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2005 California Revenue and Taxation Code Sections 23604-23684 CHAPTER 3.5. TAX CREDITS
REVENUE AND TAXATION CODESECTION 23604-23684
23604. For each taxable year beginning on or after January 1, 1996, there shall be allowed as a credit against the "tax" (as defined by Section 23036) an amount determined as follows: (a) (1) (A) The amount of the credit shall be equal to one-third of the federal credit computed in accordance with Section 43 of the Internal Revenue Code. (B) If a taxpayer elects, under Section 43(e) of the Internal Revenue Code, not to apply Section 43 for federal tax purposes, this election is binding and irrevocable for state purposes, and for purposes of subparagraph (A), the federal credit shall be zero. (2) "Qualified enhanced oil recovery project" shall include only projects located within California. (3) The credit allowed under this subdivision shall not be allowed to any taxpayer for whom a depletion allowance is not permitted to be computed under Section 613 of the Internal Revenue Code by reason of paragraphs (2), (3), or (4) of subsection (d) of Section 613A of the Internal Revenue Code. (b) Section 43(d) of the Internal Revenue Code shall apply. (c) In the case where the credit allowed by this section exceeds the "tax," the excess may be carried over to reduce the "tax" for the succeeding 15 years. (d) In the case where property which qualifies as part of the taxpayer's "qualified enhanced oil recovery costs" also qualifies for a credit under any other section in this part, the taxpayer shall make an election on its original return as to which section applies to all costs allocable to that item of qualified property. Any election made under this section, and any specification contained in that election, may not be revoked except with the consent of the Franchise Tax Board. (e) No deduction shall be allowed as otherwise provided in this part for that portion of any costs paid or incurred for the taxable year which is equal to the amount of the credit allowed under this section attributable to those costs. (f) The basis of any property for which a credit is allowed under this section shall be reduced by the amount of the credit attributable to the property. The basis adjustment shall be made for the taxable year for which the credit is allowed. (g) No credit may be claimed under this section with respect to any amount for which any other credit has been claimed under this part. 23608. (a) In the case of a taxpayer who transports any agricultural product donated in accordance with Chapter 5 (commencing with Section 58501) of Part 1 of Division 21 of the Food and Agricultural Code, for taxable years beginning on or after January 1, 1996, there shall be allowed as a credit against the "tax" (as defined by Section 23036), an amount equal to 50 percent of the transportation costs paid or incurred by the taxpayer in connection with the transportation of that donated agricultural product. (b) If two or more taxpayers share in the expenses eligible for the credit provided by this section, each taxpayer shall be eligible to receive the tax credit in proportion to its respective share of the expenses paid or incurred. (c) If any credit allowed by this section is claimed by the taxpayer, any deduction otherwise allowed under this part for that amount of the cost paid or incurred by the taxpayer which is eligible for the credit that is claimed shall be reduced by the amount of the credit allowed. (d) Upon delivery of the donated agricultural product by a taxpayer authorized to claim a credit pursuant to subdivision (a), the nonprofit charitable organization shall provide a certificate to the taxpayer who transported the agricultural product. The certificate shall contain a statement signed and dated by a person authorized by that organization that the product is donated under Chapter 5 (commencing with Section 58501) of Part 1 of Division 21 of the Food and Agricultural Code. The certificate shall also contain the following information: the type and quantity of product donated, the distance transported, the name of the transporter, the name of the taxpayer donor, and the name and address of the donee. Upon the request of the Franchise Tax Board, the taxpayer shall provide a copy of the certification to the Franchise Tax Board. (e) In the case where any credit allowed by this section exceeds the "tax," the excess may be carried over to reduce the "tax" in the following year, and succeeding years if necessary, until the credit is exhausted. 23608.2. (a) For taxable years beginning on or after January 1, 1997, there shall be allowed as a credit against the "tax," as defined by Section 23036, an amount, subject to Section 42(h)(1) of the Internal Revenue Code, that is otherwise equal to the lesser of 50 percent of the eligible costs, as determined under subdivision (b), or the amount allocated under paragraph (2) of subdivision (e). (b) (1) For purposes of this section, the "eligible costs" shall be equal to the total finance costs, construction costs, excavation costs, installation costs, and permit costs paid or incurred to construct or rehabilitate farmworker housing. "Eligible costs" include, but are not limited to, improvements to ensure compliance with laws governing access for persons with disabilities and costs related to reducing utility expenses. Noneligible costs include land and those costs financed by grants and below-market financing. (2) For purposes of paragraph (1), construction or rehabilitation of the farmworker housing shall have commenced on or after January 1, 1997. (3) Notwithstanding any provision of this part, eligible costs shall not include any costs paid or incurred prior to January 1, 1997. (c) Notwithstanding any other provision of this part, no credit shall be allowed under this section unless the taxpayer first obtains a certification from the committee that the amounts described in subdivision (b) qualify for the credit under this section and the total amount of the credit allocated to the taxpayer pursuant to the Farmworker Housing Assistance Program. (d) The taxpayer shall do all of the following: (1) Apply to the committee for credit certification. (2) Retain a copy of the certification. (3) Make the certification available to the Franchise Tax Board upon request. (e) The committee shall do all of the following: (1) Provide forms and instructions for applications for credit certification, as specified pursuant to the Farmworker Housing Assistance Program. (2) Accept applications and issue a certificate to the taxpayer that includes a certification as to the eligible costs described in subdivision (b) that qualify for the credit and the total amount of the credit to which the taxpayer is entitled for the taxable year. Credit in excess of the amount necessary to make the project feasible shall not be allocated. Credits shall be allocated through a minimum of one competitive funding round per year. (3) Obtain the taxpayer's taxpayer identification number, or each shareholder's taxpayer identification number in the case of an S corporation, for tax administration purposes. (4) Provide an annual listing to the Franchise Tax Board, in the form and manner agreed upon by the Franchise Tax Board and the committee, containing the names, taxpayer identification numbers pursuant to paragraph (3), eligible costs, and total amount of credit certified to each taxpayer. (f) For purposes of this section: (1) "Compliance period" means, with respect to any farmworker housing, the period of 30 consecutive taxable years, beginning with the taxable year in which the credit is allowable. (2) "Construct or rehabilitate" includes reconstruction, but does not include any costs related to acquisition or refinancing of property or structures thereon. (3) "Farmworker Housing Assistance Program" means Chapter 3.7 (commencing with Section 50199.50) of Part 1 of Division 31 of the Health and Safety Code. (4) "Qualified farmworker housing" means housing located within this state which satisfies the requirements of the Farmworker Housing Assistance Program. The housing may be vacant or occupied, and it need not be licensed pursuant to the Employee Housing Act at the time of the initiation of construction or rehabilitation. (5) "Committee" means the California Tax Credit Allocation Committee as defined in Section 50199.7 of the Health and Safety Code. (6) "Qualified accountant" means an accountant licensed or certified in this state who is neither an employee of the taxpayer, nor related to the taxpayer within the meaning of Section 267 of the Internal Revenue Code. (g) No deduction or other credit shall be allowed under this part or Part 10 (commencing with Section 17001) to the extent of any eligible costs, as defined in subdivision (b), that are taken into account in computing the credit allowed under this section. (h) The farmworker housing tax credit shall not be allowed unless the taxpayer: (1) Constructs or rehabilitates the property subject to the covenants, conditions, and restrictions imposed by this section and pursuant to the Farmworker Housing Assistance Program, which shall include, but not necessarily be limited to, a requirement that the taxpayer obtain, for approval by the committee, a construction cost audit and certification of eligible costs from a qualified accountant. (2) Subsequent to construction or rehabilitation of the farmworker housing, owns or operates the farmworker housing pursuant to the requirements of this section, or ensures the ownership and operation of the farmworker housing pursuant to the requirements of this section. (i) The requirements of this section shall be set forth in a written agreement between the committee and the taxpayer. The agreement shall include, but not necessarily be limited to, the requirements set forth in the Farmworker Housing Assistance Program. (j) In the case where the credit allowed by this section exceeds the "tax," the excess may be carried over to reduce the "tax" in the following year, and succeeding years if necessary, until the credit has been exhausted. (k) (1) In the case of any disqualifying event, as defined in paragraph (2), there shall be added to the "tax," as defined in Section 23036, for the taxable year in which the disqualifying event occurs, the recapture amount computed under paragraph (3) and the interest amount computed under paragraph (4). (2) For purposes of this subdivision, "disqualifying event" shall mean: (A) The committee determines that the certification provided under subdivision (e) was obtained by fraud or misrepresentation. (B) The taxpayer fails to comply with the requirements of the Farmworker Housing Assistance Program, or any other requirement imposed under this section. (3) For purposes of this subdivision, "recapture amount" means: (A) In the case of any disqualifying event described in subparagraph (A) of paragraph (2), the entire amount of any credit previously allowed under this section. (B) In the case of any disqualifying event described in subparagraph (B) of paragraph (2), an amount determined by multiplying the entire amount of the credit previously allowed under this section by a fraction, the numerator of which is the number of years remaining in the compliance period and the denominator of which is 30. (4) For purposes of this subdivision, "interest amount" means: (A) In the case of any disqualifying event described in subparagraph (A) of paragraph (2), the amount of interest computed using the adjusted annual rate established in Section 19521 from the due date of the return for each taxable year in which the credit was claimed to the date of payment of the additional tax resulting from the application of this subdivision. (B) In the case of any disqualifying event described in subparagraph (B) of paragraph (2), zero. (l) The annual amount of credit granted pursuant to this section and Sections 17053.14 and 23608.3 shall not exceed five hundred thousand dollars ($500,000), provided that the aggregate amount of the credit granted pursuant to this section and Sections 17053.14 and 23608.3 for the calendar year 1998 and thereafter may exceed five hundred thousand dollars ($500,000) per calendar year by an amount equal to any unallocated credits under this section and Sections 17053.14 and 23608.3 for the preceding calendar year or years. 23608.3. (a) For taxable years beginning on or after January 1, 1997, there shall be allowed as a credit against the "tax," as defined in Section 23036, for a bank or financial corporation as determined in subdivision (b). (b) (1) For purposes of this section, the credit shall be equal to 50 percent of the difference between the amount of interest income which could have been collected by the bank or financial corporation had the loan rate been one point above prime, or any other index used by the lender, and the lesser amount of interest income actually due for the term of the loan by the bank or financial corporation on those portions of loans used to finance only eligible costs actually paid or incurred to rehabilitate or construct qualified farmworker housing. (2) The credit allowed under this section shall be taken in equal installments over a period equal to the lesser of 10 years or the term of the loan beginning in the taxpayer's taxable year during which the qualified farmworker housing is completed and there is initial occupancy by eligible farmworkers. In the case where the credit allowed by this section exceeds the "tax" for any taxable year, the excess may not be carried over to reduce the "tax" in any succeeding year. (3) The credit shall not apply to loans with a term of less than three years or to loans funded prior to January 1, 1997. The credit shall apply only to interest income from the loan and shall not apply to any other loan fees or other charges collected by the bank or financial corporation with respect to the loan. (c) The taxpayer shall qualify for the credit by application to and certification by the committee that the expenses qualify for the credit under this section. (d) The taxpayer shall do all of the following: (1) Apply to the committee for credit certification prior to the funding of the loan. (2) Retain a copy of the certification. (3) Make the certification available to the Franchise Tax Board upon request. (e) The committee shall do all of the following: (1) Provide forms and instructions for applications for credit certification, as specified pursuant to the Farmworker Housing Assistance Program. (2) Accept applications and issue a certificate to the taxpayer that includes the credit amount to which the taxpayer is entitled for the taxable year. (3) Obtain the taxpayer's taxpayer identification number, and each shareholder's taxpayer identification number in the case of an S corporation, for tax administration purposes. (4) Provide an annual listing to the Franchise Tax Board, and in a form and manner agreed upon by the Franchise Tax Board and the committee, containing the names, taxpayer identification numbers pursuant to paragraph (3), qualified amounts, and total amount of credit certified to each taxpayer. (f) For the purposes of this section: (1) "Construct or rehabilitate" includes reconstruction, but does not include any costs related to acquisition or refinancing of property or structures thereon. (2) "Farmworker Housing Assistance Program" means Chapter 3.7 (commencing with Section 50199.50) of Part 1 of Division 31 of the Health and Safety Code. (3) "Eligible costs" means those expenditures certified by the committee to meet the requirements of Sections 17053.14 and 23608.2. (4) "Qualified farmworker housing" means housing within the state that meets the requirements of the Farmworker Housing Assistance Program. (g) (1) In the event that the committee determines that the certification provided under subdivision (e) was obtained by fraud or misrepresentation of the taxpayer, there shall be added to the "tax," as defined in Section 23036 for the taxable year in which the disqualifying event occurs, the recapture amount computed under paragraph (2) and the interest amount computed under paragraph (3). (2) For purposes of this subdivision, "recapture amount" means the entire amount of any credit previously allowed under this section. (3) For purposes of this subdivision, "interest amount" means the amount of interest computed using the adjusted annual rate established in Section 19521 from the due date of the return for the taxable year in which the credit was claimed to the date of payment of the additional tax resulting from the application of this subdivision. (h) (1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), if the bank or financial corporation sells the loan to another bank or financial corporation, the balance of the credit, if any, shall be transferred to the assignee or transferee of the loan, subject to the same conditions and limitations as set forth in this section. (2) A bank or financial corporation may assign, sell, or otherwise transfer the loan to another person or entity and retain the right to claim the credit granted under this section if the bank or financial corporation also retains responsibility for servicing the loan. (i) The annual amount of credit granted pursuant to this section and Sections 17053.14 and 23608.2 shall not exceed five hundred thousand dollars ($500,000), provided that the aggregate amount of the credit granted pursuant to this section and Sections 17053.14 and 23608.2 for the 1998 calendar year and thereafter may exceed five hundred thousand dollars ($500,000) per calendar year by an amount equal to any unallocated credits under this section and Sections 17053.14 and 23608.2 for the preceding calendar year or years. 23609. For each taxable year beginning on or after January 1, 1987, there shall be allowed as a credit against the "tax" (as defined by Section 23036) an amount determined in accordance with Section 41 of the Internal Revenue Code, except as follows: (a) For each taxable year beginning before January 1, 1997, both of the following modifications shall apply: (1) The reference to "20 percent" in Section 41(a)(1) of the Internal Revenue Code is modified to read "8 percent." (2) The reference to "20 percent" in Section 41(a)(2) of the Internal Revenue Code is modified to read "12 percent." (b) (1) For each taxable year beginning on or after January 1, 1997, and before January 1, 1999, both of the following modifications shall apply: (A) The reference to "20 percent" in Section 41(a)(1) of the Internal Revenue Code is modified to read "11 percent." (B) The reference to "20 percent" in Section 41(a)(2) of the Internal Revenue Code is modified to read "24 percent." (2) For each taxable year beginning on or after January 1, 1999, and before January 1, 2000, both of the following shall apply: (A) The reference to "20 percent" in Section 41(a)(1) of the Internal Revenue Code is modified to read "12 percent." (B) The reference to "20 percent" in Section 41(a)(2) of the Internal Revenue Code is modified to read "24 percent." (3) For each taxable year beginning on or after January 1, 2000, both of the following shall apply: (A) The reference to "20 percent" in Section 41(a)(1) of the Internal Revenue Code is modified to read "15 percent." (B) The reference to "20 percent" in Section 41(a)(2) of the Internal Revenue Code is modified to read "24 percent." (c) (1) With respect to any expense paid or incurred after the operative date of Section 6378, Section 41(b)(1) of the Internal Revenue Code is modified to exclude from the definition of "qualified research expense" any amount paid or incurred for tangible personal property that is eligible for the exemption from sales or use tax provided by Section 6378. (2) "Qualified research" and "basic research" shall include only research conducted in California. (d) The provisions of Section 41(e)(7)(A) of the Internal Revenue Code, shall be modified so that "basic research," for purposes of this section, includes any basic or applied research including scientific inquiry or original investigation for the advancement of scientific or engineering knowledge or the improved effectiveness of commercial products, except that the term does not include any of the following: (1) Basic research conducted outside California. (2) Basic research in the social sciences, arts, or humanities. (3) Basic research for the purpose of improving a commercial product if the improvements relate to style, taste, cosmetic, or seasonal design factors. (4) Any expenditure paid or incurred for the purpose of ascertaining the existence, location, extent, or quality of any deposit of ore or other mineral (including oil and gas). (e) (1) In the case of a taxpayer engaged in any biopharmaceutical research activities that are described in codes 2833 to 2836, inclusive, or any research activities that are described in codes 3826, 3829, or 3841 to 3845, inclusive, of the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) Manual published by the United States Office of Management and Budget, 1987 edition, or any other biotechnology research and development activities, the provisions of Section 41(e) (6) of the Internal Revenue Code shall be modified to include both of the following: (A) A qualified organization as described in Section 170(b)(1)(A) (iii) of the Internal Revenue Code and owned by an institution of higher education as described in Section 3304(f) of the Internal Revenue Code. (B) A charitable research hospital owned by an organization that is described in Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code, is exempt from taxation under Section 501(a) of the Internal Revenue Code, is not a private foundation, is designated a "specialized laboratory cancer center," and has received Clinical Cancer Research Center status from the National Cancer Institute. (2) For purposes of this subdivision: (A) "Biopharmaceutical research activities" means those activities that use organisms or materials derived from organisms, and their cellular, subcellular, or molecular components, in order to provide pharmaceutical products for human or animal therapeutics and diagnostics. Biopharmaceutical activities make use of living organisms to make commercial products, as opposed to pharmaceutical activities that make use of chemical compounds to produce commercial products. (B) "Other biotechnology research and development activities" means research and development activities consisting of the application of recombinant DNA technology to produce commercial products, as well as research and development activities regarding pharmaceutical delivery systems designed to provide a measure of control over the rate, duration, and site of pharmaceutical delivery. (f) In the case where the credit allowed by this section exceeds the "tax," the excess may be carried over to reduce the "tax" in the following year, and succeeding years if necessary, until the credit has been exhausted. (g) For each taxable year beginning on or after January 1, 1998, the reference to "Section 501(a)" in Section 41(b)(3)(C) of the Internal Revenue Code, relating to contract research expenses, is modified to read "this part or Part 10 (commencing with Section 17001)." (h) (1) For each taxable year beginning on or after January 1, 2000: (A) The reference to "2.65 percent" in Section 41(c)(4)(A)(i) of the Internal Revenue Code is modified to read "one and forty-nine hundredths of one percent." (B) The reference to "3.2 percent" in Section 41(c)(4)(A)(ii) of the Internal Revenue Code is modified to read "one and ninety-eight hundredths of one percent." (C) The reference to "3.75 percent" in Section 41(c)(4)(A)(iii) of the Internal Revenue Code is modified to read "two and forty-eight hundredths of one percent." (2) Section 41(c)(4)(B) shall not apply and in lieu thereof an election under Section 41(c)(4)(A) of the Internal Revenue Code may be made for any taxable year of the taxpayer beginning on or after January 1, 1998. That election shall apply to the taxable year for which made and all succeeding taxable years unless revoked with the consent of the Franchise Tax Board. (3) Section 41(c)(6) of the Internal Revenue Code, relating to gross receipts, is modified to take into account only those gross receipts from the sale of property held primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of the taxpayer's trade or business that is delivered or shipped to a purchaser within this state, regardless of f.o.b. point or any other condition of the sale. (i) Section 41(h) of the Internal Revenue Code, relating to termination, shall not apply. (j) Section 41(g) of the Internal Revenue Code, relating to special rule for passthrough of credit, is modified by each of the following: (1) The last sentence shall not apply. (2) If the amount determined under Section 41(a) of the Internal Revenue Code for any taxable year exceeds the limitation of Section 41(g) of the Internal Revenue Code, that amount may be carried over to other taxable years under the rules of subdivision (f), except that the limitation of Section 41(g) of the Internal Revenue Code shall be taken into account in each subsequent taxable year. 23610. (a) For each taxable year beginning on or after January 1, 1997, and before January 1, 2008, there shall be allowed as a credit against the amount of "tax," as defined in Section 23036, an amount equal to fifteen dollars ($15) for each ton of rice straw, as defined in Section 18944.33 of the Health and Safety Code, that is grown within California and purchased during the taxable year by the taxpayer. (b) The aggregate amount of tax credits granted to all taxpayers pursuant to this section and Section 17052.10 shall not exceed four hundred thousand dollars ($400,000) for each calendar year. (c) In the case where the credit allowed by this section exceeds the "tax," the excess may be carried over to reduce the "tax" for the next 10 taxable years, or until the credit has been exhausted, whichever occurs first. (d) No deduction shall be claimed for the purchase of rice straw for which a tax credit has been claimed pursuant to this section. (e) No credit shall be claimed for the purchase of rice straw for which a tax credit has otherwise already been claimed pursuant to this part. (f) The Department of Food and Agriculture shall do all of the following: (1) Certify that the taxpayer has purchased the rice straw as specified in subdivision (a). (2) Issue certificates in an aggregate amount that shall not exceed the limit specified in subdivision (b). The certificates shall be issued on a "first come, first served" basis to reflect the chronological order that the taxpayer submitted a valid request to the Department of Food and Agriculture. (3) Provide an annual listing to the Franchise Tax Board (preferably on computer readable form, and in a form or manner agreed upon by the Franchise Tax Board and the Department of Food and Agriculture) of the qualified taxpayers who were issued certificates and the amount of rice straw purchased by each taxpayer. (4) As part of its allocation request for tax credits, provide the taxpayer with a copy of the certification to retain for the taxpayer' s records. (5) Obtain the taxpayer's identification number, or in the case of a subchapter S corporation, the taxpayer identification numbers of all shareholders. (6) On or before each June 1 immediately following each year for which the credit under this section is available, provide to the Legislature an informational report with respect to that year that includes all of the following: (A) The number of tax credit certificates requested and issued. (B) The type of businesses receiving the tax credit certificates. (C) A general list of the methods used to process the rice straw. (D) Recommendations on how the credits can be issued in a manner that will maximize the long term use of the California grown rice straw. (g) To be eligible for the credit under this section the taxpayer shall do all of the following: (1) As part of its allocation request for tax credits, provide the Department of Food and Agriculture with documents, as deemed necessary by the department, verifying the purchase of rice straw and that it meets the requirements specified in this section. (2) Retain for the taxpayer's records a copy of the certificate issued by the Department of Food and Agriculture as specified in subdivision (f). (3) Provide a copy of the certification specified in subdivision (f) to the Franchise Tax Board upon request. If the taxpayer fails to comply with the requirements of this subdivision, no credit shall be allowed to that taxpayer under this section for any taxable year unless the taxpayer subsequently complies. (4) Provide the Department of Food and Agriculture with the taxpayer's identification number, or in the case of a subchapter S corporation, the taxpayer identification numbers of all shareholders. (h) (1) For purposes of this section, a credit shall be allowed only if the taxpayer is the "end user" of the rice straw. For purposes of this section, "end user" shall mean anyone who uses the rice straw for processing, generation of energy, manufacturing, export, prevention of erosion, or for any other purpose, exclusive of open burning, that consumes the rice straw. (2) The credit shall not be allowed if the taxpayer is related, within the meaning of Section 267 or 318 of the Internal Revenue Code, to any person who grew the rice straw within California. (i) This section shall remain in effect only until December 1, 2008, and as of that date is repealed. 23610.4. It is the intent of the Legislature that the amount of the state low-income housing tax credit allocated to a project pursuant to Section 23610.5 shall not exceed an amount in addition to the federal tax credit that is necessary for the financial feasibility of the project and its viability throughout the extended use period. 23610.5. (a) (1) There shall be allowed as a credit against the "tax" (as defined by Section 23036) a state low-income housing tax credit in an amount equal to the amount determined in subdivision (c), computed in accordance with Section 42 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, except as otherwise provided in this section. (2) "Taxpayer," for purposes of this section, means the sole owner in the case of a "C" corporation, the partners in the case of a partnership, and the shareholders in the case of an "S" corporation. (3) "Housing sponsor," for purposes of this section, means the sole owner in the case of a "C" corporation, the partnership in the case of a partnership, and the "S" corporation in the case of an "S" corporation. (b) (1) The amount of the credit allocated to any housing sponsor shall be authorized by the California Tax Credit Allocation Committee, or any successor thereof, based on a project's need for the credit for economic feasibility in accordance with the requirements of this section. (A) The low-income housing project shall be located in California and shall meet either of the following requirements: (i) The project's housing sponsor has been allocated by the California Tax Credit Allocation Committee a credit for federal income tax purposes under Section 42 of the Internal Revenue Code. (ii) It qualifies for a credit under Section 42(h)(4)(B) of the Internal Revenue Code. (B) The California Tax Credit Allocation Committee shall not require fees for the credit under this section in addition to those fees required for applications for the tax credit pursuant to Section 42 of the Internal Revenue Code. The committee may require a fee if the application for the credit under this section is submitted in a calendar year after the year the application is submitted for the federal tax credit. (2) (A) The California Tax Credit Allocation Committee shall certify to the housing sponsor the amount of tax credit under this section allocated to the housing sponsor for each credit period. (B) In the case of a partnership or an "S" corporation, the housing sponsor shall provide a copy of the California Tax Credit Allocation Committee certification to the taxpayer. (C) The taxpayer shall, upon request, provide a copy of the certification to the Franchise Tax Board. (D) All elections made by the taxpayer pursuant to Section 42 of the Internal Revenue Code shall apply to this section. (E) For buildings located in designated difficult development areas or qualified census tracts as defined in Section 42(d)(5)(C) of the Internal Revenue Code, credits may be allocated under this section in the amounts prescribed in subdivision (c), provided that the amount of credit allocated under Section 42 of the Internal Revenue Code is computed on 100 percent of the qualified basis of the building. (c) Section 42(b) of the Internal Revenue Code shall be modified as follows: (1) In the case of any qualified low-income building placed in service by the housing sponsor during 1987, the term "applicable percentage" means 9 percent for each of the first three years and 3 percent for the fourth year for new buildings (whether or not the building is federally subsidized) and for existing buildings. (2) In the case of any qualified low-income building that receives an allocation after 1989 and is a new building not federally subsidized, the term "applicable percentage" means the following: (A) For each of the first three years, the percentage prescribed by the Secretary of the Treasury for new buildings that are not federally subsidized for the taxable year, determined in accordance with the requirements of Section 42(b)(2) of the Internal Revenue Code, in lieu of the percentage prescribed in Section 42(b)(1)(A). (B) For the fourth year, the difference between 30 percent and the sum of the applicable percentages for the first three years. (3) In the case of any qualified low-income building that receives an allocation after 1989 and that is a new building that is federally subsidized or that is an existing building that is "at risk of conversion," the term "applicable percentage" means the following: (A) For each of the first three years, the percentage prescribed by the Secretary of the Treasury for new buildings that are federally subsidized for the taxable year. (B) For the fourth year, the difference between 13 percent and the sum of the applicable percentages for the first three years. (4) For purposes of this section, the term "at risk of conversion," with respect to an existing property means a property that satisfies all of the following criteria: (A) The property is a multifamily rental housing development in which at least 50 percent of the units receive governmental assistance pursuant to any of the following: (i) New construction, substantial rehabilitation, moderate rehabilitation, property disposition, and loan management set-aside programs, or any other program providing project-based assistance pursuant to Section 8 of the United States Housing Act of 1937, Section 1437f of Title 42 of the United States Code, as amended. (ii) The Below-Market-Interest-Rate Program pursuant to Section 221(d)(3) of the National Housing Act, Sections 1715l(d)(3) and (5) of Title 12 of the United States Code. (iii) Section 236 of the National Housing Act, Section 1715z-1 of Title 12 of the United States Code. (iv) Programs for rent supplement assistance pursuant to Section 101 of the Housing and Urban Development Act of 1965, Section 1701s of Title 12 of the United States Code, as amended. (v) Programs pursuant to Section 515 of the Housing Act of 1949, Section 1485 of Title 42 of the United States Code, as amended. (vi) The low-income housing credit program set forth in Section 42 of the Internal Revenue Code, provided that the property is not eligible to receive an allocation of tax exempt private activity mortgage revenue bonds from the California Debt Limit Allocation Committee. (B) The restrictions on rent and income levels will terminate or the federally insured mortgage on the property is eligible for prepayment anytime in the five calendar years after the year of application to the California Tax Credit Allocation Committee. (C) The entity acquiring the property enters into a regulatory agreement that requires the property to be operated in accordance with the requirements of this section for a period equal to the greater of 55 years or the life of the property. (D) The property satisfies the requirements of Section 42(e) of the Internal Revenue Code regarding rehabilitation expenditures, except that the provisions of Section 42(e)(3)(A)(ii)(I) shall not apply. (d) The term "qualified low-income housing project" as defined in Section 42(c)(2) of the Internal Revenue Code is modified by adding the following requirements: (1) The taxpayer shall be entitled to receive a cash distribution from the operations of the project, after funding required reserves, which, at the election of the taxpayer, shall be equal to: (A) An amount not to exceed 8 percent of the lesser of: (i) The owner equity, which shall include the amount of the capital contributions actually paid to the housing sponsor and shall not include any amounts until they are paid on an investor note. (ii) Twenty percent of the adjusted basis of the building as of the close of the first taxable year of the credit period. (B) The amount of the cashflow from those units in the building that are not low-income units. For purposes of computing cashflow under this subparagraph, operating costs shall be allocated to the low-income units using the "floor space fraction," as defined in Section 42 of the Internal Revenue Code. (C) Any amount allowed to be distributed under subparagraph (A) that is not available for distribution during the first five years of the compliance period may accumulate and be distributed at any time during the first 15 years of the compliance period but not thereafter. (2) The limitation on return shall apply in the aggregate to the partners if the housing sponsor is a partnership and in the aggregate to the shareholders if the housing sponsor is an "S" corporation. (3) The housing sponsor shall apply any cash available for distribution in excess of the amount eligible to be distributed under paragraph (1) to reduce the rent on rent-restricted units or to increase the number of rent-restricted units subject to the tests of Section 42(g)(1) of the Internal Revenue Code. (e) The provisions of Section 42(f) of the Internal Revenue Code shall be modified as follows: (1) The term "credit period" as defined in Section 42(f)(1) of the Internal Revenue Code is modified by substituting "four taxable years" for "10 taxable years." (2) The special rule for the first taxable year of the credit period under Section 42(f)(2) of the Internal Revenue Code shall not apply to the tax credit under this section. (3) Section 42(f)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code is modified to read: If, as of the close of any taxable year in the compliance period, after the first year of the credit period, the qualified basis of any building exceeds the qualified basis of that building as of the close of the first year of the credit period, the housing sponsor, to the extent of its tax credit allocation, shall be eligible for a credit on the excess in an amount equal to the applicable percentage determined pursuant to subdivision (c) for the four-year period beginning with the later of the taxable years in which the increase in qualified basis occurs. (f) The provisions of Section 42(h) of the Internal Revenue Code shall be modified as follows: (1) Section 42(h)(2) of the Internal Revenue Code shall not be applicable and instead the following provisions shall be applicable: The total amount for the four-year credit period of the housing credit dollars allocated in a calendar year to any building shall reduce the aggregate housing credit dollar amount of the California Tax Credit Allocation Committee for the calendar year in which the allocation is made. (2) Paragraphs (3), (4), (5), (6)(E)(i)(II), (6)(F), (6)(G), (6) (I), (7), and (8) of Section 42(h) of the Internal Revenue Code shall not be applicable. (g) The aggregate housing credit dollar amount that may be allocated annually by the California Tax Credit Allocation Committee pursuant to this section, Section 12206, and Section 17058 shall be an amount equal to the sum of all the following: (1) Seventy million dollars ($70,000,000) for the 2001 calendar year, and, for the 2002 calendar year and each calendar year thereafter, seventy million dollars ($70,000,000) increased by the percentage, if any, by which the Consumer Price Index for the preceding calendar year exceeds the Consumer Price Index for the 2001 calendar year. For the purposes of this paragraph, the term "Consumer Price Index" means the last Consumer Price Index for all urban consumers published by the federal Department of Labor. (2) The unused housing credit ceiling, if any, for the preceding calendar years. (3) The amount of housing credit ceiling returned in the calendar year. For purposes of this paragraph, the amount of housing credit dollar amount returned in the calendar year equals the housing credit dollar amount previously allocated to any project that does not become a qualified low-income housing project within the period required by this section or to any project with respect to which an allocation is canceled by mutual consent of the California Tax Credit Allocation Committee and the allocation recipient. (h) The term "compliance period" as defined in Section 42(i)(1) of the Internal Revenue Code is modified to mean, with respect to any building, the period of 30 consecutive taxable years beginning with the first taxable year of the credit period with respect thereto. (i) Section 42(j) of the Internal Revenue Code shall not be applicable and the following shall be substituted in its place: The requirements of this section shall be set forth in a regulatory agreement between the California Tax Credit Allocation Committee and the housing sponsor, and this agreement shall be subordinated, when required, to any lien or encumbrance of any banks or other institutional lenders to the project. The regulatory agreement entered into pursuant to subdivision (f) of Section 50199.14 of the Health and Safety Code shall apply, provided that the agreement includes all of the following provisions: (1) A term not less than the compliance period. (2) A requirement that the agreement be filed in the official records of the county in which the qualified low-income housing project is located. (3) A provision stating which state and local agencies can enforce the regulatory agreement in the event the housing sponsor fails to satisfy any of the requirements of this section. (4) A provision that the regulatory agreement shall be deemed a contract enforceable by tenants as third-party beneficiaries thereto, and that allows individuals, whether prospective, present, or former occupants of the building, who meet the income limitation applicable to the building the right to enforce the regulatory agreement in any state court. (5) A provision incorporating the requirements of Section 42 of the Internal Revenue Code as modified by this section. (6) A requirement that the housing sponsor notify the California Tax Credit Allocation Committee or its designee if there is a determination by the Internal Revenue Service that the project is not in compliance with Section 42(g) of the Internal Revenue Code. (7) A requirement that the housing sponsor, as security for the performance of the housing sponsor's obligations under the regulatory agreement, assign the housing sponsor's interest in rents that it receives from the project, provided that until there is a default under the regulatory agreement, the housing sponsor is entitled to collect and retain the rents. (8) A provision that the remedies available in the event of a default under the regulatory agreement that is not cured within a reasonable cure period include, but are not limited to, allowing any of the parties designated to enforce the regulatory agreement to collect all rents with respect to the project; taking possession of the project and operating the project in accordance with the regulatory agreement until the enforcer determines the housing sponsor is in a position to operate the project in accordance with the regulatory agreement; applying to any court for specific performance; securing the appointment of a receiver to operate the project; or any other relief as may be appropriate. (j) (1) The committee shall allocate the housing credit on a regular basis consisting of two or more periods in each calendar year during which applications may be filed and considered. The committee shall establish application filing deadlines, the maximum percentage of federal and state low-income housing tax credit ceiling that may be allocated by the committee in that period, and the approximate date on which allocations shall be made. If the enactment of federal or state law, the adoption of rules or regulations, or other similar events prevent the use of two allocation periods, the committee may reduce the number of periods and adjust the filing deadlines, maximum percentage of credit allocated, and allocation dates. (2) The committee shall adopt a qualified allocation plan, as provided in Section 42(m)(1) of the Internal Revenue Code. In adopting this plan, the committee shall comply with the provisions of Sections 42(m)(1)(B) and 42(m)(1)(C) of the Internal Revenue Code. (3) Notwithstanding Section 42(m) of the Internal Revenue Code, the California Tax Credit Allocation Committee shall allocate housing credits in accordance with the qualified allocation plan and regulations, which shall include the following provisions: (A) All housing sponsors, as defined by paragraph (3) of subdivision (a), shall demonstrate at the time the application is filed with the committee that the project meets the following threshold requirements: (i) The housing sponsor shall demonstrate that there is a need for low-income housing in the community or region for which it is proposed. (ii) The project's proposed financing, including tax credit proceeds, shall be sufficient to complete the project and shall be adequate to operate the project for the extended use period. (iii) The project shall have enforceable financing commitments, either construction or permanent financing, for at least 50 percent of the total estimated financing of the project. (iv) The housing sponsor shall have and maintain control of the site for the project. (v) The housing sponsor shall demonstrate that the project complies with all applicable local land use and zoning ordinances. (vi) The housing sponsor shall demonstrate that the project development team has the experience and the financial capacity to ensure project completion and operation for the extended use period. (vii) The housing sponsor shall demonstrate the amount of tax credit that is necessary for the financial feasibility of the project and its viability as a qualified low-income housing project throughout the extended use period, taking into account operating expenses, a supportable debt service, reserves, funds set aside for rental subsidies, and required equity, and a development fee that does not exceed a specified percentage of the eligible basis of the project prior to inclusion of the development fee in the eligible basis, as determined by the committee. (B) The committee shall give a preference to those projects satisfying all of the threshold requirements of subparagraph (A) if both of the following apply: (i) The project serves the lowest income tenants at rents affordable to those tenants. (ii) The project is obligated to serve qualified tenants for the longest period. (C) In addition to the provisions of subparagraphs (A) and (B), the committee shall use the following criteria in allocating housing credits: (i) Projects serving large families in which a substantial number, as defined by the committee, of all residential units are low-income units with three and more bedrooms. (ii) Projects providing single-room occupancy units serving very low income tenants. (iii) Existing projects that are "at risk of conversion," as defined by paragraph (4) of subdivision (c). (iv) Projects for which a public agency provides direct or indirect long-term financial support for at least 15 percent of the total project development costs or projects for which the owner's equity constitutes at least 30 percent of the total project development costs. (v) Projects that provide tenant amenities not generally available to residents of low-income housing projects. (4) For purposes of allocating credits pursuant to this section, the committee shall not give preference to any project by virtue of the date of submission of its application except to break a tie when two or more of the projects have an equal rating. (5) Not less than 20 percent of the low-income housing tax credits available annually under this section, Section 12206, and Section 17058 shall be set aside for allocation to rural areas as defined in Section 50199.21 of the Health and Safety Code. Any amount of credit set aside for rural areas remaining on or after October 31 of any calendar year shall be available for allocation to any eligible project. No amount of credit set aside for rural areas shall be considered available for any eligible project so long as there are eligible rural applications pending on October 31. (k) Section 42(l) of the Internal Revenue Code shall be modified as follows: The term "secretary" shall be replaced by the term "California Franchise Tax Board." (l) In the case where the state credit allowed under this section exceeds the "tax," the excess may be carried over to reduce the "tax" in the following year, and succeeding years if necessary, until the credit has been exhausted. (m) A project that received an allocation of a 1989 federal housing credit dollar amount shall be eligible to receive an allocation of a 1990 state housing credit dollar amount, subject to all of the following conditions: (1) The project was not placed in service prior to 1990. (2) To the extent the amendments made to this section by the Statutes of 1990 conflict with any provisions existing in this section prior to those amendments, the prior provisions of law shall prevail. (3) Notwithstanding paragraph (2), a project applying for an allocation under this subdivision shall be subject to the requirements of paragraph (3) of subdivision (j). (n) The credit period with respect to an allocation of credit in 1989 by the California Tax Credit Allocation Committee of which any amount is attributable to unallocated credit from 1987 or 1988 shall not begin until after December 31, 1989. (o) The provisions of Section 11407(a) of Public Law 101-508, relating to the effective date of the extension of the low-income housing credit, shall apply to calendar years after 1989. (p) The provisions of Section 11407(c) of Public Law 101-508, relating to election to accelerate credit, shall not apply. (q) (1) A corporation may elect to assign any portion of any credit allowed under this section to one or more affiliated corporations for each taxable year in which the credit is allowed. For purposes of this subdivision, "affiliated corporation" has the meaning provided in subdivision (b) of Section 25110, as that section was amended by Chapter 881 of the Statutes of 1993, as of the last day of the taxable year in which the credit is allowed, except that "100 percent" is substituted for "more than 50 percent" wherever it appears in the section, as that section was amended by Chapter 881 of the Statutes of 1993, and "voting common stock" is substituted for "voting stock" wherever it appears in the section, as that section was amended by Chapter 881 of the Statutes of 1993. (2) The election provided in paragraph (1): (A) May be based on any method selected by the corporation that originally receives the credit. (B) Shall be irrevocable for the taxable year the credit is allowed, once made. (C) May be changed for any subsequent taxable year if the election to make the assignment is expressly shown on each of the returns of the affiliated corporations that assign and receive the credits. (r) Any unused credit may continue to be carried forward, as provided in subdivision (k), until the credit has been exhausted. This section shall remain in effect on or after December 1, 1990, for as long as Section 42 of the Internal Revenue Code, relating to low-income housing credits, remains in effect. (s) The amendments to this section made by the act adding this subdivision shall apply only to taxable years beginning on or after January 1, 1994, except that paragraph (1) of subdivision (q), as amended, shall apply to taxable years beginning on or after January 1, 1993. 23612.2. (a) There shall be allowed as a credit against the "tax" (as defined by Section 23036) for the taxable year an amount equal to the sales or use tax paid or incurred during the taxable year by the taxpayer in connection with the taxpayer's purchase of qualified property. (b) For purposes of this section: (1) "Taxpayer" means a corporation engaged in a trade or business within an enterprise zone. (2) "Qualified property" means: (A) Any of the following: (i) Machinery and machinery parts used for fabricating, processing, assembling, and manufacturing. (ii) Machinery and machinery parts used for the production of renewable energy resources. (iii) Machinery and machinery parts used for either of the following: (I) Air pollution control mechanisms. (II) Water pollution control mechanisms. (iv) Data-processing and communications equipment, including, but not limited to, computers, computer-automated drafting systems, copy machines, telephone systems, and faxes. (v) Motion picture manufacturing equipment central to production and postproduction, including, but not limited to, cameras, audio recorders, and digital image and sound processing equipment. (B) The total cost of qualified property purchased and placed in service in any taxable year that may be taken into account by any taxpayer for purposes of claiming this credit shall not exceed twenty million dollars ($20,000,000). (C) The qualified property is used by the taxpayer exclusively in an enterprise zone. (D) The qualified property is purchased and placed in service before the date the enterprise zone designation expires, is no longer binding, or becomes inoperative. (3) "Enterprise zone" means the area designated as an enterprise zone pursuant to Chapter 12.8 (commencing with Section 7070) of Division 7 of Title 1 of the Government Code. (c) If the taxpayer has purchased property upon which a use tax has been paid or incurred, the credit provided by this section shall be allowed only if qualified property of a comparable quality and price is not timely available for purchase in this state. (d) In the case where the credit otherwise allowed under this section exceeds the "tax" for the taxable year, that portion of the credit which exceeds the "tax" may be carried over and added to the credit, if any, in the following year, and succeeding years if necessary, until the credit is exhausted. The credit shall be applied first to the earliest taxable years possible. (e) Any taxpayer who elects to be subject to this section shall not be entitled to increase the basis of the qualified property as otherwise required by Section 164(a) of the Internal Revenue Code with respect to sales or use tax paid or incurred in connection with the taxpayer's purchase of qualified property. (f) (1) The amount of credit otherwise allowed under this section and Section 23622.7, including any credit carryover from prior years, that may reduce the "tax" for the taxable year shall not exceed the amount of tax which would be imposed on the taxpayer's business income attributable to the enterprise zone determined as if that attributable income represented all of the income of the taxpayer subject to tax under this part. (2) Attributable income shall be that portion of the taxpayer's California source business income that is apportioned to the enterprise zone. For that purpose, the taxpayer's business income attributable to sources in this state first shall be determined in accordance with Chapter 17 (commencing with Section 25101). That business income shall be further apportioned to the enterprise zone in accordance with Article 2 (commencing with Section 25120) of Chapter 17, modified for purposes of this section in accordance with paragraph (3). (3) Business income shall be apportioned to the enterprise zone by multiplying the total California business income of the taxpayer by a fraction, the numerator of which is the property factor plus the payroll factor, and the denominator of which is two. For purposes of this paragraph: (A) The property factor is a fraction, the numerator of which is the average value of the taxpayer's real and tangible personal property owned or rented and used in the enterprise zone during the taxable year, and the denominator of which is the average value of all the taxpayer's real and tangible personal property owned or rented and used in this state during the taxable year. (B) The payroll factor is a fraction, the numerator of which is the total amount paid by the taxpayer in the enterprise zone during the taxable year for compensation, and the denominator of which is the total compensation paid by the taxpayer in this state during the taxable year. (4) The portion of any credit remaining, if any, after application of this subdivision, shall be carried over to succeeding taxable years, as if it were an amount exceeding the "tax" for the taxable year, as provided in subdivision (d). (g) The amendments made to this section by the act adding this subdivision shall apply to taxable years beginning on or after January 1, 1998. 23617. (a) For each taxable year beginning on or after January 1, 1988, and before January 1, 2007, there shall be allowed as a credit against the "tax" (as defined by Section 23036) an amount equal to the amount determined in subdivision (b). (b) (1) The amount of the credit allowed by this section shall be 30 percent of any of the following: (A) The cost paid or incurred by the taxpayer on or after September 23, 1988, for the startup expenses of establishing a child care program or constructing a child care facility in California, to be used primarily by the children of the taxpayer's employees. (B) For each taxable year beginning on or after January 1, 1993, the cost paid or incurred by the taxpayer for startup expenses of establishing a child care program or constructing a child care facility in California to be used primarily by the children of employees of tenants leasing commercial or office space in a building owned by the taxpayer. (C) The cost paid or incurred by the taxpayer on or after September 23, 1988, for contributions to California child care information and referral services, including, but not limited to, those that identify local child care services, offer information describing these resources to the taxpayer's employees, and make referrals of the taxpayer's employees to child care services where there are vacancies. In the case of a child care facility established by two or more taxpayers, the credit shall be allowed if the facility is to be used primarily by the children of the employees of each of the taxpayers or the children of the employees of tenants of each of the taxpayers. (2) The amount of the credit allowed by this section shall not exceed fifty thousand dollars ($50,000) for any taxable year. (c) For purposes of this section, "startup expenses" include, but are not limited to, feasibility studies, site preparation, and construction, renovation, or acquisition of facilities for purposes of establishing or expanding onsite or nearsite centers by one or more employers or one or more building owners leasing space to employers. (d) If two or more taxpayers share in the costs eligible for the credit provided by this section, each taxpayer shall be eligible to receive a tax credit with respect to its respective share of the costs paid or incurred. (e) (1) In the case where the credit allowed and limited under subdivision (b) for the taxable year exceeds the "tax," the excess may be carried over to reduce the "tax" in the following year, and succeeding years if necessary, until the credit has been exhausted. However, the excess from any one year shall not exceed fifty thousand dollars ($50,000). (2) If the credit carryovers from preceding taxable years allowed under paragraph (1) plus the credit allowed for the taxable year under subdivision (b) would exceed an aggregate total of fifty thousand dollars ($50,000), then the credit allowed to reduce the "tax" under this section for the taxable year shall be limited to fifty thousand dollars ($50,000) and the amount in excess of the fifty thousand dollar ($50,000) limit may be carried over and applied against the "tax" in the following year, and succeeding years if necessary, in an amount which, when added to the credit allowed under subdivision (b) for that succeeding taxable year, does not exceed fifty thousand dollars ($50,000). (f) No deduction shall be allowed as otherwise provided in this part for that portion of expenses paid or incurred for the taxable year which is equal to the amount of the credit allowed under this section attributable to those expenses. (g) In lieu of claiming the tax credit provided by this section, the taxpayer may elect to take depreciation pursuant to Section 24371.5. In addition, the taxpayer may take depreciation pursuant to that section for the cost of a facility in excess of the amount of the tax credit claimed under this section. (h) The basis for any child care facility for which a credit is allowed shall be reduced by the amount of the credit attributable to the facility. The basis adjustment shall be made for the taxable year for which the credit is allowed. (i) No credit shall be allowed under subparagraph (B) of paragraph (1) of subdivision (b) in the case of any taxpayer that is required by any local ordinance or regulation to provide a child care facility. (j) (1) In order to be eligible for the credit allowed under subparagraph (A) or (B) of paragraph (1) of subdivision (b), the taxpayer shall submit to the Franchise Tax Board upon request a statement certifying that the costs for which the credit is claimed are incurred with respect to the startup expenses of establishing a child care program or constructing a child care facility in California to be used primarily by the children of the taxpayer's employees or the children of the employees of tenants leasing commercial or office space in a building owned by the taxpayer and which will be in operation for at least 60 consecutive months after completion. (2) If the child care center for which a credit is claimed pursuant to this section is disposed of or ceases to operate within 60 months after completion, that portion of the credit claimed which represents the remaining portion of the 60-month period shall be added to the taxpayer's tax liability in the taxable year of that disposition or nonuse. (k) In order to be allowed the credit under subparagraph (A) or (B) of paragraph (1) of subdivision (b), the taxpayer shall indicate, in the form and manner prescribed by the Franchise Tax Board, the number of children that the child care program or facility will be able to legally accommodate. (l) This section shall remain in effect only until December 1, 2007, and as of that date is repealed. 23617.5. (a) For each taxable year beginning on or after January 1, 1995, and before January 1, 2007, there shall be allowed as a credit against the "tax" (as defined by Section 23036) an amount equal to the amount determined in subdivision (b). (b) (1) The amount of the credit allowed by this section shall be 30 percent of the cost paid or incurred by the taxpayer for contributions to a qualified care plan made on behalf of any qualified dependent of the taxpayer's qualified employee. (2) The amount of the credit allowed by this section in any taxable year shall not exceed three hundred sixty dollars ($360) for each qualified dependent. (c) For purposes of this section: (1) "Qualified care plan" means a plan providing qualified care. (2) "Qualified care" includes, but is not limited to, onsite service, center-based service, in-home care or home-provider care, and a dependent care center as defined by Section 21(b)(2)(D) of the Internal Revenue Code that is a specialized center with respect to short-term illnesses of an employee's dependents. "Qualified care" must be provided in this state under the authority of a license when required by California law. (3) "Specialized center" means a facility that provides care to mildly ill children and that may do all of the following: (A) Be staffed by pediatric nurses and day care workers. (B) Admit children suffering from common childhood ailments (including colds, flu, and chickenpox). (C) Make special arrangements for well children with minor problems associated with diabetes, asthma, breaks or sprains, and recuperation from surgery. (D) Separate children according to their illness and symptoms in order to protect them from cross-infection. (4) "Contributions" include direct payments to child care programs or providers. "Contributions" do not include amounts contributed to a qualified care plan pursuant to a salary reduction agreement to provide benefits under a dependent care assistance program within the meaning of Section 129 of the Internal Revenue Code, as applicable, for purposes of Part 10 (commencing with Section 17001) and this part. (5) "Qualified employee" means any employee of the taxpayer who is performing services for the taxpayer in this state, within the meaning of Section 25133, during the period in which the qualified care is performed. (6) "Employee" includes an individual who is an employee within the meaning of Section 401(c)(1) of the Internal Revenue Code (relating to self-employed individuals). (7) "Qualified dependent" means any dependent of a qualified employee who is under the age of 12 years. (d) If an employer makes contributions to a qualified care plan and also collects fees from parents to support a child care facility owned and operated by the employer, no credit shall be allowed under this section for contributions in the amount, if any, by which the sum of the contributions and fees exceed the total cost of providing care. The Franchise Tax Board may require information about fees collected from parents of children served in the facility from taxpayers claiming credits under this section. (e) If the duration of the child care received is less than 42 weeks, the employer shall claim a prorated portion of the allowable credit. The employer shall prorate the credit using the ratio of the number of weeks of care received divided by 42 weeks. (f) If the credit allowed under this section exceeds the "tax," the excess may be carried over to reduce the "tax" in the following year, and succeeding years if necessary, until the credit has been exhausted. (g) The credit shall not be available to an employer if the care provided on behalf of an employee is provided by an individual who: (1) Qualifies as a dependent of that employee or that employee's spouse under subdivision (d) of Section 17054. (2) Is (within the meaning of Section 17056) a son, stepson, daughter, or stepdaughter of that employee and is under the age of 19 at the close of that taxable year. (h) The contributions to a qualified care plan shall not discriminate in favor of employees who are officers, owners, or highly compensated, or their dependents. (i) No deduction shall be allowed as otherwise provided in this part for that portion of expenses paid or incurred for the taxable year that is equal to the amount of the credit allowed under this section. (j) If the credit is taken by an employer for contributions to a qualified care plan that is used at a facility owned by the employer, the basis of that facility shall be reduced by the amount of the credit. The basis adjustment shall be made for the taxable year for which the credit is allowed. (k) This section shall remain in effect only until December 1, 2007, and as of that date is repealed. 23621. (a) There shall be allowed as a credit against the "tax" (as defined by Section 23036) an amount equal to 10 percent of the amount of wages paid to each employee who is certified by the Employment Development Department to meet the requirements of Section 328 of the Unemployment Insurance Code. The credit under this section shall not apply to an individual unless, on or before the day on which that individual begins work for the employer, the employer: (1) Has received a certification from the Employment Development Department, or (2) Has requested in writing that certification from the Employment Development Department. For purposes of this subdivision, if on or before the day on which the individual begins work for the employer, the individual has received from the Employment Development Department a written preliminary determination that he or she is a member of a targeted group, then the requirement of paragraph (1) or (2) shall be applicable on or before the fifth day on which the individual begins work for the employer. (b) The credit under this section shall not apply to wages paid in excess of three thousand dollars ($3,000) during an taxable year by a taxpayer to the same individual. With respect to each qualified employee, the aggregate credit under this section shall not exceed six hundred dollars ($600). (c) The credit under this section shall not apply to wages paid to an individual: (1) Who is a dependent, as described in paragraphs (1) to (8), inclusive, of Section 152(a) of the Internal Revenue Code, of an individual who owns, directly or indirectly, more than 50 percent in value of the outstanding stock of the taxpayer (determined with the application of Section 267(c) of the Internal Revenue Code); or (2) Who is a dependent (as described in paragraph (9) of Section 152(a) of the Internal Revenue Code) of an individual described in paragraph (1). (d) The credit under this section shall not apply to wages paid to an individual if, prior to the hiring date of that individual, that individual had been employed by the employer at any time during which he or she was not certified by the Employment Development Department to meet the requirements of Section 328 of the Unemployment Insurance Code. (e) If the certification of an employee has been revoked pursuant to subdivision (c) of Section 328 of the Unemployment Insurance Code, the credit under this section shall not apply to wages paid by the employer after the date on which notice of revocation is received by the employer. (f) The credit under this section shall be in addition to any deduction under this part to which the taxpayer may be entitled, if any. (g) The credit provided by this section shall be applied to wages paid to each qualifying employee during the 24-month period beginning on the date the employee begins working for the taxpayer. (h) (1) A taxpayer may elect to have this section not apply for any taxable year. (2) An election under paragraph (1) for any taxable year may be made (or revoked) at any time before the expiration of the four-year period beginning on the last date prescribed by law for filing the return for that taxable year (determined without regard to extensions). (3) An election under paragraph (1) (or revocation thereof) shall be made in any manner which the Franchise Tax Board may prescribe. (i) (1) In the case of a successor employer referred to in Section 3306(b)(1) of the Internal Revenue Code, the determination of the amount of the credit under this section with respect to wages paid by that successor employer shall be made in the same manner as if those wages were paid by the predecessor employer referred to in that section. (2) No credit shall be determined under this section with respect to remuneration paid by an employer to an employee for services performed by that employee for another person unless the amount reasonably expected to be received by the employer for those services from that other person exceeds the remuneration paid by the employer to that employee for those services. (j) The term "wages" shall not include either of the following: (1) Payments defined in Section 51(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code, relating to payments for services during labor disputes. (2) Any amounts paid or incurred to an individual who begins work for an employer after December 31, 1993. 23622.7. (a) There shall be allowed a credit against the "tax" (as defined by Section 23036) to a taxpayer who employs a qualified employee in an enterprise zone during the taxable year. The credit shall be equal to the sum of each of the following: (1) Fifty percent of qualified wages in the first year of employment. (2) Forty percent of qualified wages in the second year of employment. (3) Thirty percent of qualified wages in the third year of employment. (4) Twenty percent of qualified wages in the fourth year of employment. (5) Ten percent of qualified wages in the fifth year of employment. (b) For purposes of this section: (1) "Qualified wages" means: (A) (i) Except as provided in clause (ii), that portion of wages paid or incurred by the taxpayer during the taxable year to qualified employees that does not exceed 150 percent of the minimum wage. (ii) For up to 1,350 qualified employees who are employed by the taxpayer in the Long Beach Enterprise Zone in aircraft manufacturing activities described in Codes 3721 to 3728, inclusive, and Code 3812 of the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) Manual published by the United States Office of Management and Budget, 1987 edition, "qualified wages" means that portion of hourly wages that does not exceed 202 percent of the minimum wage. (B) Wages received during the 60-month period beginning with the first day the employee commences employment with the taxpayer. Reemployment in connection with any increase, including a regularly occurring seasonal increase, in the trade or business operations of the taxpayer does not constitute commencement of employment for purposes of this section. (C) Qualified wages do not include any wages paid or incurred by the taxpayer on or after the zone expiration date. However, wages paid or incurred with respect to qualified employees who are employed by the taxpayer within the enterprise zone within the 60-month period prior to the zone expiration date shall continue to qualify for the credit under this section after the zone expiration date, in accordance with all provisions of this section applied as if the enterprise zone designation were still in existence and binding. (2) "Minimum wage" means the wage established by the Industrial Welfare Commission as provided for in Chapter 1 (commencing with Section 1171) of Part 4 of Division 2 of the Labor Code. (3) "Zone expiration date" means the date the enterprise zone designation expires, is no longer binding, or becomes inoperative. (4) (A) "Qualified employee" means an individual who meets all of the following requirements: (i) At least 90 percent of whose services for the taxpayer during the taxable year are directly related to the conduct of the taxpayer' s trade or business located in an enterprise zone. (ii) Performs at least 50 percent of his or her services for the taxpayer during the taxable year in an enterprise zone. (iii) Is hired by the taxpayer after the date of original designation of the area in which services were performed as an enterprise zone. (iv) Is any of the following: (I) Immediately preceding the qualified employee's commencement of employment with the taxpayer, was a person eligible for services under the federal Job Training Partnership Act (29 U.S.C. Sec. 1501 et seq.), or its successor, who is receiving, or is eligible to receive, subsidized employment, training, or services funded by the federal Job Training Partnership Act, or its successor. (II) Immediately preceding the qualified employee's commencement of employment with the taxpayer, was a person eligible to be a voluntary or mandatory registrant under the Greater Avenues for Independence Act of 1985 (GAIN) provided for pursuant to Article 3.2 (commencing with Section 11320) of Chapter 2 of Part 3 of Division 9 of the Welfare and Institutions Code, or its successor. (III) Immediately preceding the qualified employee's commencement of employment with the taxpayer, was an economically disadvantaged individual 14 years of age or older. (IV) Immediately preceding the qualified employee's commencement of employment with the taxpayer, was a dislocated worker who meets any of the following: (aa) Has been terminated or laid off or who has received a notice of termination or layoff from employment, is eligible for or has exhausted entitlement to unemployment insurance benefits, and is unlikely to return to his or her previous industry or occupation. (bb) Has been terminated or has received a notice of termination of employment as a result of any permanent closure or any substantial layoff at a plant, facility, or enterprise, including an individual who has not received written notification but whose employer has made a public announcement of the closure or layoff. (cc) Is long-term unemployed and has limited opportunities for employment or reemployment in the same or a similar occupation in the area in which the individual resides, including an individual 55 years of age or older who may have substantial barriers to employment by reason of age. (dd) Was self-employed (including farmers and ranchers) and is unemployed as a result of general economic conditions in the community in which he or she resides or because of natural disasters. (ee) Was a civilian employee of the Department of Defense employed at a military installation being closed or realigned under the Defense Base Closure and Realignment Act of 1990. (ff) Was an active member of the armed forces or National Guard as of September 30, 1990, and was either involuntarily separated or separated pursuant to a special benefits program. (gg) Is a seasonal or migrant worker who experiences chronic seasonal unemployment and underemployment in the agriculture industry, aggravated by continual advancements in technology and mechanization. (hh) Has been terminated or laid off, or has received a notice of termination or layoff, as a consequence of compliance with the Clean Air Act. (V) Immediately preceding the qualified employee's commencement of employment with the taxpayer, was a disabled individual who is eligible for or enrolled in, or has completed a state rehabilitation plan or is a service-connected disabled veteran, veteran of the Vietnam era, or veteran who is recently separated from military service. (VI) Immediately preceding the qualified employee's commencement of employment with the taxpayer, was an ex-offender. An individual shall be treated as convicted if he or she was placed on probation by a state court without a finding of guilt. (VII) Immediately preceding the qualified employee's commencement of employment with the taxpayer, was a person eligible for or a recipient of any of the following: (aa) Federal Supplemental Security Income benefits. (bb) Aid to Families with Dependent Children. (cc) Food stamps. (dd) State and local general assistance. (VIII) Immediately preceding the qualified employee's commencement of employment with the taxpayer, was a member of a federally recognized Indian tribe, band, or other group of Native American descent. (IX) Immediately preceding the qualified employee's commencement of employment with the taxpayer, was a resident of a targeted employment area (as defined in Section 7072 of the Government Code). (X) An employee who qualified the taxpayer for the enterprise zone hiring credit under former Section 23622 or the program area hiring credit under former Section 23623. (XI) Immediately preceding the qualified employee's commencement of employment with the taxpayer, was a member of a targeted group, as defined in Section 51(d) of the Internal Revenue Code, or its successor. (B) Priority for employment shall be provided to an individual who is enrolled in a qualified program under the federal Job Training Partnership Act or the Greater Avenues for Independence Act of 1985 or who is eligible as a member of a targeted group under the Work Opportunity Tax Credit (Section 51 of the Internal Revenue Code), or its successor. (5) "Taxpayer" means a corporation engaged in a trade or business within an enterprise zone designated pursuant to Chapter 12.8 (commencing with Section 7070) of Division 7 of Title 1 of the Government Code. (6) "Seasonal employment" means employment by a taxpayer that has regular and predictable substantial reductions in trade or business operations. (c) The taxpayer shall do both of the following: (1) Obtain from the Employment Development Department, as permitted by federal law, the local county or city Job Training Partnership Act administrative entity, the local county GAIN office or social services agency, or the local government administering the enterprise zone, a certification that provides that a qualified employee meets the eligibility requirements specified in clause (iv) of subparagraph (A) of paragraph (4) of subdivision (b). The Employment Development Department may provide preliminary screening and referral to a certifying agency. The Employment Development Department shall develop a form for this purpose. The Department of Housing and Community Development shall develop regulations governing the issuance of certificates by local governments pursuant to subdivision (a) of Section 7086 of the Government Code. (2) Retain a copy of the certification and provide it upon request to the Franchise Tax Board. (d) (1) For purposes of this section: (A) All employees of all corporations which are members of the same controlled group of corporations shall be treated as employed by a single taxpayer. (B) The credit, if any, allowable by this section to each member shall be determined by reference to its proportionate share of the expense of the qualified wages giving rise to the credit, and shall be allocated in that manner. (C) For purposes of this subdivision, "controlled group of corporations" means "controlled group of corporations" as defined in Section 1563(a) of the Internal Revenue Code, except that: (i) "More than 50 percent" shall be substituted for "at least 80 percent" each place it appears in Section 1563(a)(1) of the Internal Revenue Code. (ii) The determination shall be made without regard to subsections (a)(4) and (e)(3)(C) of Section 1563 of the Internal Revenue Code. (2) If an employer acquires the major portion of a trade or business of another employer (hereinafter in this paragraph referred to as the "predecessor") or the major portion of a separate unit of a trade or business of a predecessor, then, for purposes of applying this section (other than subdivision (e)) for any calendar year ending after that acquisition, the employment relationship between a qualified employee and an employer shall not be treated as terminated if the employee continues to be employed in that trade or business. (e) (1) (A) If the employment, other than seasonal employment, of any qualified employee with respect to whom qualified wages are taken into account under subdivision (a) is terminated by the taxpayer at any time during the first 270 days of that employment, whether or not consecutive, or before the close of the 270th calendar day after the day in which that employee completes 90 days of employment with the taxpayer, the tax imposed by this part for the taxable year in which that employment is terminated shall be increased by an amount equal to the credit allowed under subdivision (a) for that taxable year and all prior taxable years attributable to qualified wages paid or incurred with respect to that employee. (B) If the seasonal employment of any qualified employee, with respect to whom qualified wages are taken into account under subdivision (a) is not continued by the taxpayer for a period of 270 days of employment during the 60-month period beginning with the day the qualified employee commences seasonal employment with the taxpayer, the tax imposed by this part, for the taxable year that includes the 60th month following the month in which the qualified employee commences seasonal employment with the taxpayer, shall be increased by an amount equal to the credit allowed under subdivision (a) for that taxable year and all prior taxable years attributable to qualified wages paid or incurred with respect to that qualified employee. (2) (A) Subparagraph (A) of paragraph (1) shall not apply to any of the following: (i) A termination of employment of a qualified employee who voluntarily leaves the employment of the taxpayer. (ii) A termination of employment of a qualified employee who, before the close of the period referred to in subparagraph (A) of paragraph (1), becomes disabled and unable to perform the services of that employment, unless that disability is removed before the close of that period and the taxpayer fails to offer reemployment to that employee. (iii) A termination of employment of a qualified employee, if it is determined that the termination was due to the misconduct (as defined in Sections 1256-30 to 1256-43, inclusive, of Title 22 of the California Code of Regulations) of that employee. (iv) A termination of employment of a qualified employee due to a substantial reduction in the trade or business operations of the taxpayer. (v) A termination of employment of a qualified employee, if that employee is replaced by other qualified employees so as to create a net increase in both the number of employees and the hours of employment. (B) Subparagraph (B) of paragraph (1) shall not apply to any of the following: (i) A failure to continue the seasonal employment of a qualified employee who voluntarily fails to return to the seasonal employment of the taxpayer. (ii) A failure to continue the seasonal employment of a qualified employee who, before the close of the period referred to in subparagraph (B) of paragraph (1), becomes disabled and unable to perform the services of that seasonal employment, unless that disability is removed before the close of that period and the taxpayer fails to offer seasonal employment to that qualified employee. (iii) A failure to continue the seasonal employment of a qualified employee, if it is determined that the failure to continue the seasonal employment was due to the misconduct (as defined in Sections 1256-30 to 1256-43, inclusive, of Title 22 of the California Code of Regulations) of that qualified employee. (iv) A failure to continue seasonal employment of a qualified employee due to a substantial reduction in the regular seasonal trade or business operations of the taxpayer. (v) A failure to continue the seasonal employment of a qualified employee, if that qualified employee is replaced by other qualified employees so as to create a net increase in both the number of seasonal employees and the hours of seasonal employment. (C) For purposes of paragraph (1), the employment relationship between the taxpayer and a qualified employee shall not be treated as terminated by either of the following: (i) By a transaction to which Section 381(a) of the Internal Revenue Code applies, if the qualified employee continues to be employed by the acquiring corporation. (ii) By reason of a mere change in the form of conducting the trade or business of the taxpayer, if the qualified employee continues to be employed in that trade or business and the taxpayer retains a substantial interest in that trade or business. (3) Any increase in tax under paragraph (1) shall not be treated as tax imposed by this part for purposes of determining the amount of any credit allowable under this part. (f) Rules similar to the rules provided in Section 46(e) and (h) of the Internal Revenue Code shall apply to both of the following: (1) An organization to which Section 593 of the Internal Revenue Code applies. (2) A regulated investment company or a real estate investment trust subject to taxation under this part. (g) For purposes of this section, "enterprise zone" means an area designated as an enterprise zone pursuant to Chapter 12.8 (commencing with Section 7070) of Division 7 of Title 1 of the Government Code. (h) The credit allowable under this section shall be reduced by the credit allowed under Sections 23623.5, 23625, and 23646 claimed for the same employee. The credit shall also be reduced by the federal credit allowed under Section 51 of the Internal Revenue Code. In addition, any deduction otherwise allowed under this part for the wages or salaries paid or incurred by the taxpayer upon which the credit is based shall be reduced by the amount of the credit, prior to any reduction required by subdivision (i) or (j). (i) In the case where the credit otherwise allowed under this section exceeds the "tax" for the taxable year, that portion of the credit that exceeds the "tax" may be carried over and added to the credit, if any, in succeeding taxable years, until the credit is exhausted. The credit shall be applied first to the earliest taxable years possible. (j) (1) The amount of the credit otherwise allowed under this section and Section 23612.2, including any credit carryover from prior years, that may reduce the "tax" for the taxable year shall not exceed the amount of tax which would be imposed on the taxpayer's business income attributable to the enterprise zone determined as if that attributable income represented all of the income of the taxpayer subject to tax under this part. (2) Attributable income shall be that portion of the taxpayer's California source business income that is apportioned to the enterprise zone. For that purpose, the taxpayer's business attributable to sources in this state first shall be determined in accordance with Chapter 17 (commencing with Section 25101). That business income shall be further apportioned to the enterprise zone in accordance with Article 2 (commencing with Section 25120) of Chapter 17, modified for purposes of this section in accordance with paragraph (3). (3) Business income shall be apportioned to the enterprise zone by multiplying the total California business income of the taxpayer by a fraction, the numerator of which is the property factor plus the payroll factor, and the denominator of which is two. For purposes of this paragraph: (A) The property factor is a fraction, the numerator of which is the average value of the taxpayer's real and tangible personal property owned or rented and used in the enterprise zone during the income year, and the denominator of which is the average value of all the taxpayer's real and tangible personal property owned or rented and used in this state during the income year. (B) The payroll factor is a fraction, the numerator of which is the total amount paid by the taxpayer in the enterprise zone during the income year for compensation, and the denominator of which is the total compensation paid by the taxpayer in this state during the income year. (4) The portion of any credit remaining, if any, after application of this subdivision, shall be carried over to succeeding taxable years, as if it were an amount exceeding the "tax" for the taxable year, as provided in subdivision (i). (k) The changes made to this section by the act adding this subdivision shall apply to taxable years on or after January 1, 1997. 23622.8. (a) For each taxable year beginning on or after January 1, 1998, there shall be allowed a credit against the "tax" (as defined in Section 23036) to a qualified taxpayer for hiring a qualified disadvantaged individual during the taxable year for employment in the Manufacturing Enhancement Area. The credit shall be equal to the sum of each of the following: (1) Fifty percent of the qualified wages in the first year of employment. (2) Forty percent of the qualified wages in the second year of employment. (3) Thirty percent of the qualified wages in the third year of employment. (4) Twenty percent of the qualified wages in the fourth year of employment. (5) Ten percent of the qualified wages in the fifth year of employment. (b) For purposes of this section: (1) "Qualified wages" means: (A) That portion of wages paid or incurred by the qualified taxpayer during the taxable year to qualified disadvantaged individuals that does not exceed 150 percent of the minimum wage. (B) The total amount of qualified wages which may be taken into account for purposes of claiming the credit allowed under this section shall not exceed two million dollars ($2,000,000) per taxable year. (C) Wages received during the 60-month period beginning with the first day the qualified disadvantaged individual commences employment with the qualified taxpayer. Reemployment in connection with any increase, including a regularly occurring seasonal increase, in the trade or business operations of the qualified taxpayer does not constitute commencement of employment for purposes of this section. (D) Qualified wages do not include any wages paid or incurred by the qualified taxpayer on or after the Manufacturing Enhancement Area expiration date. However, wages paid or incurred with respect to qualified employees who are employed by the qualified taxpayer within the Manufacturing Enhancement Area within the 60-month period prior to the Manufacturing Enhancement Area expiration date shall continue to qualify for the credit under this section after the Manufacturing Enhancement Area expiration date, in accordance with all provisions of this section applied as if the Manufacturing Enhancement Area designation were still in existence and binding. (2) "Minimum wage" means the wage established by the Industrial Welfare Commission as provided for in Chapter 1 (commencing with Section 1171) of Part 4 of Division 2 of the Labor Code. (3) "Manufacturing Enhancement Area" means an area designated pursuant to Section 7073.8 of the Government Code according to the procedures of Chapter 12.8 (commencing with Section 7070) of Division 7 of Title 1 of the Government Code. (4) "Manufacturing Enhancement Area expiration date" means the date the Manufacturing Enhancement Area designation expires, is no longer binding, or becomes inoperative. (5) "Qualified disadvantaged individual" means an individual who satisfies all of the following requirements: (A) (i) At least 90 percent of whose services for the qualified taxpayer during the taxable year are directly related to the conduct of the qualified taxpayer's trade or business located in a Manufacturing Enhancement Area. (ii) Who performs at least 50 percent of his or her services for the qualified taxpayer during the taxable year in the Manufacturing Enhancement Area. (B) Who is hired by the qualified taxpayer after the designation of the area as a Manufacturing Enhancement Area in which the individual's services were primarily performed. (C) Who is any of the following immediately preceding the individual's commencement of employment with the qualified taxpayer: (i) An individual who has been determined eligible for services under the federal Job Training Partnership Act (29 U.S.C. Sec. 1501 et seq.) or its successor. (ii) Any voluntary or mandatory registrant under the Greater Avenues for Independence Act of 1985, or its successor, as provided pursuant to Article 3.2 (commencing with Section 11320) of Chapter 2 of Part 3 of Division 9 of the Welfare and Institutions Code. (iii) Any individual who has been certified eligible by the Employment Development Department under the federal Targeted Jobs Tax Credit Program, or its successor, whether or not this program is in effect. (6) "Qualified taxpayer" means any corporation engaged in a trade or business within a Manufacturing Enhancement Area designated pursuant to Section 7073.8 of the Government Code and that meets all of the following requirements: (A) Is engaged in those lines of business described in Codes 0211 to 0291, inclusive, Code 0723, or in Codes 2011 to 3999, inclusive, of the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) Manual published by the United States Office of Management and Budget, 1987 edition. (B) At least 50 percent of the qualified taxpayer's workforce hired after the designation of the Manufacturing Enhancement Area is composed of individuals who, at the time of hire, are residents of the county in which the Manufacturing Enhancement Area is located. (C) Of this percentage of local hires, at least 30 percent shall be qualified disadvantaged individuals. (7) "Seasonal employment" means employment by a qualified taxpayer that has regular and predictable substantial reductions in trade or business operations. (c) (1) For purposes of this section, all of the following apply: (A) All employees of all corporations that are members of the same controlled group of corporations shall be treated as employed by a single qualified taxpayer. (B) The credit (if any) allowable by this section with respect to each member shall be determined by reference to its proportionate share of the expenses of the qualified wages giving rise to the credit and shall be allocated in that manner. (C) Principles that apply in the case of controlled groups of corporations, as specified in subdivision (d) of Section 23622.7, shall apply with respect to determining employment. (2) If a qualified taxpayer acquires the major portion of a trade or business of another employer (hereinafter in this paragraph referred to as the "predecessor") or the major portion of a separate unit of a trade or business of a predecessor, then, for purposes of applying this section (other than subdivision (d)) for any calendar year ending after that acquisition, the employment relationship between a qualified disadvantaged individual and a qualified taxpayer shall not be treated as terminated if the qualified disadvantaged individual continues to be employed in that trade or business. (d) (1) (A) If the employment, other than seasonal employment, of any qualified disadvantaged individual, with respect to whom qualified wages are taken into account under subdivision (b) is terminated by the qualified taxpayer at any time during the first 270 days of that employment (whether or not consecutive) or before the close of the 270th calendar day after the day in which that qualified disadvantaged individual completes 90 days of employment with the qualified taxpayer, the tax imposed by this part for the taxable year in which that employment is terminated shall be increased by an amount equal to the credit allowed under subdivision (a) for that taxable year and all prior taxable years attributable to qualified wages paid or incurred with respect to that qualified disadvantaged individual. (B) If the seasonal employment of any qualified disadvantaged individual, with respect to whom qualified wages are taken into account under subdivision (a) is not continued by the qualified taxpayer for a period of 270 days of employment during the 60-month period beginning with the day the qualified disadvantaged individual commences seasonal employment with the qualified taxpayer, the tax imposed by this part, for the income year that includes the 60th month following the month in which the qualified disadvantaged individual commences seasonal employment with the qualified taxpayer, shall be increased by an amount equal to the credit allowed under subdivision (a) for that taxable year and all prior taxable years attributable to qualified wages paid or incurred with respect to that qualified disadvantaged individual. (2) (A) Subparagraph (A) of paragraph (1) does not apply to any of the following: (i) A termination of employment of a qualified disadvantaged individual who voluntarily leaves the employment of the qualified taxpayer. (ii) A termination of employment of a qualified disadvantaged individual who, before the close of the period referred to in subparagraph (A) of paragraph (1), becomes disabled to perform the services of that employment, unless that disability is removed before the close of that period and the qualified taxpayer fails to offer reemployment to that individual. (iii) A termination of employment of a qualified disadvantaged individual, if it is determined that the termination was due to the misconduct (as defined in Sections 1256-30 to 1256-43, inclusive, of Title 22 of the California Code of Regulations) of that individual. (iv) A termination of employment of a qualified disadvantaged individual due to a substantial reduction in the trade or business operations of the qualified taxpayer. (v) A termination of employment of a qualified disadvantaged individual, if that individual is replaced by other qualified disadvantaged individuals so as to create a net increase in both the number of employees and the hours of employment. (B) Subparagraph (B) of paragraph (1) shall not apply to any of the following: (i) A failure to continue the seasonal employment of a qualified disadvantaged individual who voluntarily fails to return to the seasonal employment of the qualified taxpayer. (ii) A failure to continue the seasonal employment of a qualified disadvantaged individual who, before the close of the period referred to in subparagraph (B) of paragraph (1), becomes disabled and unable to perform the services of that seasonal employment, unless that disability is removed before the close of that period and the qualified taxpayer fails to offer seasonal employment to that qualified disadvantaged individual. (iii) A failure to continue the seasonal employment of a qualified disadvantaged individual, if it is determined that the failure to continue the seasonal employment was due to the misconduct (as defined in Sections 1256-30 to 1256-43, inclusive, of Title 22 of the California Code of Regulations) of that qualified disadvantaged individual. (iv) A failure to continue seasonal employment of a qualified disadvantaged individual due to a substantial reduction in the regular seasonal trade or business operations of the qualified taxpayer. (v) A failure to continue the seasonal employment of a qualified disadvantaged individual, if that qualified disadvantaged individual is replaced by other qualified disadvantaged individuals so as to create a net increase in both the number of seasonal employees and the hours of seasonal employment. (C) For purposes of paragraph (1), the employment relationship between the qualified taxpayer and a qualified disadvantaged individual shall not be treated as terminated by either of the following: (i) By a transaction to which Section 381(a) of the Internal Revenue Code applies, if the qualified disadvantaged individual continues to be employed by the acquiring corporation. (ii) By reason of a mere change in the form of conducting the trade or business of the qualified taxpayer, if the qualified disadvantaged individual continues to be employed in that trade or business and the qualified taxpayer retains a substantial interest in that trade or business. (3) Any increase in tax under paragraph (1) shall not be treated as tax imposed by this part for purposes of determining the amount of any credit allowable under this part. (e) The credit shall be reduced by the credit allowed under Section 23621. The credit shall also be reduced by the federal credit allowed under Section 51 of the Internal Revenue Code. In addition, any deduction otherwise allowed under this part for the wages or salaries paid or incurred by the qualified taxpayer upon which the credit is based shall be reduced by the amount of the credit, prior to any reduction required by subdivision (f) or (g). (f) In the case where the credit otherwise allowed under this section exceeds the "tax" for the taxable year, that portion of the credit that exceeds the "tax" may be carried over and added to the credit, if any, in succeeding years, until the credit is exhausted. The credit shall be applied first to the earliest taxable years possible. (g) (1) The amount of credit otherwise allowed under this section, including prior year credit carryovers, that may reduce the "tax" for the taxable year shall not exceed the amount of tax that would be imposed on the qualified taxpayer's business income attributed to a Manufacturing Enhancement Area determined as if that attributed income represented all of the net income of the qualified taxpayer subject to tax under this part. (2) Attributable income is that portion of the taxpayer's California source business income that is apportioned to the Manufacturing Enhancement Area. For that purpose, the taxpayer's business income attributable to sources in this state first shall be determined in accordance with Chapter 17 (commencing with Section 25101). That business income shall be further apportioned to the Manufacturing Enhancement Area in accordance with Article 2 (commencing with Section 25120) of Chapter 17, modified for purposes of this section in accordance with paragraph (3). (3) Income shall be apportioned to a Manufacturing Enhancement Area by multiplying the total California business income of the taxpayer by a fraction, the numerator of which is the property factor plus the payroll factor, and the denominator of which is two. For the purposes of this paragraph: (A) The property factor is a fraction, the numerator of which is the average value of the taxpayer's real and tangible personal property owned or rented and used in the Manufacturing Enhancement Area during the taxable year, and the denominator of which is the average value of all the taxpayer's real and tangible personal property owned or rented and used in this state during the taxable year. (B) The payroll factor is a fraction, the numerator of which is the total amount paid by the taxpayer in the Manufacturing Enhancement Area during the taxable year for compensation, and the denominator of which is the total compensation paid by the taxpayer in this state during the taxable year. (4) The portion of any credit remaining, if any, after application of this subdivision, shall be carried over to succeeding taxable years, as if it were an amount exceeding the "tax" for the taxable year, as provided in subdivision (g). (h) If the taxpayer is allowed a credit pursuant to this section for qualified wages paid or incurred, only one credit shall be allowed to the taxpayer under this part with respect to any wage consisting in whole or in part of those qualified wages. 23624. (a) There shall be allowed as a credit against the "tax" (as defined by Section 23036) an amount equal to 10 percent of the amount of wages paid or incurred during the taxable year to each prisoner who is employed in a joint venture program established pursuant to Article 1.5 of Chapter 5 of Title 1 of Part 3 of the Penal Code, through agreement with the Director of Corrections. (b) The Department of Corrections shall forward annually to the Franchise Tax Board a list of all employers certified by the Department of Corrections as active participants in a joint venture program pursuant to Article 1.5 (commencing with Section 2717.1) of Chapter 5 of Title 1 of Part 3 of the Penal Code. The list shall include the certified participant's federal employer identification number. 23630. (a) There shall be allowed as a credit against the "tax," as defined in Section 23036, an amount equal to 55 percent of the fair market value of any qualified contribution made on or after January 1, 2000, and not later than June 30, 2008, by the taxpayer during the taxable year to the state, any local government, or any designated nonprofit organization, pursuant to Division 28 (commencing with Section 37000) of the Public Resources Code. (b) For purposes of this section, "qualified contribution" means a contribution of property, as defined in Section 37002 of the Public Resources Code, that has been approved for acceptance by the Wildlife Conservation Board pursuant to Division 28 (commencing with Section 37000) of the Public Resources Code. (c) In the case of any passthrough entity, the fair market value of any qualified contribution approved for acceptance under Division 28 (commencing with Section 37000) of the Public Resources Code shall be passed through to the partners or shareholders of the passthrough entity in accordance with their interest in the passthrough entity as of the date of the qualified contribution. For purposes of this subdivision, the term "passthrough entity" means any partnership or "S" corporation. (d) If the credit allowed by this section exceeds the "tax," the excess may be carried over to reduce the "tax" in the following year, and the succeeding seven years if necessary, until the credit is exhausted. (e) This credit shall be in lieu of any other credit or deduction that the taxpayer may otherwise claim pursuant to this part with respect to the property or any interest therein that is contributed. 23633. (a) For each taxable year beginning on or after January 1, 1998, there shall be allowed as a credit against the "tax" (as defined by Section 23036) for the taxable year an amount equal to the sales or use tax paid or incurred during the taxable year by the qualified taxpayer in connection with the qualified taxpayer's purchase of qualified property. (b) For purposes of this section: (1) "Qualified property" means property that meets all of the following requirements: (A) Is any of the following: (i) Machinery and machinery parts used for fabricating, processing, assembling, and manufacturing. (ii) Machinery and machinery parts used for the production of renewable energy resources. (iii) Machinery and machinery parts used for either of the following: (I) Air pollution control mechanisms. (II) Water pollution control mechanisms. (iv) Data-processing and communications equipment, such as computers, computer-automated drafting systems, copy machines, telephone systems, and faxes. (v) Motion picture manufacturing equipment central to production and post production, such as cameras, audio recorders, and digital image and sound processing equipment. (B) The total cost of qualified property purchased and placed in service in any taxable year that may be taken into account by any qualified taxpayer for purposes of claiming this credit shall not exceed twenty million dollars ($20,000,000). (C) The qualified property is used by the qualified taxpayer exclusively in a targeted tax area. (D) The qualified property is purchased and placed in service before the date the targeted tax area designation expires, is revoked, is no longer binding, or becomes inoperative. (2) (A) "Qualified taxpayer" means a corporation that meets both of the following: (i) Is engaged in a trade or business within a targeted tax area designated pursuant to Chapter 12.93 (commencing with Section 7097) of Division 7 of Title 1 of the Government Code. (ii) Is engaged in those lines of business described in Codes 2000 to 2099, inclusive; 2200 to 3999, inclusive; 4200 to 4299, inclusive; 4500 to 4599, inclusive; and 4700 to 5199, inclusive, of the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) Manual published by the United States Office of Management and Budget, 1987 edition. (B) In the case of any pass-through entity, the determination of whether a taxpayer is a qualified taxpayer under this section shall be made at the entity level and any credit under this section or Section 17053.33 shall be allowed to the pass-through entity and passed through to the partners or shareholders in accordance with applicable provisions of this part or Part 10 (commencing with Section 17001). For purposes of this subparagraph, the term "pass-through entity" means any partnership or S corporation. (3) "Targeted tax area" means the area designated pursuant to Chapter 12.93 (commencing with Section 7097) of Division 7 of Title 1 of the Government Code. (c) If the qualified taxpayer is allowed a credit for qualified property pursuant to this section, only one credit shall be allowed to the taxpayer under this part with respect to that qualified property. (d) If the qualified taxpayer has purchased property upon which a use tax has been paid or incurred, the credit provided by this section shall be allowed only if qualified property of a comparable quality and price is not timely available for purchase in this state. (e) In the case where the credit otherwise allowed under this section exceeds the "tax" for the taxable year, that portion of the credit that exceeds the "tax" may be carried over and added to the credit, if any, in the following year, and succeeding years if necessary, until the credit is exhausted. The credit shall be applied first to the earliest taxable years possible. (f) Any qualified taxpayer who elects to be subject to this section shall not be entitled to increase the basis of the qualified property as otherwise required by Section 164(a) of the Internal Revenue Code with respect to sales or use tax paid or incurred in connection with the qualified taxpayer's purchase of qualified property. (g) (1) The amount of credit otherwise allowed under this section and Section 23634, including any credit carryover from prior years, that may reduce the "tax" for the taxable year shall not exceed the amount of tax that would be imposed on the qualified taxpayer's business income attributable to the targeted tax area determined as if that attributable income represented all of the income of the qualified taxpayer subject to tax under this part. (2) Attributable income shall be that portion of the taxpayer's California source business income that is apportioned to the targeted tax area. For that purpose, the taxpayer's business income attributable to sources in this state first shall be determined in accordance with Chapter 17 (commencing with Section 25101). That business income shall be further apportioned to the targeted tax area in accordance with Article 2 (commencing with Section 25120) of Chapter 17, modified for purposes of this section in accordance with paragraph (3). (3) Business income shall be apportioned to the targeted tax area by multiplying the total California business income of the taxpayer by a fraction, the numerator of which is the property factor plus the payroll factor, and the denominator of which is two. For purposes of this paragraph: (A) The property factor is a fraction, the numerator of which is the average value of the taxpayer's real and tangible personal property owned or rented and used in the targeted tax area during the taxable year and the denominator of which is the average value of all the taxpayer's real and tangible personal property owned or rented and used in this state during the taxable year. (B) The payroll factor is a fraction, the numerator of which is the total amount paid by the taxpayer in the targeted tax area during the taxable year for compensation, and the denominator of which is the total compensation paid by the taxpayer in this state during the taxable year. (4) The portion of any credit remaining, if any, after application of this subdivision, shall be carried over to succeeding taxable years, as if it were an amount exceeding the "tax" for the taxable year, as provided in subdivision (e). (5) In the event that a credit carryover is allowable under subdivision (e) for any taxable year after the targeted tax area designation has expired, has been revoked, is no longer binding, or has become inoperative, the targeted tax area shall be deemed to remain in existence for purposes of computing the limitation specified in this subdivision. (h) The changes made to this section by the act adding this subdivision shall apply to taxable years beginning on or after January 1, 1998. 23634. (a) For each taxable year beginning on or after January 1, 1998, there shall be allowed a credit against the "tax" (as defined by Section 23036) to a qualified taxpayer who employs a qualified employee in a targeted tax area during the taxable year. The credit shall be equal to the sum of each of the following: (1) Fifty percent of qualified wages in the first year of employment. (2) Forty percent of qualified wages in the second year of employment. (3) Thirty percent of qualified wages in the third year of employment. (4) Twenty percent of qualified wages in the fourth year of employment. (5) Ten percent of qualified wages in the fifth year of employment. (b) For purposes of this section: (1) "Qualified wages" means: (A) That portion of wages paid or incurred by the qualified taxpayer during the taxable year to qualified employees that does not exceed 150 percent of the minimum wage. (B) Wages received during the 60-month period beginning with the first day the employee commences employment with the qualified taxpayer. Reemployment in connection with any increase, including a regularly occurring seasonal increase, in the trade or business operations of the qualified taxpayer does not constitute commencement of employment for purposes of this section. (C) Qualified wages do not include any wages paid or incurred by the qualified taxpayer on or after the targeted tax area expiration date. However, wages paid or incurred with respect to qualified employees who are employed by the qualified taxpayer within the targeted tax area within the 60-month period prior to the targeted tax area expiration date shall continue to qualify for the credit under this section after the targeted tax area expiration date, in accordance with all provisions of this section applied as if the targeted tax area designation were still in existence and binding. (2) "Minimum wage" means the wage established by the Industrial Welfare Commission as provided for in Chapter 1 (commencing with Section 1171) of Part 4 of Division 2 of the Labor Code. (3) "Targeted tax area expiration date" means the date the targeted tax area designation expires, is revoked, is no longer binding, or becomes inoperative. (4) (A) "Qualified employee" means an individual who meets all of the following requirements: (i) At least 90 percent of his or her services for the qualified taxpayer during the taxable year are directly related to the conduct of the qualified taxpayer's trade or business located in a targeted tax area. (ii) Performs at least 50 percent of his or her services for the qualified taxpayer during the taxable year in a targeted tax area. (iii) Is hired by the qualified taxpayer after the date of original designation of the area in which services were performed as a targeted tax area. (iv) Is any of the following: (I) Immediately preceding the qualified employee's commencement of employment with the qualified taxpayer, was a person eligible for services under the federal Job Training Partnership Act (29 U.S.C. Sec. 1501 et seq.), or its successor, who is receiving, or is eligible to receive, subsidized employment, training, or services funded by the federal Job Training Partnership Act, or its successor. (II) Immediately preceding the qualified employee's commencement of employment with the qualified taxpayer, was a person eligible to be a voluntary or mandatory registrant under the Greater Avenues for Independence Act of 1985 (GAIN) provided for pursuant to Article 3.2 (commencing with Section 11320) of Chapter 2 of Part 3 of Division 9 of the Welfare and Institutions Code, or its successor. (III) Immediately preceding the qualified employee's commencement of employment with the qualified taxpayer, was an economically disadvantaged individual 14 years of age or older. (IV) Immediately preceding the qualified employee's commencement of employment with the qualified taxpayer, was a dislocated worker who meets any of the following: (aa) Has been terminated or laid off or who has received a notice of termination or layoff from employment, is eligible for or has exhausted entitlement to unemployment insurance benefits, and is unlikely to return to his or her previous industry or occupation. (bb) Has been terminated or has received a notice of termination of employment as a result of any permanent closure or any substantial layoff at a plant, facility, or enterprise, including an individual who has not received written notification but whose employer has made a public announcement of the closure or layoff. (cc) Is long-term unemployed and has limited opportunities for employment or reemployment in the same or a similar occupation in the area in which the individual resides, including an individual 55 years of age or older who may have substantial barriers to employment by reason of age. (dd) Was self-employed (including farmers and ranchers) and is unemployed as a result of general economic conditions in the community in which he or she resides or because of natural disasters. (ee) Was a civilian employee of the Department of Defense employed at a military installation being closed or realigned under the Defense Base Closure and Realignment Act of 1990. (ff) Was an active member of the armed forces or National Guard as of September 30, 1990, and was either involuntarily separated or separated pursuant to a special benefits program. (gg) Is a seasonal or migrant worker who experiences chronic seasonal unemployment and underemployment in the agriculture industry, aggravated by continual advancements in technology and mechanization. (hh) Has been terminated or laid off, or has received a notice of termination or layoff, as a consequence of compliance with the Clean Air Act. (V) Immediately preceding the qualified employee's commencement of employment with the qualified taxpayer, was a disabled individual who is eligible for or enrolled in, or has completed a state rehabilitation plan or is a service-connected disabled veteran, veteran of the Vietnam era, or veteran who is recently separated from military service. (VI) Immediately preceding the qualified employee's commencement of employment with the qualified taxpayer, was an ex-offender. An individual shall be treated as convicted if he or she was placed on probation by a state court without a finding of guilt. (VII) Immediately preceding the qualified employee's commencement of employment with the qualified taxpayer, was a person eligible for or a recipient of any of the following: (aa) Federal Supplemental Security Income benefits. (bb) Aid to Families with Dependent Children. (cc) Food stamps. (dd) State and local general assistance. (VIII) Immediately preceding the qualified employee's commencement of employment with the qualified taxpayer, was a member of a federally recognized Indian tribe, band, or other group of Native American descent. (IX) Immediately preceding the qualified employee's commencement of employment with the qualified taxpayer, was a resident of a targeted tax area. (X) Immediately preceding the qualified employee's commencement of employment with the taxpayer, was a member of a targeted group, as defined in Section 51(d) of the Internal Revenue Code, or its successor. (B) Priority for employment shall be provided to an individual who is enrolled in a qualified program under the federal Job Training Partnership Act or the Greater Avenues for Independence Act of 1985 or who is eligible as a member of a targeted group under the Work Opportunity Tax Credit (Section 51 of the Internal Revenue Code), or its successor. (5) (A) "Qualified taxpayer" means a person or entity that meets both of the following: (i) Is engaged in a trade or business within a targeted tax area designated pursuant to Chapter 12.93 (commencing with Section 7097) of Division 7 of Title 1 of the Government Code. (ii) Is engaged in those lines of business described in Codes 2000 to 2099, inclusive; 2200 to 3999, inclusive; 4200 to 4299, inclusive; 4500 to 4599, inclusive; and 4700 to 5199, inclusive, of the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) Manual published by the United States Office of Management and Budget, 1987 edition. (B) In the case of any pass-through entity, the determination of whether a taxpayer is a qualified taxpayer under this section shall be made at the entity level and any credit under this section or Section 17053.34 shall be allowed to the pass-through entity and passed through to the partners or shareholders in accordance with applicable provisions of this part or Part 10 (commencing with Section 17001). For purposes of this subparagraph, the term "pass-through entity" means any partnership or S corporation. (6) "Seasonal employment" means employment by a qualified taxpayer that has regular and predictable substantial reductions in trade or business operations. (c) If the qualified taxpayer is allowed a credit for qualified wages pursuant to this section, only one credit shall be allowed to the taxpayer under this part with respect to those qualified wages. (d) The qualified taxpayer shall do both of the following: (1) Obtain from either the Employment Development Department, as permitted by federal law, or the local county or city Job Training Partnership Act administrative entity or the local county GAIN office or social services agency, as appropriate, a certification that provides that a qualified employee meets the eligibility requirements specified in clause (iv) of subparagraph (A) of paragraph (4) of subdivision (b). The Employment Development Department may provide preliminary screening and referral to a certifying agency. The Employment Development Department shall develop a form for this purpose. (2) Retain a copy of the certification and provide it upon request to the Franchise Tax Board. (e) (1) For purposes of this section: (A) All employees of all corporations that are members of the same controlled group of corporations shall be treated as employed by a single taxpayer. (B) The credit, if any, allowable by this section to each member shall be determined by reference to its proportionate share of the expense of the qualified wages giving rise to the credit, and shall be allocated in that manner. (C) For purposes of this subdivision, "controlled group of corporations" means "controlled group of corporations" as defined in Section 1563(a) of the Internal Revenue Code, except that: (i) "More than 50 percent" shall be substituted for "at least 80 percent" each place it appears in Section 1563(a)(1) of the Internal Revenue Code. (ii) The determination shall be made without regard to subsections (a)(4) and (e)(3)(C) of Section 1563 of the Internal Revenue Code. (2) If an employer acquires the major portion of a trade or business of another employer (hereinafter in this paragraph referred to as the "predecessor") or the major portion of a separate unit of a trade or business of a predecessor, then, for purposes of applying this section (other than subdivision (f)) for any calendar year ending after that acquisition, the employment relationship between a qualified employee and an employer shall not be treated as terminated if the employee continues to be employed in that trade or business. (f) (1) (A) If the employment, other than seasonal employment, of any qualified employee with respect to whom qualified wages are taken into account under subdivision (a) is terminated by the qualified taxpayer at any time during the first 270 days of that employment (whether or not consecutive) or before the close of the 270th calendar day after the day in which that employee completes 90 days of employment with the qualified taxpayer, the tax imposed by this part for the taxable year in which that employment is terminated shall be increased by an amount equal to the credit allowed under subdivision (a) for that taxable year and all prior taxable years attributable to qualified wages paid or incurred with respect to that employee. (B) If the seasonal employment of any qualified employee, with respect to whom qualified wages are taken into account under subdivision (a) is not continued by the qualified taxpayer for a period of 270 days of employment during the 60-month period beginning with the day the qualified employee commences seasonal employment with the qualified taxpayer, the tax imposed by this part, for the taxable year that includes the 60th month following the month in which the qualified employee commences seasonal employment with the qualified taxpayer, shall be increased by an amount equal to the credit allowed under subdivision (a) for that taxable year and all prior taxable years attributable to qualified wages paid or incurred with respect to that qualified employee. (2) (A) Subparagraph (A) of paragraph (1) shall not apply to any of the following: (i) A termination of employment of a qualified employee who voluntarily leaves the employment of the qualified taxpayer. (ii) A termination of employment of a qualified employee who, before the close of the period referred to in subparagraph (A) of paragraph (1), becomes disabled and unable to perform the services of that employment, unless that disability is removed before the close of that period and the qualified taxpayer fails to offer reemployment to that employee. (iii) A termination of employment of a qualified employee, if it is determined that the termination was due to the misconduct (as defined in Sections 1256-30 to 1256-43, inclusive, of Title 22 of the California Code of Regulations) of that employee. (iv) A termination of employment of a qualified employee due to a substantial reduction in the trade or business operations of the taxpayer. (v) A termination of employment of a qualified employee, if that employee is replaced by other qualified employees so as to create a net increase in both the number of employees and the hours of employment. (B) Subparagraph (B) of paragraph (1) shall not apply to any of the following: (i) A failure to continue the seasonal employment of a qualified employee who voluntarily fails to return to the seasonal employment of the qualified taxpayer. (ii) A failure to continue the seasonal employment of a qualified employee who, before the close of the period referred to in subparagraph (B) of paragraph (1), becomes disabled and unable to perform the services of that seasonal employment, unless that disability is removed before the close of that period and the qualified taxpayer fails to offer seasonal employment to that qualified employee. (iii) A failure to continue the seasonal employment of a qualified employee, if it is determined that the failure to continue the seasonal employment was due to the misconduct (as defined in Sections 1256-30 to 1256-43, inclusive, of Title 22 of the California Code of Regulations) of that qualified employee. (iv) A failure to continue seasonal employment of a qualified employee due to a substantial reduction in the regular seasonal trade or business operations of the qualified taxpayer. (v) A failure to continue the seasonal employment of a qualified employee, if that qualified employee is replaced by other qualified employees so as to create a net increase in both the number of seasonal employees and the hours of seasonal employment. (C) For purposes of paragraph (1), the employment relationship between the qualified taxpayer and a qualified employee shall not be treated as terminated by either of the following: (i) By a transaction to which Section 381(a) of the Internal Revenue Code applies, if the qualified employee continues to be employed by the acquiring corporation. (ii) By reason of a mere change in the form of conducting the trade or business of the qualified taxpayer, if the qualified employee continues to be employed in that trade or business and the qualified taxpayer retains a substantial interest in that trade or business. (3) Any increase in tax under paragraph (1) shall not be treated as tax imposed by this part for purposes of determining the amount of any credit allowable under this part. (g) Rules similar to the rules provided in Sections 46(e) and (h) of the Internal Revenue Code shall apply to both of the following: (1) An organization to which Section 593 of the Internal Revenue Code applies. (2) A regulated investment company or a real estate investment trust subject to taxation under this part. (h) For purposes of this section, "targeted tax area" means an area designated pursuant to Chapter 12.93 (commencing with Section 7097) of Division 7 of Title 1 of the Government Code. (i) In the case where the credit otherwise allowed under this section exceeds the "tax" for the taxable year, that portion of the credit that exceeds the "tax" may be carried over and added to the credit, if any, in succeeding taxable years, until the credit is exhausted. The credit shall be applied first to the earliest taxable years possible. (j) (1) The amount of the credit otherwise allowed under this section and Section 23633, including any credit carryover from prior years, that may reduce the "tax" for the taxable year shall not exceed the amount of tax that would be imposed on the qualified taxpayer's business income attributable to the targeted tax area determined as if that attributable income represented all of the income of the qualified taxpayer subject to tax under this part. (2) Attributable income shall be that portion of the taxpayer's California source business income that is apportioned to the targeted tax area. For that purpose, the taxpayer's business income attributable to sources in this state first shall be determined in accordance with Chapter 17 (commencing with Section 25101). That business income shall be further apportioned to the targeted tax area in accordance with Article 2 (commencing with Section 25120) of Chapter 17, modified for purposes of this section in accordance with paragraph (3). (3) Business income shall be apportioned to the targeted tax area by multiplying the total California business income of the taxpayer by a fraction, the numerator of which is the property factor plus the payroll factor, and the denominator of which is two. For purposes of this paragraph: (A) The property factor is a fraction, the numerator of which is the average value of the taxpayer's real and tangible personal property owned or rented and used in the targeted tax area during the taxable year, and the denominator of which is the average value of all the taxpayer's real and tangible personal property owned or rented and used in this state during the taxable year. (B) The payroll factor is a fraction, the numerator of which is the total amount paid by the taxpayer in the targeted tax area during the taxable year for compensation, and the denominator of which is the total compensation paid by the taxpayer in this state during the taxable year. (4) The portion of any credit remaining, if any, after application of this subdivision, shall be carried over to succeeding taxable years, as if it were an amount exceeding the "tax" for the taxable year, as provided in subdivision (h). (5) In the event that a credit carryover is allowable under subdivision (h) for any taxable year after the targeted tax area designation has expired or been revoked, the targeted tax area shall be deemed to remain in existence for purposes of computing the limitation specified in this subdivision. 23636. (a) For each taxable year beginning on or after January 1, 2001, and before January 1, 2006, a qualified taxpayer shall be allowed as a credit against the "tax," as defined in Section 23036, an amount equal to the following: (1) Fifty percent of qualified wages paid or incurred during any taxable year beginning on or after January 1, 2001, and before January 1, 2002. (2) Forty percent of qualified wages paid or incurred during any taxable year beginning on or after January 1, 2002, and before January 1, 2003. (3) Thirty percent of the qualified wages paid or incurred during any taxable year beginning on or after January 1, 2003, and before January 1, 2004. (4) Twenty percent of the qualified wages paid or incurred during any taxable year beginning on or after January 1, 2004, and before January 1, 2005. (5) Ten percent of the qualified wages paid or incurred during any taxable year beginning on or after January 1, 2005, and before January 1, 2006. (b) For purposes of this section: (1) (A) "Qualified taxpayer" means any taxpayer under an initial contract or subcontract to manufacture property for ultimate use in a Joint Strike Fighter. (B) In the case of any pass-through entity, the determination of whether a taxpayer is a qualified taxpayer under this section shall be made at the entity level and any credit under this section or Section 17053.36 shall be allowed to the pass-through entity and passed through to the partners or shareholders in accordance with applicable provisions of Part 10 (commencing with Section 17001) or this part. For purposes of this paragraph, "pass-through entity" means any partnership or S corporation. (2) "Qualified wages" means that portion of wages paid or incurred by the qualified taxpayer during the taxable year with respect to qualified employees that are direct costs as defined in Section 263A of the Internal Revenue Code allocable to property manufactured in this state by the qualified taxpayer for ultimate use in a Joint Strike Fighter. (3) "Qualified employee" means an individual whose services for the qualified taxpayer are performed in this state and are at least 90 percent directly related to the qualified taxpayer's contract or subcontract to manufacture property for ultimate use in a Joint Strike Fighter. (4) "Joint Strike Fighter" means the next generation air combat strike aircraft developed and produced under the Joint Strike Fighter program. (5) "Joint Strike Fighter program" means the multiservice, multinational project conducted by the United States government to develop and produce the next generation of air combat strike aircraft. (c) The credit allowed by this section shall not exceed ten thousand dollars ($10,000) per year, per qualified employee. For employees that are qualified employees for part of a taxable year, the credit shall not exceed ten thousand dollars ($10,000) multiplied by a fraction, the numerator of which is the number of months of the taxable year that the employee is a qualified employee and the denominator of which is 12. (d) In the case where the credit allowed by this section exceeds the "tax," the excess may be carried over to reduce the "tax" in the following year, and the seven succeeding years if necessary, until the credit is exhausted. (e) No credit shall be allowed unless the credit is reflected within the bid upon which the qualified taxpayer's contract or subcontract to manufacture property for ultimate use in a Joint Strike Fighter is based by reducing the amount of the bid by the amount of the credit allowable. (f) All references to the credit and ultimate cost reductions incorporated into any successful bid that was awarded a contract or subcontract and for which a qualified taxpayer is making a claim shall be made available to the Franchise Tax Board upon request. (g) This section shall remain in effect only until December 1, 2006, and as of that date is repealed. 23637. (a) For each taxable year beginning on or after January 1, 2001, and before January 1, 2006, a qualified taxpayer shall be allowed as a credit against the "tax," as defined in Section 23036, an amount equal to 10 percent of the qualified cost of qualified property that is placed in service in this state. (b) (1) For purposes of this section, "qualified cost" means any costs that satisfy each of the following conditions: (A) Except as otherwise provided in this subparagraph, is a cost paid or incurred by the qualified taxpayer for the construction, reconstruction, or acquisition of qualified property on or after January 1, 2001, and before January 1, 2006. In the case of any qualified property constructed, reconstructed, or acquired by the qualified taxpayer (or any person related to the qualified taxpayer within the meaning of Section 267 or 707 of the Internal Revenue Code) pursuant to a binding contract in existence on or before January 1, 2001, costs paid pursuant to that contract shall be subject to allocation as follows. Contract costs shall be allocated to qualified property based on a ratio of costs actually paid prior to January 1, 2001, and total contract costs actually paid. "Cost paid" shall include, without limitation, contractual deposits and option payments. To the extent of costs allocated, whether or not currently deductible or depreciable for tax purposes, to a period prior to January 1, 2001, the cost shall be deemed allocated to property acquired before January 1, 2001, and is thus not a "qualified cost." (B) Except for capitalized labor costs as described in subparagraph (B) of paragraph (1) of subdivision (d), is an amount upon which the qualified taxpayer has paid, directly or indirectly, as a separately stated contract amount or as determined from the records of the qualified taxpayer, sales or use tax under Part 1 (commencing with Section 6001). (C) Is an amount properly chargeable to the capital account of the qualified taxpayer. (2) (A) For purposes of this subdivision, any contract entered into on or after January 1, 2001, that is a successor or replacement contract to a contract that was binding before January 1, 2001, shall be treated as a binding contract in existence before January 1, 2001. (B) If a successor or replacement contract is entered into on or after January 1, 2001, and the subject of the successor or replacement contract relates both to amounts for the construction, reconstruction, or acquisition of qualified property described in the original binding contract and to costs for the construction, reconstruction, or acquisition of qualified property not described in the original binding contract, then the portion of those amounts described in the successor or replacement contract that were not described in the original binding contract shall not be treated as costs paid or incurred pursuant to a binding contract in existence on or prior to January 1, 2001, under subparagraph (A) of paragraph (1). (3) (A) For purposes of this section, an option contract in existence before January 1, 2001, under which a qualified taxpayer (or any other person related to the qualified taxpayer within the meaning of Section 267 or 707 of the Internal Revenue Code) had an option to acquire qualified property, shall be treated as a binding contract under the rules in paragraph (2). For purposes of this subparagraph, an option contract shall not include an option under which the optionholder will forfeit an amount less than 10 percent of the fixed option price in the event the option is not exercised. (B) For purposes of this section, a contract shall be treated as binding even if the contract is subject to a condition. (c) (1) For purposes of this section, "qualified taxpayer" means any taxpayer under an initial contract or subcontract to manufacture property for ultimate use in a Joint Strike Fighter. (2) In the case of any passthrough entity, the determination of whether a taxpayer is a qualified taxpayer under this section shall be made at the entity level and any credit under this section or Section 17053.37 shall be allowed to the passthrough entity and passed through to the partners or shareholders in accordance with applicable provisions of Part 10 (commencing with Section 17001) or Part 11 (commencing with Section 23001). For purposes of this paragraph, the term "passthrough entity" means any partnership or S corporation. (3) The Franchise Tax Board may prescribe regulations to carry out the purposes of this section, including any regulations necessary to prevent the avoidance of the effect of this section through splitups, shell corporations, partnerships, tiered ownership structures, sale-leaseback transactions, or otherwise. (d) (1) For purposes of this section, "qualified property" means property that is described as either of the following: (A) Tangible personal property that is defined in Section 1245(a) (3)(A) of the Internal Revenue Code for use by a qualified taxpayer primarily in qualified activities to manufacture a product for ultimate use in a Joint Strike Fighter. (B) The value of any capitalized labor costs that are direct costs as defined in Section 263A of the Internal Revenue Code allocable to the construction or modification of property described in subparagraph (A). (2) Qualified property does not include any of the following: (A) Furniture. (B) Inventory. (C) Equipment used to store finished products that have completed the manufacturing process. (D) Any tangible personal property that is used in administration, general management, or marketing. (e) For purposes of this section: (1) "Fabricating" means to make, build, create, produce, or assemble components or property to work in a new or different manner. (2) "Joint Strike Fighter" means the next generation air combat strike aircraft developed and produced under the Joint Strike Fighter program. (3) "Joint Strike Fighter program" means the multiservice, multinational project conducted by the United States government to develop and produce the next generation of air combat strike aircraft. (4) "Manufacturing" means the activity of converting or conditioning property by changing the form, composition, quality, or character of the property for ultimate use in a Joint Strike Fighter. Manufacturing includes any improvements to tangible personal property that result in a greater service life or greater functionality than that of the original property. (5) "Primarily" means tangible personal property used 50 percent or more of the time in an activity described in subparagraph (A) of paragraph (1) of subdivision (d). (6) "Process" means the period beginning at the point at which any raw materials are received by the qualified taxpayer and introduced into the manufacturing, processing, or fabricating activity of the qualified taxpayer and ending at the point at which the manufacturing, processing, or fabricating activity of the qualified taxpayer has altered tangible personal property to its completed form, including packaging, if required. Raw materials shall be considered to have been introduced into the process when the raw materials are stored on the same premises where the qualified taxpayer's manufacturing, processing, or fabricating activity is conducted. Raw materials that are stored on premises other than where the qualified taxpayer's manufacturing, processing, or fabricating activity is conducted, shall not be considered to have been introduced into the manufacturing, processing, or fabricating process. (7) "Processing" means the physical application of the materials and labor necessary to modify or change the characteristics of property. (8) "Qualified activities" means manufacturing, processing, or fabricating of property, beginning at the point at which any raw materials are received by the qualified taxpayer and introduced into the process and ending at the point at which the manufacturing, processing, or fabricating has altered tangible personal property to its completed form, including packaging, if required. (f) The credit allowed under subdivision (a) shall apply to qualified property that is acquired by or subject to lease by a qualified taxpayer, subject to the following special rules: (1) A lessor of qualified property, irrespective of whether the lessor is a qualified taxpayer, shall not be allowed the credit provided under subdivision (a) with respect to any qualified property leased to another qualified taxpayer. (2) For purposes of paragraphs (2) and (3) of subdivision (b), "binding contract" includes any lease agreement with respect to the qualified property. (3) (A) For purposes of determining the qualified cost paid or incurred by a lessee in any leasing transaction that is not treated as a sale under Part 1 (commencing with Section 6001), the following rules shall apply: (i) Except as provided by subparagraph (C) of this paragraph, subparagraphs (A) and (C) of paragraph (1) of subdivision (b) shall not apply. (ii) Except as provided in subparagraph (B) and clause (iii), the "qualified cost" upon which the lessee shall compute the credit provided under this section shall be equal to the original cost to the lessor (within the meaning of Section 18031) of the qualified property that is the subject of the lease. (iii) The requirement of subparagraph (B) of paragraph (1) of subdivision (b) shall be treated as satisfied only if the lessor has made a timely election under either Section 6094.1 or subdivision (d) of Section 6244 and has paid sales tax reimbursement or use tax measured by the purchase price of the qualified property (within the meaning of paragraph (5) of subdivision (g) of Section 6006). For purposes of this subdivision, the amount of original cost to the lessor which may be taken into account under clause (ii) shall not exceed the purchase price upon which sales tax reimbursement or use tax has been paid under the preceding sentence. (B) For purposes of applying subparagraph (A) only, the following special rules shall apply: (i) The original cost to the lessor of the qualified property shall be reduced by the amount of any original cost of that property that was taken into account by a predecessor lessee in computing the credit allowable under this section. (ii) Clause (i) shall not apply in any case where the predecessor lessee was required to recapture the credit provided under this section pursuant to the provisions of subdivision (g). (iii) For purposes of this section only, in any case where a successor lessor has acquired qualified property from a predecessor lessor in a transaction not treated as a sale under Part 1 (commencing with Section 6001), the original cost to the successor lessor of the qualified property shall be reduced by the amount of the original cost of the qualified property that was taken into account by any lessee of the predecessor lessor in computing the credit allowable under this section. (C) In determining the original cost of any qualified property under this paragraph, only amounts paid or incurred by the lessor on or after January 1, 2001, and before January 1, 2006, shall be taken into account. In the case of any qualified property constructed, reconstructed, or acquired by a lessor pursuant to a binding contract in existence on or prior to January 1, 2001, the allocation rule specified in subparagraph (A) of paragraph (1) of subdivision (b) shall apply in determining the original cost to the lessor of qualified property. (D) Notwithstanding subparagraph (A), in the case of any leasing transaction for which the lessee is allowed the credit under this section and thereafter the lessee (or any party related to the lessee within the meaning of Section 267 or 318 of the Internal Revenue Code) acquires the qualified property from the lessor (or any successor lessor) within one year from the date the qualified property is first used by the lessee under the terms of the lease, the lessee's (or related party's) acquisition of the qualified property from the lessor (or successor lessor) shall be treated as a disposition by the lessee of the qualified property that was subject to the lease under subdivision (g). (4) For purposes of determining the qualified cost paid or incurred by a lessee in any leasing transaction that is treated as a sale under Part 1 (commencing with Section 6001), the following rules shall apply: (A) Subparagraph (A) of paragraph (1) of subdivision (b) shall be applied by substituting the term "purchase" for the term "construction, reconstruction, or acquisition." (B) Subparagraph (C) of paragraph (1) of subdivision (b) shall apply. (C) The requirement of subparagraph (B) of paragraph (1) of subdivision (b) shall be treated as satisfied at the time that either the lessor or the qualified taxpayer pays sales or use tax under Part 1 (commencing with Section 6001). (5) (A) In the case of any leasing transaction described in paragraph (3), the lessor shall provide a statement to the lessee specifying the amount of the lessor's original cost of the qualified property and the amount of that cost upon which a sales or use tax was paid within 45 days after the close of the lessee's taxable year in which the credit is allowable to the lessee under this section. (B) The statement required under subparagraph (A) shall be made available to the Franchise Tax Board upon request. (g) No credit shall be allowed if the qualified property is removed from the state, is disposed of to an unrelated party, or is used for any purpose not qualifying for the credit provided in this section in the same taxable year in which the taxpayer first places the qualified property in service in this state. If any qualified property for which a credit is allowed pursuant to this section is thereafter removed from this state, disposed of to an unrelated party, or used for any purpose not qualifying for the credit provided in this section within one year from the date the taxpayer first places the qualified property in service in this state, the amount of the credit allowed by this section for that qualified property shall be recaptured by adding that credit amount to the tax of the qualified taxpayer for the taxable year in which the qualified property is disposed of, removed, or put to an ineligible use. (h) In the case where the credit allowed by this section exceeds the "tax," the excess may be carried over to reduce the "tax" in the following year, and the seven succeeding years if necessary, until the credit is exhausted. (i) (1) No credit shall be allowed under this section if a credit is claimed under Section 23649 in connection with the same property. (2) No credit shall be allowed unless the credit is reflected within the bid upon which the qualified taxpayer's contract or subcontract to manufacture property for ultimate use in a Joint Strike Fighter is based by reducing the amount of the bid by the amount of the credit allowable. (j) All references to the credit and ultimate cost reductions incorporated into any successful bid that was awarded a contract or subcontract and for which a qualified taxpayer is making a claim shall be made available to the Franchise Tax Board upon request. (k) This section shall remain in effect only until December 1, 2006, and as of that date is repealed. 23642. (a) For each taxable year beginning on or after January 1, 1996, there shall be allowed as a credit against the "tax," as defined in Section 23036, the amount paid or incurred for eligible access expenditures. The credit shall be allowed in accordance with Section 44 of the Internal Revenue Code, relating to expenditures to provide access to disabled individuals, except that the credit amount specified in subdivision (b) shall be substituted for the credit amount specified in Section 44(a) of the Internal Revenue Code. (b) The credit amount allowed under this section shall be 50 percent of so much of the eligible access expenditures for the taxable year as do not exceed two hundred fifty dollars ($250). (c) In the case where the credit allowed by this section exceeds the "tax," the excess may be carried over to reduce the "tax" in the following year, and succeeding years if necessary, until the credit is exhausted. 23645. (a) For each taxable year beginning on or after January 1, 1995, there shall be allowed as a credit against the "tax" (as defined by Section 23036) for the taxable year an amount equal to the sales or use tax paid or incurred by the taxpayer in connection with the purchase of qualified property to the extent that the qualified property does not exceed a value of twenty million dollars ($20,000,000). (b) For purposes of this section: (1) "LAMBRA" means a local agency military base recovery area designated in accordance with Section 7114 of the Government Code. (2) "Taxpayer" means a corporation that conducts a trade or business within a LAMBRA and, for the first two taxable years, has a net increase in jobs (defined as 2,000 paid hours per employee per year) of one or more employees in the LAMBRA. (A) The net increase in the number of jobs shall be determined by subtracting the total number of full-time employees (defined as 2,000 paid hours per employee per year) the taxpayer employed in this state in the taxable year prior to commencing business operations in the LAMBRA from the total number of full-time employees the taxpayer employed in this state during the second taxable year after commencing business operations in the LAMBRA. For taxpayers who commence doing business in this state with their LAMBRA business operation, the number of employees for the taxable year prior to commencing business operations in the LAMBRA shall be zero. If the taxpayer has a net increase in jobs in the state, the credit shall be allowed only if one or more full-time employees is employed within the LAMBRA. (B) The total number of employees employed in the LAMBRA shall equal the sum of both of the following: (i) The total number of hours worked in the LAMBRA for the taxpayer by employees (not to exceed 2,000 hours per employee) who are paid an hourly wage divided by 2,000. (ii) The total number of months worked in the LAMBRA for the taxpayer by employees that are salaried employees divided by 12. (C) In the case of a taxpayer who first commences doing business in the LAMBRA during the taxable year, for purposes of clauses (i) and (ii), respectively, of subparagraph (B) the divisors "2,000" and "12" shall be multiplied by a fraction, the numerator of which is the number of months of the taxable year that the taxpayer was doing business in the LAMBRA and the denominator of which is 12. (3) "Qualified property" means property that is each of the following: (A) Purchased by the taxpayer for exclusive use in a trade or business conducted within a LAMBRA. (B) Purchased before the date the LAMBRA designation expires, is no longer binding, or becomes inoperative. (C) Any of the following: (i) High technology equipment, including, but not limited to, computers and electronic processing equipment. (ii) Aircraft maintenance equipment, including, but not limited to, engine stands, hydraulic mules, power carts, test equipment, handtools, aircraft start carts, and tugs. (iii) Aircraft components, including, but not limited to, engines, fuel control units, hydraulic pumps, avionics, starts, wheels, and tires. (iv) Section 1245 property, as defined in Section 1245(a)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code. (c) The credit provided under subdivision (a) shall only be allowed for qualified property manufactured in California unless qualified property of a comparable quality and price is not available for timely purchase and delivery from a California manufacturer. (d) In the case where the credit otherwise allowed under this section exceeds the "tax" for the taxable year, that portion of the credit which exceeds the "tax" may be carried over and added to the credit, if any, in succeeding years, until the credit is exhausted. The credit shall be applied first to the earliest taxable years possible. (e) Any taxpayer who elects to be subject to this section shall not be entitled to increase the basis of the property as otherwise required by Section 164(a) of the Internal Revenue Code with respect to sales or use tax paid or incurred in connection with the purchase of qualified property. (f) (1) The amount of the credit otherwise allowed under this section and Section 23646, including any credit carryovers from prior years, that may reduce the "tax" for the taxable year shall not exceed the amount of tax that would be imposed on the taxpayer's business income attributed to a LAMBRA determined as if that attributable income represented all the income of the taxpayer subject to tax under this part. (2) Attributable income shall be that portion of the taxpayer's California source business income that is apportioned to the LAMBRA. For that purpose, the taxpayer's business income that is attributable to sources in this state shall first be determined in accordance with Chapter 17 (commencing with Section 25101). That business income shall be further apportioned to the LAMBRA in accordance with Article 2 (commencing with Section 25120) of Chapter 17, modified for purposes of this section in accordance with paragraph (3). (3) Income shall be apportioned to a LAMBRA by multiplying the total California business income of the taxpayer by a fraction, the numerator of which is the property factor, plus the payroll factor, and the denominator of which is two. For purposes of this paragraph: (A) The property factor is a fraction, the numerator of which is the average value of the taxpayer's real and tangible personal property owned or rented and used in the LAMBRA during the taxable year, and the denominator of which is the average value of all the taxpayer's real and tangible personal property owned or rented and used in this state during the taxable year. (B) The payroll factor is a fraction, the numerator of which is the total amount paid by the taxpayer in the LAMBRA during the taxable year for compensation, and the denominator of which is the total compensation paid by the taxpayer in this state during the taxable year. (4) The portion of any credit remaining, if any, after application of this subdivision, shall be carried over to succeeding taxable years, as if it were an amount exceeding the "tax" for the taxable year, as provided in subdivision (d). (g) (1) If the qualified property is disposed of or no longer used by the taxpayer in the LAMBRA, at any time before the close of the second taxable year after the property is placed in service, the amount of the credit previously claimed, with respect to that property, shall be added to the taxpayer's tax liability in the taxable year of that disposition or nonuse. (2) At the close of the second taxable year, if the taxpayer has not increased the number of its employees as determined by paragraph (2) of subdivision (b), then the amount of the credit previously claimed shall be added to the taxpayer's tax for the taxpayer's second taxable year. (h) If the taxpayer is allowed a credit for qualified property pursuant to this section, only one credit shall be allowed to the taxpayer under this part with respect to that qualified property. (i) The amendments made to this section by the act adding this subdivision shall apply to taxable years beginning on or after January 1, 1998. 23646. (a) For each taxable year beginning on or after January 1, 1995, there shall be allowed as a credit against the "tax" (as defined in Section 23036) to a qualified taxpayer for hiring a qualified disadvantaged individual or a qualified displaced employee during the taxable year for employment in the LAMBRA. The credit shall be equal to the sum of each of the following: (1) Fifty percent of the qualified wages in the first year of employment. (2) Forty percent of the qualified wages in the second year of employment. (3) Thirty percent of the qualified wages in the third year of employment. (4) Twenty percent of the qualified wages in the fourth year of employment. (5) Ten percent of the qualified wages in the fifth year of employment. (b) For purposes of this section: (1) "Qualified wages" means: (A) That portion of wages paid or incurred by the employer during the taxable year to qualified disadvantaged individuals or qualified displaced employees that does not exceed 150 percent of the minimum wage. (B) The total amount of qualified wages which may be taken into account for purposes of claiming the credit allowed under this section shall not exceed two million dollars ($2,000,000) per taxable year. (C) Wages received during the 60-month period beginning with the first day the individual commences employment with the taxpayer. Reemployment in connection with any increase, including a regularly occurring seasonal increase, in the trade or business operation of the qualified taxpayer does not constitute commencement of employment for purposes of this section. (D) Qualified wages do not include any wages paid or incurred by the qualified taxpayer on or after the LAMBRA expiration date. However, wages paid or incurred with respect to qualified disadvantaged individuals or qualified displaced employees who are employed by the qualified taxpayer within the LAMBRA within the 60-month period prior to the LAMBRA expiration date shall continue to qualify for the credit under this section after the LAMBRA expiration date, in accordance with all provisions of this section applied as if the LAMBRA designation were still in existence and binding. (2) "Minimum wage" means the wage established by the Industrial Welfare Commission as provided for in Chapter 1 (commencing with Section 1171) of Part 4 of Division 2 of the Labor Code. (3) "LAMBRA" means a local agency military base recovery area designated in accordance with the provisions of Section 7114 of the Government Code. (4) "Qualified disadvantaged individual" means an individual who satisfies all of the following requirements: (A) (i) At least 90 percent of whose services for the taxpayer during the taxable year are directly related to the conduct of the taxpayer's trade or business located in a LAMBRA. (ii) Who performs at least 50 percent of his or her services for the taxpayer during the taxable year in the LAMBRA. (B) Who is hired by the employer after the designation of the area as a LAMBRA in which the individual's services were primarily performed. (C) Who is any of the following immediately preceding the individual's commencement of employment with the taxpayer: (i) An individual who has been determined eligible for services under the federal Job Training Partnership Act (29 U.S.C. Sec. 1501 et seq.), or its successor. (ii) Any voluntary or mandatory registrant under the Greater Avenues for Independence Act of 1985 provided for pursuant to Article 3.2 (commencing with Section 11320) of Chapter 2 of Part 3 of Division 9 of the Welfare and Institutions Code. (iii) An economically disadvantaged individual age 16 years or older. (iv) A dislocated worker who meets any of the following conditions: (I) Has been terminated or laid off or who has received a notice of termination or layoff from employment, is eligible for or has exhausted entitlement to unemployment insurance benefits, and is unlikely to return to his or her previous industry or occupation. (II) Has been terminated or has received a notice of termination of employment as a result of any permanent closure or any substantial layoff at a plant, facility, or enterprise, including an individual who has not received written notification but whose employer has made a public announcement of such a closure or layoff. (III) Is long-term unemployed and has limited opportunities for employment or reemployment in the same or a similar occupation in the area in which the individual resides, including an individual 55 years of age or older who may have substantial barriers to employment by reason of age. (IV) Was self-employed (including farmers and ranchers) and is unemployed as a result of general economic conditions in the community in which he or she resides or because of natural disasters. (V) Was a civilian employee of the Department of Defense employed at a military installation being closed or realigned under the Defense Base Closure and Realignment Act of 1990. (VI) Was an active member of the Armed Forces or National Guard as of September 30, 1990, and was either involuntarily separated or separated pursuant to a special benefits program. (VII) Experiences chronic seasonal unemployment and underemployment in the agriculture industry, aggravated by continual advancements in technology and mechanization. (VIII) Has been terminated or laid off or has received a notice of termination or layoff as a consequence of compliance with the Clean Air Act. (v) An individual who is enrolled in or has completed a state rehabilitation plan or is a service-connected disabled veteran, veteran of the Vietnam era, or veteran who is recently separated from military service. (vi) An ex-offender. An individual shall be treated as convicted if he or she was placed on probation by a state court without a finding of guilty. (vii) A recipient of: (I) Federal Supplemental Security Income benefits. (II) Aid to Families with Dependent Children. (III) Food stamps. (IV) State and local general assistance. (viii) Is a member of a federally recognized Indian tribe, band, or other group of Native American descent. (5) "Qualified taxpayer" means a corporation that conducts a trade or business within a LAMBRA and, for the first two taxable years, has a net increase in jobs (defined as 2,000 paid hours per employee per year) of one or more employees as determined below in the LAMBRA. (A) The net increase in the number of jobs shall be determined by subtracting the total number of full-time employees (defined as 2,000 paid hours per employee per year) the taxpayer employed in this state in the taxable year prior to commencing business operations in the LAMBRA from the total number of full-time employees the taxpayer employed in this state during the second taxable year after commencing business operations in the LAMBRA. For taxpayers who commence doing business in this state with their LAMBRA business operation, the number of employees for the taxable year prior to commencing business operations in the LAMBRA shall be zero. If the taxpayer has a net increase in jobs in the state, the credit shall be allowed only if one or more full-time employees is employed within the LAMBRA. (B) The total number of employees employed in the LAMBRA shall equal the sum of both of the following: (i) The total number of hours worked in the LAMBRA for the taxpayer by employees (not to exceed 2,000 hours per employee) who are paid an hourly wage divided by 2,000. (ii) The total number of months worked in the LAMBRA for the taxpayer by employees who are salaried employees divided by 12. (C) In the case of a qualified taxpayer that first commences doing business in the LAMBRA during the taxable year, for purposes of clauses (i) and (ii), respectively, of subparagraph (B) the divisors "2,000" and "12" shall be multiplied by a fraction, the numerator of which is the number of months of the taxable year that the taxpayer was doing business in the LAMBRA and the denominator of which is 12. (6) "Qualified displaced employee" means an individual who satisfies all of the following requirements: (A) Any civilian or military employee of a base or former base that has been displaced as a result of a federal base closure act. (B) (i) At least 90 percent of whose services for the taxpayer during the taxable year are directly related to the conduct of the taxpayer's trade or business located in a LAMBRA. (ii) Who performs at least 50 percent of his or her services for the taxpayer during the taxable year in a LAMBRA. (C) Who is hired by the employer after the designation of the area in which services were performed as a LAMBRA. (7) "Seasonal employment" means employment by a qualified taxpayer that has regular and predictable substantial reductions in trade or business operations. (8) "LAMBRA expiration date" means the date the LAMBRA designation expires, is no longer binding, or becomes inoperative. (c) For qualified disadvantaged individuals or qualified displaced employees hired on or after January 1, 2001, the taxpayer shall do both of the following: (1) Obtain from either the Employment Development Department, as permitted by federal law, the administrative entity of the local county or city for the federal Job Training Partnership Act, or its successor, the local county GAIN office, or social services agency, as appropriate, a certification that provides that a qualified disadvantaged individual or qualified displaced employee meets the eligibility requirements specified in subparagraph (C) of paragraph (4) of subdivision (b) or subparagraph (A) of paragraph (6) of subdivision (b). The Employment Development Department may provide preliminary screening and referral to a certifying agency. The Employment Development Department shall develop a form for this purpose. (2) Retain a copy of the certification and provide it upon request to the Franchise Tax Board. (d) (1) For purposes of this section, both of the following apply: (A) All employees of all corporations that are members of the same controlled group of corporations shall be treated as employed by a single employer. (B) The credit (if any) allowable by this section to each member shall be determined by reference to its proportionate share of the qualified wages giving rise to the credit. (2) For purposes of this subdivision, "controlled group of corporations" has the meaning given to that term by Section 1563(a) of the Internal Revenue Code, except that both of the following apply: (A) "More than 50 percent" shall be substituted for "at least 80 percent" each place it appears in Section 1563(a)(1) of the Internal Revenue Code. (B) The determination shall be made without regard to Section 1563 (a)(4) and Section 1563(e)(3)(C) of the Internal Revenue Code. (3) If an employer acquires the major portion of a trade or business of another employer (hereinafter in this paragraph referred to as the "predecessor") or the major portion of a separate unit of a trade or business of a predecessor, then, for purposes of applying this section (other than subdivision (e)) for any calendar year ending after that acquisition, the employment relationship between an employee and an employer shall not be treated as terminated if the employee continues to be employed in that trade or business. (e) (1) (A) If the employment of any employee, other than seasonal employment, with respect to whom qualified wages are taken into account under subdivision (a) is terminated by the taxpayer at any time during the first 270 days of that employment (whether or not consecutive) or before the close of the 270th calendar day after the day in which that employee completes 90 days of employment with the taxpayer, the tax imposed by this part for the taxable year in which that employment is terminated shall be increased by an amount equal to the credit allowed under subdivision (a) for that taxable year and all prior income years attributable to qualified wages paid or incurred with respect to that employee. (B) If the seasonal employment of any qualified disadvantaged individual, with respect to whom qualified wages are taken into account under subdivision (a) is not continued by the qualified taxpayer for a period of 270 days of employment during the 60-month period beginning with the day the qualified disadvantaged individual commences seasonal employment with the qualified taxpayer, the tax imposed by this part, for the taxable year that includes the 60th month following the month in which the qualified disadvantaged individual commences seasonal employment with the qualified taxpayer, shall be increased by an amount equal to the credit allowed under subdivision (a) for that taxable year and all prior taxable years attributable to qualified wages paid or incurred with respect to that qualified disadvantaged individual. (2) (A) Subparagraph (A) of paragraph (1) shall not apply to any of the following: (i) A termination of employment of an employee who voluntarily leaves the employment of the taxpayer. (ii) A termination of employment of an individual who, before the close of the period referred to in paragraph (1), becomes disabled to perform the services of that employment, unless that disability is removed before the close of that period and the taxpayer fails to offer reemployment to that individual. (iii) A termination of employment of an individual, if it is determined that the termination was due to the misconduct (as defined in Sections 1256-30 to 1256-43, inclusive, of Title 22 of the California Code of Regulations) of that individual. (iv) A termination of employment of an individual due to a substantial reduction in the trade or business operations of the taxpayer. (v) A termination of employment of an individual, if that individual is replaced by other qualified employees so as to create a net increase in both the number of employees and the hours of employment. (B) Subparagraph (B) of paragraph (1) shall not apply to any of the following: (i) A failure to continue the seasonal employment of a qualified disadvantaged individual who voluntarily fails to return to the seasonal employment of the qualified taxpayer. (ii) A failure to continue the seasonal employment of a qualified disadvantaged individual who, before the close of the period referred to in subparagraph (B) of paragraph (1), becomes disabled and unable to perform the services of that seasonal employment, unless that disability is removed before the close of that period and the qualified taxpayer fails to offer seasonal employment to that qualified disadvantaged individual. (iii) A failure to continue the seasonal employment of a qualified disadvantaged individual, if it is determined that the failure to continue the seasonal employment was due to the misconduct (as defined in Sections 1256-30 to 1256-43, inclusive, of Title 22 of the California Code of Regulations) of that individual. (iv) A failure to continue seasonal employment of a qualified disadvantaged individual due to a substantial reduction in the regular seasonal trade or business operations of the qualified taxpayer. (v) A failure to continue the seasonal employment of a qualified disadvantaged individual, if that individual is replaced by other qualified disadvantaged individuals so as to create a net increase in both the number of seasonal employees and the hours of seasonal employment. (C) For purposes of paragraph (1), the employment relationship between the taxpayer and an employee shall not be treated as terminated by either of the following: (i) A transaction to which Section 381(a) of the Internal Revenue Code applies, if the employee continues to be employed by the acquiring corporation. (ii) A mere change in the form of conducting the trade or business of the taxpayer, if the employee continues to be employed in that trade or business and the taxpayer retains a substantial interest in that trade or business. (3) Any increase in tax under paragraph (1) shall not be treated as tax imposed by this part for purposes of determining the amount of any credit allowable under this part. (4) At the close of the second taxable year, if the taxpayer has not increased the number of its employees as determined by paragraph (5) of subdivision (b), then the amount of the credit previously claimed shall be added to the taxpayer's tax for the taxpayer's second taxable year. (f) In the case of an organization to which Section 593 of the Internal Revenue Code applies, and a regulated investment company or a real estate investment trust subject to taxation under this part, rules similar to the rules provided in Section 46(e) and Section 46 (h) of the Internal Revenue Code shall apply. (g) The credit shall be reduced by the credit allowed under Section 23621. The credit shall also be reduced by the federal credit allowed under Section 51 of the Internal Revenue Code. In addition, any deduction otherwise allowed under this part for the wages or salaries paid or incurred by the taxpayer upon which the credit is based shall be reduced by the amount of the credit, prior to any reduction required by subdivision (h) or (i). (h) In the case where the credit otherwise allowed under this section exceeds the "tax" for the taxable year, that portion of the credit that exceeds the "tax" may be carried over and added to the credit, if any, in succeeding years, until the credit is exhausted. The credit shall be applied first to the earliest taxable years possible. (i) (1) The amount of credit otherwise allowed under this section and Section 23645, including any prior year carryovers, that may reduce the "tax" for the taxable year shall not exceed the amount of tax that would be imposed on the taxpayer's business income attributed to a LAMBRA determined as if that attributed income represented all of the income of the taxpayer subject to tax under this part. (2) Attributable income shall be that portion of the taxpayer's California source business income that is apportioned to the LAMBRA. For that purpose, the taxpayer's business income that is attributable to sources in this state first shall be determined in accordance with Chapter 17 (commencing with Section 25101). That business income shall be further apportioned to the LAMBRA in accordance with Article 2 (commencing with Section 25120) of Chapter 17, modified for purposes of this section in accordance with paragraph (3). (3) Income shall be apportioned to a LAMBRA by multiplying the total California business income of the taxpayer by a fraction, the numerator of which is the property factor plus the payroll factor, and the denominator of which is two. For purposes of this paragraph: (A) The property factor is a fraction, the numerator of which is the average value of the taxpayer's real and tangible personal property owned or rented and used in the LAMBRA during the taxable year, and the denominator of which is the average value of all the taxpayer's real and tangible personal property owned or rented and used in this state during the taxable year. (B) The payroll factor is a fraction, the numerator of which is the total amount paid by the taxpayer in the LAMBRA during the taxable year for compensation, and the denominator of which is the total compensation paid by the taxpayer in this state during the taxable year. (4) The portion of any credit remaining, if any, after application of this subdivision, shall be carried over to succeeding taxable years, as if it were an amount exceeding the "tax" for the taxable year, as provided in subdivision (h). (j) If the taxpayer is allowed a credit pursuant to this section for qualified wages paid or incurred, only one credit shall be allowed to the taxpayer under this part with respect to any wage consisting in whole or in part of those qualified wages. 23649. (a) (1) A qualified taxpayer shall be allowed a credit against the "tax," as defined in Section 23036, equal to 6 percent of the qualified cost of qualified property that is placed in service in this state. (2) In the case of any qualified costs paid or incurred on or after January 1, 1994, and prior to the first taxable year of the qualified taxpayer beginning on or after January 1, 1995, the credit provided under paragraph (1) shall be claimed by the qualified taxpayer on the qualified taxpayer's return for the first taxable year beginning on or after January 1, 1995. No credit shall be claimed under this section on a return filed for any taxable year commencing prior to the qualified taxpayer's first taxable year beginning on or after January 1, 1995. (b) (1) For purposes of this section, "qualified cost" means any cost that satisfies each of the following conditions: (A) Except as otherwise provided in this subparagraph, is a cost paid or incurred by the qualified taxpayer for the construction, reconstruction, or acquisition of qualified property on or after January 1, 1994, and prior to the date this section ceases to be operative under paragraph (2) of subdivision (i). In the case of any qualified property constructed, reconstructed, or acquired by the qualified taxpayer (or any person related to the qualified taxpayer within the meaning of Section 267 or 707 of the Internal Revenue Code) pursuant to a binding contract in existence on or prior to January 1, 1994, costs paid pursuant to that contract shall be subject to allocation as follows: contract costs shall be allocated to qualified property based on a ratio of costs actually paid prior to January 1, 1994, and total contract costs actually paid. "Cost paid" shall include, without limitation, contractual deposits and option payments. To the extent of cost allocated, whether or not currently deductible or depreciable for tax purposes, to a period prior to January 1, 1994, the cost shall be deemed allocated to property acquired before January 1, 1994, and is thus not a "qualified cost." (B) Except as provided in paragraph (3) of subdivision (d) and subparagraph (B) of paragraph (4) of subdivision (d), is an amount upon which the qualified taxpayer has paid, directly or indirectly as a separately stated contract amount or as determined from the records of the qualified taxpayer, sales or use tax under Part 1 (commencing with Section 6001). (C) Is an amount properly chargeable to the capital account of the qualified taxpayer. (2) (A) For purposes of this subdivision, any contract entered into on or after January 1, 1994, that is a successor or replacement contract to a contract that was binding prior to January 1, 1994, shall be treated as a binding contract in existence prior to January 1, 1994. (B) If a successor or replacement contract is entered into on or after January 1, 1994, and the subject of the successor or replacement contract relates both to amounts for the construction, reconstruction, or acquisition of qualified property described in the original binding contract and to costs for the construction, reconstruction, or acquisition of qualified property not described in the original binding contract, then the portion of those amounts described in the successor or replacement contract that were not described in the original binding contract shall not be treated as costs paid or incurred pursuant to a binding contract in existence on or prior to January 1, 1994, under subparagraph (A) of paragraph (1). (3) (A) For purposes of this section, an option contract in existence prior to January 1, 1994, under which a qualified taxpayer (or any other person related to the qualified taxpayer within the meaning of Section 267 or 707 of the Internal Revenue Code) had an option to acquire qualified property, shall be treated as a binding contract under the rules in paragraph (2). For purposes of this subparagraph, an option contract shall not include an option under which the optionholder will forfeit an amount less than 10 percent of the fixed option price in the event the option is not exercised. (B) For purposes of this section, a contract shall be treated as binding even if the contract is subject to a condition. (4) For purposes of this subdivision, in the case of any qualified taxpayer engaged in those lines of business described in Codes 7371 to 7373, inclusive, of the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) Manual published by the United States Office of Management and Budget, 1987 edition, "the first taxable year beginning on or after January 1, 1998," shall be substituted for "January 1, 1994," in each place in which it appears. (c) (1) For purposes of this section, "qualified taxpayer" means any taxpayer engaged in those lines of business described in Codes 2011 to 3999, inclusive, or Codes 7371 to 7373, inclusive, of the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) Manual published by the United States Office of Management and Budget, 1987 edition. (2) In the case of any passthrough entity, the determination of whether a taxpayer is a qualified taxpayer shall be made at the entity level and any credit under this section or Section 17053.49 shall be allowed to the passthrough entity and passed through to the partners or shareholders in accordance with applicable provisions of Part 10 (commencing with Section 17001) or Part 11 (commencing with Section 23001). For purposes of this paragraph, the term "passthrough entity" means any partnership or S corporation. (3) The Franchise Tax Board may prescribe regulations to carry out the purposes of this section, including any regulations necessary to prevent the avoidance of the effect of this section through splitups, shell corporations, partnerships, tiered ownership structures, sale-leaseback transactions, or otherwise. (d) For purposes of this section, "qualified property" means property that is described as either of the following: (1) Tangible personal property that is defined in Section 1245(a) of the Internal Revenue Code for use by a qualified taxpayer in those lines of business described in Codes 2011 to 3999, inclusive, of the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) Manual published by the United States Office of Management and Budget, 1987 edition, that is primarily used for any of the following: (A) For the manufacturing, processing, refining, fabricating, or recycling of property, beginning at the point at which any raw materials are received by the qualified taxpayer and introduced into the process and ending at the point at which the manufacturing, processing, refining, fabricating, or recycling has altered tangible personal property to its completed form, including packaging, if required. (B) In research and development. (C) To maintain, repair, measure, or test any property described in this paragraph. (D) For pollution control that meets or exceeds standards established by the state or by any local or regional governmental agency within the state. (E) For recycling. (2) Computers and computer peripheral equipment, as defined in Section 168(i)(2)(B) of the Internal Revenue Code, that is tangible personal property as defined in Section 1245(a) of the Internal Revenue Code for use by a qualified taxpayer in those lines of business described in SIC Codes 7371 to 7373, inclusive, of the SIC Manual, 1987 edition, that is primarily used to develop or manufacture prepackaged software or custom software prepared to the special order of the purchaser who uses the program to produce and sell or license copies of the program as prepackaged software. (3) The value of any capitalized labor costs that are directly allocable to the construction or modification of property described in paragraph (1) or (2). (4) In the case of any qualified taxpayer engaged in manufacturing activities described in SIC Code 357 or 367, those activities related to biotechnology described in SIC Code 8731, those activities related to biopharmaceutical establishments only that are described in SIC Codes 2833 to 2836, inclusive, those activities related to space vehicles and parts described in SIC Codes 3761 to 3769, inclusive, those activities related to space satellites and communications satellites and equipment described in SIC Codes 3663 and 3812 (but only with respect to "qualified property" that is placed in service on or after January 1, 1996), or those activities related to semiconductor equipment manufacturing described in SIC Code 3559 (but only with respect to "qualified property" that is placed in service on or after January 1, 1997), "qualified property" also includes the following: (A) Special purpose buildings and foundations that are constructed or modified for use by the qualified taxpayer primarily in a manufacturing, processing, refining, or fabricating process, or as a research or storage facility primarily used in connection with a manufacturing process. (B) The value of any capitalized labor costs that are directly allocable to the construction or modification of special purpose buildings and foundations that are used primarily in the manufacturing, processing, refining, or fabricating process, or as a research or storage facility primarily used in connection with a manufacturing process. (C) (i) For purposes of this paragraph, "special purpose building and foundation" means only a building and the foundation immediately underlying the building that is specifically designed and constructed or reconstructed for the installation, operation, and use of specific machinery and equipment with a special purpose, which machinery and equipment, after installation, will become affixed to or a fixture of the real property, and the construction or reconstruction of which is specifically designed and used exclusively for the specified purposes as set forth in subparagraph (A) (" qualified purpose"). (ii) A building is specifically designed and constructed or modified for a qualified purpose if it is not economical to design and construct the building for the intended purpose and then use the structure for a different purpose. (iii) For purposes of clause (i) and clause (vi), a building is used exclusively for a qualified purpose only if its use does not include a use for which it was not specifically designed and constructed or modified. Incidental use of a building for nonqualified purposes does not preclude the building from being a special purpose building. "Incidental use" means a use which is both related and subordinate to the qualified purpose. It will be conclusively presumed that a use is not subordinate if more than one-third of the total usable volume of the building is devoted to a use which is not a qualified purpose. (iv) In the event an entire building does not qualify as a special purpose building, a taxpayer may establish that a portion of a building, and the foundation immediately underlying the portion, qualifies for treatment as a special purpose building and foundation if the portion satisfies all of the definitional provisions in this subparagraph. (v) To the extent that a building is not a special purpose building as defined above, but a portion of the building qualifies for treatment as a special purpose building, then all equipment which exclusively supports the qualified purpose occurring within that portion and which would qualify as Internal Revenue Code Section 1245 property if it were not a fixture or affixed to the building shall be treated as a cost of the portion of the building which qualifies for treatment as a special purpose building. (vi) Buildings and foundations which do not meet the definition of a special purpose building and foundation set forth above include, but are not limited to: buildings designed and constructed or reconstructed principally to function as a general purpose manufacturing, industrial, or commercial building; research facilities that are used primarily prior to or after, or prior to and after, the manufacturing process; or storage facilities that are used primarily prior to or after, or prior to and after, completion of the manufacturing process. A research facility shall not be considered to be used primarily prior to or after, or prior to and after, the manufacturing process if its purpose and use relate exclusively to the development and regulatory approval of the manufacturing process for specific biopharmaceutical products. A research facility which is used primarily in connection with the discovery of an organism from which a biopharmaceutical product or process is developed does not meet the requirements of the preceding sentence. (5) Subject to the provisions in subparagraph (B) of paragraph (1) of subdivision (b), qualified property also includes computer software that is primarily used for those purposes set forth in paragraph (1) or (2) of this subdivision. (6) Qualified property does not include any of the following: (A) Furniture. (B) Facilities used for warehousing purposes after completion of the manufacturing process. (C) Inventory. (D) Equipment used in the extraction process. (E) Equipment used to store finished products that have completed the manufacturing process. (F) Any tangible personal property that is used in administration, general management, or marketing. (G) Any vehicle for which a credit is claimed pursuant to Section 17052.11 or 23603. (e) For purposes of this section: (1) "Biopharmaceutical activities" means those activities that use organisms or materials derived from organisms, and their cellular, subcellular, or molecular components, in order to provide pharmaceutical products for human or animal therapeutics and diagnostics. Biopharmaceutical activities make use of living organisms to make commercial products, as opposed to pharmaceutical activities which make use of chemical compounds to produce commercial products. (2) "Fabricating" means to make, build, create, produce, or assemble components or property to work in a new or different manner. (3) "Manufacturing" means the activity of converting or conditioning property by changing the form, composition, quality, or character of the property for ultimate sale at retail or use in the manufacturing of a product to be ultimately sold at retail. Manufacturing includes any improvements to tangible personal property that result in a greater service life or greater functionality than that of the original property. (4) "Other biotechnology activities" means activities consisting of the application of recombinant DNA technology to produce commercial products, as well as activities regarding pharmaceutical delivery systems designed to provide a measure of control over the rate, duration, and site of pharmaceutical delivery. (5) "Primarily" means tangible personal property used 50 percent or more of the time in an activity described in subdivision (d). (6) "Process" means the period beginning at the point at which any raw materials are received by the qualified taxpayer and introduced into the manufacturing, processing, refining, fabricating, or recycling activity of the qualified person and ending at the point at which the manufacturing, processing, refining, fabricating, or recycling activity of the qualified taxpayer has altered tangible personal property to its completed form, including packaging, if required. Raw materials shall be considered to have been introduced into the process when the raw materials are stored on the same premises where the qualified taxpayer's manufacturing, processing, refining, fabricating, or recycling activity is conducted. Raw materials that are stored on premises other than where the qualified taxpayer's manufacturing, processing, refining, fabricating, or recycling activity is conducted, shall not be considered to have been introduced into the manufacturing, processing, refining, fabricating, or recycling process. (7) "Processing" means the physical application of the materials and labor necessary to modify or change the characteristics of property. (8) "Refining" means the process of converting a natural resource to an intermediate or finished product. (9) "Research and development" means those activities that are described in Section 174 of the Internal Revenue Code or in any regulations thereunder. (10) "Small business" means a qualified taxpayer that meets any of the following requirements during the taxable year for which the credit is allowed: (A) Has gross receipts of less than fifty million dollars ($50,000,000). (B) Has net assets of less than fifty million dollars ($50,000,000). (C) Has a total credit of less than one million dollars ($1,000,000). (D) For taxable years beginning on or after January 1, 1997, is engaged in biopharmaceutical activities or other biotechnology activities that are described in Codes 2833 to 2836, inclusive, of the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) Manual published by the United States Office of Management and Budget, 1987 edition, and has not received regulatory approval for any product from the United States Food and Drug Administration. (f) The credit allowed under subdivision (a) shall apply to qualified property that is acquired by or subject to lease by a qualified taxpayer, subject to the following special rules: (1) A lessor of qualified property, irrespective of whether the lessor is a qualified taxpayer, shall not be allowed the credit provided under subdivision (a) with respect to any qualified property leased to another qualified taxpayer. (2) For purposes of paragraphs (2) and (3) of subdivision (b), "binding contract" shall include any lease agreement with respect to the qualified property. (3) (A) For purposes of determining the qualified cost paid or incurred by a lessee in any leasing transaction that is not treated as a sale under Part 1 (commencing with Section 6001), the following rules shall apply: (i) Except as provided by subparagraph (C) of this paragraph, subparagraphs (A) and (C) of paragraph (1) of subdivision (b) shall not apply. (ii) Except as provided in subparagraph (B) and clause (iii), the "qualified cost" upon which the lessee shall compute the credit provided under this section shall be equal to the original cost to the lessor (within the meaning of Section 24912) of the qualified property that is the subject of the lease. (iii) Except as provided in clause (iv), the requirement of subparagraph (B) of paragraph (1) of subdivision (b) shall be treated as satisfied only if the lessor has made a timely election under either Section 6094.1 or subdivision (d) of Section 6244 and has paid sales tax reimbursement or use tax measured by the purchase price of the qualified property (within the meaning of paragraph (5) of subdivision (g) of Section 6006). For purposes of this subdivision and clause (iv), the amount of original cost to the lessor which may be taken into account under clause (ii) shall not exceed the purchase price upon which sales tax reimbursement or use tax has been paid under the preceding sentence or under clause (iv). (iv) With respect to leases entered into between January 1, 1994, and the effective date of this clause, the lessor may elect to pay use tax measured by the purchase price of the property by reporting and paying the tax with the return of the lessor for the fourth calendar quarter of 1994. In computing the use tax under the preceding sentence, a credit shall be allowed under Part 1 (commencing with Section 6001) for all sales or use tax previously paid on the lease. (B) For purposes of applying subparagraph (A) only, the following special rules shall apply: (i) The original cost to the lessor of the qualified property shall be reduced by the amount of any original cost of that property that was taken into account by any predecessor lessee in computing the credit allowable under this section. (ii) Clause (i) shall not apply in any case where the predecessor lessee was required to recapture the credit provided under this section pursuant to subdivision (g). (iii) For purposes of this section only, in any case where a successor lessor has acquired qualified property from a predecessor lessor in a transaction not treated as a sale under Part 1 (commencing with Section 6001), the original cost to the successor lessor of the qualified property shall be reduced by the amount of the original cost of the qualified property that was taken into account by any lessee of the predecessor lessor in computing the credit allowable under this section. (C) In determining the original cost of any qualified property under this paragraph, only amounts paid or incurred by the lessor on or after January 1, 1994, and prior to the date this section ceases to be operative under paragraph (2) of subdivision (i), shall be taken into account. In the case of any qualified property constructed, reconstructed, or acquired by a lessor pursuant to a binding contract in existence on or prior to January 1, 1994, the allocation rule specified in subparagraph (A) of paragraph (1) of subdivision (b) shall apply in determining the original cost to the lessor of qualified property. (D) Notwithstanding subparagraph (A), in the case of any leasing transaction for which the lessee is allowed the credit under this section and thereafter the lessee (or any party related to the lessee within the meaning of Section 267 or 318 of the Internal Revenue Code) acquires the qualified property from the lessor (or any successor lessor) within one year from the date the qualified property is first used by the lessee under the terms of the lease, the lessee's (or related party's) acquisition of the qualified property from the lessor (or successor lessor) shall be treated as a disposition by the lessee of the qualified property that was subject to the lease under subdivision (g). (4) For purposes of determining the qualified cost paid or incurred by a lessee in any leasing transaction that is treated as a sale under Part 1 (commencing with Section 6001), the following rules shall apply: (A) Subparagraph (A) of paragraph (1) of subdivision (b) shall be applied by substituting the term "purchase" for the term "construction, reconstruction, or acquisition." (B) Subparagraph (C) of paragraph (1) of subdivision (b) shall apply. (C) The requirement of subparagraph (B) of paragraph (1) of subdivision (b) shall be treated as satisfied at the time that either the lessor or the qualified taxpayer pays sales or use tax under Part 1 (commencing with Section 6001). (5) (A) In the case of any leasing transaction described in paragraph (3), the lessor shall provide a statement to the lessee specifying the amount of the lessor's original cost of the qualified property and the amount of that cost upon which a sales or use tax was paid within 45 days after the close of the lessee's taxable year in which the credit is allowable to the lessee under this section. (B) The statement required under subparagraph (A) shall be made available to the Franchise Tax Board upon request. (6) For purposes of this subdivision, in the case of any qualified taxpayer engaged in those lines of business described in Codes 7371 to 7373, inclusive, of the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) Manual published by the United States Office of Management and Budget, 1987 edition, "the first taxable year beginning on or after January 1, 1998," shall be substituted for "January 1, 1994," in each place in which it appears. In addition, "the effective date of this paragraph" shall be substituted for "the effective date of this clause" and "fourth calendar quarter of 1998" shall be substituted for "fourth calendar quarter of 1994." (g) No credit shall be allowed if the qualified property is removed from the state, is disposed of to an unrelated party, or is used for any purpose not qualifying for the credit provided in this section in the same taxable year in which the qualified property is first placed in service in this state. If any qualified property for which a credit is allowed pursuant to this section is thereafter removed from this state, disposed of to an unrelated party, or used for any purpose not qualifying for the credit provided in this section within one year from the date the qualified property is first placed in service in this state, the amount of the credit allowed by this section for that qualified property shall be recaptured by adding that credit amount to the net tax of the qualified taxpayer for the taxable year in which the qualified property is disposed of, removed, or put to an ineligible use. The sale of stock for which an election was made or deemed to have been made pursuant to Section 338(g) or 338(h)(10) of the Internal Revenue Code may not be treated as a disposition of qualified property to an unrelated party for purposes of this subdivision. (h) In the case where the credit allowed by this section exceeds the "tax," the excess may be carried over to reduce the "tax" in the following year, and succeeding years as follows: (1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), for the seven succeeding years if necessary, until the credit is exhausted. (2) In the case of a small business, for the nine succeeding years, if necessary, until the credit is exhausted. (i) (1) This section shall remain in effect until the date specified in paragraph (2) on which date this section shall cease to be operative, and as of that date is repealed. (2) (A) This section shall cease to be operative on January 1, 2001, or on January 1 of the earliest year thereafter, if the total employment in this state, as determined by the Employment Development Department on the preceding January 1, does not exceed by 100,000 jobs the total employment in this state on January 1, 1994. The department shall report to the Legislature annually with respect to the determination required by the preceding sentence. (B) For purposes of this paragraph, "total employment" means the total employment in the manufacturing sector, excluding employment in the aerospace sector. (j) The amendments made by the act adding this subdivision shall be operative for taxable years beginning on or after January 1, 1997, except as provided in paragraph (3) of subdivision (d). (k) The amendments made by the act adding this subdivision shall be operative for taxable years beginning on or after January 1, 1998. 23657. (a) For each taxable year beginning on or after January 1, 1997, and before January 1, 2007, there shall be allowed as a credit against the amount of "tax," as defined in Section 23036, an amount equal to 20 percent of the amount of each qualified investment made by a taxpayer during the taxable year into a community development financial institution. (b) Notwithstanding any other provision of this part, no credit shall be allowed under this section unless the California Organized Investment Network, or its successor within the Department of Insurance, certifies that the investment described in subdivision (a) qualifies for the credit under this section and certifies the total amount of the credit allocated to the taxpayer pursuant to this section. The aggregate amount of qualified investments made by all taxpayers pursuant to this section, Section 12209, and Section 17053.57 shall not exceed ten million dollars ($10,000,000) for each calendar year. However, if the aggregate amount of qualified investments made in any calendar year is less than ten million dollars ($10,000,000), the difference may be carried over to the next year, and any succeeding year during which this section remains in effect, and added to the aggregate amount authorized for those years. (c) The Community Development Financial Institution shall do all of the following: (1) Apply to the Department of Insurance, California Organized Investment Network, or its successor, for certification of its status as a Community Development Financial Institution. (2) Apply to the Department of Insurance, California Organized Investment Network, or its successor, on behalf of the taxpayer, for certification of the amount of the investment and the credit amount allocated to the taxpayer, obtain the certification, and retain a copy of the certification. (3) Obtain the taxpayer's identification number, or in the case of an "S corporation," the taxpayer identification numbers of all the shareholders for tax administration purposes and provide this information to the Department of Insurance, California Organized Investment Network, or its successor, with the application required in paragraph (2). (4) Provide an annual listing to the Franchise Tax Board, in the form and manner agreed upon by the Franchise Tax Board and the Department of Insurance, California Organized Investment Network, or its successor, of the names and taxpayer identification numbers of any taxpayer who makes any withdrawal or partial withdrawal of a qualified investment before the expiration of 60 months from the date of the qualified investment. (d) The Department of Insurance, California Organized Investment Network, or any successor thereof, shall do all of the following: (1) Accept applications for certification from financial institutions and issue certificates that the applicant is a Community Development Financial Institution qualified to receive qualified investments. (2) Accept applications for certification from any Community Development Financial Institution on behalf of the taxpayer and issue certificates to taxpayers in an aggregate amount that shall not exceed the limit specified in subdivision (b). The certificate shall include the amount eligible to be made as an investment that qualifies for the credit and the total amount of the credit to which the taxpayer is entitled for the taxable year. Certificates shall be issued in the order that the applications are received. (3) Provide an annual listing to the Franchise Tax Board, in the form or manner agreed upon by the Franchise Tax Board and the Department of Insurance, California Organized Investment Network, or its successor, of the taxpayers who were issued certificates, their respective tax identification numbers, the amount of the qualified investment made by each taxpayer, and the total amount of all qualified investments. (e) For purposes of this section: (1) "Qualified investment" means a deposit or loan that does not earn interest, or an equity investment, or an equity-like debt instrument that conforms to the specifications for these instruments as prescribed by the United States Department of the Treasury, Community Development Financial Institutions Fund, or its successor. All qualified investments must be equal to or greater than fifty thousand dollars ($50,000) and made for a minimum duration of 60 months. (2) "Community development financial institution" means a private financial institution located in this state that is certified by the Department of Insurance, California Organized Investment Network, or its successor, that has community development as its primary mission, and that lends in urban, rural, or reservation-based communities in this state. A community development financial institution may include a community development bank, a community development loan fund, a community development credit union, a microenterprise fund, a community development corporation-based lender, and a community development venture fund. (f) (1) If a qualified investment is withdrawn before the end of the 60th month and not reinvested in another Community Development Financial Institution within 60 days, there shall be added to the "tax," as defined in Section 23036, for the taxable year in which the withdrawal occurs, the entire amount of any credit previously allowed under this section. (2) If a qualified investment is reduced before the end of the 60th month, but not below fifty thousand dollars ($50,000), there shall be added to the "tax," as defined in Section 23036, for the taxable year in which the reduction occurs, an amount equal to 20 percent of the total reduction for the taxable year. (g) In the case where the credit allowed by this section exceeds the "tax," the excess may be carried over to reduce the "tax" for the next four taxable years, or until the credit has been exhausted, whichever occurs first. (h) The Franchise Tax Board shall, as requested by the Department of Insurance, California Organized Investment Network or its successor, advise and assist in the administration of this section. (i) This section shall remain in effect only until December 1, 2007, and as of that date is repealed. 23662. (a) For each taxable year beginning on or after July 1, 2005, and before January 1, 2018, there shall be allowed as an environmental tax credit against the "tax," as defined by Section 23036, an amount equal to five cents ($0.05) for each gallon of ultra low sulfur diesel fuel produced during the taxable year by a small refiner at any facility located in this state. (b) The aggregate credit determined under subdivision (a) for any taxable year with respect to any facility shall not exceed 25 percent of the qualified capital costs incurred by the small refiner with respect to that facility, reduced by the aggregate credits determined under this section for all prior taxable years with respect to that facility. (c) For purposes of this section: (1) "Small refiner" means any refiner who owns or operates a refinery in California that: (A) Has and at all times had since January 1, 1978, a crude oil capacity of not more than 55,000 barrels per stream day. (B) Has not been at any time since September 1, 1988, owned or controlled by any refiner that at the same time owned or controlled refineries in California with a total combined crude oil capacity of more than 55,000 barrels per stream day. (C) Has not been at any time since September 1, 1988, owned or controlled by any refiner that at the same time owned or controlled refineries in the United States with a total combined crude oil capacity of more than 137,500 barrels per stream day. (2) (A) "Qualified capital costs" means, with respect to any facility, those costs paid or incurred during the applicable period for items certified by the California Air Resources Board (CARB) under subparagraph (B) for compliance with the applicable EPA or CARB regulations with respect to that facility, including, but not limited to, expenditures for the construction of new process operation units or the dismantling and reconstruction of existing process units to be used in the production of ultra low sulfur diesel fuel, associated adjacent or offsite equipment (including tankage, catalyst, and power supply), engineering, construction period interest, site work, and permitting. (B) (i) Before claiming a credit under this section, a small refiner shall request from the California Air Resources Board a certification that both of the following are true: (I) That the items for which qualified capital costs were paid or incurred are for compliance with the applicable EPA or CARB regulations described in subparagraph (A). (II) That the items for which qualified capital costs were paid or incurred have been placed in service by the small refiner. (ii) The request described in clause (i) shall be in a form and contain sufficient information to allow the California Air Resources Board to determine that the items that are requested to be certified were placed in service for compliance with applicable EPA and CARB regulations, which information shall include the date on which the items were placed in service. (C) The California Air Resources Board shall make a determination regarding a request described in subparagraph (B) on or before 60 days after the request is submitted. If the board does not make a determination within this time period, the certification will be deemed to be granted. (D) If certification from the Secretary of the Treasury of the United States, after consultation with the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, that the taxpayer's qualified capital costs with respect to a facility are, or will result, in compliance with applicable EPA regulations, has been received, then the taxpayer shall be allowed the credit without obtaining certification from the CARB, unless CARB demonstrates that the fuel produced does not meet CARB regulations. (3) "Facility" means a small refiner's petroleum refinery located in the State of California that has incurred qualified capital costs to produce ultra low sulfur diesel fuel. (4) "Applicable EPA regulations" means the Highway Diesel Fuel Sulfur Control Requirements of the Environmental Protection Agency. (5) "Applicable CARB regulations" means the Vehicular Diesel Fuel Sulfur Control Requirements of the California Air Resources Board (CARB) under Section 2281 of Article 2 of Chapter 5 of Division 3 of Title 13 of the California Code of Regulations. (6) "Applicable period" means, with respect to any facility, the period beginning on January 1, 2004, and ending on May 31, 2007. (7) "Ultra low sulfur diesel fuel" means both of the following: (A) Diesel fuel with a sulfur content of 15 parts per million or less. (B) (i) Subject to clause (ii), either of the following: (I) Vehicular diesel fuel produced and sold by a small refiner on or after June 1, 2006. (II) Vehicular diesel fuel produced and sold by the small refiner before June 1, 2006, that the small refiner specifically identifies and supports through internal test reports as meeting applicable CARB regulations. (ii) For purposes of this section, it is rebuttably presumed that the fuel described in clause (i) is ultra low sulfur diesel fuel. The California Air Resources Board may rebut this presumption by demonstrating that the fuel does not comply with applicable CARB regulations. (8) "Barrels per stream day" means the maximum number of barrels of input that a distillation facility can process within a 24-hour period when running at full capacity under optimal crude and product slate conditions with no allowance for downtime. (d) For purposes of this section, if a credit is determined under this section for any expenditure with respect to any property, the increase in basis of that property that would (but for this subdivision) result from that expenditure shall be reduced by the amount of the credit so determined. (e) No deduction shall be allowed for that portion of the expenses otherwise allowable as a deduction for the taxable year which is equal to the amount of the credit determined for the taxable year under this section. (f) In the case where the credit allowed by this section exceeds the "tax," the excess may be carried over to reduce the "tax" in the following year, and the 10 succeeding years if necessary, until the credit is exhausted. (g) If a small refiner that claims a credit under this section sells, transfers, or otherwise disposes of, either directly or indirectly, a facility within five years of the taxable year during which it first claimed the credit, there shall be added to the "tax" of the small refiner during the taxable year of sale, transfer, or disposition an amount equal to the total credit claimed multiplied by a fraction, the numerator of which is the remaining term of five years and the denominator of which is 5. (h) This section shall remain in effect only until January 1, 2018, and as of that date is repealed. 23684. (a) For each taxable year beginning on or after January 1, 2001, and before January 1, 2004, there shall be allowed as a credit against the "tax," as defined in Section 23036, an amount equal to the lesser of 15 percent of the cost that is paid or incurred by a taxpayer, after deducting the value of any other municipal, state, or federal sponsored financial incentives, during the taxable year for the purchase and installation of any solar or wind energy system installed on property in this state, or the applicable dollar amount per rated watt of that solar or wind energy system, as determined by the Franchise Tax Board in consultation with the State Energy Resources Conservation and Development Commission. (b) For each taxable year beginning on or after January 1, 2004, and before January 1, 2006, there shall be allowed as a credit against the "net tax," as defined in Section 17039, an amount equal to the lesser of 7.5 percent of the cost that is paid or incurred by a taxpayer, after deducting the value of any other municipal, state, or federal sponsored financial incentives, during the taxable year for the purchase and installation of any solar or wind energy system installed on property in this state, or the applicable dollar amount per rated watt of that solar or wind energy system, as determined by the Franchise Tax Board in consultation with the State Energy Resources Conservation and Development Commission. (c) For purposes of this section: (1) "Applicable dollar amount" means four dollars and fifty cents ($4.50) for any taxable year beginning on or after January 1, 2001, and before January 1, 2006. (2) "Solar energy system" means a solar energy device, in the form of a photovoltaic system, with a peak generating capacity of up to, but not more than 200 kilowatts, used for the individual function of generating electricity, that is certified by the State Energy Resources Conservation and Development Commission and installed with a five-year warranty against breakdown or undue degradation. (3) "Wind energy system" means a wind energy conversion system consisting of a wind turbine, a tower, and associated control or conversion electronics, with a peak generating capacity of up to, but not exceeding, 200 kilowatts, used for the individual function of generating electricity, that is certified by the State Energy Resources Conservation and Development Commission and installed with a five-year warranty against breakdown or undue degradation. (4) A credit may be allowed under this section with respect to only one solar or wind energy system per each separate legal parcel of property or per each address of the taxpayer in the state. (5) No credit may be allowed under this section unless the solar or wind energy system is actually used for purposes of producing electricity and is primarily used to meet the taxpayer's own energy needs. (d) No other credit and no deduction may be allowed under this part for any cost for which a credit is allowed by this section. The basis of the solar or wind energy system shall be reduced by the amount allowed as a credit under subdivision (a) or (b). (e) No credit may be allowed to any taxpayer engaged in those lines of business described in Sector 22 of the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) Manual published by the United States Office of Management and Budget, 1997 edition. (f) If any solar or wind energy system for which a credit is allowed pursuant to this section is thereafter sold or removed from this state within one year from the date the solar or wind energy system is first placed in service in this state, the amount of credit allowed by this section for that solar or wind energy system shall be recaptured by adding that credit amount to the tax of the taxpayer for the taxable year in which the solar or wind energy system is sold or removed. (g) In the case where the credit allowed by this section exceeds the "tax," the excess may be carried over to reduce the "tax" in the following year, and the succeeding seven years if necessary, until the credit is exhausted. (h) This section shall remain in effect only until December 1, 2006, and as of that date is repealed.
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