, or replacement of the rented vehicle.
   (c) The total amount of the renter's liability to the rental
company resulting from damage to the rented vehicle may not exceed
the sum of the following:
   (1) The estimated cost of parts which the rental company would
have to pay to replace damaged vehicle parts. All discounts and price
reductions or adjustments that are or will be received by the rental
company shall be subtracted from the estimate to the extent not
already incorporated in the estimate or otherwise promptly credited
or refunded to the renter.
   (2) The estimated cost of labor to replace damaged vehicle parts
which may not exceed the product of (A) the rate for labor usually
paid by the rental company to replace vehicle parts of the type that
were damaged and (B) the estimated time for replacement. All
discounts and price reductions or adjustments that are or will be
received by the rental company shall be subtracted from the estimate
to the extent not already incorporated in the estimate or otherwise
promptly credited or refunded to the renter.
   (3) (A) The estimated cost of labor to repair damaged vehicle
parts, which may not exceed the lesser of the following:
   (i) The product of the rate for labor usually paid by the rental
company to repair vehicle parts of the type that were damaged and the
estimated time for repair.
   (ii) The sum of the estimated labor and parts costs determined
under paragraphs (1) and (2) to replace the same vehicle parts.
   (B) All discounts and price reductions or adjustments that are or
will be received by the rental company shall be subtracted from the
estimate to the extent not already incorporated in the estimate or
otherwise promptly credited or refunded to the renter.
   (4) For the purpose of converting the estimated time for repair
into the same units of time in which the rental rate is expressed, a
day shall be deemed to consist of eight hours.
   (5) Actual charges for towing, storage, and impound fees paid by
the rental company.
   (6) The administrative charge described in paragraph (6) of
subdivision (b) may not exceed (A) fifty dollars () if the total
estimated cost for parts and labor is more than one hundred dollars
(0) up to and including five hundred dollars (0), (B) one
hundred dollars (0) if the total estimated cost for parts and
labor exceeds five hundred dollars (0) up to and including one
thousand five hundred dollars (,500), and (C) one hundred fifty
dollars (0) if the total estimated cost for parts and labor
exceeds one thousand five hundred dollars (,500). No administrative
charge may be imposed if the total estimated cost of parts and labor
is one hundred dollars (0) or less.
   (d) (1) The total amount of an authorized driver's liability to
the rental company, if any, for damage occurring during the
authorized driver's operation of the rented vehicle may not exceed
the amount of the renter's liability under subdivision (c).
   (2) A rental company may not recover from the renter or other
authorized driver an amount exceeding the renter's liability under
subdivision (c).
   (3) A claim against a renter resulting from damage or loss,
excluding loss of use, to a rental vehicle shall be reasonably and
rationally related to the actual loss incurred. A rental company
shall mitigate damages where possible and may not assert or collect
any claim for physical damage which exceeds the actual costs of the
repairs performed or the estimated cost of repairs, if the rental
company chooses not to repair the vehicle, including all discounts
and price reductions.  However, if the vehicle is a total loss
vehicle, the claim may not exceed the total loss vehicle value
established in accordance with procedures that are customarily used
by insurance companies when paying claims on total loss vehicles,
less the proceeds from salvaging the vehicle, if those proceeds are
retained by the rental company.
   (4) If insurance coverage exists under the renter's applicable
personal or business insurance policy and the coverage is confirmed
during regular business hours, the renter may require that the rental
company submit any claims to the renter's applicable personal or
business insurance carrier. The rental company may not make any
written or oral representations that it will not present claims or
negotiate with the renter's insurance carrier. For purposes of this
paragraph, confirmation of coverage includes telephone confirmation
from insurance company representatives during regular business hours.
Upon request of the renter and after confirmation of coverage, the
amount of claim shall be resolved between the insurance carrier and
the rental company. The renter shall remain responsible for payment
to the rental car company for any loss sustained that the renter's
applicable personal or business insurance policy does not cover.
   (5) A rental company may not recover from the renter or other
authorized driver for any item described in subdivision (b) to the
extent the rental company obtains recovery from any other person.
   (6) This section applies only to the maximum liability of a renter
or other authorized driver to the rental company resulting from
damage to the rented vehicle and not to the liability of any other
person.
   (e) (1) Except as provided in subdivision (f), every damage waiver
shall provide or, if not expressly stated in writing, shall be
deemed to provide that the renter has no liability for any damage,
loss, loss of use, or any cost or expense incident thereto.
   (2) Except as provided in subdivision (f), every limitation,
exception, or exclusion to any damage waiver is void and
unenforceable.
   (f) A rental company may provide in the rental contract that a
damage waiver does not apply under any of the following
circumstances:
   (1) Damage or loss results from an authorized driver's (A)
intentional, willful, wanton, or reckless conduct, (B) operation of
the vehicle under the influence of drugs or alcohol in violation of
Section 23152 of the Vehicle Code, (C) towing or pushing anything, or
(D) operation of the vehicle on an unpaved road if the damage or
loss is a direct result of the road or driving conditions.
   (2) Damage or loss occurs while the vehicle is (A) used for
commercial hire, (B) used in connection with conduct that could be
properly charged as a felony, (C) involved in a speed test or contest
or in driver training activity, (D) operated by a person other than
an authorized driver, or (E) operated outside of the United States.
   (3) Any authorized driver who has (A) provided fraudulent
information to the rental company, or (B) provided false information
and the rental company would not have rented the vehicle if it had
instead received true information.
   (g) (1) A rental company that offers or provides a damage waiver
for any consideration in addition to the rental rate shall clearly
and conspicuously disclose the following information in the rental
contract or holder in which the contract is placed and, also, in
signs posted at the place, such as the counter, where the renter
signs the rental contract, and, for renters who are enrolled in the
rental company's membership program, in a sign which shall be posted
in a location clearly visible to those renters as they enter the
location where their reserved rental cars are parked or near the exit
of the bus or other conveyance that transports the enrollee to a
reserved car: (A) the nature of the renter's liability, e.g.,
liability for all collision damage regardless of cause, (B) the
extent of the renter's liability, e.g., liability for damage or loss
up to a specified amount, (C) the renter's personal insurance policy
or the credit card used to pay for the car rental transaction may
provide coverage for all or a portion of the renter's potential
liability, (D) the renter should consult with his or her insurer to
determine the scope of insurance coverage, including the amount of
the deductible, if any, for which the renter is obligated, (E) the
renter may purchase an optional damage waiver to cover all liability,
subject to whatever exceptions the rental company expressly lists
that are permitted under subdivision (f), and (F) the range of
charges for the damage waiver.
   (2) In addition to the requirements of paragraph (1), a rental
company that offers or provides a damage waiver shall, orally
disclose to all renters, except those who are participants in the
rental company's membership program, that the damage waiver may be
duplicative of coverage that the customer maintains under his or her
own policy of motor vehicle insurance. The renter's receipt of the
oral disclosure shall be demonstrated through the renter
acknowledging receipt of the oral disclosure near that part of the
contract where the renter indicates, by the renter's own initials,
his or her acceptance or declination of the damage waiver. Adjacent
to that same part, the contract shall also state that the damage
waiver is optional. Further, the contract for these renters shall
include a clear and conspicuous written disclosure that the damage
waiver may be duplicative of coverage that the customer maintains
under his or her own policy of motor vehicle insurance.
   (3) The following is an example, for purposes of illustration and
not limitation, of a notice fulfilling the requirements of paragraph
(1) for a rental company that imposes liability on the renter for
collision damage to the full value of the vehicle:

      NOTICE ABOUT YOUR FINANCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND OPTIONAL DAMAGE
WAIVER

   You are responsible for all collision damage to the rented vehicle
even if someone else caused it or the cause is unknown. You are
responsible for the cost of repair up to the value of the vehicle,
and towing, storage, and impound fees.
   Your own insurance, or the issuer of the credit card you use to
pay for the car rental transaction, may cover all or part of your
financial responsibility for the rented vehicle. You should check
with your insurance company, or credit card issuer, to find out about
your coverage and the amount of the deductible, if any, for which
you may be liable.
   Further, if you use a credit card that provides coverage for your
potential liability, you should check with the issuer to determine if
you must first exhaust the coverage limits of your own insurance
before the credit card coverage applies.
   The rental company will not hold you responsible if you buy a
damage waiver. But a damage waiver will not protect you if (list
exceptions).

   (A) When the above notice is printed in the rental contract or
holder in which the contract is placed, the following shall be
printed immediately following the notice:
   "The cost of an optional damage waiver is $____ for every (day or
week)."

   (B) When the above notice appears on a sign, the following shall
appear immediately adjacent to the notice:
   "The cost of an optional damage waiver is $____ to $____ for every
(day or week), depending upon the vehicle rented."

   (h) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, a rental company
may sell a damage waiver subject to the following rate limitations
for each full or partial 24-hour rental day for the damage waiver.
   (1) For rental vehicles that the rental company designates as an
"economy car," "subcompact car," "compact car," or any other term
having similar meaning when offered for rental, or any other vehicle
having a manufacturer's suggested retail price of nineteen thousand
dollars (,000) or less, the rate may not exceed nine dollars ().

   (2) For rental vehicles that have a manufacturer's suggested
retail price from nineteen thousand one dollars (,001) to
thirty-four thousand nine hundred ninety-nine dollars (,999),
inclusive, and that are also either vehicles of next year's model, or
not older than the previous year's model, the rate may not exceed
fifteen dollars (). For those rental vehicles older than the
previous year's model year, the rate may not exceed nine dollars
().
   (i) On or after January 1, 2003, the manufacturer's suggested
retail prices described in subdivision (h) shall be adjusted annually
to reflect changes from the previous year in the Consumer Price
Index. For the purposes of this section, "Consumer Price Index" means
the United States Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers, for
all items.
   (j) A rental company that disseminates in this state an
advertisement containing a rental rate shall include in that
advertisement a clearly readable statement of the charge for a damage
waiver and a statement that a damage waiver is optional.
   (k) (1) A rental company may not require the purchase of a damage
waiver, optional insurance, or any other optional good or service.
   (2) A rental company may not engage in any unfair, deceptive, or
coercive conduct to induce a renter to purchase the damage waiver,
optional insurance, or any other optional good or service, including
conduct such as, but not limited to, refusing to honor the renter's
reservation, limiting the availability of vehicles, requiring a
deposit, or debiting or blocking the renter's credit card account for
a sum equivalent to a deposit if the renter declines to purchase the
damage waiver, optional insurance, or any other optional good or
service.
   (l) (1) In the absence of express permission granted by the renter
subsequent to damage to, or loss of, the vehicle, a rental company
may not seek to recover any portion of any claim arising out of
damage to, or loss of, the rented vehicle by processing a credit card
charge or causing any debit or block to be placed on the renter's
credit card account.
   (2) A rental company may not engage in any unfair, deceptive, or
coercive tactics in attempting to recover or in recovering on any
claim arising out of damage to, or loss of, the rented vehicle.
   (m) (1) A customer facility charge may be collected by a rental
company under the following circumstances:
   (A) Collection of the fee by the rental company is required by an
airport operated by a city, a county, a city and county, a joint
powers authority, or a special district.
   (B) The fee is calculated on a per-contract basis.
   (C) The fee is a user fee, not a tax imposed upon real property or
an incidence of property ownership under Article XIIID of the
California Constitution.
   (D) Except as otherwise provided in subparagraph (E), the fee
shall be ten dollars () per contract.
   (E) If the fee imposed by the airport is for both a consolidated
rental car facility and a common-use transportation system, the fee
collected from customers of on-airport rental car companies shall be
ten dollars (), but the fee imposed on customers of off-airport
rental car companies who are transported on the common-use
transportation system is proportionate to the costs of the common-use
transportation system only.  The fee is uniformly applied to each
class of on-airport or off-airport customers, provided the airport
requires off-airport customers to use the common-use transportation
system.
   (F) Revenues collected from the fee do not exceed the reasonable
costs of financing, designing, constructing, or operating the
facility or services and may not be used for any other purpose.
   (G) The fee is separately identified on the rental agreement.
   (H) This paragraph does not apply to airports whose fees are
governed by Section 50474.1 of the Government Code or Section 57.5 of
the San Diego Unified Port District Act.
   (2) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, including, but not
limited to, Part 1 (commencing with Section 6001) to Part 1.7
(commencing with Section 7280), inclusive, of Division 2 of the
Revenue and Taxation Code, the fees collected pursuant to this
section, or any other law whereby a local agency operating an airport
requires a rental car company to collect a facility financing fee
from its customers, are not subject to sales, use, or transaction
taxes.
   (n) (1) A rental company shall only advertise, quote, and charge a
rental rate that includes the entire amount except taxes, a customer
facility charge, if any, and a mileage charge, if any, which a
renter must pay to hire or lease the vehicle for the period of time
to which the rental rate applies. A rental company may not charge in
addition to the rental rate, taxes, a customer facility charge, if
any, and a mileage charge, if any, any fee which must be paid by the
renter as a condition of hiring or leasing the vehicle, such as, but
not limited to, required fuel or airport surcharges other than
customer facility charges, nor any fee for transporting the renter to
the location where the rented vehicle will be delivered to the
renter.
   (2) In addition to the rental rate, taxes, customer facility
charges, if any, and mileage charges, if any, a rental company may
charge for an item or service provided in connection with a
particular rental transaction if the renter could have avoided
incurring the charge by choosing not to obtain or utilize the
optional item or service. Items and services for which the rental
company may impose an additional charge, include, but are not limited
to, optional insurance and accessories requested by the renter,
service charges incident to the renter's optional return of the
vehicle to a location other than the location where the vehicle was
hired or leased, and charges for refueling the vehicle at the
conclusion of the rental transaction in the event the renter did not
return the vehicle with as much fuel as was in the fuel tank at the
beginning of the rental. A rental company also may impose an
additional charge based on reasonable age criteria established by the
rental company.
   (3) A rental company may not charge any fee for authorized drivers
in addition to the rental charge for an individual renter.
   (4) If a rental company states a rental rate in print
advertisement or in a telephonic, in-person, or computer-transmitted
quotation, the rental company shall clearly disclose in that
advertisement or quotation the terms of any mileage conditions
relating to the advertised or quoted rental rate, including, but not
limited to, to the extent applicable, the amount of mileage and gas
charges, the number of miles for which no charges will be imposed,
and a description of geographic driving limitations within the United
States and Canada.
   (5) (A) When a rental rate is stated in an advertisement,
quotation, or reservation in connection with a car rental at an
airport where a customer facility charge is imposed, the rental
company shall clearly disclose the existence and amount of the
customer facility charge.  For the purposes of this subparagraph,
advertisements include radio, television, other electronic media, and
print advertisements. For purposes of this subparagraph, quotations
and reservations include those that are telephonic, in-person, and
computer-transmitted. If the rate advertisement is intended to
include transactions at more than one airport imposing a customer
facility charge, a range of fees may be stated in the advertisement.
However, all rate advertisements that include car rentals at airport
destinations shall clearly and conspicuously include a toll-free
telephone number whereby

                 a customer can be told the specific amount of the
customer facility charge to which the customer will be obligated.
   (B) If any person or entity other than a rental car company,
including a passenger carrier or a seller of travel services,
advertises or quotes a rate for a car rental at an airport where a
customer facility charge is imposed, that person or entity shall,
provided they are provided with information about the existence and
amount of the fee, to the extent not specifically prohibited by
federal law, clearly disclose the existence and amount of the fee in
any telephonic, in-person, or computer-transmitted quotation at the
time of making an initial quotation of a rental rate and at the time
of making a reservation of a rental car.  If a rental car company
provides the person or entity with rate and customer facility charge
information, the rental car company is not responsible for the
failure of that person or entity to comply with this subparagraph
when quoting or confirming a rate to a third person or entity.
   (6) If a rental company delivers a vehicle to a renter at a
location other than the location where the rental company normally
carries on its business, the rental company may not charge the renter
any amount for the rental for the period before the delivery of the
vehicle. If a rental company picks up a rented vehicle from a renter
at a location other than the location where the rental company
normally carries on its business, the rental company may not charge
the renter any amount for the rental for the period after the renter
notifies the rental company to pick up the vehicle.
   (o) A rental company may not use, access, or obtain any
information relating to the renter's use of the rental vehicle that
was obtained using electronic surveillance technology, except in the
following circumstances:
   (1) (A) When the equipment is used by the rental company only for
the purpose of locating a stolen, abandoned, or missing rental
vehicle after one of the following:
   (i) The renter or law enforcement has informed the rental company
that the vehicle has been stolen, abandoned, or missing.
   (ii) The rental vehicle has not been returned following one week
after the contracted return date, or by one week following the end of
an extension of that return date.
   (iii) The rental company discovers the rental vehicle has been
stolen or abandoned, and, if stolen, it shall report the vehicle
stolen to law enforcement by filing a stolen vehicle report, unless
law enforcement has already informed the rental company that the
vehicle has been stolen, abandoned, or is missing.
   (B) If electronic surveillance technology is activated pursuant to
subparagraph (A) of paragraph (1), a rental company shall maintain a
record, in either electronic or written form, of information
relevant to the activation of that technology. That information shall
include the rental agreement, including the return date, and the
date and time the electronic surveillance technology was activated.
The record shall also include, if relevant, a record of any written
or other communication with the renter, including communications
regarding extensions of the rental, police reports, or other written
communication with law enforcement officials. The record shall be
maintained for a period of at least 12 months from the time the
record is created and shall be made available upon the renter's
request. The rental company shall maintain and furnish any
explanatory codes necessary to read the record. A rental company
shall not be required to maintain a record if electronic surveillance
technology is activated to recover a rental vehicle that is stolen
or missing at a time other than during a rental period.
   (2) In response to a specific request from law enforcement
pursuant to a subpoena or search warrant.
   (3) Nothing in this subdivision prohibits a rental company from
equipping rental vehicles with GPS based technology that provides
navigation assistance to the occupants of the rental vehicle, if the
rental company does not use, access, or obtain any information
relating to the renter's use of the rental vehicle that was obtained
using that technology, except for the purposes of discovering or
repairing a defect in the technology and the information may then be
used only for that purpose.
   (4) Nothing in this subdivision prohibits a rental company from
equipping rental vehicles with electronic surveillance technology
that allows for the remote locking or unlocking of the vehicle at the
request of the renter, if the rental company does not use, access,
or obtain any information relating to the renter's use of the rental
vehicle that was obtained using that technology, except as necessary
to lock or unlock the vehicle.
   (5) Nothing in this subdivision prohibits a rental company from
equipping rental vehicles with electronic surveillance technology
that allows the company to provide roadside assistance, such as
towing, flat tire or fuel services, at the request of the renter, if
the rental company does not use, access or obtain any information
relating to the renter's use of the rental vehicle that was obtained
using that technology except as necessary to provide the requested
roadside assistance.
   (6) Nothing in this subdivision prohibits a rental company from
obtaining, accessing, or using information from electronic
surveillance technology for the sole purpose of determining the date
and time the vehicle is returned to the rental company, and the total
mileage driven and the vehicle fuel level of the returned vehicle.
This paragraph, however, shall apply only after the renter has
returned the vehicle to the rental company, and the information shall
only be used for the purpose described in this paragraph.
   (p) A rental company may not use electronic surveillance
technology to track a renter in order to impose fines or surcharges
relating to the renter's use of the rental vehicle.
   (q) A renter may bring an action against a rental company for the
recovery of damages and appropriate equitable relief for a violation
of this section. The prevailing party shall be entitled to recover
reasonable attorney's fees and costs.
   (r) A rental company that brings an action against a renter for
loss due to theft of the vehicle shall bring the action in the county
in which the renter resides or, if the renter is not a resident of
this state, in the jurisdiction in which the renter resides.
   (s) Any waiver of any of the provisions of this section shall be
void and unenforceable as contrary to public policy.
   (t) (1) A rental company's disclosure requirements shall be
satisfied for renters who are enrolled in the rental company's
membership program if all of the following conditions are met:
   (A) Prior to the enrollee's first rental as a participant in the
program, the renter receives, in writing, the following:
   (i) All of the disclosures required by paragraph (1) of
subdivision (g) including the terms and conditions of the rental
agreement then in effect.
   (ii) A Web site address, as well as a contact number or address,
where the enrollee can learn of any changes to the rental agreement
or to the laws of this state governing rental agreements since the
effective date of the rental company's most recent restatement of the
rental agreement and distribution of that restatement to its
members.
   (B) At the commencement of each rental period, the renter is
provided, on the rental record or the folder in which it is inserted,
with a printed notice stating that he or she had either previously
selected or declined an optional damage waiver and that the renter
has the right to change preferences.
   (C) At the commencement of each rental period, the rental company
provides, on the rearview mirror, a hanger on which a statement is
printed, in a box, in at least 12-point boldface type, notifying the
renter that the collision damage waiver offered by the rental company
may be duplicative of coverage that the customer maintains under his
or her own policy of motor vehicle insurance. If it is not feasible
to hang the statement from the rearview mirror, it shall be hung from
the steering wheel.
   The hanger shall provide the renter a box to initial if he or she
(not his or her employer) has previously accepted or declined the
collision damage waiver and that he or she now wishes to change his
or her decision to accept or decline the collision damage waiver, as
follows:

    "/_/  If I previously accepted the collision damage waiver, I now
decline it.

    /_/  If I previously declined the collision damage waiver, I now
accept it."

   The hanger shall also provide a box for the enrollee to indicate
whether this change applies to this rental transaction only or to all
future rental transactions. The hanger shall also notify the renter
that he or she may make that change, prior to leaving the lot, by
returning the form to an employee designated to receive the form who
is present at the lot where the renter takes possession of the car,
to receive any change in the rental agreement from the renter.
   (2) (A) This subdivision is not effective unless the employee
designated pursuant to subparagraph (E) of paragraph (8) of
subdivision (a) is actually present at the required location.
   (B) This subdivision does not relieve the rental company from
those disclosures that are required to be made within the text of a
contract or holder in which the contract is placed; in or on an
advertisement containing a rental rate; or in a telephonic,
in-person, or computer-transmitted quotation or reservation.
   (u) The amendments made to this section during the 2001-02 Regular
Session of the Legislature do not affect litigation pending on or
before January 1, 2003, alleging a violation of Section 22325 of the
Business and Professions Code as it read at the time the action was
commenced.


1936.01.  (a) For the purpose of this section, the following
definitions shall apply:
   (1) "Airport concession fee" means a charge collected by a rental
company from a renter that is the renter's proportionate share of the
amount paid by the rental company to the owner or operator of an
airport for the right or privilege of conducting a vehicle rental
business on the airport's premises.
   (2) "Quote" means an estimated cost of rental provided by a rental
company or a third party to a potential customer by telephone,
in-person, computer-transmission, or other means, that is based on
information provided by the potential customer and used to generate
an estimated cost of rental, including, but not limited to, any of
the following: potential dates of rental, locations, or classes of
car.
   (3) "Tourism commission assessment" means the charge collected by
a rental company from a renter that has been established by the
California Travel and Tourism Commission pursuant to Section 13995.65
of the Government Code.
   (b) Notwithstanding subdivision (n) of Section 1936, the following
provisions shall apply:
   (1) A rental company shall only advertise a rental rate that
includes the entire amount, except taxes, a customer facility charge,
if any, and a mileage charge, if any, that a renter must pay to hire
or lease the vehicle for the period of time to which the rental rate
applies.
   (2) When providing a quote, or imposing charges for a rental, the
rental company may separately state the rental rate, taxes, customer
facility charge, if any, airport concession fee, if any, tourism
commission assessment, if any, and a mileage charge, if any, that a
renter must pay to hire or lease the vehicle for the period of time
to which the rental rate applies. A rental company may not charge in
addition to the rental rate, taxes, a customer facility charge, if
any, airport concession fee, if any, tourism commission assessment,
if any, and a mileage charge, if any, any fee that must be paid by
the renter as a condition of hiring or leasing the vehicle, such as,
but not limited to, required fuel or airport surcharges other than
customer facility charges and airport concession fees.
   (3) If customer facility charges, airport concession fees, or
tourism commission assessments are imposed, the rental company shall
do each of the following:
   (A) At the time the quote is given, provide the person receiving
the quote with a good faith estimate of the rental rate, taxes,
customer facility charge, if any, airport concession fee, if any, and
tourism commission assessment, if any, as well as the total charges
for the entire rental. The total charges, if provided on an Internet
Web site, shall be displayed in a typeface at least as large as any
rental rate disclosed on that page and shall be provided on a page
that the person receiving the quote may reach by following links
through no more than two Internet Web site pages, including the page
on which the rental rate is first provided. The good faith estimate
may exclude mileage charges and charges for optional items that
cannot be determined prior to completing the reservation based upon
the information provided by the person.
   (B) At the time and place the rental commences, clearly and
conspicuously disclose in the rental contract, or that portion of the
contract that is provided to the renter, the total of the rental
rate, taxes, customer facility charge, if any, airport concession
fee, if any, and tourism commission assessment, if any, for the
entire rental, exclusive of charges that cannot be determined at the
time the rental commences. Charges imposed pursuant to this
subparagraph shall be no more than the amount of the quote provided
in a confirmed reservation, unless the person changes the terms of
the rental contract subsequent to making the reservation.
   (C) Provide each person, other than those persons within the
rental company, offering quotes to actual or prospective customers
access to information about customer facility charges, airport
concession fees, and tourism commission assessments as well as access
to information about when those charges apply. Any person providing
quotes to actual or prospective customers for the hire or lease of a
vehicle from a rental company shall provide the quotes in the manner
described in subparagraph (A).
   (4) In addition to the rental rate, taxes, customer facility
charges, if any, airport concession fees, if any, tourism commission
assessments, if any, and mileage charges, if any, a rental company
may charge for an item or service provided in connection with a
particular rental transaction if the renter could have avoided
incurring the charge by choosing not to obtain or utilize the
optional item or service. Items and services for which the rental
company may impose an additional charge, include, but are not limited
to, optional insurance and accessories requested by the renter,
service charges incident to the renter's optional return of the
vehicle to a location other than the location where the vehicle was
hired or leased, and charges for refueling the vehicle at the
conclusion of the rental transaction in the event the renter did not
return the vehicle with as much fuel as was in the fuel tank at the
beginning of the rental. A rental company also may impose an
additional charge based on reasonable age criteria established by the
rental company.
   (5) A rental company may not charge any fee for authorized drivers
in addition to the rental charge for an individual renter.
   (6) If a rental company states a rental rate in print
advertisement or in a telephonic, in-person, or computer-transmitted
quote, the rental company shall clearly disclose in that
advertisement or quote the terms of any mileage conditions relating
to the rental rate disclosed in the advertisement or quote,
including, but not limited to, to the extent applicable, the amount
of mileage and gas charges, the number of miles for which no charges
will be imposed, and a description of geographic driving limitations
within the United States and Canada.
   (7) (A) When a rental rate is stated in an advertisement, in
connection with a car rental at an airport where a customer facility
charge is imposed, the rental company shall clearly disclose the
existence and amount of the customer facility charge. For the
purposes of this subparagraph, advertisements include radio,
television, other electronic media, and print advertisements. If the
rental rate advertisement is intended to include transactions at more
than one airport imposing a customer facility charge, a range of
charges may be stated in the advertisement. However, all rental rate
advertisements that include car rentals at airport destinations shall
clearly and conspicuously include a toll-free telephone number
whereby a customer can be told the specific amount of the customer
facility charge to which the customer will be obligated.
   (B) If any person or entity other than a rental car company,
including a passenger carrier or a seller of travel services,
advertises a rental rate for a car rental at an airport where a
customer facility charge is imposed, that person or entity shall,
provided they are provided with information about the existence and
amount of the charge, to the extent not specifically prohibited by
federal law, clearly disclose the existence and amount of the charge.
If a rental car company provides the person or entity with rental
rate and customer facility charge information, the rental car company
is not responsible for the failure of that person or entity to
comply with this subparagraph.
   (8) If a rental company delivers a vehicle to a renter at a
location other than the location where the rental company normally
carries on its business, the rental company may not charge the renter
any amount for the rental for the period before the delivery of the
vehicle. If a rental company picks up a rented vehicle from a renter
at a location other than the location where the rental company
normally carries on its business, the rental company may not charge
the renter any amount for the rental for the period after the renter
notifies the rental company to pick up the vehicle.
   (9) Except as otherwise permitted pursuant to the customer
facility charge, a rental company may not separately charge, in
addition to the rental rate, a fee for transporting the renter to the
location where the rented vehicle will be delivered to the renter.
   (c) A renter may bring an action against a rental company for the
recovery of damages and appropriate equitable relief for a violation
of this section. The prevailing party shall be entitled to recover
reasonable attorney's fees and costs.
   (d) Any waiver of any of the provisions of this section shall be
void and unenforceable as contrary to public policy.
   (e) This section shall become operative only if the Secretary of
Business, Transportation and Housing provides notice to the
Legislature and the Secretary of State and posts notice on its
Internet Web site that the conditions described in Section 13995.92
of the Government Code have been satisfied.



1936.05.  (a) For purposes of this section:
   (1) "Additional charges" means charges other than a per period
base rental rate established by the business program.
   (2) "Business program" means (A) a contract between a rental
company and a business program sponsor that has established the per
period base rental rate, and any other material terms relating to
additional charges, on which the rental company will rent passenger
vehicles to persons authorized by the sponsor, or (B) a plan,
program, or other arrangement established by a rental company at the
request of, or with the consent of, a business program sponsor under
which the rental company offers to rent passenger vehicles to persons
authorized by the sponsor at per period base rental rates, and any
other material terms relating to additional charges, that are not the
same as those generally offered by the rental company to the public.

   (3) "Business program sponsor" means a legal entity, other than a
natural person, that is a corporation, limited liability company, or
partnership.
   (4) "Business renter" means, for any business program sponsor, a
person who is authorized by the sponsor, through the use of an
identifying number or program name or code, to enter into a rental
contract under the sponsor's business program.  In no case shall the
term "business renter" include a person renting as:  (A) a
nonemployee member of a not-for-profit organization, (B) the
purchaser of a voucher or other prepaid rental arrangement from a
person, including a tour operator, engaged in the business of
reselling those vouchers or prepaid rental arrangements to the
general public, (C) an individual whose car rental is eligible for
reimbursement in whole or in part as a result of the person being
insured or provided coverage under a policy of insurance issued by an
insurance company, or (D) an individual whose car rental is eligible
for reimbursement in whole or in part as a result of the person
purchasing passenger vehicle repair services from a person licensed
to perform such services.
   (5) "Qualified business rental" under a business program
established for a business program sponsor by a rental company means
the rental of a passenger vehicle under the business program if
either (A) in the 12-month period ending on the date of the rental or
in the calendar year immediately preceding the year in which the
rental occurs, the rentals under all business programs established by
the rental company for the business program sponsor and its
affiliates produced gross rental revenues in excess of twenty-five
thousand dollars (,000) or (B) the rental company in good faith
estimates that rentals under all the business programs established by
the rental company for the business program sponsor and its
affiliates will produce gross rental revenues in excess of
twenty-five thousand dollars (,000) in the 12-month period
commencing with the date of the rental or in the calendar year in
which the rental occurs.  The rental company has the burden of
establishing by objectively verifiable evidence that the rental was a
qualified business rental.
   (6) "Quote" means telephonic, in-person, and computer-transmitted
quotations.
   (b) Notwithstanding any provision to the contrary contained in
paragraph (1) of subdivision (n) of Section 1936, a rental car
company may, in connection with the qualified business rental of a
passenger vehicle to a business renter of a business program sponsor
under the sponsor's business program, do both of the following:
   (1) Separately quote additional charges for the rental if, at the
time the quote is provided, the person receiving the quote is also
provided a good faith estimate of the total of all the charges for
the entire rental.  The estimate may exclude mileage charges and
charges for optional items and services that cannot be determined
prior to completing the reservation based upon the information
provided by the renter.
   (2) Separately impose additional charges for the rental, if the
rental contract, or another document provided to the business renter
at the time and place the rental commences, clearly and conspicuously
discloses the total of all the charges for the entire rental,
exclusive of charges that cannot be determined at the time the rental
commences.
   (c) A renter may bring an action against a rental company for the
recovery of damages and appropriate equitable relief for a violation
of this section.  The prevailing party shall be entitled to recover
reasonable attorney's fees and costs.
   (d) Any waiver of any of the provisions of this section shall be
void and unenforceable as contrary to public policy.
   (e) Nothing in this section shall be interpreted to mean that a
rental company is not required to comply with the requirements of
paragraphs (2) to (6), inclusive, of subdivision (n) of Section 1936.




1936.1.  (a) (1) A rental company shall provide a renter of a
15-passenger van with a copy of the United States Department of
Transportation, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration's
consumer advisory for 15-passenger vans titled "Reducing the Risk of
Rollover Crashes" or, if that advisory is updated, a copy of the
updated advisory.  The renter shall acknowledge receipt of that copy
by signing an acknowledgment of receipt on the rental agreement or on
an attached form.
   (2) If the rental of that 15-passenger van is for a business
purpose or use, the rental company shall also provide on the document
described in paragraph (1) that only an employee with the proper
licensing may drive that vehicle.  The renter shall acknowledge the
receipt thereof in the same manner as described in paragraph (1).
   (b) (1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), for purposes of this
section, a "15-passenger van" means any van manufactured to
accommodate 15 passengers, including the driver, regardless of
whether that van has been altered to accommodate fewer than 15
passengers.
   (2) For purposes of this section, a "15-passenger van" does not
mean a 15-passenger van with dual rear wheels that has a gross weight
rating equal to, or greater than, 11,500 pounds.