Acosta v. Commonwealth
Annotate this CaseDefendant and her boyfriend, Roy Rankin, were prosecuted for the death of a six-month-old. The trial court instructed the jury on one count of first-degree criminal abuse as to Defendant, but the instructions covered two different theories of how Defendant allegedly committed the crime. The first instruction allowed the jury to find Defendant guilty if she intentionally abused Cecilia. The second instruction allowed the jury to find Defendant guilty if she had intentionally permitted Rankin to abuse Cecilia. The jury found Defendant guilty under the first instruction. The court of appeals affirmed. The Supreme Court reversed, holding (1) because the Commonwealth's proof was sufficient under at least one theory of first-degree criminal abuse, Defendant was not entitled to a directed verdict of acquittal on the charge of criminal abuse; (2) the trial court erred in instructing the jury as to direct abuse by Defendant, and the resulting jury verdict under that instruction was erroneous; and (3) Defendant may nevertheless be retried under the alternative theory of permitting the abuse because the jury never reached that question, and Defendant was not entitled to a directed verdict of acquittal.
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